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N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is an organic heterocyclic amine in which a morpholine ring is substituted with a 3-aminopropyl group, giving the molecule both a tertiary amine within the ring and a reactive primary amine side chain.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine typically appears as a colorless to pale yellow, water-miscible liquid and serves as a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis due to its strong basicity, bifunctional reactivity, and good solvent compatibility.
Industrially, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is widely used as a curing agent and chain extender in epoxy and polyurethane systems, and as a building block in the production of surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, resins, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals.
CAS Number: 123-00-2
EC Number: 204-590-2
Molecular Formula: C7H16N2O
Molecular Weight: ~144.21 g/mol
Synonyms: 3-Morpholinopropylamine, N-(3-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 3-Morpholinopropan-1-amine, 4-Morpholinepropanamine, Morpholine, 4-(3-aminopropyl)-, Gamma-morpholinopropylamine, 4-Aminopropyl morpholine, NAPM, NSC 1081, 3-MorphoL, n-3-aminopropyl morpholine, 4-morpholinepropanamine, 3-morpholinopropylamine, 3-morpholinopropan-1-amine, n-aminopropylmorpholine, 4-3-aminopropyl morpholine, 4-morpholinepropylamine, 4-aminopropylmorpholine, 1-amino-3-morpholinopropane, 3-4-morpholinyl-1-propanamine, Morpholine, 4-(3-aminopropyl)-, γ-Morpholinopropylamine, (3-Aminopropyl)morpholine, N-(3-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 1-Amino-3-morpholinopropane, 3-Morpholinopropylamine, 4-(γ-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 4-(3-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 4-Morpholinepropylamine, 4-(Aminopropyl)morpholine, 3-Morpholino-1-propylamine, Morpholine, N-aminopropyl-, Morpholine, 4-aminopropyl-, N-Aminopropylmorpholine, N-(3-Aminopropyl)morfolin, NSC 1081, 3-Morpholinopropylamine, N-(3-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 3-Morpholinopropan-1-amine, 4-Aminopropyl morpholine, 4-Morpholinepropanamine, Morpholine, 4-(3-aminopropyl)-, NAPM, NSC1081, 3-MorphoL, gamma-morpholinopropylamine, 123-00-2, N-(3-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 3-Morpholinopropylamine, 3-morpholinopropan-1-amine, 4-MORPHOLINEPROPANAMINE, N-Aminopropylmorpholine, 4-(3-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propan-1-amine, 1-Amino-3-morpholinopropane, 4-Morpholinepropylamine, Morpholine, 4-(3-aminopropyl)-, (3-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 3-(4-Morpholinyl)-1-propanamine, 4-Aminopropylmorpholine, Morpholine, N-aminopropyl-, Morpholine, 4-aminopropyl-, 3-Morpholinopropanamine, gamma-Morpholinopropylamine, Aminopropylmorpholine, N-(3-Aminopropyl)morfolin, NSC 1081, .gamma.-Morpholinopropylamine, CHEBI:86554, N-(3-Aminopropyl)morfolin [Czech], EINECS 204-590-2, 3-(4-Morpholinyl)propylamine, 4-(3-aminopropyl)-morpholine, BRN 0105104, DTXSID4041521, AI3-52553, NSC-1081, 9A09425QD6, 1-morpholino-3-aminopropane, DTXCID2021521, 4-27-00-00411 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 3-(N-MORPHOLINO)-1-AMINOPROPANE, 4-[3-Aminopropyl]morpholine, 3-(4-morpholinyl)propanamine, 4-(gamma-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 3-(MORPHOLINO)-N-PROPYLAMINE, 3-AMINO-1-(MORPHOLINO)PROPANE, Morpholine, 4-(3-aminopropyl)-(8CI), 204-590-2, inchi=1/c7h16n2o/c8-2-1-3-9-4-6-10-7-5-9/h1-8h, 3-morpholin-4-ylpropan-1-amine, 3-Morpholin-4-yl-propylamine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-morpholine, MFCD00006184, 3-morpholin-4-ylpropylamine, N-(3-aminopropyl) morpholine, CHEMBL158697, Morpholine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-, 4-(.gamma.-Aminopropyl)morpholine, 3-aminopropyl morpholine, UNII-9A09425QD6, NSC1081, N-(3-Aminopropyl)morpholine (AMP), NAPM, 3-aminopropylmorpholine, 3-morpholinylpropylamine, 3-morpholino-propylamine, N-(aminopropyl)morpholine, (3-morpholinopropyl)amine, 4-(aminopropyl)morpholine, bmse000971, bmse000981, 3-Morpholino-1-propylamine, 4-(3Aminopropyl)morpholine, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholin, 3-morpholino-propan-1-amine, Oprea1_150673, SCHEMBL19922, WLN: T6N DOTJ A3Z, 3-morpholin-4-yl propylamine, MLS000556422, SCHEMBL948828, 3-morpholine-4-yl-propylamine, 4-(3-aminopropyl) morpholine, 3-Morpholinopropylamine, 98%, 4-(3-Aninopropyl)-morpholine, (3-morpholin-4-ylpropyl)amine, 3-(4-morpholinyl)-propanamine, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propylamine, N-(gamma-aminopropyl)morpholine, SCHEMBL5345777, 3-Morpholinopropylamine, Liquid, SCHEMBL27687298, [3-(4-morpholinyl)propyl]amine, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-propylamine, 3-(N-morpholinyl)-1-propylamine, 3-(4-morpholinyl)-1-propylamine, 3-(4-Morpholinyl)propan-1-amine, 3-morpholin-4-yl-propan-1-amine, HMS2384K03, 3-(4-morpholinyl)-1-aminopropane, 3-(4-morpholinyl)-propan-1-amine, STR02269, Tox21_302076, BDBM50607380, SBB028271, STK802951, 3-(4-Morpholinyl)-1-propanamine #, AKOS000119857, FD10554, NCGC00246332-01, NCGC00255491-01, CAS-123-00-2, FM160673, SMR000147739, A0409, CS-0008472, NS00019770, ST45255352, EN300-19625, Q27159240, F2187-2240, Z104474506, FC1F27D2-1429-41AC-9F03-C277D41006FA
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is an organic heterocyclic amine belonging to the morpholine family, in which a morpholine ring is substituted with a 3-aminopropyl group.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine typically appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild amine-like odor, is highly soluble in water, and shows good miscibility with many polar organic solvents.
Owing to its bifunctional structure—containing both a tertiary amine within the morpholine ring and a primary amino side chain—N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine serves as a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis, polymer modification, and epoxy curing systems.
Industrially, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is used as a building block for the preparation of corrosion inhibitors, surfactants, resins, and specialty chemicals, as well as in pharmaceuticals and agrochemical formulations.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's amphiphilic and reactive nature provides strong adhesion, wetting, and chemical reactivity, making it a valuable multifunctional additive in coatings, adhesives, and water treatment products.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is a clear, essentially colorless, low viscosity amine that is highly reactive with glycidyl ether type resins such as bisphenol A based epoxies.
Due to its low viscosity, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine has found use as reactive diluent in some epoxy formulations.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is a clear, essentially colourless, low viscosity amine that is highly reactive with glycidyl ether type resins, and also finds use as reactive diluent in epoxy formulations.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is a clear, basic, and highly water-soluble amine used primarily in industrial synthesis and catalysis.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's standout features include strong basicity, thermal stability, and compatibility with aqueous processes.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is a highly reactive, low viscosity amine that can be used as reactive diluent in epoxy products e.g. coatings and adhesives, depending on the functionality as a chain extender or cross-linking agent in resins and as an accelerator for slower curing amine containing systems.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is highly reactive, low viscosity, low colour, UV stable amine.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is a colorless, faintly odorous, air-sensitive liquid with the formula C₇H₁₆N₂O and molecular weight ≈ 144.21 g/mol.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine features a six-membered morpholine ring attached via a propyl chain to a primary amine, making it both a secondary and primary amine.
This unique dual functionality grants N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine high basicity (pH ~12 in water) and broad chemical reactivity.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is an organic compound that belongs to the class of morpholine derivatives, characterized by the presence of a morpholine heterocyclic ring substituted with a 3-aminopropyl side chain.
This dual functionality gives the molecule both a tertiary amine center within the morpholine ring and a reactive primary amine group on the side chain, making it a highly versatile intermediate in chemical synthesis.
In its pure form, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is typically a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild amine-like odor, fully miscible with water and most polar solvents, which allows it to be easily incorporated into aqueous and organic systems.
Industrially, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine finds wide application as a curing agent and chain extender in epoxy resins and polyurethane systems, where it contributes flexibility, adhesion, and chemical resistance to coatings, adhesives, and sealants.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is also used as a raw material in the synthesis of surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, textile auxiliaries, and agrochemicals, benefiting from its ability to introduce both hydrophilic and reactive sites into larger molecules.
In pharmaceutical chemistry, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine serves as a structural building block and functional group modifier, improving solubility and bioavailability of active molecules.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's amphiphilic nature, stability under typical storage conditions, and reactivity toward a broad range of functional groups make it a valuable multipurpose chemical across industries, bridging the gap between fine chemical synthesis and large-scale industrial applications.
Market Overview of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
The global N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine market was valued at around USD 1.32 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow to approximately USD 2.45 billion by 2032, corresponding to a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 6.8 % over the forecast period.
Key demand drivers include increasing use of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine as a chemical intermediate in the production of polymers, resins, coatings, and specialty chemicals, alongside its expanding applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, corrosion inhibitors, surfactants, and other specialty segments.
Regionally, Asia-Pacific is expected to lead growth, fueled by rapid industrialization, development of chemical and pharmaceutical sectors, and low-cost manufacturing capacities in countries like China and India.
Developed markets in North America and Europe remain important due to demand for high-purity grades and stringent regulatory standards.
The market is somewhat fragmented, with established chemical players and specialty intermediates firms expanding capacities, optimizing formulations, and investing in R&D to create more efficient, high-purity, and environmentally compliant variants.
Challenges in the market include fluctuating raw material costs, regulatory scrutiny over specialty amine compounds, and competition from alternative intermediates or formulations.
Nevertheless, opportunities lie in the ongoing shift toward high-performance materials (e.g., advanced coatings, adhesives, smart polymers), increasing use in pharmaceutical synthesis, and formulation of more sustainable corrosion inhibitors and surfactants.
Uses of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is a highly versatile chemical intermediate with applications across multiple industries due to its dual functionality of a morpholine ring and a reactive aminopropyl side chain.
In the polymer and coatings sector, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is widely employed as a curing agent and chain extender in epoxy and polyurethane systems, where it enhances adhesion, flexibility, toughness, and chemical resistance in adhesives, sealants, and protective coatings.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine also serves as a key ingredient in the formulation of corrosion inhibitors, particularly in water treatment and pipeline protection, where it forms protective layers on metal surfaces to reduce degradation.
In surfactant and specialty chemical synthesis, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine contributes to the development of amphiphilic molecules with improved wetting, dispersing, and emulsifying properties, which are valuable in cleaning products, lubricants, and textile treatments.
The pharmaceutical industry utilizes N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine as a structural building block in drug development, taking advantage of the morpholine ring’s widespread role in medicinal chemistry to improve solubility and bioavailability of active compounds.
Additionally, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine finds uses in agrochemical formulations such as herbicides and fungicides, as well as in textile and leather auxiliaries to enhance softness, color stability, and durability.
This broad spectrum of uses highlights N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's importance as a multifunctional additive that bridges industrial, pharmaceutical, and agricultural chemistry.
In resin systems of higher functionality, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine can serve as a crosslinking agent.
Because N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine reacts quickly with epoxy resins, it may be used to accelerate curing of formulations containing slower amine curatives such as JEFFAMINE T-403 or JEFFAMINE D-230 amines.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is used as chain extenders, crosslinking agents, reactive diluents in some epoxy products and accelerators in different coating and adhesive systems.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is also used in lubricant, surfactant and detergent preparations.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's reactivity and structure make it useful across various fields:
Chemical Intermediate:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is widely used in organic synthesis to create advanced pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and agrochemicals.
The N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine ring offers an excellent scaffold for drug discovery and diverse functional group modifications.
Polymer & Material Science:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is employed as an additive or modifier in polymer formulations to improve performance in coatings, adhesives, fiber synthesis, and composites.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine acts as a coupling or crosslinking agent and pH-adjusting or buffering additive due to its basic nature.
Catalysis & Coordination Chemistry:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine serves as a ligand in metal-catalyzed processes, facilitating enhanced selectivity and yield in specialized reactions.
Corrosion Inhibitor:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is utilized in formulations for the oil & gas sector to protect metal surfaces from degradation.
Biotechnology & Research Reagents:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is used in bioconjugation, polymer-drug conjugate synthesis, and academic discovery for linking biomolecules.
Epoxy and Polyurethane Systems:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is widely used as a curing agent, chain extender, or flexibilizer in epoxy resins and polyurethane formulations.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine improves adhesion, toughness, and chemical resistance in coatings, adhesives, sealants, and composites.
Corrosion Inhibitors & Water Treatment:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's amine functionality makes it suitable for the preparation of corrosion inhibitors used in pipelines, boilers, and cooling systems.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine helps prevent metal degradation by forming protective films on surfaces.
Surfactants and Specialty Chemicals:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of amphiphilic surfactants, detergents, and emulsifiers.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine enhances wetting, dispersing, and foaming properties in formulations for cleaning agents, lubricants, and textiles.
Pharmaceutical Industry:
In drug synthesis, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is employed as a building block or functional modifier to improve solubility and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's morpholine ring is a well-known scaffold in medicinal chemistry.
Agrochemicals:
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of herbicides, fungicides, and plant growth regulators, where its dual amine groups enhance activity and binding properties.
Resins and Polymers:
Incorporated into specialty resins and plastics to introduce hydrophilicity and reactive sites, improving performance in coatings, adhesives, and industrial composites.
Textile and Leather Auxiliaries:
Functions as a component in textile finishing agents, dyeing auxiliaries, and leather treatment chemicals, enhancing softness, color fastness, and durability.
Benefits of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
The benefits of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine arise from its unique chemical structure, which combines the stability of the morpholine ring with the reactivity of a primary amine side chain, giving it multifunctional properties that few other intermediates provide.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's dual functionality allows it to act as both a reactive curing agent and a structural modifier, making it highly valuable in epoxy and polyurethane systems where it improves adhesion, flexibility, and resistance to heat, solvents, and chemicals.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's excellent water solubility and compatibility with both aqueous and organic systems enhance its performance in surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, and textile auxiliaries, ensuring efficient blending and strong surface activity.
In pharmaceuticals, the morpholine moiety is a well-established pharmacophore, and its presence in N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine provides improved bioavailability and solubility to drug molecules, while also serving as a versatile building block for new active compounds.
Industrially, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine offers high reactivity, enabling reduced curing times and lower processing temperatures in polymer applications, which improves efficiency and energy savings.
Furthermore, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's ability to be produced through scalable synthesis routes ensures reliable supply and cost-effectiveness, while its adaptability across coatings, adhesives, water treatment, agrochemicals, and specialty resins demonstrates its versatility.
Collectively, these benefits make N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine an indispensable intermediate that combines performance, efficiency, and broad applicability across diverse industries.
Production of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
The production of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is typically carried out through well-established amination and substitution reactions that exploit the reactivity of morpholine and alkyl halide intermediates.
One common industrial route involves the alkylation of morpholine with 3-chloropropylamine hydrochloride under controlled conditions, yielding N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine as the primary product.
Alternative synthesis pathways include reductive amination of 3-aminopropionaldehyde with morpholine or catalytic hydrogenation of nitrile precursors in the presence of morpholine, both of which provide high yields and allow for large-scale manufacturing.
The reactions are generally carried out in the presence of acid scavengers or suitable catalysts to minimize side products, with purification achieved through distillation or crystallization to obtain high-purity grades suitable for pharmaceutical or polymer applications.
On an industrial scale, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is manufactured in multipurpose chemical plants that focus on morpholine derivatives, leveraging readily available raw materials such as morpholine, propylamine, and their halogenated derivatives.
Recent process developments have aimed to improve efficiency by optimizing solvent systems, reducing by-products, and employing green chemistry approaches such as solvent-free reactions and recyclable catalysts.
The end result is a stable, colorless to pale yellow liquid with high reactivity, produced at ton-scale for use in polymers, resins, coatings, pharmaceuticals, and specialty chemicals.
History of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
The history of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine is closely tied to the broader development of morpholine chemistry, which dates back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries when morpholine itself was first synthesized and recognized as a useful heterocyclic amine.
During the mid-20th century, as industrial demand for versatile amines increased, chemists began exploring morpholine derivatives that could provide both stability and enhanced reactivity for specialized applications.
Among these, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine was identified as a promising candidate due to its unique dual functionality: a morpholine ring offering chemical stability and solubility, combined with a reactive aminopropyl side chain that opened pathways for polymer modification and pharmaceutical synthesis.
By the 1960s and 1970s, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine was being produced on a larger scale, primarily in Europe and Japan, for use as a curing agent in epoxy resins and as an intermediate in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine's adoption accelerated with the rise of high-performance polymers, advanced coatings, and the growing need for corrosion inhibitors in industrial water treatment.
Over time, improvements in production methods—including more efficient alkylation routes and catalytic processes—made N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine more accessible and cost-effective, ensuring its integration into a wide range of industrial formulations.
Today, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine remains an important niche chemical, bridging the history of classical morpholine derivatives with modern applications in materials science, pharmaceuticals, and specialty chemicals, reflecting more than half a century of steady industrial relevance.
Handling and Storage of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
Handling:
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Prevent inhalation of vapors or mists.
Handle in a well-ventilated area.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke when handling.
Wash thoroughly after use.
Storage:
Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place.
Protect from direct sunlight and moisture.
Hygroscopic – may absorb CO₂ and water vapor from air.
Incompatibilities:
Keep away from strong oxidizing agents, acids, and acyl halides.
Stability and Reactivity of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
Stability:
Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions.
Reactivity:
Can react exothermically with acids (salt formation).
Primary amine group may undergo alkylation, amidation, and condensation reactions.
Conditions to Avoid:
High heat, prolonged exposure to air and moisture.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon oxides (CO, CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), morpholine derivatives, irritating fumes.
First Aid Measures of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
Inhalation:
Move person to fresh air.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen and seek medical attention.
Skin Contact:
Immediately wash with soap and plenty of water.
Remove contaminated clothing.
Seek medical advice if irritation persists.
Eye Contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
Get medical attention if irritation continues.
Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting.
Seek immediate medical help if large amounts are ingested.
Firefighting Measures of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Water spray, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide (CO₂), or foam.
Unsuitable Media:
High-pressure water jets (may spread material).
Special Hazards:
Vapors may be irritating.
Combustion may produce toxic gases (CO, CO₂, NOₓ).
Protective Equipment:
Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective gear.
Accidental Release Measures of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
Personal Precautions:
Wear protective equipment; avoid inhalation and skin/eye contact.
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Environmental Precautions:
Prevent spills from entering sewers, soil, or waterways.
Methods for Cleanup:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g., sand, vermiculite), then collect into properly labeled containers for disposal.
Wash contaminated surfaces with water and detergent.
Exposure Controls / Personal Protective Equipment of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
Engineering Controls:
Provide local exhaust ventilation or fume hood to keep airborne concentrations below exposure limits.
Respiratory Protection:
Not normally required; if ventilation is inadequate or dust/vapor forms, use a NIOSH-approved respirator.
Eye Protection:
Chemical safety goggles or face shield.
Skin Protection:
Protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene) and protective clothing.
Hygiene Measures:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling.
Wash hands and exposed skin after use.
Keep work clothing separate from personal clothes.
Identifiers of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
Common Name: N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine
IUPAC Name: 3-(Morpholin-4-yl)propan-1-amine
CAS Number: 123-00-2
EC Number (EINECS): 204-605-0
PubChem CID: 11675
ChemSpider ID: 11183
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:77937
UNII (FDA): 2W05Q78YQW
Molecular Formula: C₇H₁₆N₂O
Molecular Weight: 144.22 g/mol
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H16N2O/c8-1-2-3-9-4-6-10-7-5-9/h1-8H2
InChI Key: UXBBGOGGHZTOHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C1COCCN1CCCN
CAS Number: 123-00-2
EC/EINECS Number: 204-605-0
PubChem CID: 11675
ChemSpider ID: 11183
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:77937
UNII (FDA): 2W05Q78YQW
Beilstein Registry Number: 87386
RTECS Number: QD2275000
HS Code (for trade): 29349990 (heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen)
Molecular Formula: C₇H₁₆N₂O
Molecular Weight: 144.22 g/mol
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H16N2O/c8-1-2-3-9-4-6-10-7-5-9/h1-3,6-8H2,4-5H2
InChI Key: UXBBGOGGHZTOHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES (Canonical): C1COCCN1CCCN
Chemical Class: Morpholine derivative (heterocyclic amine)
Functional Groups: Secondary amine (in morpholine ring) + primary amine (aminopropyl chain)
Properties of N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine:
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Mild amine-like odor
Molecular Formula: C₇H₁₆N₂O
Molecular Weight: 144.22 g/mol
Density: ~0.97 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Melting Point: −70 °C (approx.)
Boiling Point: 256–258 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: ~117 °C (closed cup)
Refractive Index: n²⁰ᴰ ≈ 1.468–1.470
Viscosity: Low to moderate (mobile liquid at room temperature)
Solubility in Water: Completely miscible
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Miscible with alcohols, ketones, esters, and many polar solvents
pH (1% aqueous solution): Slightly basic (~10–11)
Stability: Stable under normal conditions; hygroscopic; may absorb CO₂ from air
Reactivity: Reacts with acids to form salts; may undergo amide formation, alkylation, or condensation reactions due to primary amine group
Partition Coefficient (log P): approx. −0.5 (high water solubility)
Form: Heterocyclic amine (morpholine derivative with primary aminopropyl side chain)
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Mild, amine-like odor
Molecular Formula: C₇H₁₆N₂O
Molecular Weight: 144.22 g/mol
Chemical Class: Morpholine derivative, heterocyclic secondary amine with a primary aminopropyl substituent
Density: ~0.97 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Melting Point: ~−70 °C
Boiling Point: 256–258 °C at 1013 hPa (760 mmHg)
Flash Point: 117 °C (closed cup)
Autoignition Temperature: ~390 °C
Refractive Index (n²⁰): 1.468–1.470
Viscosity: Low viscosity, mobile liquid at room temperature
Surface Tension: ~38–40 mN/m (estimated)
pH (1% aqueous solution): ~10–11 (basic)
Solubility in Water: Completely miscible
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Miscible with alcohols, esters, ketones, glycols, and polar solvents; limited miscibility in non-polar hydrocarbons
Partition Coefficient (log P, estimated): −0.5 to −0.6 (hydrophilic)
Vapor Pressure: Very low at 20 °C (<0.1 mmHg), indicating low volatility
Hygroscopicity: Hygroscopic, absorbs moisture and CO₂ from air
