N, N-DIMETHYL-PARA-TOLUIDINE

EC / List no.: 202-805-4
CAS no.: 99-97-8
Mol. formula: C9H13N

N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine appears as a clear colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. 
Density 0.937 g / cm3 (Lancaster) and insoluble in water. 
Hence floats on water. 

Uses:
Used to accelerate polymerization of ethyl methacrylate
Used in artificial nail application
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is an accelerator in the redox initiator-accelerator system used commercially to cure methyl methacrylate monomers. 
Polymerization is rarely complete
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is a high-production volume chemical with potential for widespread human exposure through its use in dental materials and bone cement
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine has been used in the preparation of acrylic denture materials for the past 50 years. 
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is used as the accelerator for the cement in most of the hip and bone replacements to activate the polymerization reaction at concentrations ranging from 0.7% to 2.6% .
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is found in industrial glues and artificial fingernail preparations and is used as an intermediate in dye and pesticide synthesis. N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine has a shorter setting time (11.5 minutes) than some alternative accelerators.

Industry Uses
- Adhesives and sealant chemicals
- Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
- Processing aids, specific to petroleum production

Consumer Uses
- Adhesives and sealants
- Paints and coatings
- resins, coal

General Manufacturing Information
Industry Processing Sectors
- Adhesive manufacturing
- Mining (except oil and gas) and support activities
- Plastic material and resin manufacturing

Acryl resins used in dental practice are blends of poly(methyl methacrylated) particles and methyl methacrylate monomer, or copolymers of methyl methacrylate with styrene or other acrylic monomers. 
This blend is a slurry of high viscosity that is hardened by the free radical polymerization of the monomeric components. 
The hardening process is initiated by the decomposition of a small number of organic peroxides (1% to 3%; usually benzoyl peroxide) activated by the redox reaction with the tertiary amine. 
The tertiary amine, most often N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine, is the ingredient that induces the reaction giving rise to free radicals capable of initiating polymerization of the acrylic monomers. 
Polymerization is rarely complete.

Chemical Properties
light yellow liquid

Uses:
N, N-Dimethyl-4-toluidine is an amine accelerator for the polymerization of e.g. dental methacrylic restorative materials
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is used as a polymerization catalyst for polyesters, acrylate, and epoxy resins. 
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is also used as a hardener for dental cement and in adhesives. 
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine serves as an intermediate for photographic chemicals, in industrial glues, artificial fingernail preparations, colorants, and pharmaceuticals. 
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine reacts with vinyl ether in the presence of copper(II) chloride giving tetrahydroquinolines. 
Further, it is used to accelerate the polymerization of ethyl methacrylate.
Used to make self-setting tooth tray water
A tertiary amine that can be C- C coupled with phenylacetylene and benzamide for iron-catalyzed oxidation in the presence of di-tert-butyl peroxide to form N, 4-dimethyl-N-(3-phenyl prop-2-ynyl) phenylazamine and N-((methyl (p-tolyl) amino) methyl) benzamide, respectively.
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is used as a polymerization catalyst for polyesters, acrylate and epoxy resins. 
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is also used as a hardener for dental cement and in adhesives.
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine serves as an intermediate for photographic chemicals, in industrial glues, in artificial fingernail preparations, colorants, and pharmaceuticals. N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine reacts with vinyl ether in the presence of copper(II) chloride giving tetrahydroquinolines. 
Further, it is used to accelerate the polymerization of ethyl methacrylate.
The curing of unsaturated polyester resins at ambient temperatures can in general not be performed by an organic peroxide alone. The radical formation, which is necessary to start the polymerisation reaction, is at ambient temperatures with most generally applied organic peroxides too slow.
To speed up the radical formation in a controllable way, organic peroxides must therefore be used in combination with a so-called accelerator.

Formula: C9H13N
Formula Weight: 135.21
Melting point: -25°
Boiling Point: 210-211°
Flash Point: 83°(181°F)
Density: 0.937
Refractive Index: 1.5460
Storage & Sensitivity: Ambient temperatures.
Solubility: Miscible with alcohol, ether and chloroform. Immiscible with water.

N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine reacts with vinyl ether in the presence of copper(II) chloride gives tetrahydroquinolines. 
Further, it is used to accelerate polymerization of ethyl methacrylate.

N,N-dimethyl p-toluidine is soluble in some organic solvents and is decomposed by light as an effective photoinitiator for acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization. 
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine can also be used to make self-coagulation tooth tray water.

Polymerization reaction
Aromatic tertiary amines, especially N,N-dimethyl p-toluidine, are effective photoinitiators for acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization.
The influence of the medium on the polymerization speed is large in polarity, and the polymerization speed is fast. 
Oxygen has obvious influence on the polymerization. 
With the increase of oxygen content, the polymerization induction period increases and the speed decreases. 
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine is generally considered as a retarder for alkene polymerization, rather than a photopolymerization initiator for acrylonitrile (AN).

Aggregation features
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine cannot initiate acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization in the dark, but the polymerization is extremely fast under the light. Fig. 1 shows the photopolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) in the presence of N,N-dimethyl p-toluidine, naphthalene, benzophenone (BP)-triethylamine (TEA), and the polymerization of ABlN at the speeds of 0.157,0.023,0.139 and 0.045% -1 respectively, indicating that N, N-dimethyl p-toluidine is an extremely effective initiator for the photopolymerization of acrylonitrile.

N,N-dimethyl p-toluidine initiated acrylonitrile (AN) photopolymerization is carried out according to a free radical mechanism. 
When a trace amount of free radical capture agent is added, the polymerization is completely stopped. 
For example, [N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine]- 10-3M, when human 200ppm 2,2,6,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidol nitroxide radical is added, acrylonitrile (AN) does not have any polymerization after 1.5 hours of light, and under the same conditions, no free radical capture agent is added, and polyacrylonitrile white precipitate appears in two minutes.

Application
As an effective photoinitiator for acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization, its polymerization speed is proportional to the 1.62 power of AN concentration and the 0.62 power of DMT concentration. 
The product is usually used as an accelerator, and can also be used as an additive for the synthesis of unsaturated polyester, adhesive, etc.

Synthesis method
Using dimethyl sulfate as a methylating agent, N, N-dimethyl p-toluidine was synthesized at low temperature and normal pressure.

About N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine 
Helpful information
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 to < 1 000 tonnes per annum.

N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.

Consumer Uses
ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is most likely to be released to the environment.

Article service life
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is most likely to be released to the environment. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed.

Widespread uses by professional workers
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, adhesives and sealants, leather treatment products and laboratory chemicals. N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development. N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur. Other release to the environment of N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Formulation or re-packing
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants.
Release to the environment of N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Uses at industrial sites
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, textile treatment products and dyes, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging, health services and scientific research and development.
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.
Manufacture
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine  is most likely to be released to the environment.

IUPAC NAMES:
4,N,N-Trimethylaniline, 4-Dimethylaminotoluene
4-Dimethylaminotoluene
Benzenamine, N,N,4-trimethyl-
Dimethyl-p-toluidine, N,N,4-Trimethylaniline, N,N,4-Trimethylbenzenamine
N,N,4-trimethylaniline
N,N,4-Trimethylbenzenamine
N,N-4-trimethylaniline
N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidin
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine
N, N-Dimethyl-Para-Toluidine
N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine
N.N-4-trimethylaniline
N.N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine
p-(Dimethylamino)toluene

SYNONYMS:
N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine
N,N,4-TRIMETHYLANILINE
99-97-8
Dimethyl-p-toluidine
Benzenamine, N,N,4-trimethyl-
N,N-Dimethyl-4-methylaniline
4,N,N-Trimethylaniline
N,N-Dimethyl-para-toluidine
N,N,4-Trimethylbenzenamine
p-(Dimethylamino)toluene
N,N-Dimethyl-4-toluidine
N,N-Dimethyl-p-tolylamine
p-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline
NSC 1785
p,N,N-Trimethylaniline
Dimetil-p-toluidina
p-Toluidine, N,N-dimethyl-
UNII-S8XC5939VU
S8XC5939VU
Dimethyl-4-toluidine
1-(Dimethylamino)-4-methylbenzene
4-Dimethylaminotoluene
p-N,N-Trimethylaniline
CAS-99-97-8
Dimetil-p-toluidina [Italian]
CCRIS 1001
EINECS 202-805-4
Benzeneamine,N,N,4-trimethyl-
N,4-Trimethylaniline
nn-dimethyl-p-toluidine
dimethyl-(p-tolyl)-amine
EC 202-805-4
Benzenamine,N,4-trimethyl-
4-dimethylamino-1-methylbenzene
4,N,N-Trimethylaniline, 99%
CHEMBL1462714
N,N-Dimethyl-p-methylphenylamine
E758854,N,N-Trimethylaniline, purum, >=98.0% (GC)
N,N-DIBENZYL-1,4,10,13-TETRAOXA-7,16-DIAZACYCLOOCTADECANE
4,N,N-Trimethylaniline, catalyst grade (for peroxide polymerization), >=98.5% (GC)
4,N,N-Trimethylaniline, puriss., catalyst for peroxide polymerisations, >=99.0% (GC)
N,N,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENAMINE
N,N-DIMETHYL-4-METHYLANILINE
N,N-DIMETHYL-4-TOLUIDINE
N,N-DIMETHYL-PARA-TOLUIDINE
N,N-DIMETHYL-P-TOLUIDINE
Benzeneamine,N,N,4-trimethyl-
dimethyl-4-toluidine
Dimethyl-p-toluidine
Dimethyl-p-tolyl-amine
dimethyltoluidine
Dimetil-p-toluidina
N,N,4-Trimethylaniline
n,n,4-trimethyl-benzenamin
N,N-Dialkylarylamine(methylgroupinmetaposition)
N,N-Dialkylarylamine
4,N,N-Trimethylaniline,4-Dimethylaminotoluene, N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine
4,N,N-Trimethylanili
N,N-DiMethyl-p-toluidine, 99% 500GR
N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine
4,N,N-Trimethylaniline catalyst grade (for peroxide polymerization), >=98.5% (GC)
4,N,N-Trimethylaniline purum, >=98.0% (GC)
N,N,4-Trimethylaniline 4-Dimethylaminotoluene
N,N- two Methylp-toluidine
4,N,N-TriMethylaniline 99%
4,N,N-TriMethylaniline, 98%+
N,N,4-trimethyl-
N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine
N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine for synthesis
4,N,N-TrimethyL
n,n-dimethyl-p-toluidin
N,N-Dimethyl-p-tolylamine
p-(dimethylamino)toluene
p,N,N-trimethylaniline
p-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline
p-Toluidine, N,N-dimethyl-
4-DIMETHYLAMINOTOLUENE
4,N,N-TRIMETHYLANILINE
Tetraphenylphthalicanhydride,98%
Benzenamine, N,N,4-trimethyl-
DIMETHYLPARA-TOLUIDINE
4-METHYL-N,N-DIMETHYLANILINE
PARA-N,N-TRIMETHYLANILINE
4-Dimethylaminotoluene, N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine
p-Tolyldimethylamine
N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine,99%
DIMETHYLTOLYLAMINE
N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine >
N,N-DIMETHYL-P-TOLUIDINE fandachem
N,N-DIMETHYL-P-TOLUIDINE ISO 9001：2015 REACH
N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine Purity 99%