PRODUCTS

METHYL CYANIDE

Methyl cyanide is a colorless liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor and is widely used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and chromatography due to its low viscosity and high elution strength.
Methyl cyanide is a highly volatile and flammable solvent, miscible with water and many organic solvents, and is commonly employed in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, fibers, and resins, as well as in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Methyl cyanide is toxic and can be metabolized into hydrogen cyanide and thiocyanate; it is used as a solvent and intermediate in various industrial and laboratory applications, including the extraction of fatty acids, the production of vitamin B1, and the synthesis of organic compounds.

CAS Number: 75-05-8
EC Number: 200-835-2
Molecular Formula: CH3CN
Molecular Mass: 41.0

Synonyms: Acetonitril, Acetonitrile, Acetonitrile IMDG OR, Acetonitrile technical grade, acetonitrile-, acetonitrile; cyanomethane, Acetonitrile, Acetronitrile, Acetronitrile, Actonitrile, AKS-12, cianuro de metilo, cyanomethane, Cyanure de méthyle, etanonitrile, ethanenitrile, Methyl cyanide, Methyl cyanide, Acetonitrile, Ethyl nitrile, Cyanomethane, ACN, 200-664-3, 200-835-2, 232-148-9, 741857, 75-05-8, Acetonitril, Acetonitrile, Acetonitrilo, Alcohol Determination - Acetonitrile, Amidite Diluent, Asetonitril, cianometano, cianuro di metile, cyanomethane, Cyanure de methyl, Degassed and low oxygen acetonitrile, etanonitrile, Ethane nitrile, Ethanenitrile, ethanonitrile, Ethyl nitrile, MeCN, Methane, cyano-, methyl cyanide, Methylidyne, cyano-, Methylkyanid, MFCD00001878, NC1, NCMe, Residual Solvent - Acetonitrile, Residual Solvent Class 2 - Acetonitrile, 18605-40-8, 1-Aminoethane, Acetonitrile ACS, Acetonitrile EMPROVE(R) ESSENTIAL, Acetonitrile HPLC grade, Acetonitrile LC-MS, Acetonitrile Non UV, Acetonitrile with 0.05% (v:v) Trifluoroacetic acid, Acetonitrile with 0.1% (v/v) Formic acid, Acetonitrile with 0.1% (v:v) trifluoroacetic acid, Acetonitrile WITH 0.1per cent AMMONIUM ACETATE

Methyl cyanide is a simple organic compound with the chemical formula CH₃CN.
Methyl cyanide is the simplest organic nitrile and is commonly known as Acetonitrile.

Methyl cyanide is a colorless liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor and is miscible with water and most organic solvents.
Methyl cyanide is a nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.

Methyl cyanide has a role as a polar aprotic solvent and an EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor.
Methyl cyanide is an aliphatic nitrile and a volatile organic compound.

Methyl cyanide has many uses, including as a solvent, for spinning fibers, and in lithium batteries.
Methyl cyanide is primarily found in air from automobile exhaust and manufacturing facilities.

Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure results in irritation of mucous membranes.
Chronic (long-term) exposure results in central nervous system effects, such as headaches, numbness, and tremors.

Methyl cyanide is a toxic, colorless liquid with an ether-like odor and a sweet, burnt taste.
Methyl cyanide is an extremely dangerous substance and must be handled with caution as Methyl cyanide can cause severe health effects and/or death.

Methyl cyanide is also known as cyanomethane, ethyl nitrile, ethanenitrile, methanecarbonitrile, acetronitrile cluster and Acetonitrile.
Methyl cyanide is easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames and gives off highly toxic hydrogen cyanide fumes when heated.

Methyl cyanide dissolves easily in water.
Methyl cyanide can react with water, steam or acids to produce flammable vapors that can form explosive mixtures when exposed to air.

The vapors are heavier than air and can travel to low or confined areas.
Containers of the liquid can explode when heated.

Methyl cyanide, an aliphatic nitrile, is widely used as an organic solvent and intermediate in organic syntheses.
Methyl cyanide is transparent to UV-visible light, which makes Methyl cyanide highly applicable in spectrophotometric and fluorimetric techniques.

MeCN is utilized as a mobile phase component in many chromatographic techniques, due to Methyl cyanides low viscosity, high elution strength and miscibility in water.
Methyl cyanide also plays a major role as an extractant medium in liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction or microextraction.

Considered the simplest organic nitrile, Methyl cyanide is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor.
Methyl cyanide is a hydrogen cyanide in which a methyl group has replaced the hydrogen.

Methyl cyanide is chemical formula is CH3CN and is a water-miscible polar aprotic solvent with several laboratory applications.
In particular, Methyl cyanide is a common mobile phase solvent in analytical and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Methyl cyanide is the simplest organic nitrile, miscible with water, methanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, ether, acetamide solutions, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene chloride and many unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Immiscible with many saturated hydrocarbons (petroleum fractions).

Methyl cyanide is used as a solvent to dissolve organic compounds, as an extracting agent to split hydrocarbons by extractive rectification, as a raw material for organic synthesis and also for production of vitamin B1, in textile industry and for extracting resins, fenols and colouring substances from hydrocarbons and oil. Also used in agrochemical field.
Methyl cyanide is used as a general purpose solvent for many compounds.

Methyl cyanide is used in the production of fibers, rubbers, and resins.
Methyl cyanide is replacing acrylonitrile, an important starting material in the manufacture of fabrics, plastics, and synthetic rubber.

Methyl cyanide is used as a chemical intermediate in pesticide, perfume and pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Methyl cyanide is used in high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis.
Methyl cyanide is used in extraction and refining of copper.

Methyl cyanide is a medium polarity solvent has low UV absorbance and is stable towards many types of organic reactions.
Methyl cyanide’s commonly used as an eluent for LC analysis and as a solvent/ diluent for biochemical reagents and reactions.

Methyl cyanide is the simplest organic nitrile, usually also called as Acetonitrile and methane.
Methyl cyanide is a colorless transparent liquid at room temperature.

Methyl cyanide is highly volatile, with special smell like ether, and flammable with flame burning brightly.
Methyl cyanide is mutually soluble in water, methanol, carbon tetrachloride, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ethylene dichloride, and many other non-saturated hydrocarbon solvents.

Methyl cyanide is toxic and can be metabolized into hydrogen cyanide and thiocyanate.
Methyl cyanide is a good solvent with excellent performance and is an important organic intermediate.

Methyl cyanide is also widely used as a polar aprotic solvent.
The biggest application of Methyl cyanide is as a solvent which can be used as the solvents for the synthesis of vitamin A, cortisone, carbon amine drugs and their intermediates solvent.

Methyl cyanide also used as an active medium solvent in the manufacture of vitamin B1 and amino acids.
Methyl cyanide can substitute chlorinated solvents as a vinyl coating, an extracting agent of fatty acid, a alcohol denaturant, the extracting agent of butadiene, and the solvent of acrylonitrile synthetic fibers.
Methyl cyanide also has a lot of applications in fabric dyeing, light industry, spice manufacturing, and photographic materials manufacturing.

Organic nitriles act as solvents and are reacted further for various application including:
Extraction solvent for fatty acids, oils and unsaturated hydrocarbons,
Solvent for spinning and casting and extractive distillation based on Methyl cyanide selective miscibility with organic compounds,
Removing agent of colouring matters and aromatic alcohols,
Non-aqueous solvent for titrations and for inorganic salts,
Recrystallization of steroids,
Parent compound for organic synthesis,
Solvent or chemical intermediate in biochemistry ( pesticide sequencing and DNA synthesis),
High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis,
Catalyst and component of transition-metal complex catalysts,
Stabilizer for chlorinated solvents,
Chemical intermediate and solvent for perfumes and pharmaceuticals.

Uses of Methyl Cyanide:
Methyl cyanide is the raw material for preparing orthoacetate.
Methyl cyanide is also used as the intermediate of producing DV-acid methyl ester and 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl-2,2-dimethyl cyclopropanecarboxylate.

Methyl cyanide can also be used as the raw materials of making pyrimidine derivatives which is the intermediate of sulfonylurea herbicides.
Moreover, Methyl cyanide can be used for making vitamin B1 in the field of pharmaceutical industry and as the extraction agent of C4 fraction in the synthetic rubber industry.

Methyl cyanide is used as nitrile rubber monomer.
Methyl cyanide is used for pharmaceutical industry and extraction of carbon IV.

As standard reference in chromatographic analysis
Also as solvent and stationary phase for gas chromatography.

Methyl cyanide is as a solvent such as solvents for butadiene extraction, solvent for synthetic fibers and solvents for some special paints.
In the oil industry, Methyl cyanide is used as the solvent for removing tar, phenol and other substances from petroleum hydrocarbons.

Methyl cyanide is also used as the solvent for extracting fatty acids from vegetable and animal oil in the fatty acid industry, and used as the reaction medium of the recrystallization of steroidal drugs in medicine industry.
The binary azeotropic mixtures of Methyl cyanide and water are often used when a polar solvent of high dielectric constant is demanded: containing 84% Methyl cyanide, boiling point: 76 °C.

Methyl cyanide is used as the intermediate of pharmaceutical (vitamin B1) and spices, as the raw materials for making the synergist of triazine nitrogenous fertilizer, and also as a denaturant for ethyl alcohol.
Moreover, Methyl cyanide can also be used for synthesizing ethylamine, acetic acid, etc., and have many applications in textile dyeing and light industry.

Methyl cyanide is used as the solvent of most inorganic compounds.
Methyl cyanide is also used as the solvent for spectrophotometric measurement, as a non-aqueous solvent, and as the diluents for determination of the carboxyl group.
Furthermore, Methyl cyanide is also applied in recrystallization of steroids and extraction of fatty acid, and also used as the solvents of High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Methyl cyanide is used to make pharmaceuticals, perfumes, rubber products, pesticides, acrylic nail removers and batteries.
Methyl cyanide is also used to extract fatty acids from animal and vegetable oils. Before working with Methyl cyanide, employee training should be provided on safe handling and storage procedures.

Methyl cyanide has many uses, including as a solvent, for spinning fibers, and in lithium batteries.
Methyl cyanide is primarily found in air from automobile exhaust and manufacturing facilities.

Methyl cyanide is predominantly used as a solvent in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, for spinning fibers and for casting and molding of plastic materials, in lithium batteries, for the extraction of fatty acids from animal and vegetable oils, and in chemical laboratories for the detection of materials such as pesticide residues.
Methyl cyanide is also used in dyeing textiles and in coating compositions as a stabilizer for chlorinated solvents and in perfume production as a chemical intermediate.

Methyl cyanide is a clear colorless liquid with a sweet ethereal odor.
Methyl cyanide has an odor threshold of 170 ppm.

Methyl cyanide is very soluble in water and is quite flammable.
Methyl cyanide is the simplest organic nitrile.

Methyl cyanide is a commonly used polar aprotic solvent for organic reactions and the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and perfumes; used as a mobile phase in HPLC; available in various reagent grades.
Methyl cyanide is used as a solvent in the production of vitamin B, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, pesticides, plastics and as a non-aqueous solvent for inorganic salts.
Methyl cyanide is also used in the photographic industry, in the extraction and refining of copper, in the textile industry, in lithium batteries, for the extraction of fatty acids from animal and vegetable oils, and in analytical chemistry laboratories.

Methyl cyanide is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN.
This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic).

Methyl cyanide is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture.
Methyl cyanide is used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and in the purification of butadiene.

The N≡C−C skeleton is linear with a short C≡N distance of 1.16 Å.
Methyl cyanide was first prepared in 1847 by the French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas.

Methyl cyanide is a versatile solvent and reagent in chemical laboratories and industrial applications.

Some of Methyl cyanide's key uses include:

Solvent in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Methyl cyanide is widely used as a mobile phase solvent in HPLC due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of compounds, Methyl cyanide's low UV absorbance, and its miscibility with water.
Methyl cyanide is favored in analytical chemistry for separating, identifying, and quantifying compounds in complex mixtures.

Solvent in Organic Synthesis:
In organic chemistry, Methyl cyanide is used as a polar aprotic solvent, meaning Methyl cyanide does not donate hydrogen bonds, making it ideal for reactions involving strong nucleophiles and electrophiles.

Methyl cyanide is particularly useful in:
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
Cycloadditions and Coupling Reactions

Starting Material for Chemical Synthesis:
Methyl cyanide serves as a precursor to many other chemicals.

For example:

Acrylonitrile:
Methyl cyanide can be hydrolyzed to produce acrylonitrile, an important monomer for producing plastics like polyacrylonitrile.

Pharmaceuticals:
Methyl cyanide is used as a starting material or solvent in the synthesis of various drugs and pharmaceutical intermediates.

Extraction Solvent:
Due to its miscibility with both water and organic solvents, Methyl cyanide is used as an extraction solvent in the purification of organic compounds.
Methyl cyanide is also employed in liquid-liquid extraction processes in both research and industry.

Electrolyte in Lithium Batteries:
Methyl cyanide is used as a solvent for the electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries.
Methyl cyanide's high dielectric constant and ability to dissolve lithium salts make it suitable for this application, contributing to the performance and efficiency of the batteries.

DNA and Protein Sequencing:
In molecular biology, Methyl cyanide is used in the sequencing of DNA and proteins.
Methyl cyanide is involved in the purification and concentration of samples in techniques like mass spectrometry, where it helps in the analysis of biomolecules.

Manufacture of Perfumes and Cosmetics:
Methyl cyanide is used in the production of perfumes and cosmetics as a solvent.
Methyl cyanide helps in dissolving fragrance oils and other ingredients, allowing for the formulation of various products.

Cleaning Agent:
Due to its solvent properties, Methyl cyanide is used as a cleaning agent, particularly in cleaning laboratory equipment, precision instruments, and electronics.
Methyl cyanide efficiently removes oils, greases, and other residues.

Industry Uses:
Methyl cyanide is imported to be used as a raw material in the manufacture of high purity Methyl cyanide (purification distillation process) for use as an extraction solvent.
Adsorbents and absorbents,
Functional fluids (closed systems),
Intermediates,
Laboratory chemicals,
Solvents (for cleaning and degreasing),
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture),
Pesticide production,
Pharmaceutical manufacture.

Consumer Uses:
Non-TSCA use,
Petrochemical,
Pharmaceutical,
Pesticide production.

Laboratory use:
Methyl cyanide is also used as a polar aprotic solvent.
In inorganic chemistry, Methyl cyanide is widely used as a ligand which is abbreviated MeCN.

For example, Methyl cyanide complex PdCl2 (MeCN)2 can be produced by thermal polymerization of palladium chloride in the suspension of Methyl cyanide.
The high dielectric constant of Methyl cyanide makes Methyl cyanide a popular cyclic voltammetry of solvents.
Methyl cyanide can also be used as a two-carbon raw material in organic synthesis.

Methyl cyanide can produce malononitrile via reaction with cyanogen chloride.
Methyl cyanide can also be used as the mobile phase molecules which are commonly used in the column chromatography, more modernized high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

In the field of nuclear medicine, Methyl cyanide is used for the synthesis of radiopharmaceutical like fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron (FDG).
During the synthesis of FDG, the evaporation of Methyl cyanide can take away the water in the reaction system.

The exact content of Methyl cyanide in the reaction system plays a significant role in ensuring the synthesis efficiency and quality of medicines; at the same time, Methyl cyanide is also sued as the solvent and the matrix for the reaction system.
In addition, in the routine quality inspection of FDG, Methyl cyanide: water mixture (for example, 85% v/v) is also applied as the mobile phase of TLC.

Applications of Methyl Cyanide:
Methyl cyanide is used mainly as a solvent in the purification of butadiene in refineries.
Specifically, Methyl cyanide is fed into the top of a distillation column filled with hydrocarbons including butadiene, and as the Methyl cyanide falls down through the column, Methyl cyanide absorbs the butadiene which is then sent from the bottom of the tower to a second separating tower.

Heat is then employed in the separating tower to separate the butadiene.
In the laboratory, Methyl cyanide is used as a medium-polarity solvent that is miscible with water and a range of organic solvents, but not saturated hydrocarbons.

Methyl cyanide has a convenient liquid range and a high dielectric constant of 38.8.
With a dipole moment of 3.92 D, Methyl cyanide dissolves a wide range of ionic and nonpolar compounds and is useful as a mobile phase in HPLC and LC–MS.

Methyl cyanide is widely used in battery applications because of Methyl cyanide relatively high dielectric constant and ability to dissolve electrolytes.
For similar reasons Methyl cyanide is a popular solvent in cyclic voltammetry.
Methyl cyanide is ultraviolet transparency UV cutoff, low viscosity and low chemical reactivity make Methyl cyanide a popular choice for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Methyl cyanide plays a significant role as the dominant solvent used in the manufacture of DNA oligonucleotides from monomers.
Industrially, Methyl cyanide is used as a solvent for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and photographic film.

Organic synthesis:
Methyl cyanide is a common two-carbon building block in organic synthesis of many useful chemicals, including acetamidine hydrochloride, thiamine, and α-napthaleneacetic acid.
Methyl cyanides reaction with cyanogen chloride affords malononitrile.

As an electron pair donor:
Methyl cyanide has a free electron pair at the nitrogen atom, which can form many transition metal nitrile complexes.
Being weakly basic, Methyl cyanide is an easily displaceable ligand.

For example, bis(Methyl cyanide)palladium dichloride is prepared by heating a suspension of palladium chloride in Methyl cyanide:
PdCl2 + 2 CH3CN → PdCl2(CH3CN)2
A related complex is [Cu(CH3CN)4]+.

The CH3CN groups in these complexes are rapidly displaced by many other ligands.
Methyl cyanide also forms Lewis adducts with group 13 Lewis acids like boron trifluoride.
In superacids, Methyl cyanide is possible to protonate Methyl cyanide.

Production of Methyl Cyanide:
Methyl cyanide is a byproduct from the manufacture of acrylonitrile.
Most is combusted to support the intended process but an estimated several thousand tons are retained for the above-mentioned applications.

Production trends for Methyl cyanide thus generally follow those of acrylonitrile.
Methyl cyanide can also be produced by many other methods, but these are of no commercial importance as of 2002.

Illustrative routes are by dehydration of acetamide or by hydrogenation of mixtures of carbon monoxide and ammonia.
In 1992, 14,700 tonnes (32,400,000 lb) of Methyl cyanide were produced in the US.

Chemical Structure of Methyl Cyanide:
Methyl cyanide consists of a methyl group (-CH₃) attached to a cyano group (-CN).
The carbon-nitrogen triple bond in the cyano group makes Methyl cyanide a polar molecule, which contributes to Methyl cyanide's solvent properties.

Chemical Properties of Methyl Cyanide:
Methyl cyanide is very soluble in water.
Methyl cyanide mixes with most organic solvents, e.g. alcohols, esters, acetone, ether, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and many unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Methyl cyanide does not mix with petroleum ether and many saturated hydrocarbons.
Methyl cyanide is incompatible with water, acids, bases, oleum, perchlorates, nitrating agents, reducing agents and alkali metals.

Methyl cyanide decomposes on contact with acids, water and steam, producing toxic fumes and flammable vapour.
Methyl cyanide reacts with strong oxidants such as nitric acid, chromic acid and sodium peroxide, causing fire and explosion hazards.

Methyl cyanide forms toxic fumes of hydrogen cyanide and nitrogen oxides on combustion.
Methyl cyanide attacks some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings.

Methyl cyanide is a solvent also known as Acetonitrile, cyanomethane, and ethanenitrile.
Methyl cyanide is colorless, volatile (bp 82 °C), flammable (flash point 2 °C), and toxic.

Methyl cyanide is miscible with water and most organic solvents except for some saturated hydrocarbons.
Methyl cyanide is stable under conditions of normal use.
Methyl cyanide is incompatible with acids, bases, nitrating agents, nitrogenfluorine compounds, oxidizers, perchlorates and sulfites.

Methyl cyanide is a by-product of acrylonitrile manufacture.
Methyl cyanide may also be formed by the combustion of wood and vegetation.

Methyl cyanide is a liquid with an ether-like odour.
Methyl cyanide is a volatile, highly polar solvent used to extract fatty acids and animal and vegetable oils.

Methyl cyanide is used in the petrochemical industry in extractive distillation based on Methyl cyanide selective miscibility with organic compounds.
Methyl cyanide is used as a solvent for spinning synthetic fibres and in casting and moulding plastics.
In laboratories, Methyl cyanide is widely used in high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis and as a solvent for DNA synthesis and peptide sequencing.

Methyl cyanide is widely used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry for the formation of drugs.
Methyl cyanide is also used for spinning fibers and molding and casting of plastic materials.

Methyl cyanide is also used in lithium batteries, fatty acids extraction from animal and vegetable oils, and in the detection of materials, e.g., pesticide residues in the chemical industries.
Methyl cyanide is also used to dye fabric and coat compositions.
Methyl cyanide also serves as a chemical intermediate in perfume production.

Methyl cyanide is widely used in lithium batteries, as a solvent, and for spinning fibers.
The polar nature of Methyl cyanide makes Methyl cyanide a solvent for other organic compounds, and Methyl cyanide high boiling point makes it ideal for allowing chemical reactions at even elevated temperatures.

Methyl cyanide is primarily found in automobile and industrial exhaust.
Short-term inhalation exposure can cause mucous membrane irritation.

While, long-term exposure may cause headaches, tremors, and numbness.
Methyl cyanide is used as a solvent for organic synthesis for a variety of purposes including pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and fine chemicals.

Handling and Storage of Methyl Cyanide:

Handling:

Precautions:
Handle Methyl cyanide in a well-ventilated area, preferably under a chemical fume hood, to avoid inhalation of vapors.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Use appropriate PPE such as gloves, safety goggles, and lab coats.

Incompatibilities:
Avoid contact with strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reducing agents, as Methyl cyanide may react violently with these substances.

Hygiene Measures:
Wash hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling Methyl cyanide.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke when handling the chemical.

Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Methyl cyanide in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep the container tightly closed when not in use.
Store away from sources of ignition, heat, and direct sunlight.

Segregation:
Store away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizing agents and bases.
Keep away from food and drink.

Containers:
Use containers made of materials compatible with Methyl cyanide, such as stainless steel or glass.
Ensure that storage containers are properly labeled.

Stability and Reactivity of Methyl Cyanide:

Stability:

Chemical Stability:
Methyl cyanide is generally stable under normal conditions of storage and use.
Methyl cyanide does not readily decompose at room temperature.

Shelf Life:
Methyl cyanide has a relatively long shelf life if stored under recommended conditions.

Reactivity:

Incompatible Materials:
Methyl cyanide reacts with strong acids, strong bases, oxidizing agents, and reducing agents.
Methyl cyanide can form explosive mixtures with air at high temperatures.

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Decomposition of Methyl cyanide can produce toxic gases such as hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides.

Hazardous Reactions:

Polymerization:
Methyl cyanide does not undergo hazardous polymerization.

Fire Risk:
In the presence of an ignition source, Methyl cyanide vapors can form explosive mixtures with air.

First Aid Measures of Methyl Cyanide:

General Advice:

Remove the affected person from the exposure area and provide fresh air.
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist or are severe.

Inhalation:
If inhaled, move the person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen.

If the person is not breathing, perform artificial respiration.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Skin Contact:
In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Rinse the affected skin area with plenty of water and soap for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention if irritation develops.

Eye Contact:
If Methyl cyanide comes into contact with the eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids occasionally.
Seek medical attention if irritation or vision problems persist.

Ingestion:
If swallowed, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.
If the person is conscious, give them water to dilute the chemical.

Firefighting Measures of Methyl Cyanide:

Flammability:
Methyl cyanide is highly flammable with a flashpoint of around 2 °C (35.6 °F).

Extinguishing Media:
Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide (CO₂), or alcohol-resistant foam to extinguish fires involving Methyl cyanide.
Water spray can also be used to cool fire-exposed containers.

Special Hazards:
In the event of a fire, Methyl cyanide can produce toxic and irritating gases such as hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides.
Vapors may travel considerable distances to an ignition source and flash back.

Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
Firefighters should wear full protective gear, including a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), to avoid inhalation of toxic fumes.

Firefighting Instructions:
Cool containers with water spray to prevent rupture due to heat.
Keep people away from the fire and upwind to avoid inhalation of fumes.

Accidental Release Measures of Methyl Cyanide:

Personal Precautions:
Evacuate non-essential personnel from the area.
Ventilate the area well.

Avoid breathing vapors and prevent skin and eye contact.
Wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, goggles, and a respirator if needed.

Environmental Precautions:
Prevent the chemical from entering drains, watercourses, or soil.
Contain the spill to prevent environmental contamination.

Containment and Cleanup:

Small spills:
Absorb the spill with inert materials (e.g., sand, earth, vermiculite) and place Methyl cyanide in a suitable container for disposal.

Large spills:
Dike the area to contain the spill.
Use water spray to reduce vapors, but avoid water runoff.
Dispose of the waste material according to local regulations.

Decontamination:
Clean the spill area thoroughly with soap and water after the bulk of the spill has been removed.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protective Equipment of Methyl Cyanide:

Exposure Limits:
OSHA PEL: 40 ppm (70 mg/m³)
NIOSH REL: 20 ppm (34 mg/m³)
ACGIH TLV: 20 ppm (34 mg/m³)

Engineering Controls:
Use Methyl cyanide in a well-ventilated area, such as a fume hood, to keep airborne concentrations below the recommended exposure limits.
Ensure that local exhaust ventilation is used where possible.

Personal Protective Equipment:

Respiratory Protection:
If exposure limits are exceeded, use an approved respirator with organic vapor cartridges.
In case of inadequate ventilation, use a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Skin Protection:
Wear chemical-resistant gloves, such as those made from butyl rubber, nitrile, or Viton, to prevent skin contact.
Consider using additional protective clothing if extensive contact is possible.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect against splashes and vapors.

Body Protection:
Wear protective clothing, such as a lab coat, apron, or coveralls, to protect against spills and splashes.

Hygiene Measures:
Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling Methyl cyanide, especially before eating, drinking, or smoking.
Do not reuse contaminated clothing; wash or dispose of Methyl cyanide properly.

Identifiers of Methyl Cyanide:
IUPAC Name: Methyl cyanide
Common Name: Methyl cyanide
Chemical Formula: CH₃CN
Molecular Weight: 41.05 g/mol

CAS Number: 75-05-8
EC Number (EINECS): 200-835-2
UN Number: 1648 (for transport of hazardous material)
PubChem CID: 6342
RTECS Number: AL7700000

Properties of Methyl Cyanide:
Molecular Formula: CH₃CN
Molar Mass: 41.05 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Sweet, ether-like odor
Density: 0.786 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Melting Point: −45 °C
Boiling Point: 81.6 °C
Viscosity: 0.36 cP at 25 °C
Surface Tension: 29.32 mN/m at 20 °C
Refractive Index: 1.3441 at 20 °C
Vapor Pressure: 88.8 mmHg at 20 °C
Vapor Density: 1.42 (relative to air)
Flash Point: 2 °C (35.6 °F) (closed cup)
Autoignition Temperature: 524 °C (975 °F)
Solubility in Water: Miscible (fully soluble in water)
Partition Coefficient (log P): -0.34

Melting Point: -48°C
Boiling Point: 82°c
Specific Gravity: 0.786
Vapour Density: 1.41

Formula: C2H3N / CH3CN
Molecular mass: 41.0
Boiling point: 82°C
Melting point: -46°C
Relative density (water = 1): 0.8
Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20°C: 1390 (very good)
Vapour pressure, kPa at 25°C: 9.9
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 1.4
Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20°C (air = 1): 1.04
Flash point: 2°C c.c.
Auto-ignition temperature: 524°C
Explosive limits, vol% in air: 3.0-17
Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: -0.3
Viscosity: 0.35 cP at 20°C