RETINYL PROPIONATE

Retinyl propionate, an ester of retinol and propionic acid, is a derivative of vitamin A widely used in skincare for its benefits in reducing fine lines, improving skin texture, and enhancing overall skin health.
Due to its stability and slower conversion to retinoic acid, retinyl propionate is often better tolerated than retinol and is commonly included in anti-aging creams, serums, and treatments for acne and hyperpigmentation.
In addition to its cosmetic applications, retinyl propionate is used in pharmaceutical products such as eye gels for dry eye treatment and in hair care products to promote scalp health.

CAS Number: 7069-42-3
EC Number: 230-363-2
Molecular Formula: C23H34O2
Molecular Weight: 342.51

Synonyms: Retinyl propionate, 7069-42-3, Retinol propionate, Vitamin A propionate, Retinol, propanoate, [(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl] propanoate, 32JK994WMC, Retinyl propionate (Stabilized with BHT) 90%, (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-yl propionate, RetinylPropionate-d3, UNII-32JK994WMC, Propionic acid, retinol ester, EC 230-363-2, Retinol, 15-propanoate; Retinol propionate (7CI); Retinol, propanoate (9CI); Retinol, propionate, all-trans- (8CI); Retinyl propionate; Vitamin A propionate, EINECS 230-363-2, RETINOL, 15-PROPANOATE, SFRPDSKECHTFQA-ONOWFSFQSA-N, DTXSID701019851, Microvit a dlc [veterinary] (TN), RETINOL PROPIONATE [WHO-DD], MFCD00129785, AKOS024386409, RETINOL, PROPIONATE, ALL-TRANS-, AC-34856, LS-15018, VITAMIN A PROPIONATE 2.5 MIO IU/G, ALL-(E)-RETINOL PROPIONATE [WHO-IP], NS00007709, D08477, F87590, W-110194, Q27256177, Retinyl propionate (Stabilized with BHT) 90per cent, Retinyl propionate, >=98.0% (sum of isomers, HPLC), ~2500 U/mg, Retinyl propionate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material, (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ylpropionate, (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl propionate

Retinyl propionate is an ester of retinol (vitamin A) and propionic acid.
Retinyl propionate is a derivative of vitamin A that is often used in cosmetic and skincare formulations due to its beneficial effects on skin health and appearance.

Retinyl propionate is an important pharmaceutical intermediate and can be used to manufacture drugs.
Due to the instability of Retinyl propionate, most vitamin A products on the market appear in the form of its esters.

Other vitamin A ester derivatives including Retinyl propionate and vitamin A palmitate are also available.
Retinyl propionate is susceptible to moisture absorption, while vitamin A palmitate is more stable than vitamin A acetate.

Retinyl propionate has been used to determine its effects on performance, egg quality, serum and egg oxidative status and vitamin A levels in laying quails.
Retinyl propionate can also be used in various formulations to control wrinkles.

Retinyl propionate, retinol and retinoic acid are the aldehyde, alcohol and acid forms of vitamin A.
Retinyl propionate exist as many geometric isomers due to the unsaturated bonds in the aliphatic chain.
Retinyl propionate also exist as retinyl esters such as Retinyl propionate, retinyl acetate and retinyl palmitate.

Retinyl propionate is registered under the REACH Regulation but is not currently being manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area.

Retinyl propionate is a synthetic ester derivative of vitamin A, made from pure retinol and propionic acid, a type of carboxylic acid that’s considered a volatile fatty acid.
This combination makes for a more stable retinoid that has a longer half-life, meaning it takes longer for the ingredient to be metabolized, allowing for a longer stretch of efficacy.

This form of vitamin A has demonstrated all the same benefits of Retinyl propionate, including visible reduction of fine lines and deep wrinkles, improvement of uneven skin tone, refining signs of enlarged pores, and fading the look of discolorations from sun exposure.

Research has demonstrated that most people tend to tolerate Retinyl propionate better than retinol; however, if your skin tolerates retinol it remains one of the gold standard anti-aging ingredients to consider.
Part of the reason for this greater tolerance is that the conversion of Retinyl propionate to retinoic acid happens differently and more slowly than it does for retinol.
This has to do with how Retinyl propionate interacts with specific receptor sites within skin’s uppermost layers.

Usage levels of Retinyl propionate in skin care range from 0.1–0.4%.
Retinyl propionate is often paired with niacinamide because this B vitamin enhances the stability and bioavailability of Retinyl propionate.

Retinyl propionate is a synthetic vitamin A ingredient.
Cosmetics with synthetic retinoids can contribute to overdoses of this potent vitamin.

Furthermore when exposed to UV light, Retinyl propionate compounds break down and produce toxic free radicals.
Two vitamin A ingredients (retinoic acid and retinyl palmitate) have been shown to speed the development of skin tumors and lesions on sun-exposed skin.

Retinyl propionate is retinol and retinoic acid are the aldehyde, alcohol and acid forms of vitamin A.
Retinyl propionate is exist as many geometric isomers due to the unsaturated bonds in the aliphatic chain.
Retinyl propionate is also exist as retinyl esters such as Retinyl propionate, retinyl acetate and retinyl palmitate.

Uses of Retinyl Propionate:

For pharmaceutical use and supplements:

Vitamin A Palmitate Eye Gel:
As a tear substitute, Retinyl propionate is used to treat insufficient tear secretion and dry eye.
The gel has a high viscosity and enhances the protective effect through physical lubrication.

Retinyl propionate eliminates the symptoms of corneal epithelial dehydration and enhances the therapeutic effect.
At the same time, Retinyl propionate can maintain normal visual function.

Retinyl propionate is used in skin care, hair care and other personal care products.
Retinyl propionate can be absorbed through the skin, resist keratinization, and increase the thickness of the epidermis and dermis.

Enhance skin elasticity, stimulate the growth of collagen and elastin, and promote skin renewal.
Retinyl propionate can be used in eye creams and face creams.
Applied in shampoo, conditioner and other hair care products.

Applications of Retinyl Propionate:
Retinyl propionate has been used to determine its effects on performance, egg quality, serum and egg oxidative status and vitamin A levels in laying quails.
Retinyl propionate is an ester of retinol (vitamin A) and propionic acid.
Retinyl propionate is a derivative of vitamin A that is often used in cosmetic and skincare formulations due to its beneficial effects on skin health and appearance.

Skincare Products:

Anti-Aging:
Retinyl propionate is often included in anti-aging creams and serums due to its ability to promote cell turnover, reduce the appearance of fine lines, and improve skin texture.

Acne Treatment:
Retinyl propionate can be used in formulations aimed at treating acne by helping to prevent clogged pores and reducing inflammation.

Skin Brightening:
Retinyl propionates use in brightening creams helps in reducing hyperpigmentation and improving overall skin tone.

Cosmetics:

Foundations and Concealers:
Some foundations and concealers incorporate Retinyl propionate to benefit from its skin-rejuvenating properties.

Moisturizers:
Incorporated into daily moisturizers to provide anti-aging benefits while hydrating the skin.

Pharmaceuticals:

Topical Treatments:
Retinyl propionate is used in certain prescription or over-the-counter topical treatments for its potential therapeutic benefits in skin health.

Dermatological Products:

Sun Protection Products:
Included in sunscreens and sunblocks to enhance skin repair and reduce sun-induced damage.

Post-Procedure Care:
Found in products designed for use after dermatological procedures like chemical peels or laser treatments to promote healing.

Hair Care:

Scalp Treatments:
Occasionally used in treatments aimed at improving scalp health and promoting hair growth.

Nutraceuticals and Supplements:

Dietary Supplements:
Sometimes found in supplements targeting skin health, though this is less common compared to topical applications.

Professional Skincare:

Facial Treatments:
Utilized in professional facial treatments and spa products to deliver concentrated benefits.

Benefits and Claims of Retinyl Propionate:

Anti-Aging:
Retinyl propionate is praised for its anti-aging properties, including reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, improving skin elasticity, and promoting a smoother complexion.

Skin Renewal:
Retinyl propionate accelerates cell turnover, helping to shed dead skin cells and reveal fresher, more youthful skin.

Improved Skin Texture:
Regular use of Retinyl propionate can enhance skin texture, making it more even and refined.

Pigmentation and Discoloration:
Retinyl propionate helps in addressing uneven skin tone and hyperpigmentation by promoting skin cell renewal.

Retinyl propionate at a Glance:
A stable, synthetic derivative of vitamin A
Has an impressive synergy with niacinamide
Offers the same benefits that retinol provides
Shown to be less likely to irritate skin than pure retinol

Biochem/Physiol Actions of Retinyl Propionate:
Retinyl esters provide pools of vitamin A that are converted into retinol and other retinoids as needed.
Retinyl propionate is used in various formulations to control wrinkles.

Synthesis of Retinyl Propionate:

The synthesis of vitamin A palmitate is mainly divided into two categories:
Chemical synthesis and biosynthesis.

The chemical synthesis process is mature, but complex, requires high temperature and high pressure, has high requirements for equipment, has many side reactions, is difficult to separate products, has high energy consumption, and causes great environmental pollution.
The enzyme synthesis process is simple, has few by-products, low energy consumption, and is environmentally friendly. 

Handling and Storage of Retinyl Propionate:

Handling:
Handle with care to avoid direct contact with skin and eyes.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety glasses.

Avoid inhalation of vapors or mist. Ensure adequate ventilation in the work area.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance.

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.
Store away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizers and acids.

Stability and Reactivity of Retinyl Propionate:

Stability:
Retinyl propionate is generally stable under recommended storage conditions.
Avoid exposure to light, air, and moisture as Retinyl propionate may degrade the product over time.

Reactivity:
Incompatible with strong oxidizers and acids.
Reacts with light and oxygen, which can lead to degradation and loss of efficacy.

First Aid Measures of Retinyl Propionate:

Inhalation:
Move to fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.

Skin Contact:
Wash affected area with plenty of soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing.
Seek medical attention if irritation or redness persists.

Eye Contact:
Rinse eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting.
Rinse mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.

Fire Fighting Measures of Retinyl Propionate:

Fire Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide (CO2) to extinguish fire.

Special Fire Fighting Procedures:
Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective clothing.
Avoid inhalation of smoke and vapors.

Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards:
Combustion products may include smoke, fumes, and carbon oxides.

Accidental Release Measures of Retinyl Propionate:

Personal Precautions:
Evacuate non-essential personnel.
Wear appropriate PPE including gloves and safety glasses.

Spill Cleanup:
Contain the spill with inert absorbent material.
Collect and dispose of the material in accordance with local regulations.
Wash the affected area with soap and water to remove residue.

Environmental Precautions:
Prevent entry into drains, water sources, or soil.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protective Equipment of Retinyl Propionate:

Exposure Limits:
Ensure workplace exposure limits are not exceeded.
Specific exposure limits for Retinyl propionate may not be established but follow general guidelines for handling chemicals.

Engineering Controls:
Use adequate ventilation to minimize exposure to vapors or mist.

Personal Protective Equipment:

Respiratory Protection:
Use appropriate respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or if vapor/mist exposure is likely.

Hand Protection:
Wear chemical-resistant gloves.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety glasses or goggles.

Skin Protection:
Use protective clothing to avoid skin contact.

Identifiers of Retinyl Propionate:
CAS Number: 7069-42-3
Purity: ≥95%
Molecular Weight: 342.51
Molecular Formula: C23H34O2

Synonym(s): Vitamin A propionate
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C23H34O2
CAS Number: 7069-42-3
Molecular Weight: 342.51
Beilstein: 2475675
EC Number: 230-363-2
MDL number: MFCD00129785
UNSPSC Code: 12352205
eCl@ss: 34058020
PubChem Substance ID: 57653182
NACRES: NA.79

WGK Germany: 1
PubChem CID: 6394572
MDL Number: MFCD00129785
EC Number: 230-363-2
SMILES: CCC(=O)OC/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(CCCC1(C)C)C

Properties of Retinyl Propionate:
biological source: synthetic
Quality Level: 100
Assay: ≥98.0% (sum of isomers, HPLC)
form: liquid
specific activity: ~2500 U/mg
contains: BHT as stabilizer
impurities: ~5% cis-isomers

color:
green-yellow to very dark green-yellow
yellow to very dark yellow

storage temp.: 2-8°C
SMILES string: CCC(=O)OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C
InChI: 1S/C23H34O2/c1-7-22(24)25-17-15-19(3)11-8-10-18(2)13-14-21-20(4)12-9-16-23(21,5)6/h8,10-11,13-15H,7,9,12,16-17H2,1-6H3/b11-8+,14-13+,18-10+,19-15+
InChI key: SFRPDSKECHTFQA-ONOWFSFQSA-N

Molecular Weight: 342.5 g/mol
XLogP3: 6.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 342.255880323 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 342.255880323 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 26.3Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 25
Complexity: 610
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 4
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Names of Retinyl Propionate:

Regulatory process names:
Retinyl propionate
Retinyl propionate

IUPAC names:
[(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl] propionate
O~15~-propionylretinoic acid
propanoyl (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoate
Retinyl propionate
Retinyl propionate
Retinyl propionate

Trade names:
Retinol propionate (7CI)
Retinol, propanoate (9CI)
Retinol, propionate, all-trans- (8CI)
Retinyl propionate
Vitamin A propionate

Other identifiers:
7069-42-3