METHANE SULPHONIC ACID MODIFIED

Methane sulphonic acid modified is used as an electrolyte in electroplating processes such as nickel plating, copper plating and tin plating.
Methane sulphonic acid modified acts as a buffer to maintain the pH of the electrolyte solution and to help ensure uniform coverage of the metal substrate.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is used to clean rust from ceramics, tiles and porcelain, which are generally sensitive to strong acids.

CAS Number: 75-75-2
EC Number: 200-898-6
Molecular Formula: CH₄O₃S
Molecular Weight: 96.11 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Methanesulfonic Acid, Methanesulphonic Acid, Methylsulfonic Acid, Mesylic Acid, Sulfomethane, MsOH, MeSO₃H, Methansulfonsäure, Kyselina methansulfonova, Methylsulphonic Acid, Methane Sulfonic Acid 70%, Mesic Acid, Methanesulfonic acid, Methanesulphonic acid, Methylsulfonic acid, Kyselina methansulfonova, CH3SO3H, NSC 3718, Methylsulfonic acid, MSA, Mesylic acid, Methanesulfonic acid, CAS 75-75-2, MSA, methylsulfonic acid, mesylic acid, methanosulfonic acid, methansulfonic acid, Mesylic acid, MsOH

Methane sulphonic acid modified (MsOH, MSA) or methanesulphonic acid (in British English) is an organosulfuric, colorless liquid with the molecular formula CH3SO3H and structure H3C−S(=O)2−OH.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is the simplest of the alkylsulfonic acids (R−S(=O)2−OH).

Salts and esters of Methane sulphonic acid modified are known as mesylates (or methanesulfonates, as in ethyl methanesulfonate).
Methane sulphonic acid modified is hygroscopic in its concentrated form.
Methane sulphonic acid modified can dissolve a wide range of metal salts, many of them in significantly higher concentrations than in hydrochloric acid (HCl) or sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

Methane sulphonic acid modified is a clear colourless to pale yellow, pale brown or pale brownish yellow clear liquid.
Methane sulphonic acid modified has become a popular substitute for other acids in many industrial and laboratory applications.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is a strong acid.

Methane sulphonic acid modified has a low vapor pressure (does not evaporate, e.g. like nitric or hydrochloric acids).
Methane sulphonic acid modified is not oxidizing or explosive like nitric, sulfuric or perchloric acids.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is a liquid at room temperature.

Methane sulphonic acid modified soluble in most organic solvents.
Methane sulphonic acid modified forms water-soluble salts with all inorganic cations and most organic cations.
Methane sulphonic acid modified does not form complexes with metal ions in water.

Methane sulphonic acid modified's anion, mesylate, is non-toxic and suitable for pharmaceutical preparations.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is based on methane sulfonic acid, which is partially neutralized with selected amines to generate a blocked acid catalyst.

The formulation of Methane sulphonic acid modified is very well suited to ensure efficient networking.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is significantly more active than usual p-toluene sulfonic acid based products.

This results in a lower dosage in coating systems.
Methane sulphonic acid modified ensures a relatively long pot life.

The dosage of Methane sulphonic acid modified ranges typically between 0.5 – 2.5%, depending on the application.
Methane sulphonic acid modified can be used in the generation of borane (BH3) by reacting methanesulfonic acid with NaBH4 in an aprotic solvent such as THF or DMSO, the complex of BH3 and the solvent is formed.

USES and APPLICATIONS of METHANE SULPHONIC ACID MODIFIED:
Methane sulphonic acid modifiedhas a wide range of industrial applications due to its strong acid properties, high solubility in water, and chemical stability.

The closest analogue, p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA), is solid used in detergents because it does not cause eutrophication in water bodies.
In the electroplating industry, Methane sulphonic acid modified solutions are used to electroplate tin and tin-lead alloys.
Methane sulphonic acid modified displaces fluoroboric acid, which releases corrosive and volatile hydrogen fluoride.

Methane sulphonic acid modified is used as an electrolyte in electroplating processes such as nickel plating, copper plating and tin plating.
Methane sulphonic acid modified acts as a buffer to maintain the pH of the electrolyte solution and to help ensure uniform coverage of the metal substrate.

In the cleaning industry, Methane sulphonic acid modified is a key ingredient in rust and plaque removers from acid-sensitive surfaces.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is used to clean rust from ceramics, tiles and porcelain, which are generally sensitive to strong acids.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is an excellent alternative to traditional phosphoric acid-based rust removers/cleaners as it is not inferior in cleaning performance and does not contribute to eutrophication (water damage) when discharged into wastewater.

This property is particularly relevant for operators of individual sewage treatment plants, as Methane sulphonic acid modified does not impair their operation and does not damage the water bodies into which the treated wastewater is discharged.
In the chemical industry, Methane sulphonic acid modified is a substance for the formation of secondary methane sulfonates from olefins, a chemical for the production of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, and for the production of methane sulfonyl chloride.

Methane sulphonic acid modified is used catalyst in esterification, alkylation, olefin polymerization, peroxidation reactions.
In electrical engineering, Methane sulphonic acid modified is used to etch pressed electrical panels.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is used as an alternative to inorganic acids because it not only performs its function well but also does not corrode the metals of the plates.

This prolongs the service life of the plates.
Use as a solvent: Methane sulphonic acid modified is not only an excellent catalyst for the chitin acylation process but also a good solvent for partially acylated chitin.

Therefore, homogeneous chitin acylation can be achieved in the methanesulfonic acid system.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is used as a solvent for high molecular weight polymers.
In water systems, Methane sulphonic acid modified is used for regeneration of water softening filter charges.

Methane sulphonic acid modified is well suited because it does not damage anion exchange and cation exchange resins and reacts well with the metals on their surface, thus opening the active centres of the resins and allowing the charges to operate at full capacity.
In the electrical industry, Methane sulphonic acid modified is used to dissolve lead salts to produce the electrolyte in bipolar batteries.

Methane sulphonic acid modified  has the advantage of eliminating the parasitic reactions that inhibit the storage/generation of chemical electricity, greatly simplifying the battery design, and allowing the production of energy storage/batteries in a wide range of sizes.
In metals processing and extraction, Methane sulphonic acid modified is of particular interest in lead hydrometallurgy, where it is a greener alternative to HBF4 and H2SiF6.

However, Methane sulphonic acid modified can also be used in all hydrometallurgical processes that require strong Brønsted acids.
Methane sulphonic acid modified can be used in copper, zinc, cobalt, nickel and rare earth metallurgy, as well as in the recycling of metals from discarded products.

The high solubility of methanesulfonate salts compared to sulphate and chloride salts is also useful for the recovery of Methane sulphonic acid modified in process solutions after removal of precious metals.

For example, if CaO, Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3 is used to neutralize excess Methane sulphonic acid modified after leaching, and the metals have been removed from the saturated leach solution by precipitation as hydroxides or sulfides, there will be a significant amount of dissolved calcium methanesulfonate in the raffinate.

The addition of sulfuric acid to this solution results in the precipitation of CaSO4-2H2O (gypsum) and the Methane sulphonic acid modified is recovered and can be reused.
Similarly, silver can be recovered from Methane sulphonic acid modified salt solutions by adding hydrochloric acid.

This produces a sparingly soluble silver (I) chloride which precipitates out.
Rare earth elements (REE) can be recovered from MSA solutions by the addition of oxalic acid.
In order to develop a new Methane sulphonic acid modified-based process for the refining of recycled raw silver from secondary resources, the characteristics of silver metal pellet dissolution in Methane sulphonic acid modified were investigated.

Although Methane sulphonic acid modified alone did not dissolve the pellets, they were dissolved by the addition of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant.
Silver pellets containing about 94 % silver together with other precious metals such as gold and PGMs were successfully dissolved with a mixture of Methane sulphonic acid modified and hydrogen peroxide.

The extraction yields were found to be in excess of 90 %, with solid-liquid ratios of up to 550 g/L and a stoichiometric excess of hydrogen peroxide of three times.
The optimum yield was found to be between 65 °C and 85 °C.

A high selectivity for palladium was achieved: only 7 % of palladium dissolved together.
The dissolution residue consisted mainly of gold and undissolved silver, with small amounts of palladium and platinum.
A negative correlation was observed between the solubility of silver(I) methanesulphonate and the concentration of free Methane sulphonic acid modified after leaching.

Methane sulphonic acid modified has been shown to be an effective solvent for dissolving the cathode material of LiCoO2 lithium ion batteries.
With a small amount of hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent (0,9 % by volume), lithium and cobalt could be leached very efficiently with a 1 M Methane sulphonic acid modified solution.

Methane sulphonic acid modified performed much better than the other organic acids tested (citric acid, malonic acid, succinic acid and oxalic acid).
Dissolved cobalt precipitated as CoCO3 and was calcined to Co3O4, while dissolved lithium precipitated as Li2CO3 with the addition of Na2CO3 solution.

Li2CO3 and Co3O4 were combined in a solid state to form the new cathode material LiCoO2.
In pharmaceuticals, Methane sulphonic acid modified is very suitable for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients such as telmisartan and eprosartan, angiotensin II receptor antagonists.

Methane sulphonic acid modified plays an important role in a wide range of pharmaceutical applications, from the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to drug formulation.
As a catalyst, Methane sulphonic acid modified facilitates key reactions in the synthesis of APIs such as esterification, acylation and sulfonation.

Methane sulphonic acid modified's efficiency in promoting these reactions allows the efficient production of pharmaceutical intermediates and final APIs.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is also used in drug formulation processes where it helps to solubilize and stabilize active compounds.

Methane sulphonic acid modified's compatibility with various solvents and its mild nature contribute to the development of safe and effective pharmaceutical formulations.
In oil industry (well stimulation): Methane sulphonic acid modified is used in the oilfield industry for acidification treatments that increase production by dissolving mineral deposits and improving reservoir permeability.

Methane sulphonic acid modified acts as a catalyst to break down complex hydrocarbons and increase oil recovery efficiency.
Methane sulphonic acid modified has lower corrosion and biodegradability, resulting in reduced equipment corrosion and longer service life, and lower maintenance costs.

In addition, the biodegradable properties of Methane sulphonic acid modified contribute to environmentally friendly oilfield operations.
In the chemical industry, Methane sulphonic acid modified is a very important catalyst in the chemical industry, especially in esterification processes.

Methane sulphonic acid modified's strong acidic properties allow the efficient and selective formation of esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols.
Methane sulphonic acid modifiedversatility and compatibility with a wide range of substrates make it a very important component in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, flavorings, fragrances and specialty chemicals.

Methane sulphonic acid modified's non-oxidizing properties, which prevent the formation of by-products and discoloration, make it more selective than other strong acids such as nitric or sulfuric acids.
In the biodiesel industry, Methane sulphonic acid modified covers key steps throughout the production chain, from the esterification catalyst to reduce the free fatty acid content before transesterification, to the neutralization to improve glycerol and ester quality.

Methane sulphonic acid modified in biodiesel production offers the dual benefits of reducing corrosion and using cost-effective feedstock.
As a catalyst, Methane sulphonic acid modified reduces corrosion of stainless steel equipment while ensuring efficient conversion processes.
Methane sulphonic acid modified also allows the use of cheaper feedstocks such as agricultural waste, used cooking oil, waste cooking oils, thus increasing the economic viability of biodiesel production.

Methane sulphonic acid modified plays an important role in making biofuels more sustainable and economically viable.
Solutions of Methane sulphonic acid modified are used for the electroplating of tin and tin-lead solders.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is displacing the use of fluoroboric acid, which releases corrosive and volatile hydrogen fluoride.

Methane sulphonic acid modified is also a primary ingredient in rust and scale removers.
Methane sulphonic acid modified is used to clean off surface rust from ceramic, tiles and porcelain which are usually susceptible to acid attack.

Electroplating: Methane sulphonic acid modified serves as an electrolyte in electroplating baths, offering a less corrosive alternative to traditional acids.
Organic Synthesis: Methane sulphonic acid modified is utilized in the formation of mesylates, which are intermediates in various chemical reactions.

Pharmaceuticals: Methane sulphonic acid modified is employed in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients and as a counterion in drug formulations.
Catalysis: Methane sulphonic acid modified acts as a catalyst in esterification and polymerization reactions.

Cleaning Agents: Methane sulphonic acid modified is included in formulations for metal cleaning and surface treatment due to its strong acidity and solubility.
Battery Electrolytes: Methane sulphonic acid modified is investigated for use in non-aqueous electrolyte systems in battery technologies.

-Applications of Methane sulphonic acid modified:
Since ca. 2000 methanesulfonic acid has become a popular replacement for other acids in numerous industrial and laboratory applications, because Methane sulphonic acid modified:
*is a strong acid,
*has a low vapor pressure (see boiling points in the "Properties" inset),
*is not an oxidant or explosive, like nitric, sulfuric or perchloric acids,
*is a liquid at room temperature,
*is soluble in many organic solvents,
*forms water-soluble salts with all inorganic cations and with most organic cations,
*does not form complexes with metal ions in water,
*Methane sulphonic acid modified's anion, mesylate, is non-toxic and suitable for pharmaceutical preparations.

-Electroplating uses of Methane sulphonic acid modified:
Methane sulphonic acid modified is used as an electrolyte in electroplating processes, such as nickel plating, copper plating, and tin plating.
Methane sulphonic acid modified acts as a buffer to maintain the pH of the electrolyte solution and helps to ensure a uniform coating on the metal substrate.

-Industrial Cleaning (Equipment & Hard Surface Cleaning) uses of Methane sulphonic acid modified:
Methane sulphonic acid modified is widely employed in industrial cleaning applications due to its effective and versatile properties.

Methane sulphonic acid modified acts as a strong acid cleaner, capable of removing various types of contaminants and residues from surfaces and equipment, maintaining the formed salts in solution throughout the cleaning process thanks to their high solubility.

Methane sulphonic acid modified's reactivity and properties make it suitable, efficient, and more sustainable agent for removing mineral deposits, rust, scale, and organic substances.

-Oilfield (Well stimulation) uses of Methane sulphonic acid modified:
Methane sulphonic acid modified is utilized in the oilfield industry for acidizing treatments, enhancing production by dissolving mineral deposits and improving reservoir permeability.
Methane sulphonic acid modified acts as a catalyst, aiding in the breakdown of complex hydrocarbons and increasing oil recovery efficiency.

Methane sulphonic acid modified offers benefits of reduced corrosion and biodegradability, minimizing equipment corrosion and extending lifespan on one side and reducing maintenance costs on the other.
Additionally, Methane sulphonic acid modified's biodegradable properties contribute to environmentally friendly oilfield practices.

-Chemical Industry (Esterification) uses of Methane sulphonic acid modified:
Methane sulphonic acid modified is a vital catalyst in the chemical industry, particularly for esterification processes.
Methane sulphonic acid modified's strong acidic properties enable efficient and selective ester formation from carboxylic acids and alcohols.

Methane sulphonic acid modified's versatility and compatibility with different substrates make it an essential component in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, fragrances, flavors, and specialty chemicals.

Higher selectivity is obtained with Methane sulphonic acid modified than with other strong acids such as nitric or sulfuric acids thanks to its non-oxidizing property, preventing by product formation and product coloration.

-Biodiesel (Esterification Catalyst) uses of Methane sulphonic acid modified:
Methane sulphonic acid modified's application in biodiesel value chain involves key stages from esterification catalyst to lower free fatty acid content before transesterification to neutralization to improve quality of glycerol and ester.

Methane sulphonic acid modified-LC in biodiesel production offers dual benefits of reducing corrosion and utilizing cost-effective feedstocks.
As a catalyst, Methane sulphonic acid modified-LC minimizes stainless steel equipment corrosion while enabling efficient conversion processes.

Methane sulphonic acid modified also allows for the use of cheaper feedstocks like agricultural residues, used cooking oil, wastes cooking oils, enhancing the economic viability of biodiesel production.
Methane sulphonic acid modified plays a vital role in making biofuels more sustainable and economically feasible.

-Pharmaceuticals (API synthesis, drug formulation, etc.) uses of Methane sulphonic acid modified:
Methane sulphonic acid modified plays a significant role in various pharmaceutical applications, ranging from active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) synthesis to drug formulation.

As a catalyst, Methane sulphonic acid modified facilitates key reactions in API synthesis, such as esterification, acylation, and sulfonation.
Methane sulphonic acid modified's effectiveness in promoting these reactions allows for the efficient production of pharmaceutical intermediates and final APIs.

Methane sulphonic acid modified is also utilized in drug formulation processes, where it aids in solubilizing and stabilizing active compounds.
Methane sulphonic acid modified's compatibility with a wide range of solvents and its mild nature contribute to the development of safe and effective pharmaceutical formulations.