Quick Search
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is the organic compound HSCH2CO2H.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) contains both a thiol (mercaptan) and a carboxylic acid.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a clear liquid with a strong unpleasant odor.
CAS: 68-11-1
MF: C2H4O2S
MW: 92.12
EINECS: 200-677-4
Synonyms
2-MERCAPTOACETIC ACID;2-mercaptoacetate;2-Thioglycolic acid;2-thio-glycolicaci;2-thioglycolicacid;Aceticacid,mercapto-;Acide thioglycolique;acidethioglycolique
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is readily oxidized by air to the corresponding disulfide [SCH2CO2H]2.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) was developed in the 1940s for use as a chemical depilatory and is still used as such, especially in salt forms, including calcium thioglycolate and sodium thioglycolate.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is the precursor to ammonium thioglycolate that is used for permanents.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) and its derivatives break the disulfide bonds in the cortex of hair.
One reforms these broken bonds in giving hair a "perm."
Alternatively and more commonly, the process leads to depilation as is done commonly in leather processing.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is also used as an acidity indicator, manufacturing of thioglycolates, and in bacteriology for preparation of thioglycolate media.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is also used in the making of tin stabilizers often used in certain polyvinyl chloride products (such as vinyl siding).
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used as nucleophile in thioglycolysis reactions used on condensed tannins to study their structure.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a sulfur-containing carboxylic acid.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a conjugate acid of a thioglycolate(1-).
A colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor.
Density 1.325 g / cm3.
Used to make permanent wave solutions and depilatories.
Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Pure mercaptoacetic acid is colourless transparent liquid, industrial product is colourless to slightly yellow, with strong irritating odour.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is miscible with water, ethanol and ether.
Perm products use mercaptoacetic acid to break some of the disulfide bonds in the hair to change the curvature of the hair to achieve the effect of perm and hair beauty.
However, mercaptoacetic acid is toxic, easily absorbed through the skin and respiratory tract, causing skin damage allergies and other symptoms, and even affect the body's metabolism, long-term exposure will cause a variety of tissue and organ damage, and has a strong mutagenicity and reproductive toxicity.
Therefore, it needs to be strictly controlled.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a strong antimicrobial agent that has been shown to be effective against bacteria and fungi.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used in the preparation of biological samples for titration calorimetry studies.
Thioglycolic acid reacts with proteins by forming covalent linkages, which can be identified using laser ablation techniques.
The redox potential of thioglycolic acid makes Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) an ideal candidate for chemiluminescent reactions.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) also called Mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) is a high-performance chemical containing mercaptan and carboxylic acid functionalities.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is completely miscible in water and in general polar organic solvents.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a strong reducing agent especially at high pH and forms powerful complexes with metals that give it specific characteristics.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used in industries and applications as diverse as cosmetics, oil and gas, polymerization, fine chemistry, leather processing, cleaning, and metals receovery.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid), with the CAS number 68-11-1, is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that is characterized by its strong, sulfurous odor.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a thiol compound, which means it contains a sulfhydryl (-SH) group, making it a key reagent in various chemical reactions.
This compound is highly soluble in water and organic solvents, which enhances its utility in diverse applications.
Thioglycolic acid is primarily used in the cosmetic industry for hair perming and straightening, as it can break disulfide bonds in keratin, allowing for the restructuring of hair.
Additionally, Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) serves as a reducing agent in organic synthesis and is employed in the production of thiol-containing compounds.
Due to its reactivity, thioglycolic acid can also participate in the formation of esters and amides.
However, Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is important to handle this substance with care, as it can be irritating to the skin and eyes, and proper safety precautions should be observed during its use.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) Chemical Properties
Melting point: −16 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 96 °C5 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 1.326 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
Vapor density: 3.2 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.4 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.505(lit.)
Fp: 126 °C
Storage temp.: Store at +2°C to +8°C.
Solubility: Chloroform (Sparingly), Methanol (Sparingly)
Form: Liquid
pka: 3.68(at 25℃)
Color: clear clear, colorless
Odor: strong unpleasant odor
PH: 1 (H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: soluble
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Merck: 14,9336
BRN: 506166
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 1 ppm (～3.8 mg/m3) (ACGIH).
Stability: Air Sensitive
InChIKey: CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.090
CAS DataBase Reference: 68-11-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Acetic acid, mercapto-(68-11-1)
EPA Substance Registry System: Thioglycolic acid (68-11-1)
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a colorless liquid with a strong unpleasant odor like rotten eggs.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a sensitive reagent for iron, molybdenum, silver, tin.
With ferric iron a blue color appears, and when an alkali hydroxide is added to a solution contg ferrous salts and thioglycolic acid, a yellow precipitate forms.
Uses
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is an organic compound containing both a thiol and a carboxylic acid.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a precursor to ammonium thioglycolate, a chemical Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used in organic synthesis as a nucleophile in thioglycolysis reactions and is used as a S transfer agent for sulfonyl chloride synthesis.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used as a reagent formetals analysis; in the manufacture of thioglycolates, pharmaceuticals, and permanentwave solutions; and as a vinyl stabilizer.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is an intermediate in the production of thiomethoprol (caputril), biotin, thiozinc acid, sodium dithiosuccinate and other pharmaceuticals, and is also an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine, hormonal agent, and industrial disinfectant.
And an important raw material for the synthesis of sulfuric acid.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used as antioxidant and stabilizer in pharmaceuticals to enhance the stability of the main drug and prolong the validity period of pharmaceutical preparations.
Ammonium and sodium salts of thioglycolic acid are mainly used as curling agents, calcium salts can be used as depilatory agents, polymerization initiators, accelerators and chain transfer agents, and can be used for hair removal before cosmetic surgery and animal experiments.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used to make epoxy resin, catalyst of bisphenol A, and it can also be used as the basic raw material for synthesizing PVC transparent plastic and organic antimony and organic tin heat stabilizer.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a sensitive reagent for the determination of iron, molybdenum, aluminum, tin, etc., and is an inhibitor of copper sulfide and iron sulfide minerals in beneficiation.
In the petrochemical industry and the railway sector, Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used for cleaning and derusting of equipment and rails.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) can be used as a crystallization nucleating agent in polypropylene processing and molding, as a modifier for coatings and fibers, as a blanket quickening agent, as a stabilizer raw material for polyvinyl chloride and rubber, as a cold perm agent, and as a pharmaceutical intermediate.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is used as a color developer for the photometric determination of molybdenum, rhenium and iron, and as a compounding masking agent.
Preparation
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is prepared from Sodium sulfide plus Sodium monochloride acetate to yield Dithioglycollic acid.
Electrolysis of the latter acid yields the title material.
Reactivity Profile
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is readily oxidized by air.
Reacts readily with other oxidizing agents as well in reactions that may generate toxic gases.
Incompatible with diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents.
Reactions with these materials may generate heat and toxic and flammable gases.
May react with acids to liberate hydrogen sulfide.
Neutralizes bases in exothermic reactions.
Reacts with cyanides, sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates to generate flammable and toxic gases and heat.
Reacts with carbonates and bicarbonates.
Health Hazard
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
Avoid any skin contact.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Mercaptoacetic acid is a highly toxic and ablistering compound.
Even a 10% solutionwas lethal to most experimental animals by dermal absorption.
The oral LD50 value ofundiluted acid is less than 50 mg/kg.
The lethal dose in rabbits by skinabsorption is 300 mg/kg.
The acute toxicsymptoms in test animals include weakness,respiratory distress, convulsions, irritation ofthe gastrointestinal tract, and liver damage.
Mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) is a severe irritant.
Contact with eyes can cause conjunctivalinflammation and corneal opacity.
Skin contact can result in burns and necrosis.
