Quick Search
Polysorbate 80 is a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier often used in pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics.
Polysorbate 80 is a viscous, water-soluble yellow liquid.
A polymer composed of PEG-ylated sorbitan, where the total number of poly(ethylene glycol) units is 20 (w + x + y + z = 20) and a single terminal is capped by an oleoyl group.
CAS: 9005-65-6
MF: C24H44O6
MW: 428.600006103516
EINECS: 500-019-9
Synonyms
CHROMOGENIC SELECTIVE E.COLI 55MM;TRYPTONE SOY BROTH 120X15ML;TRYPTONE SOY BROTH 20X15ML;TWEEN(R) 80 Vetec(TM) reagent grade;CCA COLIFORMS CHROMOGENIC A. (ISO) 55MM;armotanpmo-20;atlox1087;atlox8916tf
Polysorbate 80, commonly known as polysorbate 80, is a synthetic compound that is widely applied in a variety of fields, including foods, medicines, and cosmetics.
In food production, Polysorbate 80 is commonly used as a defoamer for the fermenting process of some wines and as a emulsifier in ice-cream or “puddings” to keep the creamy texture without separating.
Polysorbate 80 is also extensively applied in pharmaceutical industry, where it can be found in some vaccines, vitamins and supplements.
Polysorbate 80 is an effective excipient to stabilize aqueous formulations of medications for parenteral administration and to improve the consistency of gel capsules, thus to make pills disperse in the stomach.
Besides, Polysorbate 80 commonly serve as a surfactant and solubilizer in the production of soaps and cosmetics, which is effective to help dissolve ingredients and make products look creamier and more attractive.
In laboratory, Polysorbate 80 is occasionally used for a test to identify the phenotype of a strain or isolate, such as mycobacteria.
A polymer composed of PEG-ylated sorbitan, where the total number of poly(ethylene glycol) units is 20 (w + x + y + z = 20) and a single terminal is capped by an oleoyl group.
Amber-colored viscous liquid. pH (5% aqueous solution) 5-7.
Faint odor and bitter taste.
Polysorbate 80 is a synthetic surfactant composed of fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan.
Polysorbate 80 is usually available as a chemically diverse mixture of different fatty acid esters, with the oleic acid comprising>58% of the mix.
However, the main component of polysorbate 80 is polyoxyethylene-20-sorbitan monooleate, which is structurally similar to polyethylene glycols.
Polysorbate 80 has a molecular weight of 1309.7 Da and a 1.064 g/ml density.
Polysorbate 80 is used in skincare, cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical products. Polysorbate 80 can solubilise essential oils, fragrances, and other hydrophobic (oil-soluble) substances in water-based formulations.
This allows for the even distribution of different ingredients throughout the product, improving their dispersibility and efficacy.
Commonly used in bath bombs and salts to assist in the dispersal of fragrances and dyes, Polysorbate 80 is a versatile and widely used ingredient that plays a crucial role in the stability and effectiveness of many products.
As a cosmetic ingredient, Its ability to emulsify, solubilise, and stabilise makes Polysorbate 80 invaluable in the formulation of cosmetic products.
Polysorbate 80 is an emulsifying agent consisting of sorbitol, ethylene oxide & oleic acid (polyoxyethylene-80 sorbitan monooleate), oleic acid is derived from vegetable oil.
Purity > 95%.
Saponification value 45-55.
HLB value 15 (gives oil-in-water emulsions).
Non-ionic, multi-purpose emulsifier (enables water and oil to mix).
Emulsifying efficacy is increased when combined with cetyl alcohol or sorbitan stearate. Acts as dispersing agent and anti-static thickener.
Very useful as solubilizer and stabilizer of essential oils.
May be useful as hair growth supplement.
Polysorbate 80 Chemical Properties
Melting point: -25 °C
Boiling point: >100°C
density: 1.08 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: <1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.473
FEMA: 2917 | POLYSORBATE 80
Fp: >230 °F
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility: DMSO (Soluble), Methanol (Slightly)
form: viscous liquid
color: Amber
Specific Gravity: 1.080 (25/4℃)
PH Range: 6
Odor: mild alcoholic
PH: 5-7 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor Type: alcoholic
biological source: synthetic
Water Solubility: 5-10 g/100 mL at 23 ºC
Merck: 14,7582
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 10
Major Application: (ELISA and immunoassays)
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions CLEANSING
SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING
DENATURANT
EMULSION STABILISING
SURFACTANT - CLEANSING
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR): Tween 80 (9005-65-6)
InChIKey: RGPBUVUVZKQNHD-MDZDMXLPSA-N
LogP: 4.392 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System: Polysorbate 80 (9005-65-6)
Polysorbate 80 is a polyethylene sorbitol ester, with a calculated molecular weight of 1,310 daltons, assuming 20 ethylene oxide units, sorbitol, and 1 oleic acid as the primary fatty acid.
Tweens are a series of nonionic surfactants derived from sorbitan esters.
They are soluble or dispersible in water but differ widely in organic and oil solubilities.
Polysorbate 80 has been widely used in biochemical applications including: solubilizing proteins, isolating nuclei from cells in culture,5 growing of tubercule bacilli,6 and emulsifying and dispersing substances in medicinal and food products.
Polysorbate 80 has little or no activity as an anti-bacterial agent1 except it has been shown to have an adverse effect on the antibacterial effect of methyl paraben and related compounds.
Polysorbates have been reported to be incompatible with alkalis, heavy metal salts, phenols, and tannic acid.
They may reduce the activity of many preservatives.
Polysorbate 80 has a faint, characteristic odor and a warm, somewhat bitter taste.
Polysorbate 80 is a mixture of oleate partial esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides condensed with approximately 20 mole of ethylene oxide (C2H4O) for each mole of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides.
Polysorbate 80, commercially known as Tween 80, is a viscous, water-soluble Yellow to amber liquid derived from polyethoxylated sorbitan and oleic acid.
Polysorbate 80 is structurally similar to the (polyethylene) glycols and used both in injections (0.8-8.0%) and in oral suspension (0.375% w/v).
A number of anticancer drugs can be formulated by Tween 80.
Typical examples include etoposide and minor groove-binding cyclopropylpyrroloindole analogues like carzelesin.
Chemistry
Polysorbate 80 is derived from polyethoxylated sorbitan and oleic acid.
The hydrophilic groups in this compound are polyethers also known as polyoxyethylene groups, which are polymers of ethylene oxide.
In the nomenclature of polysorbates, the numeric designation following polysorbate refers to the lipophilic group, in this case, the oleic acid (see polysorbate for more detail).
The full chemical names for polysorbate 80 are:
Polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate
(x)-sorbitan mono-9-octadecenoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
The critical micelle concentration of polysorbate 80 in pure water is reported as 0.012 mM.
Uses
Polysorbate 80 is a general purpose mid-range HLB, ethoxylated, nonionic surfactant suggested for use in textile chemicals (emulsifier, lubricant), household products and cosmetic formulations (o/w emulsifier, viscosity modifier).
Polysorbate 80 is used as an antistat for PVC and as an antifog for PP, PE, PVC, PS.
Polysorbate 80 is used as an emulsifier (ice cream, whipped topping) and as a solubilizing and dispersing agent in pickles and special vitamin-mineral preparations.
Polysorbate 80 is the trade name of a detergent that can be useful in identifying mycobacteria that possess a lipase that splits the compound into oleic acid and polyoxyethylated sorbitol.
Polysorbate 80 is used as an additive for cell culture media.
Polysorbate 80 has numerous effects, e.g. increasing the transformation frequency of Brevibacterium lactofermentum or enhancing the secretion of acid and alkaline phosphatase by Neurospora crassa.
Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) is rapidly removed from systemic circulation.
The polysorbate 80 plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) in a patient administered an intravenous (IV) infusion of docetaxel 35 mg/m2 (polysorbate 80 1.75 g) showed a polysorbate 80 peak concentration of 304 μg/ml.
The AUC for polysorbate 80 was 321.7 mg h/ml, with a short disposition half-life of 1.07 h and a total plasma clearance of 5.44 l/h.
The distribution of polysorbate 80 at steady state was similar to the total blood volume (4.16 l), suggesting that polysorbate 80 circulates as large micelles and does not significantly distribute outside the central compartment.
In vitro studies suggest that polysorbate 80 is metabolized by rapid carboxylesterase-mediated hydrolysis.
Food
Polysorbate 80 is used as an emulsifier in foods.
For example, in ice cream, polysorbate is added up to 0.5% (v/v) concentration to make the ice cream smoother and easier to handle, as well as increasing its resistance to melting.
Adding polysorbate prevents milk proteins from completely coating the fat droplets.
This allows them to join in chains and nets, which hold air in the mixture, and provide a firmer texture that holds its shape as the ice cream melts.
Research using a ex vivo model suggests it may "profoundly impact intestinal microbiota in a manner that promotes gut inflammation and associated disease states."
Health and beauty
Polysorbate 80 is also used as a surfactant in soaps and cosmetics (including eyedrops), or a solubilizer, such as in a mouthwash.
The cosmetic grade of polysorbate 80 may have more impurities than the food grade.
Medical
Polysorbate 80 is a surfactant and solubilizer used in a variety of oral and topical pharmaceutical products.
Polysorbate 80 is also an excipient that is used to stabilize aqueous formulations of medications for parenteral administration, and used as an emulsifier in the making of the antiarrhythmic amiodarone.
Polysorbate 80 is also used as an excipient in some European and Canadian influenza vaccines.
Influenza vaccines contain 2.5 μg of polysorbate 80 per dose.
Polysorbate 80 is found in many vaccines used in the United States, including the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine.
Polysorbate 80 is used in the culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Middlebrook 7H9 broth.
Polysorbate 80 is also used as an emulsifier in the estrogen-regulating drug Estrasorb.
Polysorbate 80 is also used in granulation for stabilization of drugs and excipients when IPA binding.
Laboratory
Some mycobacteria contain a type of lipase (enzyme that breaks up lipid molecules).
When these species are added to a mixture of polysorbate 80 and phenol red, they break down polysorbate 80 and cause the solution to change color, so this is used as a test to identify the phenotype of a strain or isolate.
On RODAC agar plates used in microbiological control, polysorbate 80 counteracts disinfectants often found on sampled surfaces, thereby allowing the microbes found on these surfaces to grow.
