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CAS: 79-81-2
MF: C36H60O2
MW: 524.86
EINECS: 201-228-5
General Description
Certified pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to pharmacopeia primary standards.
Retinyl palmitate belongs to a category of compounds called retinoids, which are chemically similar to Palmitic alcohol.
Palmitic alcohol exhibits a beneficial effect on vision, skin and immune function, inhibits cell proliferation and prevents cancer.
Palmitic alcohol is an important dietary as well as a therapeutic compound.
Palmitic alcohol is a fat-soluble vitamin that has antioxidant properties.
Palmitic alcohol is available as a supplement in the form of retinol and retinyl palmitate.
Palmitic alcohol is an inactive form of vitamin A that can be converted to retinol in vivo by esterases and other enzymes.
The conversion of Palmitic alcohol to retinol may be inhibited by various substances, such as estradiol benzoate.
This conversion leads to the formation of free radicals, which cause oxidative injury to cells.
Studies have shown that Palmitic alcohol can be toxic for humans because it interferes with the synthesis of mucin, an important constituent of human lungs and airways.
Palmitic alcohol also alters gene expression in some experimental models, leading to changes in cell growth or death.
Palmitic alcohol is an ester of retinol in combination with palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid that is a major component of palm oil.
Palmitic alcohol is readily absorbed by the skin and then converted to retinol.
Palmitic alcohol is a yellow or yellow-red solid or oily substance.
Palmitic alcohol is used in the cosmetic industry as an opacifier in shampoos, or as an emollient, emulsifier or thickening agent in the manufacture of skin creams and lotions.
Palmitic alcohol is also employed as a lubricant for nuts and bolts, and is the active ingredient in some "liquid pool covers" (forming a non-volatile surface layer to reduce water evaporation, related latent vaporization heat loss, and thus to retain heat in the pool).
Moreover, Palmitic alcohol can also be used as a non-ionic co-surfactant in emulsion applications.
Palmitic alcohol, also known as hexadecan-1-ol and Cetyl alcohol, is a C-16 fatty alcohol with the formula CH3(CH2)15OH.
At room temperature, cetyl alcohol takes the form of a waxy white solid or flakes.
Uses
Palmitic alcohol is an ester derivative of Retinol (R252000).
Palmitic alcohol is used as a vitamin supplement in the treatment of Vitamin A deficiency.
Palmitic alcohol te is used as an antioxidant and a source of vitamin A added to low fat milk and other dairy products.
Palmitic alcohol is also a constituent of some topically applied skin care products.
Palmitic alcohol is a skin conditioner.
This retinoid is considered a milder version of retinoic acid, given Palmitic alcohol's conversion properties.
once on the skin, Palmitic alcohol converts to retinol, which in turn converts to retinoic acid.
Physiologically, Palmitic alcohol is credited with increasing R epidermal thickness, stimulating the production of more epidermal protein, and increasing skin elasticity.
Cosmetically, Palmitic alcohol is used to reduce the number and depth of fine lines and wrinkles, and prevent skin roughness resulting from uV exposure.
Secondary reactions such as erythema, dryness, or irritation are not associated with retinyl palmitate.
Palmitic alcohol is even more effective when used in combination with glycolic acid because it achieves greater penetration.
In the united States, Palmitic alcohol's maximum usage level in cosmetic formulations is 2 percent.
Palmitic alcohol is the ester of retinol and palmitic acid.
Palmitic alcohol is known as a skin “normalizer.”
Palmitic alcohol acts as an antikeratinizing agent, helping the skin stay soft and plump, and improving its water-barrier properties.
Because of Palmitic alcohol's impact on the skin’s water-barrier properties, it is useful against dryness, heat, and pollution.
Palmitic alcohol is also an anti-oxidant and is suggested for use in sunscreens.
Clinical studies with Palmitic alcohol indicate a significant change in skin composition, with increases in collagen, DnA, skin thickness, and elasticity.
Palmitic alcohol’s stability is superior to retinol.
Palmitic alcohol ophthalmic gel is widely used in clinical practice, it is mainly aimed at repairing the function of goblet cells and reversing cell cornification.
Conjunctival goblet cells are an important component of the conjunctival epithelium, the main function of mucin secretion, protection and lubrication of the ocular surface.
Inflammation caused by allergic conjunctivitis, Sjogren's syndrome, burns, etc., will damage goblet cells, resulting in abnormal mucin layer.
Palmitic alcohol can be absorbed through the skin, anti-keratinization, stimulate the growth of collagen and elastin, increase the thickness of the epidermis and dermis.
Enhance skin elasticity, effectively eliminate wrinkles, promote skin renewal, maintain skin vitality.
For eye cream, Moisturizing Cream, repair cream, shampoo, hair conditioner, etc.
Palmitic alcohol is a vitamin A analog that inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell differentiation.
Palmitic alcohol is used as a dietary supplement as a lipophilic base for eg: soft gelatin capsule.
Other applications include as pharmaceutical product which is used for manufacturing aqueous solutions using solubilizing agents such as cremophor.
Palmitic alcohol is also used in the fortification of fatty foods such as margarine, spreads, oils, milk and dairy products.
Palmitic alcohol is used in cosmetics for the preparation of creams and lotions.
Palmitic alcohol is a common vitamin supplement, available in both oral and injectable forms for treatment of vitamin A deficiency, under the brand names Aquasol A, Palmitate A and many others.
Palmitic alcohol is a constituent of intra ocular treatment for dry eyes at a concentration of 138 μg/g (VitA-Pos) by Ursapharm.
Palmitic alcohol is a pre-formed version of vitamin A; therefore, the intake should not exceed the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).
Overdosing preformed Vitamin A forms such as Palmitic alcohol leads to adverse physiological reactions.
Palmitic alcohol is used as an antioxidant and a source of vitamin A added to low fat milk and other dairy products to replace the vitamin content lost through the removal of milk fat.
Palmitic alcohol is attached to the alcohol form of vitamin A, retinol, in order to make vitamin A stable in milk.
Palmitic alcohol is also a constituent of some topically applied skin care products.
After its absorption into the skin, Palmitic alcohol is converted to retinol, and ultimately to retinoic acid (the active form of vitamin A present in Retin-A), though neither its skin absorption nor its conversion is very effective.
Palmitic alcohol Chemical Properties
Melting point: 28-29℃
Boiling point: 546.51°C (rough estimate)
density: 0.9668 (rough estimate)
refractive index: 1.5250 (estimate)
Fp: 194℃
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly), Methanol (Very Slightly)
form: oil
color: Light Yellow to Yellow
Specific Gravity: 0.90～0.93 (20℃)
Water Solubility: Soluble in chloroform, ether, and vegetable oils. Insoluble in water.
Merck: 13,10073
BRN: 1917366
Stability: Light Sensitive
InChIKey: VYGQUTWHTHXGQB-YFAKFODJSA-N
LogP: 15.51 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 79-81-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Palmitic alcohol(79-81-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: Palmitic alcohol (79-81-2)
Synonyms
retinyl palmitate
VITAMIN A PALMITATE
79-81-2
Retinol palmitate
Retinol, hexadecanoate
all-trans-Retinyl palmitate
Arovit
Optovit-A
Retinyl hexadecanoate
Aquapalm
Dispatabs Tabs
Vitazyme A
Optovit A
Axerophthol palmitate
trans-Retinol palmitate
trans-Retinyl palmitate
[(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl] hexadecanoate
Lutavit A 500 Plus
all-trans-Retinol palmitate
Arovit (Roche)
all-trans-Vitamin A palmitate
Aquasol A (TN)
Retinyl (Vitamin A) Palmitate
Retinol palmitate [JAN]
O~15~-hexadecanoylretinol
NSC-758478
1D1K0N0VVC
Retinol, palmitate, all-trans
Ester found in fish liver oils
Retinol palmitate (6CI,7CI)
CHEBI:17616
Palmitic acid, ester with retinol
Retinol, palmitate, all-trans- (8CI)
NCGC00095056-03
DSSTox_CID_1241
DSSTox_RID_76033
DSSTox_GSID_21241
(2E,4E,6E,8E)-Hexadecanoic acid 3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-nona-2, 4,6,8,tetraenyl ester
Vitamin A Solubilized
CAS-79-81-2
(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-yl hexadecanoate
SMR000112463
CCRIS 3280
Retinol, palmitate, all-trans-
EINECS 201-228-5
UNII-1D1K0N0VVC
BRN 1917366
retinylpalmitate
retinol-palmitate
retinyl-palmitate
Retinol, all-trans-, palmitate
Palmitic acid retinol
Retinyl palmitic acid
Vitamin- A palmitate
Retinyl hexadecanoic acid
Spectrum5_001201
All-(e)-retinol palmitate
bmse000501
EC 201-228-5
Retinol palmitate (JP17)
CHEMBL1675
SCHEMBL41649
MLS001332437
MLS001332438
SPECTRUM1503604
all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate
DTXSID1021241
RETINYL PALMITATE [INCI]
HMS500M11
RETINYL PALMITATE [VANDF]
VITAMIN A PALMITATE [MI]
HMS1922E10
HMS2093G13
HMS2268C06
Pharmakon1600-01503604
RETINOL PALMITATE [WHO-DD]
RETINYL PALMITATE [USP-RS]
(2E,4E,6,8E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-yl palmitate
AMY13840
HY-B1384
VAE 16:0
VITAMIN A PALMITATE [VANDF]
ZINC8214494
Tox21_113452
Tox21_303008
CCG-39342
LMPR01090013
MFCD00019414
NSC758478
s4126
retinol, O~15~-(1-oxohexadecyl)-
AKOS015918435
NSC 758478
Vitamin A palmitate, 1.7 M.I.U./g
IDI1_000249
NCGC00095056-01
NCGC00095056-02
NCGC00256427-01
AC-20001
VITAMIN A PALMITATE [ORANGE BOOK]
SBI-0051830.P002
ALL-(E)-RETINOL PALMITATE [WHO-IP]
CS-0013116
C02588
C76552
D00164
AB00052360_04
A839762
SR-05000001910
VITAMIN A PALMITATE (SOLUBILIZED) [VANDF]
Q7316807
SR-05000001910-1
Retinyl palmitate (Vitamin A palmitate; Retinol palmitate)
Retinyl palmitate, potency: >=1,700,000 USP units per g
VITAMIN A (AS PALMITATE & BETA CAROTENE) [VANDF]
Retinyl palmitate, Type IV, ~1,800,000 USP units/g, oil
Retinyl palmitate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
[3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl] hexadecanoate
3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6,-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol palmitate
(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-en-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonateetraen-1-yl-palmitate
(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl palmitate
110067-62-4
hexadecanoic acid [(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl] ester
Retinyl Palmitate (Vitamin A Palmitate), Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Retinyl palmitate solution, 100 mug/mL (Ethanol with 0.1% (w/v) BHT), ampule of 1 mL, certified reference material
