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Potassium sulphate is a high-quality mineral fertilizer widely used in agriculture to support plant growth and improve crop yields.
This inorganic compound provides essential potassium and sulfur nutrients without adding harmful chlorides to the soil, making it ideal for sensitive crops.
Its high solubility ensures efficient absorption, promoting robust root development and overall plant resilience.
Potassium sulfate (US) or potassium sulphate (UK), also called sulphate of potash (SOP), arcanite, or archaically potash of sulfur, is the inorganic compound with formula K2SO4, a white water-soluble solid.
Potassium sulfate is commonly used in fertilizers, providing both potassium and sulfur.
Potassium sulfate Basic information:
Product Name: Potassium sulfate
Synonyms: Potassium sulphate test solution (ChP); POTASSIUM SULFATE ANHY LOW NIT; Potassium sulphate, 99.99%; Potassium sulphate, BIO-REFINED; Potassium sulphate, GRANULAR, REAGENT (ACS); Potassium sulphate, POWDER, REAGENT (ACS); sop; Arcanum duplicatum
CAS: 7778-80-5
MF: K2O4S
MW: 174.2592
EINECS: 231-915-5
Mol File: 7778-80-5.mol
Product Categories:
Potassium Salts; Potassium Metal and Ceramic Science; Synthetic Reagents; ACS Grade Synthetic Reagents; Essential Chemicals; Salts; N - R Protein Structural Analysis; Optimization Reagents Synthetic Reagents; Inorganic Salts; Potassium; Salt Solutions; Volumetric Solutions; X-Ray Crystallography; Routine Reagents; Inorganics; Analytical Reagents for General Use; O-P, Puriss p.a. ACS; Puriss p.a. ACS; metal sulfate; Food Additives; 7778-80-5; API
Potassium sulfate Chemical Properties:
Melting point: 1067 C
Boiling point: 1689 C
Bulk density: 800 kg/m3
Density: 2.66
Fp: 1689 C
Storage temp.: Inert atmosphere, Room Temperature
Solubility: H2O: 0.5 M at 20 C, clear, colorless
Form: Very Fine Crystals or Powder
Color: White
Specific Gravity: 2.662
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: ~7
PH: 5.5-7.5 (25 C, 0.5M in H2O)
Biological source: synthetic
Water Solubility: 110 g/L (20 C)
lambda max:
lambda: 260 nm Amax: 0.01
lambda: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,7674
Crystal system: Nogata
Space group: Pnma
Lattice constant
a/nm: 0.7456, b/nm: 0.5776, c/nm: 1.008, alpha: 90, beta: 90, gamma: 90, V/nm3: 0.39
Dielectric constant: 5.9 (0.0 C)
Stability: Stable.
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: VISCOSITY CONTROLLING
InChI: 1S/2K.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
InChIKey: OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L
CAS DataBase Reference: 7778-80-5 (CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Potassium sulfate (7778-80-5)
EPA Substance Registry System: Potassium sulfate (7778-80-5)
Potassium sulfate Usage And Synthesis:
Description:
Potassium sulphate (K2SO4) is a kind of chemical compounds that is commonly used in agriculture.
The dominant application of Potassium sulphate is as a fertilizer, which is commonly applied to offer both potassium and sulfur, thus improving the quality and yield of crops growing in soils that lack an adequate supply of this essential elements.
Besides, the crude Potassium sulphate is sometimes employed in the production of glass.
Potassium sulphate also has applications in other industries, which is used as a flash reducer in artillery propellant charges and as an alternative blast media similar to soda in the process of soda blasting.
Chemical Properties: Potassium sulfate (K2SO4), also known as sulphate of potash or arcanite, is a colorless crystalline solid that melts at 1072 C (1960 F).
Potassium sulphate is soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol.
As a common constituent of potassium-containing minerals, Potassium sulphate is used in the manufacture of glass, aluminum, fertilizers, and medicinal products.
Electrical Conductivity:
Concentration: 0.50% | 1% | 2% | 5% | 10%
mS/cm: 5.8 | 11.2 | 21 | 48 | 88.6
Physical properties: Colorless or white crystals or white granules or powder; rhombohedral structure; bitter taste; density 2.66 g/cm3; melts at 1069 C; vaporizes at 1689 C; moderately soluble in water, 12 g/100mL at 25 C and 24g/100mL at 100 C; slightly soluble in glycerol; insoluble in alcohol, acetone, and carbon disulfide.
Occurrence:
Potassium and sodium sulfates and their double sulfates with calcium and magnesium occur naturally in various salt lakes.
Potassium sulphate also occurs in certain volcanic lava. Potassium sulfate double salt with magnesium occurs in nature, as the mineral langbeinite.
Potassium sulphate is used in fertilizers as a source of potassium and sulfur, both of which are essential elements for plant growth.
Either in simple form or as a double salt with magnesium sulphate, potassium sulfate is one of the most widely consumed potassium salts in agricultural applications.
Potassium sulphate is preferred over potassium chloride for certain types of crops; such as, tobacco, citrus, and other chloride-sensitive crops.
Some other applications include making gypsum cements; to make potassium alum; in the analysis of Kjeldahl nitrogen; and in medicine.
History:
Potassium sulphate has been known since the early 14th century.
Potassium sulphate was studied by Glauber, Boyle, and Tachenius.
In the 17th century, Potassium sulphate was named arcanuni or sal duplicatum, as Potassium sulphate was a combination of an acid salt with an alkaline salt.
Potassium sulphate was also known as vitriolic tartar and Glaser's salt or sal polychrestum Glaseri after the pharmaceutical chemist Christopher Glaser, who prepared and used Potassium sulphate medicinally.
From the early to mid-19th century, as understanding of plant nutritional requirements deepened and the fertilizer industry emerged, potassium sulphate began to be produced on a large scale as a vital potash fertiliser.
Uses:
Potassium sulphate is a flavoring agent that occurs naturally, consisting of colorless or white crystals or crystalline powder having a bitter, saline taste.
Potassium sulphate is prepared by the neutralization of sulfuric acid with potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate.
Technical grades are used in fertilizers for manufacture of potassium alum, potassium carbonate and glass; the reagent grade is used in the Kjeldahl determination of nitrogen.
Potassium sulphate is a reagent in cosmetics.
Potassium sulphate is an inorganic salt with a primary function as a viscosity-increasing agent.
Definition:
Potassium sulphate is a potassium salt and an inorganic potassium salt.
Potassium sulphate is a white crystalline powder, K2SO4, soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol; rhombic or hexagonal; r.d. 2.66; m.p. 1069 C.
Potassium sulphate occurs naturally as schoenite (Strassfurt deposits) and in lake brines, from which Potassium sulfate is separated by fractional crystallization.
Potassium sulphate has also been produced by the Hargreaves process, which involves the oxidation of potassium chloride with sulphuric acid.
In the laboratory Potassium sulfate may be obtained by the reaction of either potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate with sulphuric acid.
Potassium sulphate is used in cements, in glass manufacture, as a food additive, and as a fertilizer (source of K+) for chloride-sensitive plants, such as tobacco and citrus.
Production Methods:
Potassium sulphate is produced by various methods, selection of process depending on availability and cost of raw materials.
The salt may be obtained from its naturally occurring mineral, langbeinite, K2SO4.2MgSO4.
The ore first is crushed and washed with water to separate sodium chloride.
After that, magnetite is separated from the washed langbeinite by magnetic separation.
After the separation of these two major impurities, the purified double salt is treated with an aqueous solution of potassium chloride to obtain potassium sulfate:
K2SO4.2MgSO4 + 4KCl -> 3K2SO4 + 2MgCl2
The solution is filtered to remove insoluble residues and the products are separated from their aqueous mixture by crystallization.
Potassium sulphate also is produced from the mineral kieserite, MgSO4.H2O by treatment with potassium chloride.
The intermediate double salt obtained reacts further with potassium chloride to form potassium sulfate:
MgSO4.H2O + 2KCl + 4H2O -> K2SO4.MgSO4.6H2O + MgCl2
K2SO4.MgSO4.6H2O + 2KCl -> 2K2SO4 + MgCl2
Potassium sulfate is separated from the more soluble magnesium chloride by crystallization.
Also, potassium sulfate can be made by two other processes in which no naturally occurring mineral is employed.
In the Mannheim process, the salt is produced by action of sulfuric acid on potassium chloride:
2KCl + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + 2HCl
In Hargreaves process, which is a slight variation of the Mannheim method, potassium sulfate is made by heating a mixture of potassium chloride, sulfur dioxide, air and water:
4KCl + 2SO2 + 2H2O + O2 -> 2K2SO4 + 4HCl
General Description:
Potassium sulphate is an inorganic salt that can be prepared by reacting phosphogypsum and potassium chloride.
Potassium sulphate forms needlelike mullite particles on heating with aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and silicon dioxide (SiO2).
Potassium sulphate application to the soil has been reported to minimize the bronzing of rice plants.
Potassium sulphate surface integration growth kinetics has been obtained in the temperature range of 20-50 C.
The theoretical heat capacity curve of potassium sulfate in vapor phase has been obtained.
Flammability and Explosibility: Non flammable
Purification Methods:
Potassium sulfate [7778-80-5] M 174.3, m 1069, d 4 2.67.
Potassium sulfate crystallised from distilled water (4mL/g at 20 C; 8mL/g at 100 C) between 100 C and 0 C.
Potassium sulfate Preparation Products And Raw materials:
Raw materials:
Hydrochloric acid -> Sulfuric acid -> Potassium carbonate -> Magnesium sulfate -> Potassium hydroxide -> Potassium chloride -> Ammonium sulfate -> Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate -> Octadecanamine -> alunite
Preparation Products:
Acrolein -> Pyruvic acid -> Mixed and compound fertilizer -> Potassium bicarbonate -> Potassium persulfate -> Chromium(III) oxide -> Potassium bromate -> Calcium phosphate monobasic -> Compound fertilizer -> 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid -> Aluminium potassium sulfate dodecahydrate -> Calcium phosphate dibasic -> Nitrogen phosphorus potassium mixed fertilizer -> ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE 1-PHOSPHATE DIPOTASSIUM SALT HYDRATE -> Nicosulfuron -> L-Methionine -> Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium compound fertilizer with sulphur -> Compound fertilizer of potassium sulfate -> Compound fertilizer, high concentration -> N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine -> Acenaphthylene -> AMMONIUM CHROMATE -> 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]benzophenone -> Water flush fertilizer -> POTASSIUM METABISULFITE -> ethyl 3-ethylpyrazolyl-5-carboxylate -> Potassium pyrosulfate -> polyhalite
