MORPHOLINE

CAS: 110-91-8
EC NUMARASI: 203-815-1

Synonyms :
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine;Dieilamite oxide,;Diethylenimide Oksit oxazinane tetrahidro oksazin;morpholine;morpholine hydrochloride;morpholine hydroiodide;morpholine phosphate;morpholine phosphate (3:1);morpholine phosphonate (1:1);morpholine sulfite (1:1)morpholine;MORPHOLINE;110-91-8;Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine;1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;Diethylene oximide;Diethylenimide oxide;Diethyleneimide oxide;Diethylene imidoxide;Drewamine;p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-;Tetrahydro-p-oxazine;Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;morpholin;Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine;BASF 238;Caswell No. 584;2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;NSC 9376;UNII-8B2ZCK305O;CCRIS 2482;HSDB 102;EINECS 203-815-1;UN2054;EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701;BRN 0102549;AI3-01231;CHEBI:34856;YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N;MFCD00005972;DSSTox_CID_5688;DSSTox_RID_77880;DSSTox_GSID_25688;CAS-110-91-8;morpholine-;Morpholine, 4-soya alkyl derivs.;1,4-oxazinane;EINECS 263-172-8;MP Morpholine resin;MORPHOLINE,REAG;4H-1, tetrahydro-;PubChem15002;Morpholine Reagent Grade;MORPHOLINE, PRACT;AC1Q1IAD;AC1Q1IBT;Morpholine, polymer-bound;WLN: T6M DOTJ;NCIMech_000154;NCIOpen2_007748;Oprea1_317540;Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine;Morpholine, 99% 100g;4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference);KSC175A0J;BIDD:ER0297;ACMC-20997q;Morpholine, analytical standard;MP Morpholinomethyl polystyrene;8B2ZCK305O;AC1L1Q85;CHEMBL276518;DTXSID2025688;CTK0H5004;58464-45-2 (hydriodide);NSC9376;MolPort-000-871-528;10024-89-2 (hydrochloride);BDBM140983;LTBB000400;StratoSpheres™ PL-MPH resin;NSC-9376;STR00194;ZINC1699948;Tox21_202450;Tox21_303240;ANW-16212;AKOS000118829;Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%;Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%;MCULE-4684386765;NA 2054;NE10420;RP18481;RP18482;RTR-002202;TRA0022240;UN 2054;63079-67-4 (unspecified phosphate);ScavengePore™ phenethyl morpholine;NCGC00249227-01;NCGC00256942-01;NCGC00259999-01;34668-73-0 (phosphate[3:1]);61791-40-0;76088-23-8 (sulfite[1:1]);AJ-30422;AN-43037;HE027239;HE295419;KB-55086;Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid];SC-19088;Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%;DB-030063;Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid];TR-002202;FT-0628991;FT-0628996;FT-0658854;M0465;1031-EP2269992A1;1031-EP2269993A1;1031-EP2270004A1;1031-EP2270006A1;1031-EP2270010A1;1031-EP2270113A1;1031-EP2272509A1;1031-EP2272517A1;1031-EP2272813A2;1031-EP2272817A1;1031-EP2272827A1;1031-EP2272832A1;1031-EP2272834A1;1031-EP2272835A1;1031-EP2272839A1;1031-EP2272840A1;1031-EP2272841A1;1031-EP2272844A1;1031-EP2272848A1;1031-EP2272849A1;1031-EP2272935A1;1031-EP2272972A1;1031-EP2272973A1;1031-EP2274983A1;1031-EP2275102A1;1031-EP2275395A2;1031-EP2275401A1;1031-EP2275403A1;1031-EP2275404A1;1031-EP2275410A1;1031-EP2275411A2;1031-EP2275413A1;1031-EP2275422A1;1031-EP2277848A1;1031-EP2277858A1;1031-EP2277872A1;1031-EP2277877A1;1031-EP2277880A1;1031-EP2277881A1;1031-EP2280001A1;1031-EP2280004A1;1031-EP2280005A1;1031-EP2280006A1;1031-EP2280008A2;1031-EP2280009A1;1031-EP2280020A1;1031-EP2280021A1;1031-EP2281563A1;1031-EP2281813A1;1031-EP2281815A1;1031-EP2281818A1;1031-EP2281821A1;1031-EP2281822A1;1031-EP2284149A1;1031-EP2284157A1;1031-EP2284159A1;1031-EP2284160A1;1031-EP2284178A2;1031-EP2284179A2;1031-EP2286811A1;1031-EP2287147A2;1031-EP2287156A1;1031-EP2287157A1;1031-EP2287159A1;1031-EP2287167A1;1031-EP2289868A1;1031-EP2289871A1;1031-EP2289884A1;1031-EP2289887A2;1031-EP2289888A2;1031-EP2289894A2;1031-EP2292228A1;1031-EP2292586A2;1031-EP2292592A1;1031-EP2292593A2;1031-EP2292606A1;1031-EP2292610A1;1031-EP2292611A1;1031-EP2292615A1;1031-EP2295402A2;1031-EP2295409A1;1031-EP2295411A1;1031-EP2295415A1;1031-EP2295426A1;1031-EP2295427A1;1031-EP2295429A1;1031-EP2295432A1;1031-EP2295433A2;1031-EP2295439A1;1031-EP2298312A1;1031-EP2298731A1;1031-EP2298735A1;1031-EP2298743A1;1031-EP2298761A1;1031-EP2298763A1;1031-EP2298766A1;1031-EP2298767A1;1031-EP2298772A1;1031-EP2298776A1;1031-EP2298778A1;1031-EP2301534A1;1031-EP2301536A1;1031-EP2301538A1;1031-EP2301627A1;1031-EP2301928A1;1031-EP2301929A1;1031-EP2301933A1;1031-EP2301935A1;1031-EP2301937A1;1031-EP2302132A1;1031-EP2305219A1;1031-EP2305250A1;1031-EP2305629A1;1031-EP2305633A1;1031-EP2305648A1;1031-EP2305651A1;1031-EP2305652A2;1031-EP2305672A1;1031-EP2305674A1;1031-EP2305675A1;1031-EP2305677A1;1031-EP2305679A1;1031-EP2305682A1;1031-EP2305687A1;1031-EP2305695A2;1031-EP2305696A2;1031-EP2305697A2;1031-EP2305698A2;1031-EP2308479A2;1031-EP2308509A1;1031-EP2308510A1;1031-EP2308562A2;1031-EP2308812A2;1031-EP2308833A2;1031-EP2308838A1;1031-EP2308839A1;1031-EP2308840A1;1031-EP2308849A1;1031-EP2308850A1;1031-EP2308854A1;1031-EP2308857A1;1031-EP2308861A1;1031-EP2308867A2;1031-EP2308868A1;1031-EP2308870A2;1031-EP2308879A1;1031-EP2308880A1;1031-EP2309584A1;1031-EP2311451A1;1031-EP2311455A1;1031-EP2311464A1;1031-EP2311796A1;1031-EP2311797A1;1031-EP2311798A1;1031-EP2311799A1;1031-EP2311802A1;1031-EP2311803A1;1031-EP2311808A1;1031-EP2311810A1;1031-EP2311815A1;1031-EP2311825A1;1031-EP2311827A1;1031-EP2311829A1;1031-EP2311842A2;1031-EP2314295A1;1031-EP2314574A1;1031-EP2314575A1;1031-EP2314586A1;1031-EP2314587A1;1031-EP2314588A1;1031-EP2314590A1;1031-EP2316450A1;1031-EP2316459A1;1031-EP2316470A2;1031-EP2316831A1;1031-EP2316832A1;1031-EP2316833A1;1031-EP2316974A1;1031-EP2371811A2;1031-EP2371831A1;1031-EP2372804A1;1031-EP2374454A1;1031-EP2378585A1;1031-EP2380872A1;1031-EP2380874A2;C14452;59619-EP2275422A1;59619-EP2292589A1;59619-EP2295436A1;59619-EP2295439A1;59619-EP2298076A1;59619-EP2298077A1;59619-EP2298305A1;59619-EP2298762A2;59619-EP2301353A1;59619-EP2305031A1;59619-EP2305034A1;59619-EP2305035A1;59619-EP2308852A1;59619-EP2371823A1;Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%;US8916553, 419;I14-2694;J-522715;F2190-0339;I14-113943;InChI=1/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-25-1/h5H,1-4H;138048-80-3;147366-31-2;6LR;854893-20-2;88542-81-8;96122-95-1;99108-56-2;Morpholine, polymer-bound, 200-400 mesh, extent of labeling: 2.75-3.25 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked ScavengePore(TM) phenethyl morpholine, macroporous, 40-70 mesh, extent of labeling: 0.7-1.5 mmol/g loading StratoSpheres(TM) PL-MPH resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 3.0-4.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked;110-91-8 [RN];203-815-1 [EINECS];MFCD00005972 [MDL number];Morfolina [Italian];Morfolina [Portuguese];Morpholin [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name];Morpholine [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki];Morpholine [French] [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name];UNII:8B2ZCK305O;???????? [Russian];????? [Chinese];?? [Chinese];??? [Chinese];102549 [Beilstein];147366-31-2 [RN];1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;342611-02-3 [RN];4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) [Beilstein];4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;61791-40-0 [RN];88542-81-8 [RN];96122-95-1 [RN];99108-56-2 [RN];Diethylene imidoxide;Diethylene oximide;Diethyleneimide oxide;diethylenimide oxide;Drewamine;EINECS 203-815-1;EINECS 263-172-8;Oprea1_317540;p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-;ST5213815;T6M DOTJ [WLN];Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine;Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine;Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine;Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine;Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine;Tetrahydro-P-isoxazine;Tetrahydro-p-oxazine;Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;UN 2054;UNII-8B2ZCK305O;WLN: T6M DOTJ1,4-Oxazinan;Morpholine;MORPHOLINE,ACS;1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine;p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-; BASF 238; Diethylene Imidoxide; Diethylene oximide; Diethylenimide oxide; Tetrahydro-p-oxazine; Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine; 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane; 2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-; 4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-; Diethyleneimide oxide; Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine; Drewamine; NA 2054; UN 2054; NSC 9376;Diethyleneimide oxide; Diethylene imidoxide; Diethylene oximide; Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-p-oxazine ;BASF 238;DIETHYLENE IMIDOXIDE;DIETHYLENE OXIMIDE;DIETHYLENEIMIDE OXIDE;DIETHYLENIMIDE OXIDE;DIEYTHYLENE OXIMIDE;DREWAMINE;2H-1,4-OXAZINE, TETRAHYDRO-;4H-1,4-OXAZINE, TETRAHYDRO-;MORPHOLINE;1-OXA-4-AZACYCLOHEXANE;P-ISOXAZINE, TETRAHYDRO-;TETRAHYDRO-1,4-OXAZINE;TETRAHYDRO-2H-1, 4-OXAZINE;TETRAHYDRO-2H-1,4-OXAZINE;TETRAHYDRO-P-OXAZINE;tetrahydro-1,4-Oxazine;1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;C4H9NO;Diethylene imidoxide;Diethylene oximide;Diethyleneimide oxide;Diethylenimide oxide;Drewamine;Morpholine ON rasta resin;Morpholine, 4-soya alkyl derivs.;Morpholine, pract;Morpholine,reag;tetrahydro-1, 4-Isoxazine;tetrahydro-1,4-Isoxazine;tetrahydro-2H-1,4-Oxazine;tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine;tetrahydro-4H-1-4-Oxazine;tetrahydro-P-Isoxazine;tetrahydro-P-Oxazine;tetryhydro-2H-1,4-Oxazine;Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine / 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;Morpholine-4-Carboxylic Acid (1-(3-Benzenesulfonyl-1-Phenethylallylcarbamoyl)-3-Methylbutyl)-Amide;Morpholine; p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-; BASF 238; Diethylene Imidoxide; Diethylene oximide; Diethylenimide oxide; Tetrahydro-p-oxazine; Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine; 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane; 2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-; 4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-; Diethyleneimide oxide; Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine; Drewamine; NA 1760; NA 2054; Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;basf238;NA 2054;BASF 238;Drewamine;MORPHOLIN;Morpholine;1,4-Oxazinan;Morpholine (B);MORPHOLINE, ACS;Morpholine ,98%;4-(5-Nitropyridin-2-yl)morpholine 2-MORPHOLIN-4-YL-PYRIMIDINE-5-CARBALDEHYDE 4-MORPHOLINOBENZYLAMINE 6-MORPHOLINONICOTINALDEHYDE ETHYL 2-AMINO-4-METHYLTHIOPHENE-3-CARBOXYLATE ETHYL 3-PYRIDYLACETATE MORPHOLIN-4-YL-ACETIC ACID 6-MORPHOLINONICOTINOYL CHLORIDE 6-MORPHOLINONICOTINIC ACID 2-MORPHOLINOBENZOIC ACID 2-MORPHOLIN-4-YL-ISONICOTINIC ACID 4-MORPHOLINECARBOXAMIDINE 4-Acryloylmorpholine 2-AMINO-6-METHYL-4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDRO-BENZO[B]THIOPHENE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID ETHYL ESTER 4-(MORPHOLINE-4-SULFONYL)-PHENYLAMINE 2-CHLORO-3-(4-MORPHOLINYL)QUINOXALINE Methyl 3-(morpholinomethyl)benzoate ,98% 3-Amino-6-morpholinopyridine 2-AMINO-1-MORPHOLIN-4-YL-ETHANONE HCL 1-(4-AMINO-2,6-DICHLOROPHENOXY)-3-MORPHOLINOPROPAN-2-OL 2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole 4-Morpholinophenylboronic acid Adefovir dipivoxil 6-MORPHOLINONICOTINOHYDRAZIDE 6-MORPHOLINONICOTINONITRILE MORPHOLINE-4-CARBOTHIOAMIDE 3-MORPHOLINOPHENOL 1-[2-(MORPHOLIN-4-YL)-ETHYL]-PIPERAZINE 4-(Morpholinomethyl)aniline 2-(CHLOROMETHYL)-5-METHYLTHIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4(3H)-ONE (6-MORPHOLINO-3-PYRIDINYL)METHANOL 4-Methylmorpholine N-oxide monohydrate 3-Morpholinobenzaldehyde 2-(MORPHOLINE-4-CARBONYL)-BENZOIC ACID 4-(3-MORPHOLINOPROPOXY)-3,5-DICHLOROBENZENAMINE N-Formylmorpholine 4-Bromophenethyl alcohol 5-BROMO-2-(MORPHOLIN-4-YL)PYRIMIDINE 4-(2-MORPHOLINOETHOXY)-3,5-DICHLOROBENZENAMINE;Dimethylmorpholine; 4-MORPHOLINOACETOPHENONE ;4-MORPHOLINOBENZOPHENONE; 4-MORPHOLINECARBONITRILE ;1-(4-Fluorophenyl)piperazine ;3-MORPHOLINO-1,2-PROPANEDIOL 4-[2-(PIPERAZIN-1-YL)-ACETYL]-MORPHOLINE Morpholine ;2,2,2-TRIBROMOETHYL PHOSPHOROMORPHOLINOCHLORIDATE ;N-Acetylmorpholine N-(1-Cyclohexen-1-yl)morpholine N-(1-Cyclopenten-1-yl)morpholine ;4-METHYL-1-OXA-4-AZACYCLOHEXANE; 3-(4-MORPHOLINO)PROPIONITRILE N-Aminomorpholine ;4-Phenylmorpholine ;N-Formylmorpholine ;N-Ethylmorpholine1,4-Oxazinan 1,4-oxazine,tetrahydro- 2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro- 4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro- ;BASF 238; basf238 ;Diethylenimide oxide diethylenimideoxide Drewamine morpholine,aqueousmixture,[corrosivelabel] morpholine,aqueousmixture,[flammableliquidlabel] NA 2054 p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro- Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine Tetrahydro-1,4-oxadine Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin tetrahydro-2h-4-oxazine tetrahydro-4h-1,4-oxazine tetrahydro-4h-4-oxazine tetrahydro-p-isoxazin Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine AKOS BBS-00003660 Alphabetic Analytical Chromatography Product Catalog Analytical Reagents Analytical Standards Building Blocks 110-91-8 LABOTEST-BB LTBB000400 DIETHYLENEIMIDE OXIDE DIETHYLENE OXIMIDE DIETHYLENE IMIDOXIDE General Use Heterocyclic Building Blocks Morpholines METI - MZ Puriss p.a. ACS MORPHOLINE ON RASTA RESIN MORPHOLIN TETRAHYDRO-P-OXAZINE TETRAHYDRO-1,4-OXAZINE TETRAHYDRO-2H-1,4-OXAZINE Morpholine 99+ % morpholine sigmaultra MORPHOLINE, STANDARD FOR GC MORPHOLINE 99+% A.C.S. REAGENT MORPHOLINE, ACS MORPHOLINE, REDISTILLED, 99.5+% MORPHOLINE REAGENTPLUS(TM) >=99% MORPHOLINE, REAGENTPLUS, >=99% MORPHOLINE PESTANAL, 250 MG MORPHOLINE GC STANDARD MORPHOLINE [C4 H9 N O] Morpholine, extra pure, 99+% Morpholine, for analysis ACS, 99+% MORPHOLINE REAGENT (ACS) C4H9ON Diethyleneimide oxide, 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;Diethylene imidoxide; Diethylene oximide; 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane; Tetrahydro-1, 4-oxazine;Diethyleneimide oxide; tetrahydro-p-isoxazine; MOR; Morpholine;Diethylenimide Oxide, 1,4-oxazinane, tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine, Diethylene imidoxide, Diethylene oximide, Tetrahydro-p-oxazine,Morpholin.;MORFOLIN;morfolın;MORFOLİN;morfolin;MORPHOLINE;morpholıne;MORPHOLİNE;morpholine; mor folin; morfoline; morpholin; morpholıne

Morpholine

Morpholine is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH. This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups. Because of the amine, morpholine is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium. For example, treating morpholine with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride. The naming of morpholine is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.[5]

Production
Morpholine is often produced industrially by the dehydration of diethanolamine with sulfuric acid:[6]

Morpholine from DEA.png
Uses
Industrial applications
Morpholine is a common additive, in parts per million concentrations, for pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems. Morpholine is used because its volatility is about the same as water, so once it is added to the water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases. Its pH-adjusting qualities then become distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection. Morpholine is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants. Morpholine decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.

Organic synthesis
Morpholine undergoes most chemical reactions typical for other secondary amines, though the presence of the ether oxygen withdraws electron density from the nitrogen, rendering it less nucleophilic (and less basic) than structurally similar secondary amines such as piperidine. For this reason, it forms a stable chloramine.[7]

It is commonly used to generate enamines.[8]

Morpholine is widely used in organic synthesis. For example, it is a building block in the preparation of the antibiotic linezolid, the anticancer agent gefitinib (Iressa) and the analgesic dextromoramide.

In research and in industry, the low cost and polarity of morpholine lead to its common use as a solvent for chemical reactions.

Agriculture
As a fruit coating
Morpholine is used as a chemical emulsifier in the process of waxing fruit. Naturally, fruits make waxes to protect against insects and fungal contamination, but this can be lost as the fruit is cleaned. A small amount of new wax is applied to replace it. Morpholine is used as an emulsifier and solubility aid for shellac, which is used as a wax for fruit coating.[9] The European Union has forbidden the use of morpholine in fruit coating.[10][11]

As a component in fungicides
Morpholine derivatives used as agricultural fungicides in cereals are known as ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors.

Amorolfine
Fenpropimorph
Tridemorph
EC NUMBER: 203-815-1

Appearance: Transparent liquid
Molecular formula: 2NH. O (CH2CH2)
Humidity: 0.5% max
Boiling range (5- 95%) 0C: 126-129 0C
Boiling point: 128.3 ºC
Freezing point: - 4.9 0C
Viscosity (200 C): 2.3 Cp
Lower explosion limit% (V / V): 1.8
Heat capacity (Cp): 173.89 J / (mol · K)

MORFOLINE is a light, viscous, oily liquid, colorless and transparent raw material with a unique amine odor.
 
It is used in many industrial areas, especially in water treatments. It is used as a good metal corrosion protector.

General Information of Morpholine
Morpholine, which has the chemical formula O (CH2CH2) 2NH, is a hygroscopic, weakly basic, oily, slightly aromatic volatile liquid and mixes with many organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethers, BTX (used as a solvent of its own). It decomposes by giving toxic nitrogen oxides with heat and gives strong reactions with strong oxidations, resulting in danger of fire, and attacks copper and copper compounds. Solubility in alkaline solutions is limited.

Production and Reactions of Morpholine

Diethylene glycol can be prepared by reductive amination with hydrogen. Ammonia can be prepared by heating bis (chloroethyl) ether with a strong acid dehydrogenation of the diethanol amine

Usage areas of Morpholine

Water of Morpholine

Corrosion inhibitors are also used as intermediates in the steam boiler water treatment systems and in aqueous hydraulic fluids to protect metals from corrosion and dulling (darkening) with acid vapors.

Detergent of Morpholine
It is used as an additive in optical brighteners for chlorine bleaching for use in detergents.

Cosmetic of Morpholine
Is used in fatty acid salts for water-resistant emulsifiers and plasticizer formulations in cosmetic products. It is also used as an intermediate in quaternary morpholinium salts for hair conditioners and deodorant products.

Medicine of Morpholine
Drugs (analgesics, locust anesthetics, antibiotics, antimycotics and antiplat) are used as intermediates in the production of products.

Morpholine is a weaker base. The melting point is -5 ° C and the boiling point is 129 ° C. The density is 0.999 g / mL. A hygroscopic liquid, morpholine can be mixed with water and many organic solvents. A characteristic amine smell
It has. Under normal conditions, morpholine, which is highly stable, decomposes at the end of the overheating and ignites when it forms nitrogen oxide, entering into severe reaction with strong oxidants. It is a very stable and useful molecule.
Used as a solution for resins and paints. Alkyl derivatives are used as catalysts in the production of polyurethane foams. There are many more uses in the industry including food industry.

Experimental Properties of Morpholine
Physical Description of Morpholine
MORPHOLINE is a colorless liquid with a fishlike odor. Flash point 100°F. Corrosive to tissue. Less dense than water and soluble in water. Vapors heavier than air. Used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents.

Morpholine, CAS Number 110-91-8, is a colorless, mobile, hygroscopic liquid with a characteristic amine-like odor. It is completely miscible with water and a large number of organic solvents, and is itself a solvent for a large variety of organic materials, including resins, dyes, waxes,shellac, and casein.Morpholine is an extremely versatile chemical with many important applications. It is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners. It is also used extensively as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems.Fatty acid derivatives of morpholine are used as emulsifiers in the manufacture of waxes and polishes.Other derivatives have found applications as bactericides,pharmaceutical chemicals, and antioxidants for lubricating oils. Morpholine derivatives are particularly useful in the textile industry, where they are employed as textile lubricants and sizing emulsifiers.Chemically, morpholine is an amino ether. The ether function of the molecule is typically inert and most of the reactions of morpholine involve the secondary amine group.

Catalysts of Morpholine
Morpholine has been employed as a catalyst for the condensation of aldehydes and ketones which contain active methyl or methylene groups. The condensates may
be hydrogenated to polyhydroxy compounds which can be sulfated to form surface-active agents.Small quantities of morpholine are used in the emulsion polymerization of monomers, such as butadiene and isoprene, as well as their copolymerization with styrene,acrylonitrile, and the like.Morpholine has been used as a temperature sensitive polymerization inhibitor. Small amounts permit complete impregnation of porous materials with molten vinylpyrroletype monomers just above their melting points, but still allow complete polymerization at slightly higher temperatures.Morpholine has also been used as a gelling agent in the preparation of alumina catalysts for the treatment of hydrocarbons. Catalysts of fine particle size suitable for fluidized solid techniques result from this procedure.

Morpholine is a permitted (FDA) in edible coatings for fruit and vegetables. Morpholine is a food contaminant arising from its use as a boiler water additive Morpholine is a common additive, in ppm concentrations, for pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems. Morpholine is used because its volatility is about the same as water, so once it is added to the water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases. Its pH adjusting qualities then become distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection. Morpholine is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants. Morpholine decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen even at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems. Morpholine is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH. This heterocycle, pictured at right, features both amine and ether functional groups. Because of the amine, morpholine is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium. For example, when morpholine is neutralized by hydrochloric acid, one obtains the salt morpholinium chloride. Morpholine is widely used in organic synthesis. For example, it is a building block in the preparation of the antibiotic linezolid and the anticancer agent gefitinib (Iressa). Morpholine has been shown to exhibit anti-mycotic and anti-fungal functions (PMID 7279992 , 8077515 ). Morpholine belongs to the family of Oxazinanes. These are compounds containing an oxazinane moiety, which consists of a saturated aliphatic six-member ring with one oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and four carbon atoms. Isomers of oxaphospholane include 1,2-oxazinane, 1,3-oxazinane, and 1,4-oxazinane.

This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as morpholines. These are organic compounds containing a morpholine moiety, which consists of a six-member aliphatic saturated ring with the formula C4H9NO, where the oxygen and nitrogen atoms lie at positions 1 and 4, respectively.

Product Features of Morpholine
Morpholine, also known as 1, 4-oxazepine and diethylenimine oxide, is a kind of colorless alkaline oily liquid. It smells of ammonia and has hygroscopicity. Morpholine could evaporate with water vapor and miscible with water. It is Soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol and other organic solvents. Morpholine Vapor could form an explosive mixture with air and the explosion limit is 1.8% to 15.2% (volume fraction). Morpholine is a secondary amine, and at the same time it has the property of inorganic acid and organic acid, so that it can generate salt and amide.
Morpholine contains secondary amine groups and it has all the typical reaction characteristics of the secondary amine groups. It can react with inorganic acid to form a salt, and also can react with organic acid to form salt or amide. Morpholine can carry out alkylation reactions and it also carry out ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide. Because of the unique chemical properties of morpholine, it has become one of the important petrochemical products with important commercial application. It can be applied to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as NOBS, DTOS and MDS. And it is also applied to produce anti-corrosives, anti-corrosion agents, detergents, detergents, analgesics, local anesthetics, sedatives, respiratory and vascular stimulants, surfactants, optical bleach, fruit preservatives, and textile dyeing auxiliaries. Morpholine also has a wide range of applications in the field of rubber, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries. In medication it could be applied in the production of morpholine guanidine, virus Ling, ibuprofen, cough must, naproxen, dichloroaniline, sodium phenylacetate and other important drugs.
The two main production method of morpholine are DEA method (diethanolamine method) and DEA method (diethylene glycol method)
It is noteworthy that new polymer monomer acrylic morpholine has obtained a rapid development in recent years. Acrylic acid morpholine could be produced from the reaction between acrylic acid and morpholine. And acrylic acid morpholine is a kind of water-soluble monomer, and it is still water-soluble after the polymerization. So it could be applied for the modification of aqueous polymers. Besides, acrylic morpholine is widely used as a reactive diluent for UV curable resins. With the deepening of applied research, many new specific uses have been developed and it becomes polymer monomer with rapid development.

Chemical properties of Morpholine
It is colorless water-absorbing oily liquid and it smells ammonia. It is soluble in water and methanol, ethanol, benzene, acetone, ether, ethylene glycol and other commonly used solvents.
Uses of Morpholine
(1) For medicine, it used as the raw materials for rubber accelerator and fluorescent whitening agent.
(2) Morpholine is the intermediates of fungicide dimethomorph and flumorpholine and organophosphate insecticide phosalphos.
(3) Morpholine is Mainly used for the production of rubber vulcanization accelerator, but also for surfactant, textile auxiliaries, pharmaceuticals, pesticide synthesis. (4) Morpholine also used as a catalyst for polymerization of butadiene, corrosion inhibitors, optical bleach, the goods are dyes, resins, wax, early glue, casein and other solvents. At present, the total production of morpholine in the world is 3-4 million t/a. 
(5) Morpholine salts are also widely used. Morpholine salts like morpholine hydrochloride (10024-89-2) are the organic synthesis of intermediates. Morpholine fatty acid salt can be used as the coating agent of fruits or vegetables epidermal coating agent, and it could inhibit the base respiration and prevent the epidermis from evaporation of water and epidermal atrophy.
(6) Morpholine is the main raw materials of accelerator NOBS. for analysis reagents and resins, wax, shellac and other solvents, used in the production of sodium sulfate. Water glass and ultramarine. Also used in the manufacture of glass. Paper. Detergent. Soap. Dye. Synthetic fiber. Tanning. Medicine and ceramics industries. Analysis reagents, such as nitrogen determination, dehydrating agent.
(7) Morpholine is used for the analysis of reagents and resins, wax, casein, shellac and a variety of solvents solvent.
(8) Morpholine could produce salt after reacting with inorganic acid, and it also could produce salt or amide after reacting with organic acid. It also can be alkylated, and it also could come up a ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.

Morpholine are mainly used to manufacture rubber accelerant (such as NOBS, OTOS and MDS), sulfuration agent (like DT-DM), cleanser, descaling agent, antirust, anti-scorching agent, antiseptic, surfactant, textile printing & dyeing agent, optical bleaching agent, chemical plating bath, antioxidant, hydrolyzing agent, initiator, developer, fruit preserving agent, deodorizer, brightener and organic solvents. It is widely used in many industries such as medicine, pesticide, animal medicine, petroleum and extraction of coke aromatic hydrocarbont.

In foreign countries, a great deal of morpholine is used for antirust, descaling and metal cleaning, especially for antirust and anticorrosive in high temperature conditions. In boiler maintenance fields, amount of morpholkine is also used as descaling agent. Owing to its unique chemical characters, morpholine has become one of the most important fine petroleum chemical products.

A colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a characteristic amine odor. Morpholine is miscible with water, but it evolves heat in the process forming a basic solution that can saponify dried oil films and aid in their removal. Morpholine is also used to dissolve resins, waxes, casein, shellac, and dyes. It can also act as a surfactant and emulsifier. Morpholine has been used as a corrosion inhibitor in fire sprinkler and HVAC systems. It has also been used as a vapor phase neutralizing/alkalizing agent, but it is not recommended because of its toxicity, disagreeable odor, and poor ability to provide residual alkalinity. Some materials treated with morpholine, such as leather and pyroxylin coated book covers, have exhibited color changes (Book and Paper Catalog)

Morpholine is a clear, colorless, volatile, hygroscopic liquid with a characteristic amine odor. It is miscible in water and most organic solvents. The mixture of morpholine and water does not have a constant boiling point. Therefore morpholine in aqueous solution is not easily separable by distillation or entraining. It is a heterocyclic chemical compound, which has both a secondary amine and an ether functional group; its molecule has a chair structure. Morpholine is chemically stable and is not expected to degrade in hot water, acid and alkali solutions. It forms morpholinium salts with mineral acids. It reacts with aldehydes and ketones with hydrogen atoms in alfa-position to form enamines.