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Pyrene is a colorless solid, solid and solutions have a slight blue fluorescence.
Pyrene is used in biochemical research.
Pyrene is a parent class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing four fused rings.
CAS Number: 129-00-0
EC Number: 204-927-3
Molecular Formula: C16H10
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 202.25
The chemical formula is C16H10.
This yellow solid is the smallest peri-fused PAH (one where the rings are fused through more than one face).
Pyrene forms during incomplete combustion of organic compounds.
Pyrene is a colorless solid, solid and solutions have a slight blue fluorescence.
Pyrene is used in biochemical research.
Pyrene is a parent class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing four fused rings.
Pyrene is an ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.
Pyrene has a role as a fluorescent probe and a persistent organic pollutant.
Aromatic discotic liquid crystals which exhibits photogeneration of electron-hole pair are used widely in light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells and field effect transistors.
Pyrene is an aromatic discotic crystal which is widely used as a fluorescent dye or as an ambipolar charge carrier in Organic Light Emitting Diodes.
Pyrene is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, for intermediate use only.
Pyrene is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Pyrene is a pale yellow crystalline hydrocarbon C16H10 that fluoresces blue in solution, that is obtained from coal-tar distillation, from petroleum cracking, and from stupp and is also made synthetically, and that consists structurally of a cluster of four compactly fused benzene rings
Pyrene is one of a group of chemicals called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs for short.
PAHs are often found together in groups of two or more.
They can exist in over 100 different combinations but the most common are treated as a group of 15.
PAHs are found naturally in the environment but they can also be man-made.
Pyrene is colorless crystal-like solid but can also look yellow.
PAHs are created when products like coal, oil, gas, and garbage is burned but the burning process is not complete.
Very little information is available on the individual chemicals within the PAH group.
Most of the information available is for the PAH group as a whole.
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.
The chemical formula is C16H10.
This colourless solid is the smallest peri-fused PAH (one where the rings are fused through more than one face).
Pyrene forms during incomplete combustion of organic compounds.
Although Pyrene is not as problematic as benzopyrene, animal studies have shown pyrene is toxic to the kidneys and the liver.
Pyrene is found to be a component of coal tar, pitch and used for production of dyes, plastics, benz[a]pyrene and pesticides.
Pyrene has been used as a model compound for metabolism of high molecular weight PAH.
In M. vanbalenii PYR-1, metabolism of pyrene starts with hydroxylation to form cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene, which is converted to 4,5-dihydroxypyrene by the action of dehydrogenase.
4,5-Dihydroxypyrene is ring-cleaved by dioxygenase to yield phenanthrene 4,5-dicarboxylate, which is further decarboxylated to yield phenanthrene-4-carboxylate.
Subsequent actions of carboxylate dioxygenase and dehydrogenase, Pyrene is converted to 3,4-dihydroxyphenanthrene and further metabolism proceeds via phenanthrene metabolic route.
In an alternate pathway, pyrene is oxidized through pyrene-4,5-monooxygenase to yield pyrene-4,5-oxide.
An epoxide hydrolase enzyme further convert Pyrene to trans-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene.
Pyrene has been used as a starting material for producing optical brighteners and dyes.
Notable pyrene sources include domestic heating sources, particularly wood burning; gasoline fuel exhaust; coal tar and asphalt; and cigarette smoke.
Pyrene is commonly found in PAH mixtures, and Pyrene urinary metabolite, 1-hydroxypyrene, has been used widely as an indicator of exposure to PAH chemicals, particularly in occupational exposure studies.
IARC determined that pyrene was not classifiable as to Pyrene human carcinogenicity.
Pyrene is a polyaromatic hydrocarbon with strong short-wavelength fluorescence.
Unlike other fluorescent dyes, polyaromatic hydrocarbons are fluorescent probes with a strong sensitivity to the microenvironment.
Thus, Pyrene fluorescence is different in polar, and nonpolar environments.
Other effects can also be observed.
When two pyrenes are in close proximity, they form excimers.
Excimer formation can be easily observed, and quantitatively estimated using fluorescent spectra.
Pyrene azide is a reagent for easy pyrene click chemistry labeling of any alkyne-bearing molecule.
Pyrene allows turning any molecule into a pyrene-bearing probe.
This azide contains a hydrophilic triethyleneglycol linker to mitigate intrinsic pyrene hydrophobicity and facilitate attachment to biomolecules in aqueous solutions.
Applications of Pyrene:
Pyrene's fluorescence emission spectrum is very sensitive to solvent polarity, so pyrene has been used as a probe to determine solvent environments.
This is due to Pyrene excited state having a different, non-planar structure than the ground state.
Certain emission bands are unaffected, but others vary in intensity due to the strength of interaction with a solvent.
Diagram showing the numbering and ring fusion locations of pyrene according to IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry.
Pyrenes are strong electron donor materials and can be combined with several materials in order to make electron donor-acceptor systems which can be used in energy conversion and light harvesting applications.
Pyrene and its derivatives are electron-donor materials and can be used to prepare electron donor-acceptor systems for energy conversion and light harvesting applications like OLED and solar cells.
Pyrene can also be used as a probe to determine the critical micellar concentration of surfactants and to study the protein conformation and conformational changes by fluorescence spectroscopy.
Uses of Pyrene:
Most of the Pyrene's are used to conduct research.
Like most PAHs, pyrene is used to make dyes, plastics and pesticides.
Pyrene has also been used to make another PAH called benzo(a)pyrene.
Pyrene is used in research.
Pyrene is used as a starting material in the production of optical brighteners and dyes.
Pyrene is a by-product of the pyrolysis of organic matter and is present in coal tar distillates, diesel exhaust, automobile exhaust, tobacco smoke, barbecue smoke, wood smoke, lake sediments, waste oils, and sewage.
Optical brighteners can be synthesized by reaction of pyrene with a complex of cyanuric chloride and aluminum chloride.
By analogy to fluoranthene, pyrene and alkylpyrenes can be used as additives in electro-insulating oils as well as in epoxy resins for electrical insulation.
Pyrene from coal-tar has been used as a starting material for the synthesis of benzo(a)pyrene.
Pyrene itself can serve as an electron donor to enhance the blackness in pencil leads.
Pyrene's are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions.
Pyrene's from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems.
They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food.
Uses at industrial sites:
Pyrene has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Pyrene is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Pyrene can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
Industry Uses:
Pigments
Features and Benefits of Pyrene:
Long intrinsic fluorescence lifetime, lipophilic hydrocarbon, facilitates charge transport due to the strong p-p interactions in the solid state.
π-system does not require protection during functionalization
Occurrence and Properties of Pyrene:
Pyrene was first isolated from coal tar, where Pyrene occurs up to 2% by weight.
As a peri-fused PAH, pyrene is much more resonance-stabilized than Pyrene five-member-ring containing isomer fluoranthene.
Therefore, Pyrene is produced in a wide range of combustion conditions.
For example, automobiles produce about 1 μg/km.
Reactions:
Oxidation with chromate affords perinaphthenone and then naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid.
Pyrene undergoes a series of hydrogenation reactions and is susceptible to halogenation, Diels-Alder additions, and nitration, all with varying degrees of selectivity.
Bromination occurs at one of the 3-positions.
Reduction with sodium affords the radical anion.
From this anion, a variety of pi-arene complexes can be prepared.
Photophysics:
Pyrene and its derivatives are used commercially to make dyes and dye precursors, for example pyranine and naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid.
Pyrene has strong absorbance in UV-Vis in three sharp bands at 330 nm in DCM.
The emission is close to the absorption, but moving at 375 nm.
The morphology of the signals change with the solvent.
Pyrene derivatives are also valuable molecular probes via fluorescence spectroscopy, having a high quantum yield and lifetime (0.65 and 410 nanoseconds, respectively, in ethanol at 293 K).
Pyrene was the first molecule for which excimer behavior was discovered.
Such excimer appears around 450 nm.
Theodor Förster reported this in 1954.
Manufacturing Methods of Pyrene:
Pyrene is found in products of incomplete combustion, fossil fuels, and high-temperature coal tar fractions, which on average contain ca. 2% pyrene.
Pyrene is recovered from a fraction crystallizing above 110 °C, which is obtained by redistillation of the high-boiling anthracene oil II or pitch distillate.
Pure pyrene is produced by recrystallization, e.g., from solvent naphtha or by fractional crystallization from the melt, followed by dephenolation and debasing, and by refining with 80% sulfuric acid.
Alternatively, pyrene-accompanying brasane (2, 3-benzodiphenylene oxide) can be separated by recrystallization from xylene in the presence of iron(III) chloride.
Traces of tetracene are removed by reaction with maleic anhydride.
Pyrene is obtained by the destructive hydrogenation of hard coal.
Pyrene can be synthesized via bromination of o,o'-ditolyl.
The resulting intermediate is transformed into Pyrene corresponding dicarboxylic acid via dinitrile intermediates.
Cyclization takes place in the presence of zinc dust.
An alternative route to pyrene is the reaction of peri-trimethylenenapthalene with malonyl chloride and AlCl3.
Pyrene is also accessible via the Reformatsky reaction of 4-keto-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene
Human Metabolite Information of Pyrene:
Cellular Locations:
Membrane
Analytic Laboratory Methods of Pyrene:
Method: NIOSH 5515, Issue 2
Procedure: gas chromatography, capillary column, flame ionization detection
Analyte: pyrene
Matrix: air
Detection Limit: 0.3 to 0.5 ug /sample.
Method: NIOSH 5506, Issue 3
Procedure: high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence/ultraviolet detector
Analyte: pyrene
Matrix: air
Detection Limit: 0.0010-0.30 ug/sample.
Method: OSHA 58
Procedure: high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence or ultraviolet detector
Analyte: pyrene
Matrix: air
Detection Limit: 0.260 ug/cu m.
Method: DOE OM100R
Procedure: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with ion trap detector
Analyte: pyrene
Matrix: solid waste matrices, soils, and groundwater
Detection Limit: 53 ug/L.
Stability and reactivity of Pyrene:
Reactivity:
Forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating.
A range from approx. 15 Kelvin below the flash point is to be rated as critical.
The following applies in general to flammable organic substances and mixtures:
In correspondingly fine distribution, when whirled up a dust explosion potential may generally be assumed.
Chemical stability:
Pyrene is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
Possibility of hazardous reactions:
Risk of dust explosion.
Conditions to avoid:
Strong heating.
Handling and Storage of Pyrene:
Nonfire Spill Response:
Avoid inhalation and skin contact.
Safe Storage:
Separated from strong oxidants.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Storage Conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Store in a flammanle materials storage area.
Store in a cool, dry place.
Separated from strong oxidants.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Safety and environmental factors of Pyrene:
Although Pyrene is not as problematic as benzopyrene, animal studies have shown pyrene is toxic to the kidneys and liver.
Pyrene is now known that pyrene affects several living functions in fish and algae.
Pyrene biodegradation has been heavily examined.
The process commences with dihydroxylation at each of two kinds of CH=CH linkages.
Experiments in pigs show that urinary 1-hydroxypyrene is a metabolite of pyrene, when given orally.
First Aid Measures of Pyrene:
Pyrene is absorbed by the skin.
Pyrene is a skin irritant, and a suspected mutagen and tumor-causing agent.
Signs and Symptoms of Pyrene Exposure:
Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to pyrene may result in irritation and burning of the exposed skin, esophageal or gastrointestinal tract, and eyes.
Excitation and muscle spasticity may also be noted following acute exposure.
Emergency Life-Support Procedures:
Acute exposure to pyrene may require decontamination and life support for the victims.
Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.
Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.
Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.
Inhalation Exposure:
1. Move victims to fresh air.
Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to pyrene.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.
If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Transport to a health care facility.
Dermal/Eye Exposure:
1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to pyrene.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.
If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.
6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.
7. Transport to health care facility.
Ingestion Exposure:
1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.
If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.
2. DO NOT induce vomiting.
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Immediately give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).
Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.
5. Transport to a health care facility.
Fire Fighting of Pyrene:
Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.
Use water spray, carbon dioxide, dry powder, alcohol-resistant foam, polymer foam.
Fire Fighting Procedures:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or alcohol foam extinguishers.
If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters.
Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies.
From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers.
If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position.
The only respirators recommended for firefighting are self-contained breathing apparatuses that have full face-pieces and are operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.
Accidental release measures of Pyrene:
Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Avoid inhalation of dusts.
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.
Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.
Avoid generation of dusts.
Identifiers of Pyrene:
CAS Number: 129-00-0
Beilstein Reference: 1307225
ChEBI: CHEBI:39106
ChEMBL: ChEMBL279564
ChemSpider: 29153
ECHA InfoCard: 100.004.481
Gmelin Reference: 84203
KEGG: C14335
PubChem CID: 31423
RTECS number: UR2450000
UNII: 9E0T7WFW93
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID3024289
InChI:InChI=1S/C16H10/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12(4-1)15(11)16(13)14/h1-10H
Key: BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C16H10/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12(4-1)15(11)16(13)14/h1-10H
Key: BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYAB
SMILES: c1cc2cccc3c2c4c1cccc4cc3
EC / List no.: 204-927-3
CAS no.: 129-00-0
Mol. formula: C16H10
Synonym(s): Benzo[def]phenanthrene
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C16H10
CAS Number: 129-00-0
Molecular Weight: 202.25
Beilstein: 1307225
EC Number: 204-927-3
MDL number: MFCD00004136
PubChem Substance ID: 24851146
NACRES: NA.23
CAS: 129-00-0
Molecular Formula: C16H10
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 202.25
MDL Number: MFCD00004136
InChI Key: BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 31423
ChEBI: CHEBI:39106
IUPAC Name: pyrene
SMILES: C1=CC2=C3C(=C1)C=CC4=CC=CC(=C43)C=C2
CAS number: 129-00-0
EC number: 204-927-3
Hill Formula: C₁₆H₁₀
Molar Mass: 202.26 g/mol
HS Code: 2902 90 00
Properties of Pyrene:
Chemical formula: C16H10
Molar mass: 202.256 g·mol−1
Appearance: colorless solid (yellow impurities are often found at trace levels in many samples).
Density: 1.271 g/mL
Melting point: 145 to 148 °C (293 to 298 °F; 418 to 421 K)
Boiling point: 404 °C (759 °F; 677 K)
Solubility in water: 0.146 mg/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -147.9·10−6 cm3/mol
Boiling point: 393 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 1.27 g/cm3 (23 °C)
Flash point: 224 °C
Melting Point: 151.2 °C
Vapor pressure: 0.002 hPa (20 °C)
Bulk density: 650 kg/m3
Solubility: 0.134 g/l
Quality Level: 100
Assay: 98%
mp: 145-148 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: c1cc2ccc3cccc4ccc(c1)c2c34
InChI: 1S/C16H10/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12(4-1)15(11)16(13)14/h1-10H
InChI key: BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Hygroscopic: Yes
Light Sensitive: Yes
Molecular Formula: C57H89N2O10PS
Percent Composition: C 66.77%, H 8.75%, N 2.73%, O 15.60%, P 3.02%, S 3.13%
Purity: >99%
Stability: 1 Year
Storage Temperature: -20°C
CAS Number: 384832-93-3
CAS Registry: Number is a Registered Trademark of the American Chemical Society
Formula WeightÇ 1025.363
Exact Mass: 1024.598
Molecular Weight: 202.25
XLogP3: 4.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 202.078250319
Monoisotopic Mass: 202.078250319
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 16
Complexity: 217
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Specifications of Pyrene:
Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 96.0 % (a/a)
Melting range (lower value): ≥ 147 °C
Melting range (upper value): ≤ 151 °C
Identity (IR): passes test
Melting Point: 148°C to 152°C
Color: Green-Yellow to Yellow
Boiling Point: 393°C
Flash Point: 210°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 97.5% min. (GC)
Packaging: Glass bottle
Quantity: 500 g
Beilstein: 05,693
Fieser: 04,414
Merck Index: 15,8074
Solubility Information:
Solubility in water: almost insoluble.
Other solubilities: soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene and toluene, slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride
Formula Weight: 202.25
Percent Purity: 98%
Physical Form: Crystals and/or Chunks
Chemical Name or Material: Pyrene
Names of Pyrene:
Regulatory process names:
Benzo(def)phenanthrene
beta-Pyrene
Pyren
Pyrene
CAS name:
Pyrene
IUPAC names:
Pyrene
pyrene
Preferred IUPAC name:
Pyrene
Other names:
Benzo[def]phenanthrene
Other identifiers:
129-00-0
76165-23-6
76165-23-6
Synonyms of Pyrene:
PYRENE
129-00-0
Benzo[def]phenanthrene
Pyren
beta-Pyrene
Benzo(def)phenanthrene
.beta.-Pyrene
C16H10
CHEBI:39106
9E0T7WFW93
CHEMBL279564
Coal tar pitch volatiles:pyrene
DTXSID3024289
NSC-17534
NSC-66449
Pyrene sublimed grade
1228182-40-8
1346601-04-4
NCGC00090910-03
Pyren [German]
41496-25-7
CCRIS 1256
HSDB 4023
Pyrene[def]phenanthrene
EINECS 204-927-3
NSC 17534
UNII-9E0T7WFW93
AI3-23977
Pyrene, Powder
Coal tar pitch volatiles: pyrene
Pyren(GERMAN)
MFCD00004136
Pyrene, 98%
Pyrene-[13C6]
PYRENE [HSDB]
PYRENE [IARC]
{Benzo[def]phenanthrene}
Pyrene-[13C16]
PYRENE [MI]
Epitope ID:119715
EC 204-927-3
Pyrene, analytical standard
Pyrene, crystalline, 95%
Pyrene (ACD/Name 4.0)
BIDD:ER0347
Pyrene, sublimed grade, 99%
DTXCID804289
Pyrene (purified by sublimation)
HMS3749I11
CS-B1735
NSC17534
NSC66449
WLN: L666 B6 2AB PJ
ZINC1758808
Pyrene 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
Tox21_400063
BDBM50214608
Pyrene 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
STL570454
AKOS000269680
Pyrene 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
Pyrene-4,5,9,10-[13C4]
NCGC00090910-01
NCGC00090910-02
NCGC00090910-04
AS-13613
CAS-129-00-0
FT-0622695
FT-0674169
P1104
P2072
Pyrene, BCR(R) certified Reference Material
EN300-174930
A805889
AB-131/40897138
Pyrene, purum, for fluorescence, >=97.0% (GC)
Q415723
Pyrene, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
Q-201641
Z57901968
Pyrene, puriss. p.a., for fluorescence, >=99.0% (GC)
Pyrene, certified reference material, 1000 mug/mL in methanol
129-00-0 [RN]
1307225 [Beilstein]
204-927-3 [EINECS]
Benzo[def]phenanthrene
L666 B6 2AB PJ [WLN]
MFCD00004136 [MDL number]
Pirene [Italian]
Pyren [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Pyrene [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
Pyrène [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
UR2450000
UR2450000 [RTECS]
Пирен [Russian]
ピレン [Japanese]
芘 [Chinese]
1280594-97-9 [RN]
128076-63-1 [RN]
Benzo(def)phenanthrene
C030984
N-(2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl)-2-pyridinamine [ACD/IUPAC Name]
N-(2,4,6-TRINITROPHENYL)PYRIDIN-2-AMINE
NCGC00090910-02
Pireno [Portuguese]
Pyren [German]
QA-3370
ST5214713
β-pyrene
β-Pyrene
