PRODUCTS

METHYL ALCOHOL

Methyl alcohol is also used to produce chemicals used to manufacture polyester fabrics and fibers, acrylic plastics, pesticides, textile solvents, pharmaceuticals, and windshield wiper fluid.
Methyl alcohol is used as a solvent in the manufacture of cholesterol, streptomycin, vitamins, hormones, and other pharmaceuticals.
Methyl alcohol is used on a large scale in pharmaceuticals, industrial production of plastics, synthetic fibers.

CAS Number: 67-56-1
EC Number: 200-659-6
MDL Number: MFCD00004595
Chemical formula: CH3OH
Molar mass: 32.042 g·mol−1

SYNONYMS:
Methanol, Carbinol, Columbian spirits, Hydroxymethane, MeOH, Methyl alcohol, Methyl hydrate, Methyl hydroxide, Methylic alcohol, Methylol, Methylene hydrate, primary alcohol, Pyroligneous spirit, Wood alcohol, Wood naphtha, Wood spirit, methanol, methyl alcohol, 67-56-1, wood alcohol, Wood naphtha, Methylol, Methyl hydroxide, Methylalkohol, Monohydroxymethane, Alcool methylique, MeOH, Methyl hydrate, Alcohol, methyl, CH3OH, Metanolo, Alcool metilico, Metylowy alkohol, Rcra waste number U154, Metanol, Alcohol,methyl, NSC-85232, Y4S76JWI15, DTXSID2021731, CHEBI:17790, DTXCID801731, NSC85232, Alcohol, Wood, Methoxide, Sodium, RefChem:100, 200-659-6, carbinol, Hydroxymethane, Freers Elm Arrester, Surflo-B17, Wilbur-Ellis Smut-Guard, Metanol [Spanish], Metanolo [Italian], Coat-B1400, Caswell No. 552, Methylalkohol [German], CH4O, Alcool metilico [Italian], Metylowy alkohol [Polish], Alcool methylique [French], X-Cide 402 Industrial Bactericide, HSDB 93, Methyl alcohol [NF], NSC 85232, UN1230, CCRIS 2301, Pyro alcohol, AI3-00409, MetOH, RCRA waste no. U154, MFCD00004595, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 053801, 170082-17-4, Methanol, HPLC grade, Methanol, anhydrous, Methyl alcohol (NF), NCGC00091172-01, Methanol, Methyl alcohol, METHANOL (D2), Methanol, for HPLC, >=99.9%, Methanol, ACS reagent, >=99.8%, Methanol, or methyl alcohol [UN1230] [Flammable liquid, Poison], CAS-67-56-1, MOH, EINECS 200-659-6, UNII-Y4S76JWI15, Methylalcohol, Methynol, methly alcohol, Primary alcohol, methanol-, Wood, Methanol cluster, Secondary alcohol, secondary alcohols, a primary alcohol, Methanol LC-MS, a secondary alcohol, Methanol, for HPLC, Methanol-[17O], Methanol, ACS Grade, Methanol, LCMS grade, Methanol ,99.8%, METHANOL [MI], Methyl alcohol for HPLC, SCHEMBL36, SCHEMBL37, Methanol, Histology Grade, SCHEMBL908, bmse000294, Epitope ID:116865, METHANOL [USP-RS], METHANOL [WHO-DD], R-CHOH-R', EC 200-659-6, Methanol, or methyl alcohol, METHYL ALCOHOL [II], Methanol, LR, >=99%, Methanol, SAJ special grade, SCHEMBL35678, SCHEMBL41786, Methanol, analytical standard, METHYL ALCOHOL [FCC], WLN: Q1, Methanol HPLC Gradient Grade, Methanol, Environmental Grade, CHEMBL14688, Methanol [for HPLC Solvent], METHYL ALCOHOL [HSDB], SCHEMBL120369, ALCOHOL,METHYL [VANDF], Methanol, anhydrous, 99.8%, Methanol, p.a., 99.8%, Methanol, p.a., 99.9%, SCHEMBL9462322, METHANOL [EP MONOGRAPH], METHYL ALCOHOL [MART.], Methanol, AR, >=99.5%, METHYL ALCOHOL [USP-RS], SCHEMBL11020200, SCHEMBL29871337, CHEBI:15734, CHEBI:35681, Methanol, NMR reference standard, Methanol, ultrapure, HPLC Grade, METHYL ALCOHOL (METHANOL), MSK6706, Methanol, 99.8%, ACS reagent, Methanol, anhydrous, >=99.5%, Methanol, low water for titration, Methanol, Absolute - Acetone free, Methanol, low benzene, HPLC grade, FAA77005, Methanol, HPLC gradient, 99.9%, Methanol, or methyl alcohol [UN1230] [Flammable liquid, Poison], Methanol, for HPLC, >=99.8%, Tox21_111094, Tox21_202523, InChI=1/CH4O/c1-2/h2H,1H, Methanol, HPLC Plus, >=99.9%, MSK8581-100M, AKOS000269045, Methanol, purification grade, 99.8%, EBC-627262, UN 1230, Methanol, UHPLC, for mass spectrometry, ACETONE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY], Methanol, >=99.8%, for chromatography, Methanol, SAJ first grade, >=99.5%, NCGC00260072-01, Methanol, JIS special grade, >=99.8%, Methanol, Laboratory Reagent, >=99.6%, Methanol, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.9%, Methanol, anhydrous, ZerO2(TM), 99.8%, Methanol, spectrophotometric grade, >=99%, M0097, M0628, Methanol, ultrapure, Spectrophotometric Grade, NS00001876, Xylenes (total) 2000 microg/mL in Methanol, C00132, D02309, Methanol, for HPLC, gradient grade, 99.93%, Methanol, suitable for determination of dioxins, Q14982, Methanol solution 28.3% (w/w) aqueous solution, Methanol solution 87.7% (w/w) aqueous solution, Methanol, for HPLC, gradient grade, >=99.9%, Methanol, glass distilled HRGC/HPLC trace grade, Methanol, low benzene, ACS reagent, = 99.8%, Methanol, low benzene, ACS reagent, >=99.8%, F046842, F600007, Methanol, ACS spectrophotometric grade, >=99.9%, Methanol HPLC, UV-IR min. 99.9% isocratic grade, Methanol Solution in Water, 10,000 mg/L, 1 mL, Methanol, BioReagent, suitable for protein sequencing, Methanol, for HPLC, gradient grade, >=99.8% (GC), Q27115113, Methanol, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, anhydrous, >=99.8%, 3'-Hydroxy stanozolol-d3 Solution in Methanol, 100ug/mL, Method 5035 High Level 10 ml P/T Methanol in a PFA Tube, Moisture in methanol, 325 mg/kg, NIST(R) SRM(R) 8510, Moisture in methanol, 93 mg/kg, NIST(R) SRM(R) 8509, Methanol with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, tested for UHPLC-MS, Methanol, >=99.8%, suitable for absorption spectrum analysis, Methanol, semiconductor grade PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17824), Methanol, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. 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Eur., >=99.8% (GC), Residual Solvent Class 2 - Methanol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, 77810-22-1, JandaJel(TM)-OH, 100-200 mesh, extent of labeling, 1.0 mmol/g OH loading, 2 % cross-linked, JandaJel(TM)-OH, 200-400 mesh, extent of labeling, 1.0 mmol/g OH loading, 2 % cross-linked, JandaJel(TM)-OH, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling, 1.0 mmol/g OH loading, 2 % cross-linked, Methanol, Carbinol, Methyl hydroxide, Methylol, Monohydroxymethane, Wood alcohol, CH3OH, Colonial spirit, Columbian spirit, Hydroxymethane, Wood naphtha, Alcool methylique, Alcool metilico, Columbian spirits, Metanolo, Methylalkohol, Metylowy alkohol, Pyroxylic spirit, Wood spirit, Rcra waste number U154, UN 1230, Pyro alcohol, Spirit of wood, Bieleski's solution, NSC 85232, alcohol, methyl, alcohol, wood, carbinol, mono carbinol, colonial spirits, columbian spirits, hydroxymethane, mono hydroxymethane, menthanol, methanol, methyl alcohol residues, methyl hydrate, pyroligneous spirit, spirit of wood, wood alcohol, wood naphtha, wood spirit

Methyl alcohol, methanol, CH3OH is an organic compound, It is the simplest of the aliphatic alcohols.
Known to science since 1661 when Robert Boyle first described Methyl alcohol, he is also credited with discovering this compound.
Until 1923, Methyl alcohol was produced only by the decomposition distillation of wood, currently obtained synthetically by one of two methods from syngas: the ICI method or the Lurgi method.

Methyl alcohol is also used in DMFC fuel cells.
An interesting fact is that at the beginning of 2015 in the Gdańsk “Remontowa” shipyard, for the first time in the world, the engines of the ship (Stena Germanica) were adapted to be powered by Methyl alcohol.

Methyl alcohol, also known as methyl alcohol (CH₃OH), carbinol, wood alcohol or methyl hydroxide is an organic compound classified as a monohydric alcohol and the simplest aliphatic alcohol in terms of structure.

Methyl alcohol is a mobile liquid, used as an industrial solvent, antifreeze, and in chemical manufacture.
Ingestion of methyl alcohol may result in severe acidosis, visual impairment, and other effects on the central nervous system.
Synonyms of methyl alcohol include Methanol, wood alcohol, and wood spirit.

Methyl alcohol (CH3OH) is a light, colorless, flammable liquid at room temperature.
Methyl alcohol is also a naturally occurring substance, produced by living organisms, and manufactured from a variety of organic and inorganic sources.

Methyl alcohol is a type of alcohol that can often be found in industrial solvents, fuels and some chemical compounds.
Methyl alcohol is an alcohol like ethanol.
Methyl alcohol is a type of alcohol made primarily from natural gas.

Methyl alcohol’s a base material in acetic acid and formaldehyde, and in recent years it is also increasingly being used in ethylene and propylene.
Methyl alcohol and Methanol derivative products used in practically every aspect of our lives.

Methanol (also called methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the chemical formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH).
Methyl alcohol is a light, volatile, colorless and flammable liquid with a distinctive alcoholic odor similar to that of ethanol (potable alcohol), but is more acutely toxic than the latter.

Methyl alcohol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced through destructive distillation of wood.
Today, Methyl alcohol is mainly produced industrially by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.
Methyl alcohol consists of a methyl group linked to a polar hydroxyl group.

With more than 20 million tons produced annually, Methyl alcohol is used as a precursor to other commodity chemicals, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl benzoate, anisole, peroxyacids, as well as a host of more specialized chemicals.
Methyl alcohol, also known as methyl alcohol or wood alcohol, can occur both naturally and as an industrial substance.

Methyl alcohol and isobutene are combined to give methyl tert-butyl ether (Methyl alcohol).
Methyl alcohol is a major octane booster in gasoline.
Methyl alcohol to hydrocarbons, olefins, gasoline

Condensation of Methyl alcohol to produce hydrocarbons and even aromatic systems is the basis of several technologies related to gas to liquids.
These include Methyl alcohol-to-hydrocarbons (MtH), Methyl alcohol to gasoline (MtG), Methyl alcohol to olefins (MtO), and Methyl alcohol to propylene (MtP).

These conversions are catalyzed by zeolites as heterogeneous catalysts.
The MtG process was once commercialized at Motunui in New Zealand.
Methyl alcohol is the primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.

Methyl alcohol has a role as an amphiprotic solvent, a fuel, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite.
Methyl alcohol is an alkyl alcohol, a one-carbon compound, a volatile organic compound and a primary alcohol.

Methyl alcohol is a conjugate acid of a methoxide.
Methyl alcohol is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli.
Methyl Alcohol is also known as wood alcohol.

Methyl alcohol does not have a very good impression on the public.
The formula for Methyl Alcohol is CH3COH.
Methyl alcohols' formula is the simplest type.

Methyl Alcohol is the simplest type of alcohol.
Methyl alcohol is a polar liquid at room temperature.
Methyl alcohol is the simplest fatty alcohol.

Methyl alcohol has the general properties of primary aliphatic alcohol.
Three hydrogen atoms on a carbon atom containing a hydroxyl group can oxidize in an orderly manner, producing Formaldehyde, Formic Acid and Carbon Dioxide.

USES and APPLICATIONS of METHYL ALCOHOL:
Methyl alcohol is used in industry mainly as a universal organic solvent, it is also an irreplaceable component of the process of obtaining formaldehyde, methyl chloride and many dyes.
In addition, Methyl alcohol is used on a large scale in pharmaceuticals, industrial production of plastics, synthetic fibers.

Methyl alcohol is also a valued fuel for internal combustion engines and an additive to fuels.
Beyond heavy industry, Methyl alcohol also plays a significant role in various consumer-focused sectors.

In pharmaceuticals, Methyl alcohol is used as a solvent and carrier for active ingredients in drug manufacturing, as well as in the extraction of plant-based compounds.
In cosmetics, methyl alcohol is used in the production of perfumes, toners, and cleansing products — helping dissolve fragrance components and preserving formulas against microbial growth.

Methyl alcohol is also present in household and construction chemicals, serving as an ingredient in paints, varnishes, adhesives, windshield washer fluids, and de-icers.
Methyl alcohol used in the manufacture of formaldehyde and acetic acid, in chemical synthesis, in antifreeze, and as a solvent.

In industry, Methyl alcohol is also used to produce chemicals used to manufacture polyester fabrics and fibers, acrylic plastics, pesticides, textile solvents, pharmaceuticals, and windshield wiper fluid.
Methyl alcohol is used as a solvent in the manufacture of cholesterol, streptomycin, vitamins, hormones, and other pharmaceuticals.

Methyl alcohol and its derivative products such as ascetic acid and formaldehyde created via chemical reactions are used as base materials in acrylic plastic; synthetic fabrics and fibers used to make clothing; adhesives, paint, and plywood used in construction; and as a chemical agent in pharmaceuticals and agrichemicals.
Its endless myriad applications have made Methyl alcohol ubiquitous in our lives and throughout society.

Its endless myriad applications have made Methyl alcohol ubiquitous in our lives and throughout society.
Methyl alcohol is widely used in the production of acetic acid and formaldehyde.
In order to discourage the recreational consumption of ethanol, Methyl alcohol is often added to it as a denaturant.

Methyl alcohol is also used as an antifreeze (an additive that is used to lower the freezing point of a liquid) in many pipelines.
Methyl alcohol is also used in sewage treatment plants since it serves as a carbon-based food source for denitrifying bacteria.
The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) technique involves the use of Methyl alcohol as a destaining agent.

A mixture of water and Methyl alcohol is used in high-performance engines in order to increase power.
Methyl alcohol is used in the production of hydrocarbons, olefins, and some aromatic compounds.
Methyl alcohol is also used in the production of methyl esters and methylamines.

Methyl alcohol is used in a range of products, such as: cosmetics, makeup, hair products, skin moisturizer, adhesives, paint products,
paint removers, stain and varnish removers, cleaning products, wipes, lens cleaners, floor cleaners, window cleaners, automotive products, de-icing agents (windshield washer fluid).

Methyl alcohol occurs naturally in foods and is a permitted food additive.
Methyl alcohol is used as a denaturant for ethanol, the product being known as denatured alcohol or methylated spirit.
Methyl alcohol was commonly used during the US prohibition to discourage consumption of bootlegged liquor, and ended up causing several deaths.

Methyl alcohol is sometimes used as a fuel in alcohol lamps, portable fire pits and camping stoves.
Methyl alcohol is used as a solvent and as an antifreeze in pipelines and windshield washer fluid.
Methyl alcohol was used as an automobile coolant antifreeze in the early 1900s.

As of May 2018, Methyl alcohol was banned in the EU for use in windscreen washing or defrosting due to its risk of human consumption as a result of 2012 Czech Republic Methyl alcohol poisonings.
In some wastewater treatment plants, a small amount of Methyl alcohol is added to wastewater to provide a carbon food source for the denitrifying bacteria, which convert nitrates to nitrogen gas and reduce the nitrification of sensitive aquifers.

Methyl alcohol is used as a destaining agent in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
In terms of usage, Methyl alcohol is used as antifreeze, solvent, fuel and denaturant for ethanol.
Methyl alcohol is used to produce biodiesel by the chemical transesterification reaction.

Methyl alcohol is used as a denaturant additive in the production of ethanol used for industrial purposes.
Acetic acid or acetic anhydride can be produced by carbonylation using Methyl alcohol.
Methyl alcohol is the main raw material in the production of formaldehyde.

In the production reaction here, 2 types of catalysts are used.
1 is a ribbon catalyst and the other is a metal oxide catalyst.
In the production in the presence of the first catalyst, the efficiency is in the range of 50-60%.

In the production in the presence of the second catalyst, the remaining amount is produced.
Methyl alcohol's uses include the production of hydrocarbon chains and aromatic systems.
Methyl alcohol is used in polymer production.

Methyl alcohol is used as a solvent in this field.
Methyl alcohol is used as a laboratory chemical.
Methyl alcoholcan be used in the production of chemicals such as sulfonamides, amines, etc.

Methyl alcohol is a very important type of alcohol for the production of dimethyl terephthalic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and methyl ester.
Methyl alcohol is used in the determination of boron in laboratory studies.

Methyl alcohol is used as an anti-freezing agent.
Methyl is used as a solvent for the separation of Calcium sulphate and Magnesium sulphate.
Methyl alcohol is the most suitable alcohol derivative for the separation of strontium bromide and barium bromide.

Methyl alcohol is a good alternative fuel source.
This is because Methyl alcohol has a low flash point.
This means Methyl alcohol burns quickly.

This is why it is used in racing vehicles.
Methyl alcohol is also used to cool engines due to its evaporation rate.
Methyl alcohol is used in the manufacture of adhesives and sealants.

Methyl alcohol is used as an anti-scaling agent in the manufacture of corrosion inhibitors.
Methanol (Methyl alcohol) is used as an industrial waste treatment agent.
Methyl alcohol is used in the manufacture of automotive maintenance products.

Methyl alcohol is used in the manufacture of some agricultural chemicals.
Methyl Alcohol is used in the production of chafing dish fuel used to start a fire, in order to benefit from its solvent and flammable properties.

Methyl alcohol is used together with Methylene Chloride to dissolve asphalt bitumen consisting of high molecular weight hydroxycarbons, thus increasing its solvent power.
Methyl alcoholis used in electrical and electronic products.
During the biodiesel production process, it reacts with oil and initiates the production process.

Methyl alcohol is used in the manufacture of air care products.
Methyl alcohol can be used as a disinfectant in industrial environments or environmental disinfection, in areas where there will be no human contact.

Methyl alcohol was used in the production of illegal alcohol because of its low cost.
Methyl alcohol is used to make other chemicals.

-Uses of Methyl alcohol in Fuel:
Methyl alcohol can be used as a fuel in several internal combustion engines.
The chemical equation for the burning of Methyl alcohol is given by:

2CH3OH + 3O2 → 4H2O + 2CO2
However, the primary disadvantage of Methyl alcohol as a fuel is that it has a tendency to corrode aluminium and some other metals.

Another shortcoming of Methyl alcohol as a fuel is that its energy density is approximately half of the energy density offered by gasoline.
An advantage of Methyl alcohol as a fuel is that it is relatively easy to store.

The storage of liquid Methyl alcohol is much easier than the storage of hydrogen gas or natural gas.
Other merits of Methyl alcohol include its biodegradability and its short half-life in groundwater.

-Methyl alcohol in paint production:
Methyl alcohol in Chemical Manufacturing
Methyl alcohol is a fundamental raw material in the chemical industry, serving as a base for the synthesis of many essential organic compounds.

Methyl alcohol is widely used in the production of formaldehyde, which is further processed into synthetic resins, plastics, disinfectants, and components for paints and coatings.
Methyl alcohol is also involved in the manufacturing of acetic acid and technical-grade Methyl alcohol — both commonly used in laboratories and various industrial applications.

-The Plastics Industry and Methyl Alcohol:
In the plastics industry, Methyl alcohol serves as a key feedstock in the production of many modern materials.
Through its conversion into formaldehyde, Methyl alcohol plays a crucial role in the creation of phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, and melamine resins — widely used in the manufacturing of laminates, flooring, kitchen countertops, furniture components, and insulation materials.

Additionally, Methyl alcohol plays a vital role in polymerization processes — enabling the creation of monomers that serve as building blocks for high-strength engineering plastics.
Thanks to methyl alcohol, it is possible to produce lightweight yet durable components used in the automotive, electronics, and construction industries.

-Key applications of Methyl alcohol:
Raw materials for petrochemical industry,
Raw materials for the construction chemistry production,
Raw materials for household chemicals production,
Raw materials for paint and varnish production,
Raw materials for adhesives, oils, lubricants,
Raw materials for plastic production,
Raw materials for cosmetic industry

-The Fuel and Energy Industry uses of Methyl alcohol:
Methyl alcohol is also gaining importance in the fields of energy and fuel technology.
Methyl alcohol is used as an alternative fuel or fuel additive — often blended with gasoline to increase octane rating.

Thanks to its low boiling point and excellent combustibility, Methyl alcohol performs exceptionally well as a fuel for race car engines, gas turbines, and industrial burners.
Methyl alcohol is increasingly being considered as a hydrogen carrier in fuel cells, aligning with global trends toward low-emission energy solutions.

Methyl alcohol is also being explored as a cleaner alternative to diesel fuel in marine transportation, offering a more environmentally friendly option for the shipping industry.
methyl alcohol in household chemical production

-Gasoline additive uses of Methyl alcohol:
The European Fuel Quality Directive allows fuel producers to blend up to 3% Methyl alcohol, with an equal amount of cosolvent, with gasoline sold in Europe.
In 2019, it is estimated that China used as much as 7 million tons of Methyl alcohol as transportation fuels, representing over 5% of their fuel pool.

-Other chemicals use of Methyl alcohol:
Methyl alcohol is the precursor to most simple methylamines, methyl halides, and methyl ethers.
Methyl esters are produced from Methyl alcohol, including the transesterification of fats and production of biodiesel via transesterification.

-Production of formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether
Methyl alcohol is primarily converted to formaldehyde, which is widely used in many areas, especially polymers.
The conversion entails oxidation:
2 CH3OH + O2 → 2 CH2O + 2 H2O
Acetic acid can be produced from Methyl alcohol.

-Fuel uses of Methyl alcohol:
Methyl alcohol is occasionally used to fuel internal combustion engines.
Methyl alcohol burns forming carbon dioxide and water:

2 CH3OH + 3 O2 → 2 CO2 + 4 H2O
Methyl alcohol fuel has been proposed for ground transportation.

The chief advantage of a Methyl alcohol economy is that it could be adapted to gasoline internal combustion engines with minimum modification to the engines and to the infrastructure that delivers and stores liquid fuel.
Methyl alcohol's energy density, however, is less than gasoline, meaning more frequent fill ups would be required.

However, Methyl alcohol is equivalent to super high-octane gasoline in horsepower, and most modern computer-controlled fuel injection systems can already use it.
Methyl alcohol is an alternative fuel for ships that helps the shipping industry meet increasingly strict emissions regulations.

Methyl alcohol significantly reduces emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter.
Methyl alcohol can be used with high efficiency in marine diesel engines after minor modifications using a small amount of pilot fuel (dual fuel).

In China, Methyl alcohol fuels industrial boilers, which are used extensively to generate heat and steam for various industrial applications and residential heating.
Methyl alcohol's use is displacing coal, which is under pressure from increasingly stringent environmental regulations.

Direct-Methyl alcohol fuel cells are unique in their low temperature, atmospheric pressure operation, which lets them be greatly miniaturized.
This, combined with the relatively easy and safe storage and handling of Methyl alcohol, may open the possibility of fuel cell-powered consumer electronics, such as laptop computers and mobile phones.

Methyl alcohol is also a widely used fuel in camping and boating stoves.
Methyl alcohol burns well in an unpressurized burner, so alcohol stoves are often very simple, sometimes little more than a cup to hold fuel.
This lack of complexity makes them a favorite of hikers who spend extended time in the wilderness.

Similarly, Methyl alcohol can be gelled to reduce risk of leaking or spilling, as with the brand "Sterno".
Methyl alcohol is mixed with water and injected into high performance diesel and gasoline engines for an increase of power and a decrease in intake air temperature in a process known as water Methyl alcohol injection.

-Niche and potential uses of Methyl alcohol:
*Energy carrier:
Methyl alcohol is a promising energy carrier because, as a liquid, it is easier to store than hydrogen and natural gas.
Methyl alcohol's energy density is, however, lower than methane, per kg.

Methyl alcohol's combustion energy density is 15.6 MJ/L (LHV), whereas that of ethanol is 24 and gasoline is 33 MJ/L.
Further advantages for Methyl alcohol is its ready biodegradability and low environmental toxicity.
Methyl alcohol does not persist in either aerobic (oxygen-present) or anaerobic (oxygen-absent) environments.

The half-life for Methyl alcohol in groundwater is just one to seven days, while many common gasoline components have half-lives in the hundreds of days (such as benzene at 10–730 days).
Since Methyl alcohol is miscible with water and biodegradable, it is unlikely to accumulate in groundwater, surface water, air or soil.

PRODUCTION of METHYL ALCOHOL:
From synthesis gas
Carbon monoxide and hydrogen react over a catalyst to produce Methyl alcohol.
Today, the most widely used catalyst is a mixture of copper and zinc oxides, supported on alumina, as first used by ICI in 1966.
At 5–10 MPa (50–100 atm) and 250 °C (482 °F), the reaction
CO + 2 H2 → CH3OH is characterized by high selectivity (>99.8%).

The production of synthesis gas from methane produces three moles of hydrogen for every mole of carbon monoxide, whereas the synthesis consumes only two moles of hydrogen gas per mole of carbon monoxide.

One way of dealing with the excess hydrogen is to inject carbon dioxide into the Methyl alcohol synthesis reactor, where it, too, reacts to form Methyl alcohol according to the equation
CO2 + 3 H2 → CH3OH + H2O

In terms of mechanism, the process occurs via initial conversion of CO into CO2, which is then hydrogenated:
CO2 + 3 H2 → CH3OH + H2O
where the H2O byproduct is recycled via the water-gas shift reaction
CO + H2O → CO2 + H2

This gives an overall reaction
CO + 2 H2 → CH3OH
which is the same as listed above.

In a process closely related to Methyl alcohol production from synthesis gas, a feed of hydrogen and CO2 can be used directly.
The main advantage of this process is that captured CO2 and hydrogen sourced from electrolysis could be used, removing the dependence on fossil fuels.

BIOSYNTHESIS of METHYL ALCOHOL:
The catalytic conversion of methane to Methyl alcohol is effected by enzymes including methane monooxygenases.
These enzymes are mixed-function oxygenases, i.e. oxygenation is coupled with production of water and NAD+:
CH4 + O2 + NADPH + H+ → CH3OH + H2O + NAD+

Both Fe- and Cu-dependent enzymes have been characterized.
Intense but largely fruitless efforts have been undertaken to emulate this reactivity.

Methyl alcohol is more easily oxidized than is the feedstock methane, so the reactions tend not to be selective.
Some strategies exist to circumvent this problem.

Examples include Shilov systems and Fe- and Cu-containing zeolites.
These systems do not necessarily mimic the mechanisms employed by metalloenzymes, but draw some inspiration from them.

Active sites can vary substantially from those known in the enzymes.
For example, a dinuclear active site is proposed in the sMMO enzyme, whereas a mononuclear iron (alpha-oxygen) is proposed in the Fe-zeolite.

Global emissions of Methyl alcohol by plants are estimated at between 180 and 250 million tons per year.
This is between two and three times larger than man-made industrial production of Methyl alcohol.

OCCURRENCE of METHYL ALCOHOL:
Small amounts of Methyl alcohol are present in normal, healthy human individuals.
One study found a mean of 4.5 ppm in the exhaled breath of test subjects.
The mean endogenous Methyl alcohol in humans of 0.45 g/d may be metabolized from pectin found in fruit.
One kilogram of apple produces up to 1.4 g of pectin (0.6 g of Methyl alcohol).
Methyl alcohol is produced by anaerobic bacteria and phytoplankton.

INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM of METHYL ALCOHOL:
Methyl alcohol is also found in abundant quantities in star-forming regions of space and is used in astronomy as a marker for such regions.
Methyl alcohol is detected through its spectral emission lines.

In 2006, astronomers using the MERLIN array of radio telescopes at Jodrell Bank Observatory discovered a large cloud of Methyl alcohol in space 0.463 terametres (288 million miles) across.
In 2016, astronomers detected Methyl alcohol in a planet-forming disc around the young star TW Hydrae using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array radio telescope.

WHY METHYL ALCOHOL DETERMINATION IN ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES IS IMPORTANT?
Methyl alcohol is often found in counterfeit alcohol production or in poor production processes of alcoholic beverages.
Therefore, the determination of methyl alcohol in alcoholic beverages is essential for the health safety of consumers.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of METHYL ALCOHOL:
Physicochemical Properties
The unique properties of Methyl alcohol make it widely used across the chemical and technical industries.

Methyl alcohol is a clear liquid that is fully miscible with water, has a boiling point of 64.7°C and a melting point of -97.6°C, and a density of approximately 0.79 g/cm³.

Methyl alcohol evaporates quickly, making it a highly volatile substance.
In the presence of oxygen, Methyl alcohol burns with an almost invisible pale blue flame, producing carbon dioxide and water.
Additionally, carbinol is highly reactive — Methyl alcohol participates in numerous chemical reactions, both as a reagent and as a solvent.

HOW METHYL ALCOHOL WORKS:
Methyl alcohol primarily functions as a solvent, fuel, and a raw material for chemical synthesis.
Methyl alcohol is used in windshield washer fluids, solvents, and denatured alcohols.

In industrial processes, Methyl alcohol plays a key role in the production of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and methyl esters.
Thanks to its efficient combustion properties, Methyl alcohol is also used as an engine fuel or blended with gasoline.
In the energy and transport sectors, Methyl alcohol is being explored as an alternative, lower-emission energy source.

HISTORY of METHYL ALCOHOL:
In their embalming process, the ancient Egyptians used a mixture of substances, including Methyl alcohol, which they obtained from the pyrolysis of wood.
Pure Methyl alcohol, however, was first isolated in 1661 by Robert Boyle, when he produced it via the distillation of buxus (boxwood).

Methyl alcohol later became known as "pyroxylic spirit".
In 1834, the French chemists Jean-Baptiste Dumas and Eugene Peligot determined its elemental composition.

They also introduced the word "methylène" to organic chemistry, forming it from Greek methy = "alcoholic liquid" + hȳlē = "forest, wood, timber, material".
"Methylène" designated a "radical" that was about 14% hydrogen by weight and contained one carbon atom.

This would be CH2, but at the time carbon was thought to have an atomic weight only six times that of hydrogen, so they gave the formula as CH.
They then called wood alcohol (l'esprit de bois) "bihydrate de méthylène" (bihydrate because they thought the formula was C4H8O4 or (CH)(H2O)2).

The term "methyl" was derived in about 1840 by back-formation from "methylene", and was then applied to describe "methyl alcohol".
This was shortened to "Methyl alcohol" in 1892 by the International Conference on Chemical Nomenclature.

The suffix -yl, which, in organic chemistry, forms names of carbon groups, is from the word methyl.
French chemist Paul Sabatier presented the first process that could be used to produce Methyl alcohol synthetically in 1905.
This process suggested that carbon dioxide and hydrogen could be reacted to produce Methyl alcohol.

German chemists Alwin Mittasch and Mathias Pier, working for Badische-Anilin & Soda-Fabrik (BASF), developed a means to convert synthesis gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen) into Methyl alcohol and received a patent.
According to Bozzano and Manenti, BASF's process was first utilized in Leuna, Germany in 1923.

Operating conditions consisted of "high" temperatures (between 300 and 400 °C) and pressures (between 250 and 350 atm) with a zinc/chromium oxide catalyst.
US patent 1,569,775 was applied for on 4 September 1924 and issued on 12 January 1926 to BASF.

The process used a chromium and manganese oxide catalyst with extremely vigorous conditions: pressures ranging from 50 to 220 atm, and temperatures up to 450 °C.
Modern Methyl alcohol production has been made more efficient through use of catalysts (commonly copper) capable of operating at lower pressures.

The modern low pressure Methyl alcohol (LPM) process was developed by ICI in the late 1960s with the technology patent long since expired.
During World War II, Methyl alcohol was used as a fuel in several German military rocket designs, under the name M-Stoff, and in a roughly 50/50 mixture with hydrazine, known as C-Stoff.

The Luftwaffe used 50/50 Methyl alcohol-water solution MW 50 injected in the inlet manifold for anti-detonation in supercharged aircraft engines.
The use of Methyl alcohol as a motor fuel received attention during the oil crises of the 1970s.

By the mid-1990s, over 20,000 Methyl alcohol flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) capable of operating on Methyl alcohol or gasoline were introduced in the US.
In addition, low levels of Methyl alcohol were blended in gasoline fuels sold in Europe during much of the 1980s and early-1990s.

Automakers stopped building Methyl alcohol FFVs by the late-1990s, switching their attention to ethanol-fueled vehicles.
While the Methyl alcohol FFV program was a technical success, rising Methyl alcohol pricing in the mid- to late-1990s during a period of slumping gasoline pump prices diminished interest in Methyl alcohol fuels.

In the early 1970s, a process was developed by Mobil for producing gasoline fuel from Methyl alcohol.
Between the 1960s and 1980s Methyl alcohol emerged as a precursor to the feedstock chemicals acetic acid and acetic anhydride.
These processes include the Monsanto acetic acid synthesis, Cativa process, and Tennessee Eastman acetic anhydride process.

HOW IS METHYL ALCOHOL PRODUCED?
Its production is based on the principles of the Methyl alcohol process under low pressure, by catalytically converting the gas from which it is synthesized into Methyl Alcohol.

The reason for preferring the low-pressure system is that it has lower investment cost, lower production cost, operations can be carried out safely during the production process and the size of the facility to be established for Methyl alcohol production is flexible.

Production catalysts such as copper that operate at low temperatures are used in modern Methyl alcohol production.
Natural gas is the most economical and most common raw material used for the production of Methyl Alcohol.

The most common raw material used in China is coal.
Low pressure Methyl production was developed in the late 1960s.

WHAT ARE THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METHYL ALCOHOL?
Methyl alcohol is often confused with Ethanol due to its properties.
However, their areas of use are very different from each other.
Methyl alcohol is a colorless and highly volatile liquid with a slightly pungent odor like ethyl alcohol.

Methyl alcohol is completely miscible with water.
Methanol (Methyl alcohol) vapors are slightly heavier than air.

Methyl alcohol's physical appearance is that of a colorless liquid.
If Methyl alcohol is pure, it has a slight alcoholic odor.

The boiling point of Methyl alcohol is 65.4 °C.
Methyl alcohol's melting point is -98 ° C.

Methyl alcohol's density is 0.791 g/mLt.
Methyl alcohol is miscible with benzene in terms of solubility.

Methyl alcohol is miscible with ethanol, ether, benzene, many organic solvents and ketones.
Methyl alcohol is also soluble in acetone and chloroform.

HOW TO STORE METHYL ALCOHOL?
Methyl alcohol can be stored in storage areas that are not exposed to direct sunlight and are not flammable or explosive.
Methyl alcohol packaging can be stored in IBC tanks and plastic drums.
Since methyl has a very low boiling point, extreme care should be taken during storage.

GREEN METHYL ALCOHOL:
As of 2023, 0.2% of global Methyl alcohol production is produced in ways that have relatively low greenhouse gas emissions; this is known as "green" Methyl alcohol.
Most green Methyl alcohol is produced from gasification of biomass.

Syngas is produced from biomass gasification and further converted into green Methyl alcohol.
Another method of producing green Methyl alcohol involves combining hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and a catalyst under high heat and pressure.

To be classified as green Methyl alcohol, the hydrogen must be produced using renewable electricity.
The carbon dioxide must be from carbon capture and storage, direct air capture or biomass of recent origin.
Some definitions of green Methyl alcohol specify that the carbon dioxide must be captured during the burning of bioenergy.

QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS AND ANALYSIS of METHYL ALCOHOL:
Methyl alcohol is available commercially in various purity grades.
Commercial Methyl alcohol is generally classified according to ASTM purity grades A and AA.

Both grade A and grade AA purity are 99.85% Methyl alcohol by weight.
Grade "AA" Methyl alcohol contains trace amounts of ethanol as well.

Methyl alcohol for chemical use normally corresponds to Grade AA.
In addition to water, typical impurities include acetone and ethanol (which are very difficult to separate by distillation).

UV-vis spectroscopy is a convenient method for detecting aromatic impurities.
Water content can be determined by the Karl-Fischer titration.

Methyl alcohol appears as a colorless fairly volatile liquid with a faintly sweet pungent odor like that of ethyl alcohol.
Completely mixes with water.

The vapors are slightly heavier than air and may travel some distance to a source of ignition and flash back.
Any accumulation of vapors in confined spaces, such as buildings or sewers, may explode if ignited.

Methyl alcohol is used to make chemicals, to remove water from automotive and aviation fuels, as a solvent for paints and plastics, and as an ingredient in a wide variety of products.
Methyl alcohol, tallow alkyl iminobisethanol appears as a yellow-colored liquid with an "alcohol" odor.

Methyl alcohol is less dense than water.
Methyl alcohol's vapors heavier than air..

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of METHYL ALCOHOL:
Chemical formula: CH3OH
Molar mass: 32.042 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colourless liquid
Odor: Faint and similar to ethanol
Density: 0.792 g/cm3
Melting point: −97.6 °C (−143.7 °F; 175.6 K)
Boiling point: 64.7 °C (148.5 °F; 337.8 K)
Solubility in water: miscible
log P: −0.69

Vapor pressure: 13.02 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 15.5
Conjugate acid: Methyloxonium
Conjugate base: Methanolate
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −21.40·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.33141
Viscosity: 0.545 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment: 1.69 D

Thermochemistry
Heat of combustion, higher value (HHV): 725.7 kJ/mol, 173.4 kcal/mol, 5.77 kcal/g
CAS Number: 67-56-1
EC Number: 200-659-6
Molecular Weight: 32.042 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1

Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 32.026214747 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 32.026214747 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 2
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 2
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 97.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No

Specific Gravity: 0.78800 to 0.79800 @ 25.00 °C
Pounds per Gallon (est): 6.557 to 6.640
Refractive Index: 1.32100 to 1.33100 @ 20.00 °C
Melting Point: -94.00 to -93.00 °C @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 64.00 to 65.00 °C @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 20.00 to 21.00 °C @ 100.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 265.414001 mmHg @ 25.00 °C (est)
Vapor Density: 1.11 (Air = 1)

Flash Point: 52.00 °F TCC (11.11 °C)
logP (o/w): -0.770
Soluble in: alcohol
Soluble in: ether
Soluble in: water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Soluble in: water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Physical state: liquid (20 °C, 1.013 hPa)
Color: colourless

Odor: characteristic
Odor Threshold: 10 ppm
Melting point/range: -98 °C
Boiling point/boiling range: 64,7 °C
Flammability: No data available
Upper explosion limit/Upper flammability limit: Upper explosion limit 44 %(V)
Lower explosion limit/Lower flammability limit: Lower explosion limit 5,5 %(V)

Flash point: 9,7 °C (10 hPa)
Method: Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, Annex, A.9, closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 420 °C (1.013 hPa)
Method: DIN 51794
Decomposition temperature: Distillable in an undecomposed state at normal pressure
pH: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: > 0,544 - < 0,59 mPa.s (25 °C)
Viscosity, kinematic: 0,54 - 0,59 mm2/s (20 °C)

Flow time: No data available
Water solubility: 1.000 g/l (20 °C) completely miscible
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water: log Pow: -0,77 (25 °C)
Method: (experimental) (HSDB)
Bioaccumulation is not expected
Vapor pressure: 169,27 hPa (25 °C)
Relative density: 0,79 - 0,8 (20 °C)
Density: 0,791 g/mL (25 °C)
Relative vapour density: 1,11
Explosives: Not classified as explosive
Oxidizing properties: none

Burning rate: No data available
Self-ignition: 455,0 °C
1.013 hPa
Method: DIN 51794
Evaporation rate: 6,3
Method: Diethylether
Method: n-butyl acetate
Conductivity: < 1 µS/cm
Minimum ignition energy: 0,14 mJ
Molecular weight: 32,04 g/mol

FIRST AID MEASURES of METHYL ALCOHOL:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of METHYL ALCOHOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of METHYL ALCOHOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of METHYL ALCOHOL:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of METHYL ALCOHOL:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of METHYL ALCOHOL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available