OLEIC DIETHANOLAMIDE

Oleic diethanolamide is typically a yellowish or amber-colored liquid. 
It functions as a surfactant, emulsifier, and foaming agent, and is commonly used in formulations for cleaning and personal care. 
Its mildness makes it suitable for sensitive skin products.
 
CAS Number:
68603-19-4
 
Synonyms:
Oleic acid diethanolamide,Diethanolamide of oleic acid,N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) oleamide,Oleamide diethanolamine,Oleic acid N-(2-hydroxyethyl)amide
 
Introduction
Overview of Oleic Diethanolamide
Oleic Diethanolamide (also known as oleamide diethanolamine) is an organic compound that belongs to the class of amides derived from oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid.
Oleic Diethanolamide is widely used in a variety of industries, most notably in the formulation of surfactants, emulsifiers, and personal care products. 
It is a key ingredient in many shampoos, body washes, and cleaning agents, due to its emulsifying properties.
 
Historical Development and Discovery
Oleic acid, the parent compound of Oleic Diethanolamide, has been known for centuries due to its prevalence in animal fats and vegetable oils. 
The synthesis of Oleic Diethanolamide began in the mid-20th century when researchers sought to develop more effective surfactants and emulsifiers. 
The compound quickly gained popularity in the chemical and personal care industries due to its mildness and effectiveness.
 
Chemical Properties
Detailed Chemical Structure
Oleic Diethanolamide is derived by reacting oleic acid with diethanolamine. 
Its chemical structure consists of an amide group (-CONH-) bonded to a fatty acid chain (C18H34O2). The diethanolamine part of the molecule contains two ethanol groups (-CH2CH2OH) attached to a nitrogen atom. 
This structure imparts both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, making it an excellent emulsifier and surfactant.
 
Molecular Formula
The molecular formula of Oleic Diethanolamide is C20H41NO2. 
It consists of 20 carbon atoms, 41 hydrogen atoms, one nitrogen atom, and two oxygen atoms.
 
Physical and Chemical Properties
Molecular Weight: 341.54 g/mol
Appearance: Oleic Diethanolamide is typically a viscous, pale yellow to amber-colored liquid.
Solubility: It is moderately soluble in water and highly soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, and chloroform.
Boiling Point: Approximately 360°C (in vacuum)
Density: 0.98 g/cm³ at 25°C
Melting Point: -7°C
pH: The pH of a 1% aqueous solution is typically slightly acidic, around 5.5 to 6.5.
Stability: Oleic Diethanolamide is stable under standard conditions, but it can degrade under extreme temperatures or acidic conditions.
 
Behavior in Various Conditions
Oleic Diethanolamide exhibits amphiphilic behavior, meaning it has both hydrophobic (water-repelling) and hydrophilic (water-attracting) components. 
This property enables it to act as a surfactant, lowering surface tension and aiding in the mixing of oil and water. 
It is also temperature-stable and can be used in a wide range of pH conditions, making it adaptable for different formulations.
 
Synthesis and Production
Manufacturing Processes
The synthesis of Oleic Diethanolamide involves the reaction of oleic acid (or oleic acid derivatives) with diethanolamine. 
The reaction typically occurs in the presence of a catalyst at elevated temperatures (100-150°C), forming an amide bond between the fatty acid and the diethanolamine. 
The process can be carried out under neutral or mildly alkaline conditions to avoid hydrolysis.
 
Raw Materials and Chemicals Used
Oleic Acid: Obtained from plant oils (e.g., olive oil) or animal fats.
Diethanolamine: A synthetic compound used as a building block for surfactants and emulsifiers.
Catalysts: In some cases, a mild base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is used to speed up the reaction.
Solvents: Organic solvents such as toluene or xylene may be used in the process, depending on the specific formulation.
 
Reaction Mechanisms and Conditions
The synthesis of Oleic Diethanolamide is an esterification reaction where the carboxyl group of oleic acid reacts with the amino group of diethanolamine to form the amide bond. The reaction typically proceeds as follows:
 
Oleic Acid + Diethanolamine → Oleic Diethanolamide + Water
 
The reaction is conducted under controlled temperature and pressure conditions to optimize the yield and minimize by-product formation.
 
Applications
Industrial Uses
Oleic Diethanolamide is widely used in the chemical and manufacturing industries as an emulsifier, surfactant, and dispersing agent. 
It is incorporated into formulations for paints, coatings, adhesives, and lubricants due to its ability to improve dispersion and enhance product stability.
 
Use in Personal Care and Cosmetic Products
In the personal care industry, Oleic Diethanolamide is a common ingredient in shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and lotions. 
Its surfactant properties help in emulsifying oils and water-based ingredients, contributing to a smooth and uniform texture. 
It is valued for its mildness, making it suitable for sensitive skin formulations.
 
Applications in Detergents and Emulsions
Oleic Diethanolamide is used in household cleaning products such as detergents, dishwashing liquids, and all-purpose cleaners. 
It helps in breaking down oils and greases, making cleaning more efficient. 
Its ability to stabilize emulsions also makes it useful in products like hand creams and makeup removers.
 
Other Relevant Uses
In Agriculture: Oleic Diethanolamide can be used as a dispersing agent in pesticide formulations, improving the even distribution of the active ingredients.
 
In the Pharmaceutical Industry: It can be used as a solubilizer for active ingredients in topical pharmaceutical formulations.
 
Benefits and Drawbacks
Advantages in Specific Formulations
Mildness: Oleic Diethanolamide is gentle on the skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin products.
Biodegradability: It is biodegradable and thus has a lower environmental impact compared to some other surfactants.
Stability: It is stable across a wide range of pH levels and temperatures, making it versatile for various formulations.
 
Limitations and Challenges in Usage
Viscosity: Oleic Diethanolamide can be viscous at room temperature, which may require adjustments in formulation or the addition of solvents to achieve desired consistency.
Cost: The raw materials and production process may be more expensive compared to simpler surfactants.
Potential for Skin Irritation: Though mild, it can cause irritation in sensitive individuals at high concentrations.
 
Environmental Impact and Management
Ecological Impact
Oleic Diethanolamide is considered to have a relatively low environmental impact compared to other synthetic surfactants.
It is biodegradable, meaning it breaks down in the environment and does not accumulate in aquatic systems. 
However, like all chemicals, it should still be used responsibly to avoid any potential negative effects on ecosystems.
 
Waste Management and Disposal Considerations
Oleic Diethanolamide waste should be disposed of following local regulations, with recommendations for incineration or treatment at certified waste disposal facilities. 
It should not be released directly into water systems to avoid potential pollution.
 
Environmental Regulations
Various environmental agencies have established guidelines for the use and disposal of surfactants like Oleic Diethanolamide. 
It complies with many environmental standards for biodegradability and toxicity. 
Regulatory bodies such as the U.S. EPA and EU REACH have specific criteria for surfactant substances used in consumer products.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT OLEIC DIETHANOLAMIDE

 
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician. 
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
 
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. 
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately. 
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
 
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
 
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting. 
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. 
Rinse mouth with water. 
Consult a physician.
 
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
 
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. 
 
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. 
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
 
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
 
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. 
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
 
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
 
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. 
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
 
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
 
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles. 
Faceshield (8-inch minimum). 
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
 
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves. 
Gloves must be inspected prior to use. 
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. 
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. 
Wash and dry hands.
 
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
 
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. 
 
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. 
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. 
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
 
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. 
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
 
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. 
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product