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Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is a polysorbate-type nonionic surfactant formed by the ethoxylation of sorbitan monolaurate.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20's stability and relative nontoxicity allows it to be used as a detergent and emulsifier in a number of domestic, scientific, and pharmacological applications.
As the name implies, the ethoxylation process leaves the molecule with 20 repeat units of polyethylene glycol; in practice these are distributed across 4 different chains, leading to a commercial product containing a range of chemical species.
CAS: 9005-64-5
MF: C26H50O10
MW: 522.6692
EINECS: 500-018-3
Synonyms
Polisorbate 20- PS 20;Tween 20 (Trademark of ICI America, Inc.);Tween 20 ;Tween 20 1LT;Twain 20;TWEEN(R) 20 Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 40%;ACRYL/BIS 37.5:1 PREMIXED PWD ULTRA PURE;TWEEN 20 ELECTROPHORESIS GRADE
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20, whose common commercial names includes Alkest TW 20 and Polysorbate 20, is a mild nonionic surfactant formed by the ethoxylation of sorbitan before the addition of lauric acid which is a medium-chain fatty acid found mainly in coconut oil.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is allowed to be used as the emulsifier, detergent, dispersant, solvent and stabilizer, etc. in a number of fields such as pharmaceutical, chemical, food, textile and other industries due to its stability and relative non-toxicity.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is widely applied in biological techniques and sciences, which can be added to buffers and reagents for immunohistochemistry, such as Western blots and ELISAs, helping to prevent non-specific antibody binding, decrease background staining and enhance reagent spreading. Besides, Tween 20 also has applications in food production as a common food grade additive which are found in many consumables on the market today.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 can also be used as a wetting agent in flavored mouth drops such as Ice Drops, in oral or non-gastrointestinal suspensions and in rubber balers in the elastomer industry.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is a polymer composed of PEG-ylated sorbitan, where the total number of poly(ethylene glycol) units is 20 (w + x + y + z = 20) and a single terminal is capped by a dodecanoyl group.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is a surfactant and emulsifier used in cleaners and personal care products.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant generally used as emulsifiers, dispersing agent and solubilizer.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is a polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monolaurate, which can be used as an emulsifier for o/w emulsions and is also a highly effective solubiliser for lipophilic oils.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is suitable for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications and complies with the current European Pharmacopoeia.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is known as Polysorbate 20, is a common non-ionic emulsifier and surfactant.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20’s function is to help water and oil mix more stably.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 reduces the “repulsion” between the aqueous phase and the oil phase, prevents the system from separating easily, and thus improves the overall stability and user experience of the product.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 98.9 °C (decomp)
Boiling point: 100 °C
density: 1.11 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: <1.4 hPa (20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.468(lit.)
FEMA: 2915 | POLYSORBATE 20
Fp: >230 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: 100 g/L
form: viscous liquid
Specific Gravity: 1.090～1.130 (20/20℃)
color: Amber
PH Range: 7
Odor: mild alcohol odor
PH: 6-8 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
biological source: synthetic
Odor Type: alcoholic
Water Solubility: 100 g/L
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 16.7
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Cosmetics Ingredients: Functions SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING
SURFACTANT - CLEANSING
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR): Polysorbate 20 (9005-64-5)
InChI:1S/C26H50O10/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-24(30)34-19-18-31-20-22(32-15-12-27)26-25(35-17-14-29)23(21-36-26)33-16-13-28/h22-23,25-29H,2-21H2,1H3
InChIKey: HMFKFHLTUCJZJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EPA Substance Registry System: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 (9005-64-5)
Absorption: = 0.025 at 254nm at 0.05% (w/v)
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is a mixture of laurate partial esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides condensed with approximately 20 mole of ethylene oxide (C2H4O) for each mole of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 has a faint, characteristic odor and a warm, somewhat bitter taste.
Uses
Used for solubilizing membrane proteins during isolation and purification.Polysorbate 20 is used as a wetting agent in flavored mouth drops.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 acts as a washing agent in Western blots and ELISAs and prevents antibody binding.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is a solubilizing agent of membrane proteins.
In pharmaceutical chemistry, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is used as an excipient to stabilize emulsions and suspensions.
Further, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is used as a dispersing agent, stabilizer, lubricator and also used in creams, salves, ointments, protective creams, balms, pomades, lipsticks, mascaras and glosses.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is a solubilizer, emulsifier, viscosity modifier, and stabilizer of essential oils in water.
Food applications
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is used as a wetting agent in flavored mouth drops such as Ice Drops, helping to provide a spreading feeling to other ingredients like SD alcohol and mint flavor.
The World Health Organization has suggested acceptable daily intake limits of 0–25 mg of polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters per kg body weight.
Biotechnical applications
In biological techniques and sciences, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 has a broad range of applications. For example, it is used:
as a washing agent in immunoassays, such as Western blots and ELISAs.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 helps to prevent non-specific antibody binding.
In this major application, it is dissolved in Tris-buffered saline or phosphate buffered saline at dilutions of 0.05% to 0.5% v/v.
These buffers are used for washes between each immunoreaction, to remove unbound immunologicals, and eventually for incubating solutions of immunoreagents (labeled antibodies) to reduce nonspecific background.
to saturate binding sites on surfaces (i.e., to coat polystyrene microplates, generally combined with proteins such as BSA).
to stabilize proteins purified protein derivative (PPD) solution used in skin testing for tuberculosis exposure
as a solubilizing agent of membrane proteins
for lysing mammalian cells, at a concentration of 0.05% to 0.5% v/v, generally combined with other detergents, salts and additives.
Pharmaceutical applications
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical applications to stabilize emulsions and suspensions.
Industrial and domestic applications
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is used in many brands of baby wipes.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is used by philatelists to remove stamps from envelopes and to remove residues from stamps, without harming the stamp itself.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 is also used as wetting agent in rubber balers in the elastomer industry.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 has been used as a shape directing agent to synthesize spheroidal magnetite nanoassemblies.
Preparation
polysorbate 20 is prepared by condensing the partial esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides with ethylene oxide to effect an oxyethylene copolymerization at the free hydroxyl groups.
Health effects
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 was a skin irritant in dermatitis patients but was reported not to induce irritant responses when applied to the intact skin of health volunteers.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20 produced, at worst, minimal irritation in the eyes of rabbits.
Only a small number of cases of skin sensitization have been reported in humans, although a moderate to strong sensitizing potential was seen in guinea-pigs treated by intradermal injection.
