POLYVINYL BUTYRAL

EC / List no.: 614-691-7 / 613-158-6
CAS no.: 68648-78-2 / 63148-65-2

Polyvinyl butyral (or PVB) is a resin mostly used for applications that require strong binding, optical clarity, adhesion to many surfaces, toughness and flexibility. 
Polyvinyl butyral is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol by reaction with butyraldehyde. 
The major application is laminated safety glass for automobile windshields.
Trade names for PVB-films include KB PVB, Saflex, GlasNovations, Butacite, WINLITE, S-Lec, Trosifol and EVERLAM. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) is also available as 3D printer filament that is stronger and more heat resistant than polylactic acid (PLA).

Applications
Automotive and architectural
Laminated glass, commonly used in the automotive and architectural fields, comprises a protective interlayer, usually polyvinyl butyral, bonded between two panels of glass. 
The bonding process takes place under heat and pressure. 
When laminated under these conditions, the Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) interlayer becomes optically clear and binds the two panes of glass together. 
Once sealed together, the glass "sandwich" (i.e., laminate) behaves as a single unit and looks like normal glass. 
The polymer interlayer of Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) is tough and ductile, so brittle cracks will not pass from one side of the laminate to the other.

Colors
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) interlayer can be purchased in colored sheets, such as for the blue or green "shade band" at the top edge of many automobile windshields. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) interlayers can also be purchased in different colors for architectural laminated glass manufacture ranging from Bronze, Gray, Green, Brown, White and many more. 
Discovered in the late 1990s it was found that Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) degraded over time within laminated windows.

Solar modules
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) has gained acceptance among manufacturers of photovoltaic thin film solar modules. 
The photovoltaic circuit is formed on a sheet of glass using thin film deposition and patterning techniques. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) and a second sheet of glass (called back glass) are then placed directly on the circuit. 
The lamination of this sandwich encapsulates the circuit, protecting it from the environment. 
Current is extracted from the module at a sealed terminal box that is attached to the circuit through a hole in the back glass. Another common laminant used in the solar industry is ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA).

Non-film applications
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) resins (provided by the manufacturer in powdered or granulated form) are also utilized in a range of applications including technical ceramic (temporary) binders, inks, dye transfer ribbon inks, paints & coatings (including wash primers), binders for reflective sheet and binders for magnetic media. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) resin is particularly useful at bonding to metals, ceramics and other inorganics.

Properties of PVB-laminated glass
Annealed glass, heat-strengthened, or tempered glass can be used to produce laminated glass. 
While laminated glass will crack if struck with sufficient force, the resulting glass fragments tend to adhere to the interlayer rather than falling free and potentially causing injury.

In practice, the interlayer provides three beneficial properties to laminated glass panes: first, the interlayer functions to distribute impact forces across a greater area of the glass panes, thus increasing the impact resistance of the glass; second, the interlayer functions to bind the resulting shards if the glass is ultimately broken; third the viscoelastic interlayer undergoes plastic deformation during impact and under static loads after impact, absorbing energy and reducing penetration by the impacting object as well as reducing the energy of the impact that is transmitted to impacting object, e.g. a passenger in a car crash. 
Thus, the benefits of laminated glass include safety and security. 
Laminated glass also has decorative applications. The interlayer can be colored or patterned.

History
With only minor modifications, the Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) interlayer sold today is essentially identical to the Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) sold 30 years ago. 
Since its introduction in 1938, the worldwide market for Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) interlayer has been dominated by a handful of large chemical companies. 
As a result, inventive efforts have tended toward methods of making the interlayer itself cheaper to manufacture, or making the interlayer easier to handle and less prone to material defects during the process of fabricating laminated glass.

Other interlayer materials
Other types of interlayer materials are in use, including polyurethanes such as Duraflex-brand thermoplastic polyurethane film, manufactured by Bayer MaterialScience, Leverkusen, Germany.

Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is considered to be an acetal and is formed from the reaction of an aldehyde and alcohol. 
Polyvinyl butyral is made in a way such that the polymer is a mixture of PVB, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), and polyvinyl acetate segments as shown in the figure. 
The relative amounts of these segments are controlled but they are generally randomly distributed through the molecular chain. 
The properties of the polymers can be optimized by controlling the ratios of the three segments.

Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is a special polymer with a wide range of applications. 
Polyvinyl butyralcan be found in many different paints, coatings and adhesives.

Thanks to its many useful properties, it can act as a binder for coatings, primers, metal powder or ceramic as well as an interlayer film in laminated safety glass.

Featuring excellent adhesion and film-forming properties, polyvinyl butyral has already established itself as an essential chemical in the industry. 
With an international network of reliable manufacturers, TER Chemicals is a trusted supplier and distributor of a wide range of high-performance polymers, resins and other specialty chemicals for applications such as coatings, printing,  adhesives and laminated safety glass.

Structure of polyvinyl butyral
Polyvinyl butyral is synthesized by the acetylation of polyvinyl alcohol with butyraldehyde (also known as butanal). 
The chemical belongs to the polyvinyl acetal family.

Polyvinyl alcohol itself is produced through the hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate.
Some of the acetyl groups remain intact after this reaction. 
These residual acetyl groups determine how well the substance dissolves in other chemicals. 
A low degree of acetylation will result in high water solubility, whereas a high degree of acetylation will promote the chemical's ability to dissolve in alcohol.

When it comes to polyvinyl butyral interlayers for laminated glass, complete functionalization (80 percent) is undesirable because unreacted hydroxyl (OH) groups facilitate adhesion to glass surfaces.

Properties of polyvinyl butyral
Polyvinyl butyral, CAS No. 63148-65-2, is a synthetic polymer that is part of the polyvinyl acetal family. 
Polyvinyl butyral is manufactured and processed using thermoplastic methods. 
That is why it appears as a fine, free-flowing white powder. 
The properties of polyvinyl butyral resins vary according to their degree of acetylation and molecular weight. 

Their strength and elasticity depend on their molecular weight, for example. 
In contrast, their water absorption capacity and solubility in non-polar solvents are determined by their degree of acetylation. 
Nevertheless, in general, polyvinyl butyral resins are highly compatible with organic solvents and other polymers.

All types of polyvinyl butyral have a few things in common: 
They can dissolve in almost all organic solvents and are compatible with plasticizers and other resins.
Furthermore, they have good light resistance and are heat-sealable at temperatures in excess of 120 degrees Celsius.

The related benefits of polyvinyl butyral at a glance:

Excellent adhesive and film-forming properties
High water resistance
Optical clarity
High bond strength
Good elasticity
Exceptional processability 
These properties make the chemical a popular binder and hot-melt adhesive in many applications.

INDUSTRIES
Polyvinyl butyrals offer excellent properties in the following applications:

Primers and coatings
Printing inks for packaging
Films for laminated safety glass
Binder for ceramics and metal powder 
Adhesives
Coatings for retro-reflective traffic signs and road markings
Binder for many special applications
Use in thermoplastic applications

Polyvinyl butyral for laminated glass
One major application of polyvinyl butyral is as a hot-melt adhesive to bind glass panels together for use in windows and other applications. 
Due to its extremely high tensile strength and ability to bind glass splinters, polyvinyl butyral is commonly used as an interlayer film in laminated safety glass.

For instance, the polymer layer between the glass panels of a windshield is made of polyvinyl butyral most of the time.

Because this compound is able to adhere very well to glass, it is perfect for bonding glass panels together or to other materials. 
Polyvinyl butyral can be applied as a solution or in a molten state.

The manufacture of laminated glass involves bonding sheets of glass together using polyvinyl butyral resin, plasticizers and other substances. 
This process takes place under high heat and pressure.

Polyvinyl butyral resins in primers and coatings
Polyvinyl butyral resins are also commonly used as binders in inks, paints and primers.
Regardless of the application, polyvinyl butyral is able to adhere exceptionally well to virtually any materials due to its excellent bonding properties.

Their optical clarity and excellent adhesive and film-forming properties make polyvinyl butyral resins a truly versatile ingredient in adhesion primers, anti-corrosion primers, stove enamel and glazes.

PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) is a transparent, tough and flexible thermoplastic with high optical clarity and good adhesion to a large number of substrates. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) is manufactured from polyvinyl alcohol by reaction with butyraldehyde and formaldehyde.

Thermoplastic polyvinyl butyral resins are supplied as free-flowing powders. 
The properties of these grades like their solubility and compatibility with binders and plasticizers depend on the degrees of acetalisation and polymerization. 
An increase of the number of butyral groups in the polymer usually improves water resistance and solubility in non-polar solvents. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) can also be cross-linked. 
Its cross-linking capacity depends on the number of residual OH groups in the polymer which can undergo condensation reactions with phenolic, epoxy, and melamine resins as well as with isocyanates to produce high quality solvent resistant coatings and films.

Due to its good light resistance and excellent transparency, Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) is often used as an interlayer for fracture-resistant and shatterproof glass in architectual and automotive fields. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) resins are also extensively used as binders in paints, printing inks, lacquers, primers, ceramic/metal powders, and adhesives.

Polyvinyl butyral is a type of resin that can be synthetically prepared from vinyl acetate monomer. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) finds applications in the manufacture of phenolic resin bonded diamond wheels, used for grinding hard metals.

Recommended Uses: 
1.  Coatings (increase adhesion, anticorrosive/shop primer, baked enamel, wash primer, paint and coating, used for various base 
2.  Printing Inks 
3.  Whiteboard inks 
4.  Textile printing and non-woven 
5.  Ceramics as temporary binder 
6.  Organic pigment wetting agent

Product appearance:  tiny, free-flowing white powder.

Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) is a specialty resin mainly used as a raw material for laminated safety glass sheet in automotive and architectural applications.

The bonding process takes place under heat and pressure. The polymer  interlayer of PVB is tough and ductile, so brittle cracks will not pass from one side of the laminate to the other.

Uses
Polyvinyl butyral resins are used in paint, coatings, inks, toner, adhesive, glass, solar and architectural fields.

Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is a liquid-based resin produced via acetal reaction by having polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) reacting with aldehydes using acid catalyst. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) is widely used in safety glass interlayers, adhesive for printing ink, adhesive of wash primer, baking varnish, electronic ceramics, and printed circuit boards. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) also shows good adhesion for glass and metal.

Polyvinyl butyral is a resin usually used for applications that require strong binding, optical clarity, adhesion to many surfaces, toughness and flexibility. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol by reaction with butyraldehyde. 
The major application is laminated safety glass for automobile windshields.

Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) is a resin usually used for applications that require strong binding, optical clarity, adhesion to many surfaces, toughness, and flexibility.

Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) is used in automotive and architectural fields in film and glass applications. 
Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) also is used in ceramic binders, inks, dyes, and many paint and coating products.

Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) is a white, water-insoluble, polyvinyl acetal made with butyraldehyde, used chiefly as an interlayer in the manufacture of safety glass

Polyvinyl Butyral, also known as Poly(vinyl butyral), is a resin typically used in applications that need strong binding. 
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) film is one of the most important glass interlayer used in several end-user industries due to its wide range of chemical properties. 
Laminated glass, commonly used in architecture and automotive fields, comprises a protective interlayer, usually PVB, fused between two panels of glass. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) films and sheets exhibit special characteristics such as transparency, impact resistance, high tensile strength, and elasticity. 
These properties make the films and sheets suitable for the manufacture of safety glass. 
The polymer interlayer of polyvinyl butyral is tough so that the brittle cracks would not pass from one side of the laminate to the other. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) films and sheets are manufactured commercially by extrusion with Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) resin, plasticizer, and additives. 
Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) films and sheets are used in end-user industries such as building & construction, ground transportation, solar energy, and others. 
These are primarily used in the production of automotive windshields. 
Application of Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) films and sheets in photovoltaic modules is likely to boost the Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) films and sheets market in the next eight years. 
Additionally, the usage of Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) films and sheets in building & construction, and infrastructure end-user segments is expected to increase demand for Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) films and sheets during the forecast period. 

IUPAC NAMES:
Acetic acid ethenyl ester, polymer with ethenol, cyclic acetal with butanal
butanal; ethene-1,1,2-triol; ethenyl acetate
Polyvinyl acetate polyvinyl alcohol butyral
Polyvinyl butyral
POLYVINYLBUTRYAL
Polyvinylbutyral

SYNONYMS:
Polyvinyl butyral film
Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB)
Poly(vinyl butyral)M.W. 30,000 - 35,000
Poly(vinyl butyral), fine granular powder,nominal M.W. 36,000
Butvar(R) B-98
B-72 Polyvinyl butyral
Butvar®
B-76Polyvinyl butyral
B-98 Polyvinyl butyral
2-Chloro-4-[(2-{[(2R)-1-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanyl]amino}-9-isopropyl-9H-purin-6-yl)amino]benzoic acid
Butvar[R] B-72 Polyvinyl butyral
Butvar[R] B-76Polyvinyl butyral
Butvar B-72 Polyvinyl butyral
Butvar[R] B-98 Polyvinyl butyral
POLYVINYLBUTYRAL RESIN
POLY(VINYL BUTYRAL)
POLY(VINYL BUTYRAL) 1,000
POLY(VINYL BUTYRAL) 2,000
POLY(VINYL BUTYRAL) 2,400
POLY(VINYL BUTYRAL) 630
POLY(VINYL BUTYRAL) 800
POLY(VINYL BUTYRAL) 920
VINYL BUTYRYL POLYMER
butvar
Ployvinylbutyral
poly(2-propyl-m-dioxane-4,6-diylene)
Butvar(R) B-98
polybutyral
polyvinylbutyralresins
Vinylacetalpolymers,butyrals
PVB resins
BUTVAR B-98
BUTVAR(R) BR
BUTVAR(R) RS 3120
Polyvinyl butyrals.
Butvar 76
Resins, polyvinyl butyral
PVB
vinyl butyral polymer
poly(vinylbutyral)macromolecule
PVB ISO 9001：2015 REACH
Butvar? B-98 Polyvinyl butyral
63148-65-2
Butvar 76
Polyvinyl butyral
Vinyl acetal polymers, butyrals
Poly(2-propyl-m-dioxane-4,6-diylene)
Denka Butyral 2000L
Butvar
Polyvinyl alcohol, reaction product with butyraldehyde
Polyvinyl butyral resins
Polyvinylbutyral [Czech]
Denka Butyral
Denka Butyral 2000-1
Denka Butyral 2000-2
Bakelite XYHL
Butvar 79
Butvar B 72
Butvar B 73
Butvar B 76
Butvar B 79
Butvar B 90
Butvar B 9
Butvel
Butyral (polymer)
Butyral resins
Denka 6000C
Denka Butyral 3000-1
Denka Butyral 3000-2
Denka Butyral 3000-4
Denka Butyral 3000K
Denka Butyral 4000
Denka Butyral 4000-1
Denka Butyral 4000-2
Denka Butyral 5000
Denka Butyral 5000A
Denka Butyral 6000
Denka Butyral 6000AP
Denka Butyral 6000AS
Denka Butyral 6000C
Denka Butyral 6000CG
Denka Butyral 6000EP
Denka Butyral 6000G
Denka Butyral 600C
Polyvinylbutyral
Polyvinyl butyral resin