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Polysorbate 80 (E433) is a non-ionic emulsifier used to stabilize oil-in-water formulations.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) improves the dispersion of oils, flavors, fragrances, and active ingredients in water-based systems.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) has strong emulsifying performance makes it suitable for food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.
CAS Number: 9005-65-6
EC Number: 500-019-9
Chemical Formula: C64H124O26
Molecular Weight: 1310 g/mol
Synonyms: Polysorbate 80, Tween 80, E433, INS 433, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate, PEG-20 sorbitan monooleate, Sorbitan monooleate ethoxylated, Ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate, Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monooleate, Sorbitan oleate polyoxyethylene ether, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan oleate, POE sorbitan monooleate, Non-ionic emulsifier, Non-ionic surfactant
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is an amber viscous liquid that is easily soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol, but insoluble in mineral oil.
The hydroxyl value is between 65 and 82, the saponification value is between 43 and 55, the acid value is less than or equal to 2, the moisture is less than or equal to 3, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value is 15. Polysorbate 80 (E433) is the most popular product in the polysorbate series.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) can be applied to various industries such as medicine, cosmetics, food, paint and pigment, textiles, and pesticides.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is regarded as an emulsifier, dispersant, wetting agent, solubilizer and stabilizer.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is the abbreviation of “polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate”, is a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier commonly used in food (with the European food additive number E433) and cosmetics mainly due to its ability to mix water-based and oil-based ingredients well (with a high approximate HLB value 15).
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is a powerful emulsifier and surfactant widely used in the chemical, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
Polysorbate 80 (E433), with the chemical formula C64H124O26, is produced from sorbitol, ethylene oxide, and oleic acid derivatives.
Polysorbate 80 (E433)'s most well-known names in the industry include Tween 80, E433, and Polysorbate 80 (E433).
Polysorbate 80 (E433) in liquid form, facilitates the mixing of oil and water, helping products to become more stable, homogeneous, and long-lasting.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is an emulsifier that reduces the surface tension between immiscible liquids.
The lower surface tension allows the two liquids to share a larger contact surface.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier produced from sorbitan, oleic acid, and ethylene oxide.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is widely used to mix oil and water phases, stabilize emulsions, and improve dispersion in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial formulations.
In food applications, Polysorbate 80 (E433) functions mainly as an emulsifier, stabilizer, solubilizer, and dispersing agent.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, also known as Polysorbate 80 (E433), is an organic chemical compound from the polysorbate group.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is an emulsifier, stabilizer and foaming agent used mainly in the food industry.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is a synthetic substance, obtained by esterifying vegetable oil (usually soybean oil) with sorbitol and then ethoxylating the resulting product.
Applications of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used in ice cream, desserts, sauces, dressings, bakery products, confectionery, beverages, flavor systems, creams, lotions, shampoos, pharmaceuticals, and industrial formulations.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) helps improve texture, uniformity, stability, and ingredient distribution in oil-in-water systems.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is especially useful where oils, flavors, fragrances, active ingredients, or hydrophobic materials need to be dispersed into water-based formulations.
Major Application:
In The Foam Industry:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is a nonionic surfactant widely used in foam production.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used as a stabilizer and co-foaming agent in the production of polyurethane foam.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) emulsifier has significant electrolyte resistance and can effectively reduce foam surface tension and improve foam stability, thereby enhancing foam performance and quality.
Uses of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is widely used in the food industry as an emulsifier, foaming agent and stabilizer.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is often used in the production of ice cream, margarine, sauces, desserts, as well as in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) helps water-based liquids and oil-based components mix easily.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is a multifunctional compound that can be safely used in food as an emulsifier, defoamer, dissolving and dispersing agent, surfactant, wetting agent, and adjuvant.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used as a dissolver in pickles to disperse their flavor and color.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used as a defoamer in the fermentation process of some wines.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used to bind foods together and keep sauces smooth.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used to make ice cream smoother and easier to handle, and to increase its resistance to melting.
Polysorbate prevents milk proteins from completely coating fat droplets, thus providing a firmer texture that retains its shape as the ice cream melts.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used in vitamin supplements; as a dissolving and dispersing agent in fat-soluble vitamins and vitamin-mineral preparations.
In pharmacy, Polysorbate 80 (E433) functions as an emulsifier, solubilizing agent, or suspension stabilizer in various pharmaceutical formulations, such as solid, semi-solid, and liquid dosage forms.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Polysorbate 80 (E433) can be used as an emulsifier and stabilizer in various vaccines and as a lubricant in eye drops.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used to improve the consistency of gel capsules and to facilitate the dissolution of pills in the stomach.
In cosmetic grade, Polysorbate 80 (E433) helps mix oil and water in cosmetic and personal care products.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) makes products appear creamier and more appealing.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is found in shampoos, facial cleansers, mouthwashes, hair care products, body oils, and soaps.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) can also improve the rinsing of waterless scrubs and cleansing oils.
Use of Polysorbate 80 (E433) in the Food Industry:
The role of Polysorbate 80 (E433) in foods is to improve the texture and stability of the products.
Main areas of use:
Ice cream production:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) provides a smoother texture and slower melting.
Sauces and dressings:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) prevents the separation of fat and water.
Vitamin supplements:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) ensures the distribution of fat-soluble vitamins.
Pickles and flavored products:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) regulates taste and color distribution.
Wine production:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used as a defoamer.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is known as food additive code E433.
Use in the Pharmaceutical and Pharmacy Industry:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is an important excipient in pharmaceutical formulations.
Functions:
Emulsifier and stabilizer in vaccines and injections
Lubricant in eye drops
Thickness regulator in gel capsules
Soluble agent in tablets and syrups
Dispersant in suspensions
Increases bioavailability by ensuring homogeneous distribution of the active ingredient in pharmaceuticals.
Uses in Cosmetics and Personal Care Products:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) enables the combination of oils with water-based formulas in cosmetic products.
Products in which Polysorbate 80 (E433) is used:
Shampoos and hair care products
Cleansing oils
Skin care creams
Perfume and essence solvents
Soap production
Enables the dissolution of essential oils in water and helps products appear more homogeneous.
Industrial Applications:
Emulsifier in pesticide production
Surface active agent in cleaning products
Stabilizer in chemical formulations
Properties of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is characterized by its ability to form stable oil-in-water emulsions, making it an excellent ingredient in many food products.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) also has the ability to reduce surface tension, making it easier to distribute fat in water.
Manufacturing of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Polysorbates (20,40, 60, 65, 80) are the ethoxylated sorbitan esters which are manufactured by the reaction among sorbitol, a specific fatty acid, and ethylene oxide (an average of 20 polymerized ethylene oxide per molecule of Polysorbate 80 (E433)).
The fatty acid used for the production of Polysorbate 80 (E433) is oleic acid.
According to the FDA, there are generally two steps in the manufacturing process of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Esterification between oleic acid and sorbitol to obtain sorbitan esters.
Condensation sorbitan esters with ethylene oxide.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) can also be produced by reacting sorbitol and ethylene oxide first then esterified with oleic acid, the following are the brief flow chart:
Obtaining the mixture of sorbitol and sorbitan by partially dehydrating sorbitol.
Adding ethylene oxide to the mixture to obtain sorbitan polyethylene ether.
Reacting it with oleic acid.
Physical and Chemical Properties of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is soluble in water and most solvents such as ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, and toluene.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is a golden-colored, viscous liquid.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is a non-ionic surfactant, meaning it has a neutral charge.
Chemistry of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is derived from polyethoxylated sorbitan and oleic acid.
The hydrophilic groups in Polysorbate 80 (E433) are polyethers also known as polyoxyethylene groups, which are polymers of ethylene oxide.
In the nomenclature of polysorbates, the numeric designation following polysorbate refers to the lipophilic group, in this case, the oleic acid (see polysorbate for more detail).
The full chemical names for Polysorbate 80 (E433) are:
Polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate
(x)-sorbitan mono-9-octadecenoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
The critical micelle concentration of Polysorbate 80 (E433) in pure water is reported as 0.012 mM.
Stability and Reactivity of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Chemical stability:
Polysorbate 80 (E433) is stable under recommended storage and handling conditions.
Reactivity:
No dangerous reaction is expected under normal conditions of use.
Polysorbate 80 (E433) may react with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, or strong bases.
Conditions to avoid:
Avoid excessive heat, open flames, direct sunlight, freezing, moisture, and contamination.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, and reactive chemicals.
Hazardous decomposition products:
Thermal decomposition or combustion may produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, smoke, and irritating organic fumes.
Handling and Storage of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Handling:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practices.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Avoid breathing mist, vapors, or aerosols.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep container tightly closed when not in use.
Storage conditions:
Protect from heat, direct sunlight, moisture, freezing, and contamination.
Store away from incompatible materials.
Packaging materials:
Keep in original sealed containers or suitable plastic drums, metal drums, IBC containers, or lined industrial packaging.
Shelf life:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
First Aid Measures of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Inhalation:
Move person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulty, coughing, or irritation occurs, seek medical attention.
Skin contact:
Wash affected area with soap and plenty of water.
Remove contaminated clothing if necessary.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Eye contact:
Rinse cautiously with clean water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
Continue rinsing and seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Seek medical attention if discomfort occurs.
Firefighting Measures of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide.
Unsuitable extinguishing media:
Do not use a direct high-pressure water jet, as Polysorbate 80 (E433) may spread the material or fire.
Specific hazards:
Product may burn under fire conditions.
Combustion may produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, smoke, and irritating organic fumes.
Protective equipment for firefighters:
Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.
Firefighting instructions:
Cool containers exposed to fire with water spray.
Prevent contaminated firefighting water from entering drains or waterways.
Accidental Release Measures of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Personal precautions:
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Avoid breathing mist, vapors, or aerosols.
Spilled material may create a slippery surface.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent material from entering drains, soil, surface water, or waterways.
Methods for containment:
Stop the leak if it is safe to do so.
Contain spilled material with inert absorbent material.
Methods for cleaning up:
Absorb with sand, earth, vermiculite, or other inert absorbent material.
Collect into suitable labeled containers for disposal.
Clean the contaminated area with water and detergent.
Disposal:
Dispose of collected material according to local, regional, and national regulations.
Exposure Controls / Personal Protective of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Engineering controls:
Use adequate ventilation, especially where mist, vapor, or aerosols may be generated.
Respiratory protection:
Normally not required under standard handling conditions.
Use suitable respiratory protection if ventilation is insufficient or aerosol formation occurs.
Hand protection:
Wear protective gloves suitable for chemical handling.
Eye protection:
Wear safety glasses or chemical splash goggles.
Skin and body protection:
Wear suitable protective clothing to prevent prolonged or repeated skin contact.
Hygiene measures:
Wash hands after handling and before eating, drinking, or smoking.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Keep away from food, beverages, and animal feed.
Identifiers of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
E No.: E433
INS No.: 433
CAS No.: 9005-65-6
EC No.: 500-019-9
Chemical type: Non-ionic surfactant
CAS Number: 9005-65-6
ChEMBL: ChEMBL1697847
ChemSpider: none
ECHA InfoCard: 100.105.529
E number: E433 (thickeners, ...)
KEGG: D01067
RTECS number: WG2932500
UNII: 6OZP39ZG8H
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID0021175
CAS Number: 9005-65-6
Chemical Name: Polysorbate 80 (E433)
Molecular Weight: 1310 g/mol
Density: 1.102 g/ml
pH (5% solution): 6–8
Flash Point: 113°C
Chemical Name: Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monooleate
Chemical Formula: C64H124O26
Molecular Weight: 1310 g/mol
CAS Number: 9005-65-6
Boiling Point: > 100 °C
Flash Point: 113 °C
Density: 1.102 g/ml
Properties of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Chemical formula: C64H124O26
Molar mass: 1310 g/mol
Appearance: Amber colored oil
Density: 1.102 g/mL
Boiling point: > 100°C
Solubility in water: 100 mL/L
Solubility in other solvents: soluble in ethanol, cottonseed oil, corn oil, ethyl acetate, methanol, toluene
Viscosity: 300–500 centistokes (@25°C)
Appearance: Yellow to amber viscous liquid
Odor: Mild characteristic odor
Solubility: Soluble or dispersible in water and alcohol
HLB value: Approximately 15.0
Ionic nature: Non-ionic
Specifications of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
Acid value: ≤2.0 mg KOH/g
Saponification value: 45-55 mg KOH/g
Hydroxyl value: 65~80 mg KOH/g
Moisture: ≤3.0 w/%
Residue on ignition: ≤0.25 w/%
Oxyethylen: 65.0~69.5 w/%
Arsenic: ≤ 3 mg/kg
Lead: ≤ 2 mg/kg
Names of Polysorbate 80 (E433):
IUPAC name:
Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate
Other names:
Tween 80
