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NONYL PHENOL 6

NONYLPHENOL 6EO
CAS NO: 127087-87-0

NONYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE; POE-6; Alkylphenol ethoxylate; EMULAN PO; Nonylphenol Ethoxylates (NPEOs; NPEs); Polyethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether; Octylphenol Ethoxylates (OPEOs; OPEs); Polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether

NP 6-10 is a nonionic surfactant and an excellent emulsifier used in cleaning and adhesive applications.NP 6-10 Very good emulsifier, stabilizer, wetting, hydrotropic property. It is a nonionic surfactant with cleaning property, used in all kinds of detergents. NP-6 is a surfactant that is used extensively in various fields such as Cleaners and Degreasers, Dry Cleaning, Adhesives, Agricultural Medicines.
 

SYNONYMS
NONYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE; POE-6; Alkylphenol ethoxylate; EMULAN PO; Nonylphenol Ethoxylates (NPEOs; NPEs); Polyethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether; Octylphenol Ethoxylates (OPEOs; OPEs); Polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether; nonylphenol ethoxylate NP-6; alpha-(-nonylphenyl)-omega-hydroxy-poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl); nonoxynol-6; Nonylphenol ethoxylate; NP-6; Poly(ethylene oxide); Dinonylphenyl; polyoxyethylene; Ethoxylated Alkylphenol; Nonionic; 4-(2,4-dimethylheptan-3-yl)phenol; Phenol, nonyl-; Nonylphenol: NP; isononylphenol;phenol, nonyl-, branched; para-nonylphenol; monoalkyl (C3-9)phenol; Nonylphenol ethoxylate: NPE; nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; nonylphenol polyethylene glycol; nonylphenol polyethyleneglycol ether; polyoxyethylene; nonylphenol ether; POE nonyl Phenyl Ether; Ethoxylated nonylphenol; Polyoxyethylene Nonylphenyl Ether; nonylphenyl polyethyleneglycol ether, nonionic; macrogol nonylphenyl ether; Polyethylene Mono(nonylphenyl)ether Glycols; nonyl-pheno;NONYLPHENOL;NONYLPHENOLS;Phenol,nonyl-;n nonylphenol;Phenol, nonyl-;Nonylphenol; Glycols; polyethylene; mono(nonylphenyl) ether (8CI); (Nonylphenoxy)polyethylene oxide; 4-Nonylphenol; Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol; Ethoxylated nonylphenol; Nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether; 

Alkylphenols are starting materials for the synthesis of alkylphenol ethoxylates, which are commonly used as non ionic tensides, dispersive agents in paper and leather manufacturing, emulsifiers for pesticide formulations and as auxiliary agents for drilling and flotation. The most important members are ethoxylates of nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP). The number of ethoxylate units can be as high as 100. Alkylphenol ethoxylates are produced in huge quantities. As a consequence of the wide-spread use for more than forty years, alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates have become ubiquitous environmental contaminantsand have even been found in foodstuffs. he environmental consequences of this bioaccumulation are of serious concern: Alkylphenols exhibit estrogen-like activity and disrupt male fertility in fish and aquatic mammals. The same mechanism operates for short-chain ethoxylates of OP and NP with one to two ethoxy units. The environmental impact of OP and NP and their mono- and diethoxylates have prompted their inclusion in national and international legislation with corresponding monitoring programs. Para-nonylphenol. Phenol based monomer is clear in appearance and is reacted with phosphorus trichloride to produce trisnonylphenol phosphite, which is a common antioxidant for a wide range of polymer systems, used in the past as a reclaiming agent for synthetic rubber and can also be used in an epoxy resin hardener.Alkylphenols are used to make alkylphenol ethoxylates, which are widely used as industrial surfactants. They are used as emulsifiers for polymerization, as detergents and pesticides, and in the processing of wool and metals. Many alkylphenols including 4-t-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, 4-n-octylphenol, and 4-n-nonylphenol have been classified endocrine disruptors due to their weak estrogen-like activities. Alkylphenols are organic industrial chemicals used in the production of lubricating oil additives, laundry and dish detergents, emulsifiers, and solubilizers. They are also found in personal care products, especially hair products, as an active component of many spermicides (nonoxynol-9), various laboratory detergents (including Triton X-100), and some pesticides formulations. The exposure to these compounds is via skin, air, and water. Unlike most of the exogenous chemicals, which usually become less toxic with degradation, alkylphenols actually increase their toxicity with time. During biodegradation, alkylphenol polyethoxylates lose ethoxy groups to become alkylphenols (typically nonylphenol), which are more stable, persistent, and hydrophobic, leading to their accumulation in sewerages and rivers and their volatilization into ambient air. Many alkylphenols are toxic to aquatic organisms, and the most toxic are those with a large alkyl chain, i.e., octyl-, nonyl-, and dodecyl-phenol. Alkylphenols have attracted attention due to their prevalence in the environment and potential roles as EDs and xenoestrogen. Exposure of nonylphenol and octylphenol has been shown to cause testicular damage, decreased testicular size, decreased sperm production/quality, and dysfunction of male reproduction system. Alkylphenols are synthetic surfactants found in detergents, cleaning products, pesticides, antistatic agents, lubricants, hair care products, solubilizers, and as additives in plastics such as PVC, and polystyrene. 4-n-Nonylphenol (NP) and 4-n-octylphenol (OP) are some of the most common. Human exposure to these compounds may occur through ingestion of contaminated food and drinking water as well as from contact with some personal care products and detergents.Very few studies have explored the potential alterations in the pancreas arising from alkylphenol exposure. Rat islets cultured for 24 h in the presence of OP or NP at doses of 25 and 250 µg/L showed increased basal insulin secretion as well as insulin content (2.5 µg/L), while higher doses (250 µg/L) decreased insulin content (Song et al., 2012). In a similar manner, 24 h islet treatment with NP (0.1–1000 µg/L) increased insulin secretion in response to stimulatory glucose concentration. Alkylphenol ethoxylates are readily converted by micro-organisms into slowly degradable metabolites such as 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentanol. Based on this biodegradation pathway, it is anticipated that part of the molecule is not readily biodegradable. Indeed, the pass level is not reached in most ready biodegradability tests. The biodegradation mechanism is also reflected in findings of simulation tests and monitoring studies of full-scale biological wastewater treatment plants. The rapid shortening of the ethoxy chain of alkylphenol ethoxylates by micro-organisms results in removal percentages in excess of 90 of the parent compound in CAS tests [66,69]. Due to partial degradation of nonylphenol ethoxylates, nonylphenol, nonylphenol monoethoxylate, nonylphenol diethoxylate and their carboxylates occur in effluents and activated sludges [76–78]. In some effluents of treatment systems, biodegradation products of alkylphenol ethoxylates were not detected or found at very low concentrations, demonstrating that almost complete degradation is possible. The key parameter for obtaining almost completedegradation is the sludge loading of the treatment system. Low sludge loads, whether caused by decreases in the hydraulic flow or biological oxygen demand load, result in high sludge-retention times. Alkylphenol ethoxylates with more than six ethoxy units were converted completely in both high- and low-loaded full-scale wastewater treatment plants. However, alkylphenol ethoxylates with less than three ethoxy units were only removed at high percentages in a treatment plant with low sludge loading [79]. Ahel et al. [79] found a correlation between the removal of alkylphenol ethoxylates with a few ethoxy units and nitrification. Loss of nitrification and the removal of these nonionic surfactants at high sludge retention times can be attributed to the wash out of slow-growing micro-organisms. These results strongly indicate that biodegradation products of alkylphenol ethoxylates are treatable in wastewater treatment systems operated at relatively high sludge retention times.Alkylphenol ethoxylates, widely used in commercial and household detergents in the United States, can degrade during the wastewater treatment process to more toxic, estrogenic, and lipophilic compounds. These include octylphenol (OP), nonylphenols (NPs), nonylphenol monoethoxylates (NP1EOs), and nonylphenol diethoxylates (NP2EOs). These compounds have received considerable attention due to their acute toxicity and ability to disrupt the endocrine system. In Europe, regulations have been established to control their impact on the environment. In this study, biosolids derived from all 11 U.S. wastewater treatment plants examined contained detectable levels of OP, NPs, NP1EOs, and NP2EOs. Nine exceeded the current Danish land application limit (30 mg/kg; sum of NPs, NP1EOs, and NP2EOs) by 6-33x. NPs were the major component, and their concentrations therein ranged from 5.4 to 887 mg/kg (dry weight). OP, reportedly 10-20x more estrogenic than NP, was detected in these same nine biosolids at levels up to 12.6 mg/kg. Three biosolids were also subjected to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure Method 1311. NPs and NP1EOs were both detected in the leachate; the former at concentrations from 9.4 to 309 microg/L. On the basis of effect levels published in the literature, alkylphenol ethoxylate degradates in U.S. biosolids may cause adverse environmental impacts.Remove from contaminated area promptly. CAUTION: Rescuer must not endanger himself! If breathing stops, administer artificial respiration and seek medical aid promptly. Wash with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and do not reuse until thoroughly laundered. Wash eyes with plenty of water, holding eyelids open. Seek medical assistance if there is any irritation.Nonionic surfactant for use in cleaners and degreasers, dry cleaning, agrochemicals, and adhesives; functioning as a wetting agent, stabilizer, an excellent emulsifier, and couples detergent range nonionics into hydrocarbon systems. It can also be used in oilfield drilling and production formulations. Surfactant for in-process cleaning. Nonylphenols are a family of closely related organic compounds composed of phenol bearing a 9 carbon-tail. Nonylphenols can come in numerous structures, all of which may be considered alkylphenols. They are used in manufacturing antioxidants, lubricating oil additives, laundry and dish detergents, emulsifiers, and solubilizers.[2] These compounds are also precursors to the commercially important non-ionic surfactants alkylphenol ethoxylates and nonylphenol ethoxylates, which are used in detergents, paints, pesticides, personal care products, and plastics. Nonylphenol has attracted attention due to its prevalence in the environment and its potential role as an endocrine disruptor and xenoestrogen, due to its ability to act with estrogen-like activity.The estrogenicity and biodegradation heavily depends on the branching of the nonyl sidechain.Nonylphenol has been found to act as an agonist of the GPER (GPR30).Nonylphenols fall into the general chemical category of alkylphenols.[8] The structure of NPs may vary. The nonyl group can be attached to the phenol ring at various locations, usually the 4- and, to lesser extent, the 2-positions, and can be either branched or linear. A branched nonylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, is the most widely produced and marketed nonylphenol.[9] The mixture of nonylphenol isomers is a pale yellow liquid, although the pure compounds are colorless. The nonylphenols are moderately soluble in water but soluble in alcohol.Nonylphenol arises from the environmental degradation of nonylphenol ethoxylates, which are the metabolites of commercial detergents called alkylphenol ethoxylates. NPEs are a clear to light orange color liquid. Nonylphenol ethoxylates are nonionic in water, which means that they have no charge. Because of this property they are used as detergents, cleaners, emulsifiers, and a variety of other applications. They are amphipathic, meaning they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, which allows them to surround non-polar substances like oil and grease, isolating them from water. Nonylphenol can be produced industrially, naturally, and by the environmental degradation of alkylphenol ethoxylates. Industrially, nonylphenols are produced by the acid-catalyzed alkylation of phenol with a mixture of nonenes. This synthesis leads to a very complex mixture with diverse nonylphenols.Theoretically there are 211 constitutional isomers and this number rise to 550 isomers if we take the enantiomers into account. Nonylphenols are also produced naturally in the environment. One organism, the velvet worm, produces nonylphenol as a component of its defensive slime. The nonylphenol coats the ejection channel of the slime, stopping it from sticking to the organism when it is secreted. It also prolongs the drying process long enough for the slime to reach its target. Nonylphenol persists in aquatic environments and is moderately bioaccumulative. It is not readily biodegradable, and it can take months or longer to degrade in surface waters, soils, and sediments. Nonbiological degradation is negligible.A major concern is that contaminated sewage sludge is frequently recycled onto agricultural land. The degradation of nonylphenol in soil depends on oxygen availability and other components in the soil. Mobility of nonylphenol in soil is low. NP is a clear to pale yellow viscous liquid with a slight phenolic odour. NPEs with between 1 and 13 ethylene oxide units are liquid. NPEs with 14 and 15 ethylene oxide units are paste-like liquids. Viscosity increases with increasing ethylene oxide chain length, and NPEs with 20 or more ethylene oxide units are waxy solids. Colour varies from colourless to light amber. NPEs with higher numbers of ethylene oxide units are opaque.Nonionic surfactants are surface active agents which do not dissociate into ions in aqueous solutions, unlike anionic surfactants which have a negative charge and cationic surfactants which have a positive charge in aqueous solution. Nonionic surfactants are more widely used as detergents than ionic surfactants because anionic surfactants are insoluble in many hard water and cationic surfactants are considered to be poor cleaners. In addition to detergency, nonionic surfactants show excellent solvency, low foam properties and chemical stability. It is thought that nonionic surfactants are mild on the skin even at high loadings and long-term exposure. The hydrophilic group of nonionic surfactants is a polymerized alkene oxide (water soluble polyether with 10 to 100 units length typically). They are prepared by polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide in the same molecule. Depending on the ratio and order of oxide addition, together with the number of carbon atoms which vary the chemical and physical properties, nonionic surfactant is used as a wetting agent, a detergent, or an emulsifier. 

APPLICATIONS
Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP: 6), transparent, colorless and form liquid is a raw material with a distinctive odor.Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP: 6), are used as nonionic surface active in all cleaning jobs. Good emulsifier, detergent industry, textile, car care products and many more are used as industrial cleaners and emulsifiers.Nonylphenol Ethoxylate 6 Mole is used in cleaners, detergents, textile processing, dust control, paints & coatings, and in leather industry. It is a light yellow colored viscous liquid having phenolic odor. This compound can be formulated by acid-catalyzed alkylation of phenol with mixture of nonenes. It is also used in the production of antioxidants, emulsifiers, and lubricant oil additives.Light yellow viscous liquid with phenolic smell. Alcohol ethoxylates, clear to yellowish liquid to waxy solids depending on alkyl chain length and the number of ethoxy groups, are non ionic surfactants which contain both hydrophobic tail portion (alcohol part) and hydrophilic polar head groups (ethoxy chain part), and are thus tend to dissolve in both aqueous and oil phase and to reduce the surface tension of liquids. Ethylene oxide (also called epoxyethane and oxirane) is the simplest cyclic ether or epoxide, with the formula C2H4O; reactive material which is added to the base of alcohols (or amines) to form ethoxylated surfactants. The Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) of EO surfactant is related to the hydrophilic portion of the molecule. More hydrophilic groups enable more solubility in water as more hydrogen bondings exist. They are non-ionic in solution which has no electrical charge, which means well-work in hard water at low temperatures as well as stability in acid and alkali solution and compatibility with other surfactants. Generally, surfactant's name are formed by adding the mole number of ethylene oxide. There is a wide HLB range depend their molar ratios between nonylphenol and E.O. The common mole ratio forms for detergency are NPE 9 - 12, where the number indicates ethoxylate chain length. The lower number mole ratio products are used as wetting agent whereas the higher moles ratio products are emulsifiers and solubilizer. Nonylphenol ethoxylates features excelent emulsifying and high detergency properties.

USES
Cleaning product formulations, Paints and coatings, Emulsion polymerization, Anywhere there is a need for increased surface activity, Deliver a combination of economy and performance, Excellent detergency and wetting, Good solubilization and emulsification.Nonylphenol is used in manufacturing antioxidants, lubricating oil additives, laundry and dish detergents, emulsifiers, and solubilizers.[2] It can also be used to produce tris(4-nonyl-phenyl) phosphite (TNPP), which is an antioxidant used to protect polymers, such as rubber, Vinyl polymers, polyolefins, and polystyrenics in addition to being a stabilizer in plastic food packaging. Barium and calcium salts of nonylphenol are also used as heat stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Nonylphenol is also often used an intermediate in the manufacture of the non-ionic surfactants nonylphenol ethoxylates, which are used in detergents, paints, pesticides, personal care products, and plastics. Nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates are only used as components of household detergents outside of Europe. Nonionic surfactants include alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, phenol ethoxylates, amide ethoxylates, glyceride ethoxylates (soya bean oil and caster oil ethoxylates), fatty acid ethoxylates, and fatty amine ethoxylates. Another commercially significant nonionic surfactants are the alkyl glycosides in which the hydrophilic groups are sugars 

SOLUBILITY
Dispersible in water, Soluble in chlorinated solvents and most polar and non-polar solvents and oils, Chemically stable in the presence of dilute acids, bases and salts, Compatible with soaps, anionic and other nonionic surfactants, and many organic solvents.Alkylphenols like nonylphenol and bisphenol A have estrogenic effects in the body. They are known as xenoestrogens.[25] Estrogenic substances and other endocrine disruptors are compounds that have hormone-like effects in both wildlife and humans. Xenoestrogens usually function by binding to estrogen receptors and acting competitively against natural estrogens. Nonylphenol has been shown to mimic the natural hormone 17β-estradiol, and it competes with the endogeous hormone for binding with the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ.[2] Nonylphenol was discovered to have hormone-like effects by accident because it contaminated other experiments in laboratories that were studying natural estrogens that were using polystyrene tubes. Nonylphenol has been shown to act as an obesity enhancing chemical or obesogen, though it has paradoxically been shown to have anti-obesity properties. Growing embryos and newborns are particularly vulnerable when exposed to nonylphenol because low-doses can disrupt sensitive processes that occur during these important developmental periods. NP: 90% w/w. Impurities: 2-nonylphenol (5% w/w); 2,4-dinonylphenol (5% w/w). NPE: no data have been found. The same impurities as in the starting material (NP) may be expected. Possible content of traces of ethylene oxide or its degradation product, 1,4-dioxane.
 

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