Rhodopol G

Rhodopol G, also known as xanthan gum, Gum Xanthan and CAS No. 11138-66-2, is a natural microbial polysaccharide obtained by the fermentation of sugars by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris, with a cream colour, a granular and dust-free structure, rapid hydration in water and highly pseudoplastic flow behaviour. Rhodopol G is used as a thickener, stabilizer and viscosity builder, particularly in agrochemical suspension formulations, household liquid cleaning products, scouring creams, alkaline oven cleaners, industrial applications and water-based drilling muds.

Thanks to its anionic structure made up of glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid units, Rhodopol G hydrates in water and forms a high-viscosity network at low use levels.
Systems thickened with Rhodopol G keep particles in suspension at rest, while under shear their viscosity drops so that they can be easily mixed, pumped and poured.

Rhodopol G helps reduce the settling of solid particles in suspension concentrate (SC) pesticides, insufficient or unstable consistency in cleaning products and insufficient viscosity in drilling muds.
The granular structure of Rhodopol G helps prevent the lumping and fish-eye formation seen when powdered xanthan gums are added to water.

Viscosity, particle size, pH, loss on drying and hydration behaviour are decisive parameters when selecting Rhodopol G; for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical uses, the quality grade and certification of the xanthan gum must be verified separately. Rhodopol G is generally not classified as a hazardous substance, but dust formation should be controlled during handling, the product should be stored in its dry, closed packaging and the current SDS should be taken as the basis.

WHAT IS RHODOPOL G?

Rhodopol G, also known as Xanthan Gum in the field of industrial chemistry, is a high molecular weight microbial polysaccharide obtained by the conversion of carbohydrates by aerobic fermentation by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. Rhodopol G is also known by names such as Xanthan Gum and Gum Xanthan (Turkish: Ksantan Gam, Ksantan Sakızı) and is identified by CAS No. 11138-66-2. Rhodopol G is a trade product name, and the chemical designation of the product is xanthan gum. It is commercially offered as a cream-colored, dust-free, granular powder.

Parameters such as grain size distribution, pH value in 1% aqueous solution, Brookfield viscosity in solution containing potassium chloride, loss on drying and shelf life for Rhodopol G are specified in the product's technical data sheet (TDS). These parameters can have an impact on Rhodopol G's hydration rate, viscosity formation behavior and stability during storage. Rhodopol G can exhibit different process behavior in agriculture, home care, industrial cleaning and oilfield applications.

The term "xanthan gum" can be used in commercial language for many products of different grades. For example, xanthan gum grades in fine powder form, special granular grades that give transparent solutions, food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical grade xanthan gums, and ready-made mixtures containing xanthan gum are products with different physical forms, hydration behaviors and intended uses, although they are based on the same chemical basis as Rhodopol G. Rhodopol G should also not be confused with guar gum, carob gum, cellulose derivatives and other thickeners; these products have different chemical structures and different rheology behaviors.

However, not all xanthan gum products on the market have the same technical characteristics or the same process behavior. The granule structure, grain size, loss on drying, and viscosity values of Rhodopol G can significantly alter the dispersion and hydration performance of the product in water-based systems. Therefore, it should not be assumed that products from different manufacturers are technically interchangeable based solely on the product name "Rhodopol G" or "xanthan gum".

Since Rhodopol G is a natural fermentation product and polymer, it does not have a single exact molecular weight; the length of the polysaccharide chain may vary depending on the grade of the product and the production conditions. The performance of Rhodopol G is not only due to its chemical identity; it also depends on the hydration method, mixing shear, dosage, salt and pH conditions in the formulation, and interaction with other ingredients. Therefore, the viscosity development, suspension performance, and stability of two xanthan gum products sold under the same name may not be the same.

Rhodopol G can be evaluated depending on its quality grade in applications such as suspension concentrate (SC) pesticide formulations, household liquid cleaning products, scouring creams, alkaline oven cleaners, industrial applications, and waterborne drilling muds. The most common use is as a thickener, stabilizer, and viscosifier in waterborne systems.

Thanks to the network structure formed between the polysaccharide chains when hydrated in water, Rhodopol G can provide high viscosity even at low usage levels, and shows pseudoplastic flow behavior by keeping this viscosity high at rest and low under shear. This property allows Rhodopol G to suspend insoluble particles, flow easily during mixing or pumping, and regain consistency at rest. Thanks to its granular structure, Rhodopol G produces less dust compared to fine powdered xanthan gums and helps to reduce the risk of clumping and fisheye formation.

Xanthan gum is generally produced by fermentation of sugars such as glucose and sucrose; the polymer is precipitated from the medium with isopropanol, dried, and ground into a water-soluble powder. The repeat unit of the polymer consists of glucose, mannose, and glucuronic acid. The quality and consistency of Rhodopol G can vary depending on the purification, drying, and granulating processes during production. As a result, Rhodopol G is one of the essential rheology modifiers of waterborne systems, used in a wide range of applications, from pesticide formulations to cleaning products and drilling muds.

COMMON PRODUCT and CHEMICAL NAMES:

Rhodopol G

Rhodopol G Xanthan Gum

Xanthan Gum

Gum Xanthan

Xanthan

Corn Sugar Gum

Granular Xanthan Gum

Dust-Free Xanthan Gum

Xanthomonas campestris Polysaccharide

Xanthan Gum (INCI)

INS 415 / E415

Xanthan Gum Technical Grade

Xanthan Gum Industrial Grade

Xanthan Gum Food Grade

Xanthan Gum Cosmetic Grade

Xanthan Gum Pharmaceutical Grade

Some of these names refer to the trade name of the product, some to the chemical description, some to the physical form of the product, and some to the quality class or area of use. Rhodopol G is a trade product name; Xanthan Gum and Gum Xanthan (Turkish: Ksantan Gam, Ksantan Sakızı, Ksantan Zamkı) are common names that describe the chemical identity of Rhodopol G. Gum Xanthan is the reverse spelling of the name Xanthan Gum; Corn Sugar Gum is another name for xanthan gum that appears in the records.

 The expressions Granular Xanthan Gum and Dust-Free Xanthan Gum indicate the granular and dust-free physical form of Rhodopol G, while the expression Xanthomonas campestris Polysaccharide indicates a descriptive definition referring to the microorganism from which the product is produced.

Xanthan Gum is also the INCI name used in cosmetic products. The number INS 415 refers to xanthan gum in the Codex Alimentarius system and is referred to as E415 in Europe. These names generally describe the substance xanthan gum and do not imply that Rhodopol G is used in food or cosmetics.

Technical Grade, Industrial Grade, Food Grade, Cosmetic Grade and Pharmaceutical Grade are commercial definitions referring to the quality class of the product and should be checked from the technical data sheet and documents of the relevant class for Rhodopol G.

It is important to evaluate the CAS number used for Rhodopol G together with the actual description of the product. For xanthan gum, CAS No 11138-66-2 and EC No 234-394-2 are listed in the sources. Other thickeners such as guar gum, carob gum, carboxymethylcellulose are separate substances with different CAS numbers. For this reason, it should be checked on the documents which xanthan gum quality Rhodopol G is, whether it is granular or fine powder, and whether it is a ready-made mixture.

CAS NO, EC / EINECS NO AND CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

Product Name: Rhodopol G/Xanthan Gum

Chemical name: Xanthan gum

INCI name: Xanthan Gum

Food additive number (for general xanthan gum): INS 415 (E415 in Europe)

CAS No: 11138-66-2

EC/EINECS No: 234-394-2

Molecular formula: Polysaccharide polymer (composed of repeating units, not defined by a single fixed formula)

Molecular weight: Not fixed because it is a polymer; varies depending on chain length and product grade

Chemical class: Microbial (fermentation-derived) polysaccharide/hydrocolloid

Physical form: Granular, cream-colored powder that does not produce dust

Basic functions: Thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent, viscosifier, rheology modifier

Rhodopol G is a product with the chemical designation xanthan gum obtained by fermentation of the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. It is not defined by a single fixed molecular formula and molecular weight like pure chemical compounds. This is because xanthan gum is a natural fermentation product made up of polymer chains. The structure of the chain is based on a repeating unit consisting of glucose, mannose, and glucuronic acid units. 

The differences between commercial products are based on grain size, granule structure, loss on drying, viscosity and hydration behavior.
CAS No 11138-66-2 and EC No 234-394-2 for xanthan gum are listed in various technical and official sources. This record is the general chemical designation that defines xanthan gum. It should be noted that different CAS numbers for xanthan gum can also be seen in old or deleted records; therefore, it should be checked that the number mentioned in the documents matches the current record.

However, using a single CAS number for Rhodopol G may not be sufficient for every commercial product. Ready-made mixtures containing xanthan gum, xanthan gum grades treated to improve dispersibility, and xanthan gum products offered in different grades may have different physical form, different additives, and different technical properties, although they are referred to by the same CAS number. Therefore, the exact description of the product and its relevant technical documentation should be checked at the time of purchase.

The drying loss value of Rhodopol G should be taken into account in measurement and dosage calculations. Since xanthan gum is granular and hygroscopic in character, moisture content can affect the actual amount of xanthan gum per unit weight. This value is especially important when switching between products from different manufacturers and calculating dosage based on thickening power.

Although Rhodopol G is defined as a single main ingredient, it may contain trace amounts of moisture, mineral salts, and organic components left over from fermentation since it is a natural fermentation product. Therefore, even in products with the same CAS number, the impurity profile, hydration behavior, and solution appearance may vary. The current values of the product should be checked from the supplier's TDS, SDS, and COA documents.

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR PROPERTIES OF RHODOPOL G

Rhodopol G is chemically xanthan gum. Xanthan gum is a high molecular weight polysaccharide formed by the union of five-sugar (pentasaccharide) repeat units consisting of glucose, mannose, and glucuronic acid units into long chains. In this repeat unit, glucose, mannose, and glucuronic acid are present in a molar ratio of 2:2:1. 

The main chain is formed by glucose units, while the side chain attached to the main chain is a trisaccharide consisting of two mannose and one glucuronic acid unit.
The molecular structure of Rhodopol G can be summarized as follows. The glucuronic acid units in the side chains and the acetyl and pyruvyl groups added to the side chains give the polymer an anionic (negatively charged) character. 

These charged groups exist in the xanthan gum as mixed salts of potassium, sodium, and calcium. Rhodopol G chains hydrated in water can form a regular helical (helix) structure, and a higher-order structure is thought to be established between molecules through charged trisaccharide side chains.

Rhodopol G solutions can maintain viscosity over a wide range of pH and temperature thanks to this regular and relatively rigid structure of their polymer chains. Xanthan gum solutions exhibit resistance to acids, alkalis, salts, and enzymatic degradation. However, high temperature in low-concentration solutions may lead to a decrease in viscosity. Therefore, the temperature and time conditions of the system in which Rhodopol G will be used should be evaluated.

The technical performance of Rhodopol G cannot be understood from its chemical structure alone. Granule structure, grain size, loss on drying, viscosity value and hydration behavior are important parameters that determine product behavior.
Its anionic character is one of the key properties that determine the interaction of Rhodopol G with other formulation ingredients. Xanthan gum is generally incompatible with cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, and cationic preservatives, and precipitation can occur with these substances. 

In highly alkaline conditions, polyvalent metal ions such as calcium can lead to gelation or precipitation. Low levels of borate ions can also cause gelation in xanthan gum solutions.
Xanthan gum chains can interact with certain substances, such as guar gum, locust bean gum, and magnesium aluminum silicate, leading to a marked increase in viscosity or gel formation. 

This synergistic effect is most visible in deionized water, while it is reduced in the presence of salt. Rhodopol G solutions can remain stable in environments where up to approximately 60% of water-miscible organic solvents, such as acetone, methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol, are present. Above this rate, there may be precipitation or gelation of the xanthan gum. These properties are behaviors that must be evaluated for compatibility when using Rhodopol G in different formulations.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF RHODOPOL G

Rhodopol G is usually presented as a cream-colored, granular, non-dust-producing powder. The physical appearance of Rhodopol G may vary depending on the production method, granulation conditions, grain size, and storage conditions.

General technical specifications:

Physical appearance: Granular powder

Color: Cream

Chemical character: Anionic microbial polysaccharide, hydrocolloid

Chemical name: Xanthan gum

CAS No: 11138-66-2

EC/EINECS No: 234-394-2

Molecular formula: Polysaccharide polymer; not defined by a fixed formula

Molecular weight: It is not constant because it is a polymer

Grain size: More than 95% of the product is 1180 μm and below; the proportion of fine particles of 75 μm and below is less than 5%

pH (1% aqueous solution): 6.0 – 8.0

Brookfield viscosity: 1200 – 1600 cP (1% Rhodopol G solution in solution containing 1% potassium chloride, Brookfield LV, 60 rpm, spindle number 3)

Loss on drying: 6 – 14%

Solubility in water: disperses in water and hydrates to form high viscosity solution; practically insoluble in organic solvents

Hydration: Hydrates quickly; does not form fish eyes in favorable conditions

Flow behavior: High pseudoplastic (shear thinning); high at rest, low viscosity under shear

Moisture behavior: Hygroscopic; may clump and lose fluidity when moisture is absorbed

Shelf life: 24 months

Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions

Reactivity: Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents; can form combustible dust mixtures when dispersed in high concentration in air

The physical properties of Rhodopol G can vary significantly depending on the grain size and moisture content of the product. Rhodopol G's granular structure and low fine particle content allow it to form less dust and disperse more easily when added to water compared to fine powder xanthan gum grades. Rhodopol G in a humid environment may clump, which may adversely affect hydration performance.

Viscosity is one of the most important quality parameters of Rhodopol G in terms of technical performance. The viscosity of Rhodopol G is determined at a certain concentration and in solution containing potassium chloride under defined Brookfield measurement conditions. For this reason, when comparing the viscosity values of different products, it must be checked whether the conditions such as measurement concentration, salt content, device type, spindle number, rotation rate and temperature are the same.

Loss on drying is an important parameter that indicates the amount of moisture contained in Rhodopol G and affects the calculation of dosage. A high loss on drying may mean that the amount of xanthan gum per unit weight is relatively low. The pH value is used to evaluate the compatibility of Rhodopol G with other ingredients in the formulation and the initial conditions of the solution.

These values are for general technical information; they should not be used as a binding specification of the product to be purchased. In particular, parameters such as particle size, pH, viscosity, loss on drying and shelf life should be checked through the supplier's up-to-date TDS and COA documents.

HOW DOES RHODOPOL G WORK AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL?

The main effect of Rhodopol G in formulations is that the xanthan gum chains are hydrated in water, the long and relatively rigid polymer chains interact with each other to form a loose network structure, and this network controls the flow behavior of the solution.

When Rhodopol G is added to water, the granules are first wetted with water and dispersed, then the polysaccharide chains open by binding the water molecules. The hydrated chains become entangled and interact through the side chains, increasing the viscosity of the solution. Thanks to its granular structure, Rhodopol G particles can disperse without sticking together when added to water. This reduces the risk of forming lumps (fish eyes) that are gelled on the outside and dry on the inside, which are common in fine-powder xanthan gums.

Rhodopol G solutions show pseudoplastic, i.e., shear-thinning flow behavior. In the stationary solution, the polymer chains are randomly distributed and tangled, so the viscosity is high. When a shear force is applied, such as stirring, pumping, agitating, or spraying, the chains align in the flow direction and the viscosity decreases. 

When the shear force disappears, the chains re-form a network structure, and the viscosity soon returns to its previous level. This mechanism forms the basis for using Rhodopol G in formulations that are both easy to process and remain stable in storage.

In suspension applications, Rhodopol G slows down the settling of insoluble solid particles due to the high viscosity it creates, especially at low shear rates. In drilling muds, this property helps to suspend the cut solids in the liquid when circulation stops. In systems containing emulsions, xanthan gum does not act as an emulsifier, but as a stabilizer that slows down the separation of droplets by increasing the viscosity of the continuous phase.

The molecular and application-level functions of Rhodopol G may differ depending on the area of use:

Creating viscosity and adjusting consistency in water-based systems

Reducing the settling of solid active substances in suspension concentrate (SC) pesticide formulations

Helping the formulation to remain homogeneous during storage

Facilitate mixing, pumping and pouring by providing shear-thinning flow

To provide consistency and flow control in household liquid cleaning products

Helping to keep insoluble particles suspended in scrubbing creams and similar products

Creating viscosity in alkaline oven cleaners

Acting as a viscosifier in water-based drilling muds

Helping to suspend solids when circulation stops in drilling fluids

Slowing down segregation by increasing continuous phase viscosity in emulsions

Providing synergistic viscosity increase with hydrocolloids such as guar gum and carob gum

The thickening power and suspension power of Rhodopol G are interconnected. The network structure formed by the polymer chains at rest determines both the consistency of the solution and its ability to keep particles suspended.

The speed and level of viscosity development are directly related to Rhodopol G concentration, mixing energy, water temperature, the salt content of the water, pH and other additives in the medium. For this reason, Rhodopol G should not be evaluated alone, but together with surfactants, salts, dispersants, antifreeze agents, preservatives and other thickeners with which it is used.

Due to the anionic nature of xanthan gum, cationic components, polyvalent metal ions, and borates can affect the network structure of Rhodopol G and lead to unexpected gelation, precipitation, or loss of viscosity. A high proportion of water-miscible organic solvents can also cause xanthan gum to separate from solution.

However, it should not be assumed that Rhodopol G will give the same performance in every system. The product quality, dosage, hydration method, formulation chemistry, process conditions, and other additives used should be evaluated through laboratory and field trials.

IN WHICH SECTORS IS RHODOPOL G USED?

Rhodopol G is a versatile rheology modifier used in various industrial fields, especially in pesticide formulations, home care, industrial cleaning and oilfield, thanks to its high pseudoplastic flow behavior, high viscosity formation at low usage rates, suspension ability and granular structure. The intended use of Rhodopol G may vary depending on the quality, grade and formulation system of the product.

Main areas of use:

Suspension concentrate (SC) pesticide formulations

Suspo-emulsion (SE) and other water-based crop protection formulations

Thickening and stabilization as co-formulant in agricultural formulations

Household liquid descaling products

Scrubbing creams

Alkaline oven cleaners

Household and industrial water-based cleaning products

Viscosity and suspension control in industrial waterborne systems

Viscosifier in water-based drilling mud systems

Rheology control in oil and gas field fluids

Food formulations with xanthan gum of the appropriate quality class (sauces, salad dressings, beverages and similar products)

Cosmetics and personal care products with xanthan gum in appropriate quality class (INCI: Xanthan Gum)

Pharmaceutical suspensions and topical preparations with xanthan gum of appropriate quality class

The most common use of Rhodopol G occurs as a thickener and stabilizer that prevents the settling of solid active substances in pesticide suspension concentrates, as a consistency and flow regulator in household and industrial cleaning products, and as a viscosifier in waterborne drilling muds. 

For food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, xanthan gum grades that comply with the relevant legislation and are certified accordingly should be preferred. It should not be assumed that Rhodopol G can be used in these areas for industrial purposes based on the product name.

The performance that every industry expects from Rhodopol G is different. For example, the pesticide formulator emphasizes suspension stability during long storage, redispersibility and uniformity during spraying. The cleaning product manufacturer focuses on consistency, stability in alkaline or acidic media, and easy dosing. 

The drilling fluid user cares about viscosity performance in brine and its ability to transport and suspend solids. Reduced dust formation and rapid hydration stand out as a common advantage for all sectors in terms of personnel working on the production site and process efficiency.

USES OF RHODOPOL G IN PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS

In pesticide formulations, Rhodopol G is used as a thickener and suspension stabilizer at low usage levels, especially in water-based formulations such as suspension concentrate (SC) and suspo-emulsion (SE). 

Rhodopol G does not act as an active ingredient in plant protection products, but as a co-formulant that ensures the physical stability of the formulation. The function of Rhodopol G in this area is commonly described in the industry as a "rheology modifier" or "antisettling agent".

Rhodopol G's possible functions in pesticide formulations include:

Reducing the settling of solid active substance particles in suspension concentrates

Limiting the formation of hard deposits (cakes) during storage

To help the product to be easily dispersed again after storage

Slowing down the separation of the oil phase and solid particles in suspo-emulsions

To ensure easy pouring and dosing of the product from the packaging

To promote homogeneous distribution when diluted in the spray tank

Helping to reduce the risk of nozzle blockage by keeping particles dispersed

Suspending mineral particles in liquid fertilizer and micronutrient suspensions

Rhodopol G-based rheology systems can be evaluated especially in suspension concentrates containing herbicides, fungicides and insecticides, suspo-emulsions, liquid fertilizers and micronutrient suspensions. In the patent literature, it is seen that xanthan gum-based thickeners are generally used in suspension concentrates at low rates of approximately 0.05 – 0.3% according to formulation weight. 

These ratios are only to give a general idea. The actual usage level should be determined by laboratory trials based on the active ingredient, solids content, particle size, and target viscosity.
In pesticide formulations, Rhodopol G is used by slowly adding it to water under vigorous stirring to prevent clumping and fisheye formation. 

Rhodopol G's granular structure and rapid hydration reduce dust generation during production and allow the thickener to be incorporated more easily into the formulation. Since xanthan gum can be susceptible to microbial degradation in water-based formulations, the appropriate use of preservatives in such formulations should also be evaluated.

Rhodopol G is used in combination with antifreeze agents, dispersants, wetting agents, defoamers and preservatives in suspension concentrates. Xanthan gum may exert synergistic rheological effect with some inorganic thickeners such as magnesium aluminium silicate; therefore, it can be considered together with clay-based thickeners in some formulations. 

However, due to the anionic nature of xanthan gum, its compatibility with cationic components and polyvalent metal salts should be checked separately.
In the use of Rhodopol G, the targeted viscosity, storage stability, redispersibility and dilution behavior should be considered together. Suspension stability generally increases as the thickener ratio increases, but the pourability and discharge of the product from the packaging may become difficult. Therefore, the ratio of Rhodopol G should be optimised by balancing stability with ease of use.

It should not be understood from the name "Rhodopol G" alone that a xanthan gum product will give the same result in every pesticide formulation. Accelerated storage tests, cold storage tests and field trials should be performed on the basis of active ingredient, formulation type, other excipients and process conditions.

IS RHODOPOL G USED IN COSMETIC, FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS?

Xanthan gum, the chemical identity of Rhodopol G, is a common ingredient in cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical products in grades with appropriate purity and certification. However, Rhodopol G itself is a granular xanthan gum grade positioned for pesticide formulations, household and industrial cleaning products, and oilfield applications. Therefore, in cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical applications, cosmetic, food, or pharmaceutical grade xanthan gum grades that are manufactured and certified for these areas, even though they have the same chemical structure, should be preferred.

Cosmetic and personal care applications

In the cosmetics and personal care industry, xanthan gum is an ingredient listed with the INCI name Xanthan Gum. Xanthan gum can assume viscosity-controlling, emulsion-stabilizing, gel-forming, and binding functions in cosmetic formulations. Xanthan gum is used especially in the preparation of water-based gels and oil-water emulsions to support the stability of the product by increasing the consistency of the continuous phase.

The main products that cosmetic grade xanthan gum can be evaluated for:

Shampoos

Shower gels and liquid soaps

Hand washing products

Creams and lotions

Water-based gels and cleansing gels

Toothpastes and oral care gels

Mouthwashes

In shampoos and shower gels, xanthan gum can help to create consistency in surfactant-containing systems and to keep insoluble ingredients such as pearlizing agents, active ingredients and conditioning agents suspended. In creams and lotions, xanthan gum contributes to reducing emulsion separation and creaming. In toothpastes, xanthan gum acts as a binder that helps keep the product homogeneous, keep abrasive particles suspended and allow it to come out of the tube as a uniform ribbon. 

The pseudoplastic flow behavior of xanthan gum promotes easy dosing of cosmetic products from pump packs and helps them stay on the surface without running after application.
In cosmetic applications, the anionic nature of xanthan gum must be considered. Cationic surfactants, cationic care polymers, and some cationic preservatives can form precipitation with xanthan gum. 

In highly concentrated anionic and amphoteric surfactant systems, xanthan gum may also separate from solution. Therefore, formulation compatibility should be checked by laboratory trials.
For manufacturers who develop natural-origin and certified cosmetic products, there are also xanthan gum grades approved according to the relevant natural or organic cosmetic standards. The relevant certification documents of the xanthan gum to be used in such products should be requested separately.

If xanthan gum is to be used in cosmetic formulations, cosmetic grade product, heavy metal and microbiological analysis, documents required for safety assessment and INCI compliance should be requested. Permitted conditions of use and label requirements should be checked from current cosmetics legislation.

Food applications

In the food field, xanthan gum is identified by the number 415 in the Codex Alimentarius INS system and is known as E415 in Europe. Xanthan gum was approved for use in food in 1968. Xanthan gum is on the GRAS list in the US and is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union. A 2017 reassessment by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) concluded that there are no safety concerns for the general population in the use of xanthan gum as a food additive.

The main products that food grade xanthan gum can be evaluated in:

Salad dressings and sauces

Ketchup and tomato-based sauces

Beverages and beverage concentrates

Dairy and plant-based milk alternatives

Ice Creams

Bakery products, fillings, and sugary coatings

Gluten-free bread and pastries

Egg substitutes

Meat and poultry products

Confectionery products

Thickened liquids for individuals experiencing difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)

In salad dressings, xanthan gum helps prevent oil separation by stabilizing the emulsion, but it is not itself an emulsifier. Xanthan gum also suspends solid particles such as spices. Thanks to the pseudoplastic behavior of xanthan gum, salad dressing remains thick enough to remain homogeneous when still in the bottle, thins when shaken and poured, and thickens again when it reaches the salad, adhering to the surface. 

In ice creams, xanthan gum helps to create the desired texture. In gluten-free baking, it is used to give the dough the stickiness that gluten would normally provide.
Xanthan gum is one of the preferred methods for thickening liquids for individuals with swallowing difficulties, as it does not alter the color or taste of foods and beverages at typical usage levels. 

When used together with guar gum, tara gum and carob gum, xanthan gum can increase viscosity through a synergistic effect, or form a gel with carob gum. This property may allow the total amount of hydrocolloids in the formulation to be reduced.

Xanthan gum is generally used in most foods at concentrations of 0.5% or less. Sources indicate a range of approximately 0.05 – 0.50% for salad dressings, sauces, desserts, baked goods and beverages. Even the addition of 1% xanthan gum can provide a significant increase in the viscosity of a liquid. These ratios are for general information purposes and the correct amount of use should be determined by experimentation according to the product type and target texture.

However, industrial xanthan gum grades produced for technical purposes such as agriculture, cleaning, or drilling, including Rhodopol G, should not be used directly as raw materials in food products. Industrial grades may not be designed to meet the microbiological limits, heavy metal limits, residue solvent limits, and certification required for food. For food applications, food-grade xanthan gum, relevant specification documents, and microbiological analyses should be requested, and the current food legislation of the target market should be checked.

Pharmaceutical and food contact applications

In the pharmaceutical field, xanthan gum is an excipient defined under the monographs USP/NF and the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.). Xanthan gum is used as a suspension and stabilizing agent, thickener, and binder in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations. It has also been evaluated in the preparation of controlled-release matrix tablets. 

Xanthan gum is listed in the FDA's Database of Inactive Ingredients for oral solutions, suspensions, tablets, rectal and topical preparations. Pharmaceutical applications should use only certified grades that meet and comply with the relevant pharmacopoeia requirements.

Xanthan gum is also included in the list of authorized substances (Annex I) of the European Union's Regulation 10/2011/EU on food contact plastic materials. If xanthan gum is planned to be used in food packaging or food contact materials, the compliance of the final material with the relevant food contact legislation must be assessed separately.

HOME CARE, INDUSTRIAL CLEANING AND OILFIELD APPLICATIONS OF RHODOPOL G

Rhodopol G can be considered as a functional ingredient in household liquid descalers, scouring creams, alkaline oven cleaners, industrial water-based cleaning products and water-based drilling muds with the appropriate quality grade.

Functions for which Rhodopol G can be considered in these applications include:

Adjusting consistency and controlling flow in liquid cleaning products

Helping to increase product adhesion and contact time on vertical surfaces

Reducing dripping and rapid run-off of the product

Helping to keep insoluble particles suspended in scrubbing creams

Creating viscosity in alkaline and acidic cleaning formulations

Reducing phase separation and promoting dosage consistency in liquid products

Acting as a viscosifier in water-based drilling muds

Helping to transport the solids cut in drilling fluids to the surface and suspend them when the circulation stops

Supporting suspension stability of weighting agents in drilling fluids

The following aspects should be checked when purchasing Rhodopol G in home care, industrial cleaning, and oilfield applications:

Viscosity and measurement conditions

Grain size and granular structure

Loss on drying

pH value

Viscosity performance in brine

Stability in acid or alkaline environment

Hydration rate and dispersibility

Current technical specification

Certificate of Analysis (COA)

Safety data sheet (SDS)

Producer and batch traceability

Compliance and certification documents where required

In cleaning products, Rhodopol G allows for easy pouring of the product from the bottle, while when applied to vertical surfaces, it helps to slow the flow and keep the product on the surface longer. This behavior is due to the pseudoplastic flow property of Rhodopol G. Xanthan gum can be compatible with many strong mineral acids and high levels of inorganic salts. However, very low or very high pH values combined with high temperature can lead to viscosity loss over time. Therefore, the stability of Rhodopol G in descaling and alkaline cleaner formulations must be verified by storage tests.

Xanthan gum is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Therefore, the use of Rhodopol G in cleaning products containing oxidizers such as hypochlorite or peroxide should be evaluated separately and controlled by long-term stability tests. Due to the anionic nature of xanthan gum, the risk of precipitation should also be considered in cleaning products containing cationic surfactants.

In the oilfield, Rhodopol G is used to improve rheology in water-based drilling muds, especially at low shear rates. Solids cut by the drill bit are carried to the surface by the liquid. When circulation stops, the structure formed by the xanthan gum slows the settling of these solids in the well. 

The widespread use of deviated and directional drilling and the need for good control of drilling solids have led to an increase in the use of xanthan gum in drilling fluids. Rhodopol G's dust-free granular structure and rapid hydration without forming fish eyes can help streamline mud preparation operations in the field.

Rhodopol G performance in drilling fluids is directly related to the salt content of water, well temperature, pH and other mud additives. In systems that stay at high temperatures for a long time, the viscosity loss of the xanthan gum should be considered and the fluid design should be made accordingly.

Likewise, a xanthan gum product suitable for pesticide formulation cannot be said to be automatically suitable for cleaning product or drilling fluid application. Relevant quality requirements and manufacturer documentation should be checked for each application.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF RHODOPOL G

Rhodopol G is an important functional raw material used in numerous industrial water-based systems due to its high pseudoplastic flow behavior, high viscosity formation at low usage levels, suspension ability and dust-free granular structure.

The following functions may come to the fore in industrial Rhodopol G applications:

Thickening and viscosity control

Suspension of insoluble particles

Prevention of settling and hard deposit formation

Emulsion and dispersion stabilization

Ease of pumping, spraying and application with shear-thinning flow

Sag and flow control

Supporting water retention and workability

Viscosity formation in drilling fluids

In the pesticide sector, Rhodopol G is one of the key components of rheology systems that ensure that suspension concentrates remain stable throughout storage. For this reason, it is among the critical auxiliary raw materials for plant protection product producing facilities.

In the paints and coatings industry, xanthan gum grades can be considered as rheology modifiers in some water-based paint and latex coating formulations. Xanthan gum can help reduce the settling of pigments and fillers during storage, control sagging, and regulate flow behavior during application. And in textile printing, xanthan gum can contribute to the sharpening of print definition by controlling the viscosity of printing pastes.

In the construction chemicals sector, xanthan gum can be evaluated in some formulations for tile adhesives, cementitious admixtures, gypsum, and plaster products to support water retention, workability, and sag resistance. Xanthan gum has also been added to concrete poured underwater to increase viscosity and prevent concrete washout. In ceramic processing, it can be used in some applications to adjust the rheology of ceramic slurries and improve suspension stability.

In home care, industrial cleaning, and oilfield applications, Rhodopol G can be evaluated for functions such as consistency control, adhesion on vertical surfaces, particle suspension, and viscosity formation in drilling muds.

The following issues should be evaluated in the use of Rhodopol G in industrial systems:

Product quality and grade

Viscosity value and measurement conditions

Grain size and granular structure

Loss on drying and moisture content

Hydration method, mixing energy, and water temperature

Target viscosity and usage level

pH value and salt content of the formulation

Process and storage temperature

Compatibility with cationic components, polyvalent metal ions, and borates

Compatibility with oxidizing agents

Synergy or interaction with other thickeners and hydrocolloids

The need for preservatives against microbial spoilage

Dust control and measures against slippery flooring

WHAT PROBLEMS CAN RHODOPOL G HELP SOLVE?

Rhodopol G can help solve a variety of problems associated with solid particle settling, phase separation, insufficient or unstable consistency, product runoff from the surface, inability to control drilling solids, and agglomeration when adding thickeners in pesticide, home care, industrial cleaning, oilfield, and other water-based systems. However, the effect of Rhodopol G depends on the product quality used, dosage, hydration method, and system conditions.

Settling and hard deposit formation in suspension concentrates

In inadequately thickened pesticide suspension concentrates, solid active ingredient particles can settle during storage and form a deposit at the bottom of the package that is difficult to redistribute. This can lead to dosage errors, inhomogeneous application during spraying, and nozzle clogging. 

Used in the right ratio, Rhodopol G can slow down the settling of particles and help the product to disperse easily after storage thanks to the high viscosity it creates at low shear rates.
However, simply increasing the amount of thickener does not solve the problem in all circumstances. Excessive thickening can make it difficult to pour and unload the product from the packaging. The dispersant system, particle size, and other auxiliaries should be considered together.

Lumping, fisheye and dust formation when adding thickener

When fine powdered xanthan gums are added to water with rapid or insufficient mixing, the outer surface of the particles quickly gels and lumps (fisheye) may form that remain dry on the inside. These lumps can lead to late and uneven development of viscosity, filter clogging, and fluctuations in product quality. 

Granular Rhodopol G can help reduce these problems by dispersing without creating dust and hydrating quickly without creating fish eyes. The reduction in dust formation also provides advantages in terms of cleanliness and working conditions in the production area.

Insufficient consistency in cleaning products and runoff from the surface

Low-viscosity cleaning products may flow quickly when applied to vertical surfaces and may not stay on the surface to be cleaned sufficiently. Descalers, oven cleaners and similar products thickened with Rhodopol G can remain on the applied surface longer while pouring easily from the bottle thanks to pseudoplastic flow. 

In scrubbing creams, it can help reduce the separation of insoluble particles.
However, stability tests should be performed as the pH value, salt content, presence of oxidizer, and storage temperature of the formulation can affect the long-term performance of Rhodopol G.

Insufficient viscosity and solids settling in drilling muds

Insufficient viscosity in waterborne drilling muds can lead to solids cut by the drill bit not being carried to the surface and settling in the well when circulation stops. Rhodopol G can help transport and suspend cut solids, especially by improving rheology at low shear rates. However, well temperature, salt content of water, and other mud additives must be considered, and fluid design should be based on site conditions.

Phase separation in emulsions and suspensions

In water-based emulsions and suspensions, low continuous phase viscosity can cause separation of droplets and particles over time, creaming, or settling. Xanthan gum can help slow down this separation by increasing the consistency of the continuous phase. Food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products should use xanthan gum grades with the relevant class and certification for this purpose.

High amount of hydrocolloids and cost

Some formulations may require high amounts of thickeners to achieve the desired consistency. The synergistic effect of xanthan gum with substances such as guar gum, carob gum, or magnesium aluminum silicate can help reduce the total amount of thickener in appropriate systems. It should not be assumed that every Rhodopol G product will exhibit the same process and performance behavior; the usage level should be verified by laboratory and field trials.

THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN USING RHODOPOL G

One of the most common mistakes in the use of Rhodopol G is to use different xanthan gum grades and products from different manufacturers interchangeably with the same weight. However, xanthan gum products may have different grain size, loss on drying, hydration rate and viscosity values. Therefore, when making a product change, the dosage should be determined not only by the product name, but also by the viscosity and performance comparison made under the same conditions.

The following issues should be considered when using Rhodopol G:

The xanthan gum quality suitable for the intended use should be selected.

Only xanthan gum grades with the relevant grade and certification should be used in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.

When comparing viscosity values, it should be checked that the measurement concentration, salt content, device, spindle, speed and temperature conditions are the same.

Loss on drying and moisture content should be taken into account in dosage calculation.

Rhodopol G should be added slowly to water under vigorous stirring to prevent clumping and fisheye formation.

The hydration method, mixing energy, and water temperature should be optimized.

No final assessment of Rhodopol G should be made before the viscosity is fully developed.

Compatibility with cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, and cationic preservatives should be checked.

It should be taken into account that in highly alkaline environments, polyvalent metal ions and borates can lead to gelation.

The risk of precipitation should be evaluated in systems with high levels of water-miscible organic solvents.

The product should not be mixed with strong oxidizing agents.

Viscosity loss should be monitored for low-concentration solutions that are kept at high temperature for a long time.

In water-based formulations, the need for appropriate preservatives against microbial degradation should be evaluated.

The product should be protected from moisture, and the packaging should be tightly sealed after use.

Dust generation and respiratory exposure should be minimized.

Spilled product and hydrated gels should be cleaned immediately as they can create slipperiness on the floor.

Dosage and formulation should be determined by laboratory and field trials.

Manufacturer TDS and SDS documents should be examined.

Batch analysis results should be verified through COA.

Although Rhodopol G is not generally classified as a hazardous substance in published safety data sheets for xanthan gum, powdered products can form combustible dust mixtures when dispersed in high concentration in the air. 

Although the granular structure of Rhodopol G reduces dust generation, appropriate eye protection, protective gloves, dust mask when necessary, and adequate ventilation or local exhaust ventilation should be used where dust occurs to prevent dust formation during weighing, transfer, unloading and dosing stages. Safe operating procedures should be determined according to the current SDS document of the product.

The exposure and safety requirements of auxiliary raw materials such as pesticide active ingredients, surfactants, acids, alkaline cleaning ingredients, drilling mud additives, and preservatives used in conjunction with Rhodopol G should also be evaluated.

INITIAL FORMULATION APPROACHES FOR RHODOPOL G

The following examples are initial approaches designed to illustrate how Rhodopol G can be evaluated in the formulation and process development process. These are not verified commercial recipes, manufacturing instructions, or final formulas that comply with regulations.

The ratios given are laboratory pre-trial baseline levels compiled from ranges in the literature and patents for formulations using xanthan gum. The viscosity, drying loss, grain size and other raw materials of the Rhodopol G to be used can significantly alter performance. Laboratory trial, performance tests, occupational safety and relevant regulatory controls should be carried out in each application.

EXAMPLE 1: RHODOPOL G RATIO SCREENING IN PESTICIDE SUSPENSION CONCENTRATE (SC)

Purpose: To determine the effect of the amount of Rhodopol G on viscosity, settling during storage, redispersibility and dilution stability in a water-based suspension concentrate.

Starting components:

Rhodopol G: approximately 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20% and 0.30% based on total formulation weight

Active solid ingredient: approx. 10%, kept constant

Dispersant and wetting system (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate): approx. 1–10%, maintained constant

Antifreeze (e.g. propylene glycol or glycerin): about 5–15%, kept constant

Defoamer: approx. 0.1–1%, kept constant

Preservative (biocide): approx. 0.1–1%, kept constant

Water: remaining amount

The amount of Rhodopol G is gradually increased to compare the change in rheology and physical stability of the formulation.

Application approach:

Part of the water, the dispersant, wetting agent, antifreeze and part of the defoamer are charged into the mixer.
The solid active substance is added under stirring and pre-dispersion is prepared.

The pre-dispersion is ground in the ball mill until the target particle size is reached.
To the ground suspension, Rhodopol G is added slowly under vigorous stirring to prevent clumping and fisheye formation.

Preservative and remaining defoamer are added, continuing stirring until the viscosity is fully developed.
Viscosity, particle size, and pH are measured.

Samples are stored at room temperature, high temperature, and cold to assess settling, hard sediment, phase separation, and redispersibility.
For dilution stability, the formulation is diluted with water and the amount of sediment formed is checked.

The Rhodopol G ratio, which gives the most balanced result, is determined.
When working with pesticide active ingredients, personal protective equipment specified in the SDS of the active substance should be used, and dust generation should be minimized.

EXAMPLE 2: EVALUATION OF RHODOPOL G RATIO AND STABILITY IN AN ACIDIC DESCALER

Objective: To investigate the effect of Rhodopol G amount on initial viscosity, vertical surface adhesion and viscosity stability during storage in a citric acid-based descaler.

Starting approach:

Rhodopol G: about 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.6%

Citric acid: about 4%, kept constant

Nonionic surfactant (e.g. ethoxylated alcohol): approx. 2%, kept constant

Preservative: approx. 0.1%, kept constant

Perfume and colorant: optional, kept steady

Water: remaining amount

Since systems thickened with xanthan gum may lose viscosity during storage in acidic environments, long-term viscosity stability should be monitored in addition to the initial viscosity in this trial. Clay-based thickeners that can show synergy with xanthan gum can also be evaluated when necessary.

Application approach:

The water is charged into the mixer.
Rhodopol G is added slowly under vigorous stirring and stirred until completely hydrated.
Citric acid is added and dissolved under stirring.

Surfactant, preservative, perfume and colorant are added.
pH and Brookfield viscosity are measured.

The flow time and adhesion behavior of the product on a vertical surface are compared.
Samples are stored at room temperature and high temperature, and viscosity is measured at specific intervals (e.g., up to 90 days).

Results are compared with different ratios of Rhodopol G and the ratio that maintains the target viscosity at the end of storage is determined.
Proper eye, face and hand protection should be used when working with acids, the product should not be mixed with strong oxidizers.

EXAMPLE 3: RHODOPOL G RATIO SCREENING IN WATERBORNE KCL POLYMER DRILLING MUD

Objective: To investigate the effect of Rhodopol G content on rheology, gel strength and solid carrying capacity in a waterborne polymer drilling mud containing potassium chloride.

Starting approach:

Rhodopol G: approximately 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 lb/bbl (approximately 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 g per 350 mL of liquid on a laboratory scale)

Potassium chloride: about 3–5%, kept constant

Polyanionic cellulose (PAC, low viscosity): approx. 1–3 lb/bbl, kept constant

Modified starch (for fluid loss control, optional): kept constant

Weighting agent (e.g. barite): according to target mud density, kept constant

pH adjuster: kept constant

Water: remaining amount

These ratios provide a starting point in the range commonly evaluated for xanthan gum in KCl polymer muds. Ratios should be adjusted based on target rheology, well temperature, and water chemistry.

Application approach:

Water is charged into the laboratory mixer and potassium chloride is dissolved.
Rhodopol G is added slowly under vigorous stirring and stirred until hydrated.

PAC and modified starch, if any, are added.
The weighting agent is added gradually and the pH is adjusted.

The mud is kept for a certain period of time (aged) and the structure is formed.
Plastic viscosity, yield point and gel strengths are measured with the rheometer.

Fluid loss is determined by API filtration testing.
Measurements are repeated at different temperatures and the results are compared with Rhodopol G ratios.
When working with drilling mud additives, dust control should be ensured, appropriate eye, hand and respiratory protection should be used, and used muds should be disposed of in accordance with the legislation.

SIMILAR PRODUCTS AND ALTERNATIVES TO RHODOPOL G

The alternative to Rhodopol G is not just about choosing another xanthan gum product. When determining the alternative, the targeted viscosity, flow behavior, suspension requirement, pH and salt conditions, temperature, compatibility with other ingredients, product form, dust formation, legislation and final product performance should be evaluated together.

RHODOPOL G AND OTHER XANTHAN GUM GRADES

Xanthan gum grades in fine powder form have the same chemical structure and the same CAS number (11138-66-2) as Rhodopol G but have different physical form. The comparison between Rhodopol G and fine powder xanthan gum is therefore an evaluation between two different product forms of the same polysaccharide.

Fine powder xanthan gums may dissolve faster in some systems, but may have a higher tendency to form clumps and fish eyes when added to water, and may form more dust. Rhodopol G, on the other hand, disperses without forming dust and hydrates quickly without forming fish eyes due to its granular structure. 

In addition to these, granular xanthan grades that give transparent solutions, grades designed for saline environments and food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical grade xanthan gums can also be evaluated according to their intended use.
When switching between two products, the dosage should be determined based on the viscosity and suspension performance measured under the same conditions.

RHODOPOL G AND GUAR GUM

Guar gum is a galactomannan-based hydrocolloid used in food, agriculture, and industrial applications and has a different chemical structure than Rhodopol G.
When guar gum and xanthan gum are used together, viscosity increase can be achieved with synergistic effect. According to handbook data, optimum synergistic effect is achieved in the ratios of xanthan gum and guar gum between 3:7 and 1:9. 

For this reason, guar gum can be used in conjunction with, rather than a substitute, for Rhodopol G in some systems, helping to reduce the total amount of thickener.
In drilling fluids, guar gum, xanthan gum and other biopolymers can be considered as primary rheology modifiers.

RHODOPOL G AND CAROB GUM

Carob gum is another galactomannan that can interact with xanthan gum, leading to marked viscosity increase or gel formation.
This synergistic effect is most pronounced in deionized water and decreases in the presence of salt. Therefore, the combination of Rhodopol G and carob gum can be evaluated, especially in systems where a gel structure is required. In cleaning products or drilling fluids with high salt content, its effect may be limited.

RHODOPOL G AND CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES

Carboxymethylcellulose, polyanionic cellulose, and other cellulose derivatives are common thickeners used in water-based systems.
Cellulose derivatives generally do not exhibit pseudoplastic behavior as pronounced as xanthan gum, nor its suspending power at low shear rates. 

In drilling fluids, polyanionic cellulose is more commonly used as a fluid loss control agent and provides secondary viscosity. Rhodopol G, on the other hand, acts as the primary viscosifier and suspending agent.
If xanthan gum is to be used in combination with cellulose derivatives, a cellulase-free xanthan gum grade should be preferred to avoid depolymerization of the cellulose derivative. This combination should be checked by laboratory trials, as some sources also state that xanthan gum may be incompatible with sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

RHODOPOL G AND CLAY BASED THICKENERS

Inorganic clay-based thickeners such as smectite clays, magnesium aluminum silicate and attapulgite are systems that can be used as anti-settling agents, especially in pesticide suspension concentrates and cleaning products.

These thickeners can be used alone or in combination with xanthan gum. Mixtures of xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate between 1:2 and 1:9 can provide optimum properties. In acidic cleaners, a synergistic thickening effect has been reported between imidazoline-treated smectite clay and xanthan gum. Therefore, the choice of thickener should be determined based on formulation type, pH, storage stability, and target rheology.

RHODOPOL G AND OTHER BIOPOLYMERS

Other microbial polysaccharides, such as gellan gum, wellan gum, and succinoglycan, can also be used as rheology modifiers in certain applications.
These biopolymers can exhibit different gel-forming, temperature stability, and suspension properties. 

For example, wellan gum is considered as an alternative biopolymer to xanthan gum in some drilling fluids.
When selecting an alternative, targeted performance, formulation compatibility, regulatory requirements, and cost should be determined by comparative laboratory and field testing.

QUALITY CONTROL AND PURCHASING CRITERIA FOR RHODOPOL G

When purchasing Rhodopol G, it is not enough to decide only on the product name and price. In particular, xanthan gum products from different manufacturers with different quality classes such as technical, industrial, food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals may have different technical properties.

Recommended information to review before purchasing:

Product name and manufacturer

Product form (granule, fine powder or special grain size)

Whether it is pure xanthan gum or a mixture

CAS number

EC/EINECS number

Viscosity value and measurement conditions (concentration, salt content, device, spindle, speed, temperature)

Grain size distribution

pH (in 1% aqueous solution)

Loss on drying

Hydration and dispersal behavior

Quality class (technical, industrial, food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical)

Whether a cellulase-free grade is available where required

Microbiological analyses for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical grades

Heavy metal and residual solvent values for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical grades

INCI name and related documents for cosmetic applications

Relevant certification documents for natural or organic certified products

Technical Data Sheet (TDS)

Safety data sheet (SDS)

Certificate of Analysis (COA)

Production and batch information

Origin information

Packaging type and net quantity

Storage conditions

Shelf life or retest information

REACH and related regulatory compliance information

The COA shows the analysis results of a specific batch of Rhodopol G. The TDS describes the general technical specifications and recommended uses of the product. The SDS contains information on safe use, transport, storage and emergencies.

These documents are not interchangeable; they should be evaluated together.
In particular, when purchasing Rhodopol G, the supplier should be asked about the viscosity and measurement conditions of the product, grain size, loss on drying, pH value and quality class. This is because products with different physical forms, viscosity and hydration behavior can be found under the same name, xanthan gum.

Viscosity values cannot be directly compared with each other when measured at different concentrations, different salt contents or in different device settings. For this reason, products from different suppliers should be compared in the same laboratory and with the same test method, if possible. 

For food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, the product's compliance with the relevant specifications, pharmacopoeia monographs and regulatory requirements must be separately documented.
Products that have exceeded their shelf life or have been stored in improper conditions should be retested before use and evaluated in accordance with manufacturer specifications.

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF RHODOPOL G

Rhodopol G should be stored in its tightly closed original packaging in the conditions recommended by the manufacturer, in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Rhodopol G is a hygroscopic product. 

When the product absorbs moisture, it may clump and cake, losing its free-flowing feature and the advantage of easy dispersion provided by its granule structure. Therefore, it is important to protect packages from moisture and not leave them open. The risk of microbial contamination should also be considered in products kept in a humid environment.

Rhodopol G should be stored separately from strong oxidizing agents. Since the storage class of the product may be defined differently by supplier, the current storage class and separate storage requirements should be checked in the supplier's SDS document.

Once the packaging has been opened, it is important to protect the product from contamination. Clean, dry, and compatible equipment should be preferred during use, unused product should not be returned to the packaging, and the packaging should be properly sealed again. To maintain consistent quality and predictable rheology performance, stock should be used on a "first-in, first-out" (FIFO) principle.

The shelf life for Rhodopol G is stated as 24 months in its original sealed packaging and under recommended conditions. Products that have exceeded their shelf life, clumped, or stored in improper conditions should be retested for viscosity and other quality parameters before use and evaluated in accordance with manufacturer specifications.

In the published safety data sheets for xanthan gum, the product is generally not classified as a dangerous good in road and rail (ADR/RID), sea (IMDG) and air (IATA) transport and is not defined as a marine pollutant. The current transport classification should be checked in the supplier's SDS document.

Dust generation should be minimized during discharge and transfer, as powdered products may form combustible dust mixtures when dispersed in high concentration in air. Appropriate precautions should be considered in areas where large quantities of powder are transferred, as the safety documentation of some xanthan gum products also notes the accumulation of static charge.

In the event of a spill, the product should be swept up or collected without forming dust and placed in suitable and closed containers for disposal. Since Rhodopol G may form slippery gels when in contact with water, the spilled material should be collected dry as far as possible before the area is wetted, and the floor should be dried after the remaining residue has been cleaned with water.

RHODOPOL G SAFETY INFORMATION

The safe use of Rhodopol G depends on the up-to-date SDS document of the supplied product and the implementation of appropriate occupational safety measures.
In published safety data sheets for xanthan gum, the product is generally not classified as a hazardous substance or mixture according to CLP Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.

It is stated that the product does not contain persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) ingredients. However, some supplier documents may also contain warning statements regarding skin and eye irritation. For this reason, the current hazard and precautionary statements for Rhodopol G should be checked in the supplier's SDS document.

Xanthan gum is generally considered a non-toxic and non-irritating substance at levels used as a pharmaceutical excipient. No eye or skin irritation and skin allergy have been reported in animal studies. However, Rhodopol G is a grade for technical purposes and this information does not imply that the product can be used for food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical purposes.

Xanthan gum is a substance in the European Union EC inventory and pre-registered under REACH. The obligations applicable to the companies that use the product and put it on the market and the current legislative status should be followed from the relevant official sources.

Dust inhalation and eye contact in particular should be avoided. Appropriate eye protection, protective gloves and appropriate work clothing should be used during weighing, transfer, dissolution and dosing. Respiratory protection is usually not necessary under normal conditions. However, in cases where nuisance dust is generated, a dust mask can be used and local exhaust ventilation should be provided in areas where dust is generated. 

Dust accumulation should be avoided as powdery products can form combustible dust mixtures when dispersed in high concentration in the air.
If the product is inhaled, the person should be taken out into fresh air, and if respiratory irritation persists, medical attention should be sought. In case of skin contact, the area should be washed with soap and plenty of water, and contaminated clothing should be removed. 

In case of eye contact, the eyes should be washed with water as a precaution, contact lenses should be removed if any, and medical attention should be sought if irritation persists. If swallowed, the mouth should be rinsed with water, and if discomfort occurs, medical attention should be sought. Nothing should be given orally to an unconscious person.

In the event of a fire, water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide may be used. When xanthan gum is decomposed by heating, acrid smoke and irritating gases may be released. When necessary, fire brigade personnel should use self-contained breathing apparatus. The proper extinguishing method should be checked from the SDS.

Although it is stated in the published safety data sheets for xanthan gum that no special environmental precautions are required, the product and wastes containing Rhodopol G should be prevented from reaching sewers, soil or surface waters in an uncontrolled manner. Excess and non-recyclable product should be given to a licensed disposal company, and contaminated packaging should be disposed of as unused product. 

Waste disposal must be carried out in accordance with local legislation and the methods specified in the SDS.
It should not be assumed that the safety information of different manufacturers or different grades is the same. Up-to-date SDS and manufacturer technical documents should be taken as basis.

WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN BUYING RHODOPOL G?

The first step in the supply of Rhodopol G is to clarify the purpose for which the product will be used and in which system. The quality criteria sought for pesticide suspension concentrates, household and industrial cleaning products, drilling muds or other water-based systems may not be the same. 

In the case of food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, the xanthan gum grades certified for these areas should be evaluated separately.
For this reason, instead of writing only "Rhodopol G" or "xanthan gum" in the purchase request, specifying the usage area, desired product form, viscosity expectation, quality class and targeted technical performance provides a more accurate product evaluation.

The following information should be clarified before purchasing:

Sector of use and end application

Desired product form (granules, fine powder) and grain size

Desired viscosity range and measurement method

pH and loss on drying limits

Hydration rate and dust formation expectation

pH, salt, and temperature conditions of the formulation

Whether it contains a cationic component, oxidizer or cellulose derivative

Desired quality class and standard

Relevant documents and certificates for food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical use

Manufacturer and origin information requirement

Desired packaging type and quantity

TDS, SDS and COA needs

REACH and other regulatory compliance documents

If substitution is to be made with the existing product, technical specifications of the existing product

The price of Rhodopol G may vary according to quality class, product form, grain size, origin, cost of sugar-based raw materials and energy used in fermentation, order quantity, packaging, logistics and current market conditions. For this reason, the current Rhodopol G price should be evaluated on the offer together with the product specification and delivery conditions.

RHODOPOL G SUPPLY FROM ATAMAN KIMYA

Rhodopol G is a granular xanthan gum product evaluated for different technical functions such as thickening, stabilization, suspension and viscosity control in pesticide formulations, household and industrial cleaning products, oilfield and other water-based industrial systems. 

It is important for manufacturers planning to purchase Rhodopol G to clarify the appropriate quality, technical specifications, and necessary documentation before ordering.
Companies wishing to obtain information about the supply of Rhodopol G from Ataman Kimya can request information about product suitability, current supply status, packaging options and price offer by sharing their usage areas and technical needs. The current stock status, origin, quality class, technical specifications, packaging and specifications of Rhodopol G should be confirmed from Ataman Kimya before ordering.

Sharing the following information in the request for quotation facilitates the evaluation of the right Rhodopol G product:

Sector of use and end application

Requested product form and grain size

Requested viscosity range and measurement method

pH, salt, and temperature conditions of the formulation

Knowledge of the formulation or process used

Requested quality class and standard

Estimated order quantity

Type of packaging requested

Requested technical documents

TDS or COA information of the current product, if applicable

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT RHODOPOL G

What is Rhodopol G?
Rhodopol G is a granular, dust-free commercial grade of xanthan gum obtained by fermentation of Xanthomonas campestris bacteria. Rhodopol G is used as a thickener, stabilizer and suspending agent in water-based systems.

What is the chemical name of Rhodopol G?
The chemical name of Rhodopol G is xanthan gum. In English, it is referred to as Xanthan Gum or Gum Xanthan.

What is the CAS number of Rhodopol G?
The CAS number for xanthan gum, the chemical identity of Rhodopol G, is 11138-66-2.

What is the EC/EINECS number of Rhodopol G?
The EC/EINECS number for xanthan gum is listed as 234-394-2.

What is the chemical formula and molecular weight of Rhodopol G?
Since Rhodopol G is a polysaccharide polymer, it is not defined by a single fixed formula and molecular weight. The polymer consists of repeat units consisting of glucose, mannose, and glucuronic acid.

How is Rhodopol G produced?
Xanthan gum is produced as a result of aerobic fermentation of sugars with the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. The resulting polysaccharide is precipitated with isopropanol, dried and ground.

What is the physical appearance of Rhodopol G?
Rhodopol G is a cream-colored, granular and dust-free powder.

What is the viscosity of Rhodopol G?
The viscosity of Rhodopol G is specified in the range of 1200 – 1600 cP when measured using a Brookfield LV device at 60 rpm and spindle number 3 in a 1% solution prepared in a solution containing 1% potassium chloride. The exact value should be checked from the supplier's COA document.

What is the pH of Rhodopol G?
The pH value of 1% aqueous solution of Rhodopol G is specified in the range of 6.0 – 8.0.

What is the shelf life of Rhodopol G?
The shelf life of Rhodopol G is stated as 24 months in its original sealed packaging and under recommended conditions.

What is Rhodopol G used for?
Rhodopol G is used as an anti-settling thickener in pesticide suspension concentrates, as a consistency regulator in household descalers, scouring creams, and alkaline oven cleaners, and as a viscosifier in waterborne drilling muds.

In which sectors is Rhodopol G used?
Rhodopol G can be used in pesticides, home care, industrial cleaning, oil and gas, and other industrial water-based systems.

What is the difference between Rhodopol G and fine powder xanthan gum?
Both products contain the same polysaccharide; the difference is in the physical form. Thanks to its granular structure, Rhodopol G forms less dust and hydrates quickly without clumping or forming fish eyes when added to water.

What is fish eye and how does Rhodopol G prevent it?
Fish eyes are lumps formed when powdered thickener is added to water while the outer surface gels and the interior remains dry. The granular structure of Rhodopol G helps disperse particles without sticking together, reducing this issue.

Is Rhodopol G soluble in water?
Yes. Rhodopol G is dispersed in water and hydrates to form a highly viscous solution. In organic solvents, on the other hand, it is practically insoluble. For best results, the product should be added to water slowly under vigorous stirring.

What does pseudoplastic flow mean?
Pseudoplastic or shear-thinning flow means that the solution has a high viscosity at rest, thins during mixing, pumping, or pouring, and thickens again when the shear force disappears. Rhodopol G exhibits high pseudoplastic behavior.

Is Rhodopol G used in food?
Xanthan gum is a food additive known and approved in food under the code INS 415 / E415. However, Rhodopol G is a grade positioned for technical and industrial applications. In food applications, food grade and correspondingly certified xanthan gum should be used.

Is Rhodopol G used in cosmetics?
Xanthan gum is an ingredient used in cosmetic products under the INCI name Xanthan Gum. Cosmetic grade xanthan gum and related documentation must be requested for cosmetic applications. Industrial grade products should not be used directly in cosmetics.

How much Rhodopol G is used in pesticide formulations?
The amount of use varies according to the active substance, solid content and target viscosity. In the patent literature, it is seen that xanthan gum-based thickeners are generally used in suspension concentrates in the range of approximately 0.05 – 0.3% according to formulation weight. The correct dosage should be determined by laboratory trials.

What substances is Rhodopol G incompatible with?
Xanthan gum is anionic in nature. Therefore, it can form precipitation with cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, and cationic preservatives. It is also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. In highly alkaline environments, polyvalent metal ions and borates can lead to gelation.

Is Rhodopol G a dangerous substance?
In published safety data sheets for xanthan gum, the product is generally not classified as a hazardous substance according to the CLP Regulation. However, dust inhalation and eye contact should be avoided, appropriate protective equipment should be used, and up-to-date SDS should be taken as a basis.

Is Rhodopol G classified as dangerous goods for transport?
Xanthan gum is generally not classified as a dangerous good in road, rail, sea and air transport in safety data sheets. Up-to-date transport information should be checked in the supplier's SDS document.

Is Rhodopol G covered by REACH?
Xanthan gum is a substance in the EC inventory that has been pre-registered under REACH. Current legislative status and related obligations should be followed through official sources.

What does the price of Rhodopol G depend on?
The price of Rhodopol G may vary according to quality class, product form, grain size, origin, raw material and energy costs, packaging, order quantity, logistics and market conditions.

Is there an alternative to Rhodopol G?
Other xanthan gum grades, guar gum, carob gum, cellulose derivatives, clay-based thickeners, and other biopolymers such as gellan gum or wellan gum can be considered as alternatives in certain applications. Some can be used in combination with Rhodopol G to provide synergistic effects. The choice of alternative should be based on the targeted performance and system.

How should Rhodopol G be stored?
Rhodopol G should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area in its tightly closed original packaging, away from moisture and strong oxidizing agents. The packaging should not be left open, as the product is hygroscopic.

What documents should be requested when purchasing Rhodopol G?
TDS, SDS and COA are the basic documents. In addition to these, origin information and REACH and relevant legislation compliance information may be requested. For food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, relevant quality and legislation documents should be requested separately.

What technical features are important when buying Rhodopol G?
Viscosity and measurement conditions, grain size, pH, loss on drying, hydration behavior, shelf life, and quality grade can be important based on the intended use.

RHODOPOL G – TECHNICAL SUMMARY

Rhodopol G, chemically known as xanthan gum, is a cream-colored, granular, dust-free, fast-hydrating microbial polysaccharide with high pseudoplastic flow, obtained by fermenting sugars by Xanthomonas campestris bacteria. 

Rhodopol G can be searched for under different names such as Xanthan Gum and Gum Xanthan (Turkish: Ksantan Gam, Ksantan Sakızı). Xanthan gum is used as the INCI name Xanthan Gum in cosmetic products and is identified by the number INS 415 (E415 in Europe) in the Codex Alimentarius system.

Rhodopol G is not a single commercial product type; it is one of the different grades and forms of xanthan gum. Although fine powder, granular, transparent, food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical xanthan gum grades are based on the same chemical structure, the physical form, certification and usage areas are different. 

Viscosity, grain size, pH, loss on drying, and hydration behavior are also important parameters that affect performance. For xanthan gum, CAS No 11138-66-2 and EC No 234-394-2 are used. Since the phrase "xanthan gum" can encompass products of different grades and forms, even ready-made mixtures containing xanthan gum, the exact description and quality grade of Rhodopol G should be checked at the time of purchase.

Rhodopol G is mainly used in pesticide suspension concentrates, household descalers, scouring creams, alkaline oven cleaners, industrial waterborne systems, and waterborne drilling muds. It contributes to process efficiency and product quality through functions such as thickening, stabilization, suspension, and viscosity control. 

Performance depends on product quality, dosage, hydration method, formulation chemistry, other additives and system conditions.
Rhodopol G, which is generally not classified as a hazardous substance but must be controlled for dust generation, requires proper occupational safety measures and the current SDS to be taken as a basis when processing.

Selecting the right grade of Rhodopol G, which can be evaluated in agriculture, cleaning, oilfield, and industrial applications, is essential for final product performance.
Companies planning to procure Rhodopol G from Ataman Kimya are recommended to confirm up-to-date product, stock, origin, packaging and offer information by sharing their usage area, requested product form and quality class, viscosity expectation, formulation conditions, quality standard, quantity and technical document needs.