Quick Search

PRODUCTS

SOLKETAL

Solketal is a protected form of glycerol with an isopropylidene acetal group joining two neighboring hydroxyl groups. Solketal contains a chiral center on the center carbon of the glycerol backbone, and so can be purchased as either the racemate or as one of the two enantiomers. Solketal has been used extensively in the synthesis of mono-, di- and triglycerides by ester bond formation. 

SOLKETAL

CAS No. : 100-79-8
EC No. : 202-888-7

Solketal is a protected form of glycerol with an isopropylidene acetal group joining two neighboring hydroxyl groups. Solketal contains a chiral center on the center carbon of the glycerol backbone, and so can be purchased as either the racemate or as one of the two enantiomers. Solketal has been used extensively in the synthesis of mono-, di- and triglycerides by ester bond formation. 

Solketal; 100-79-8; 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol; (2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methanol; Glycerolacetone; Dioxolan; 1,2-O-Isopropylideneglycerol; Isopropylidene glycerol; 1,2-Isopropylideneglycerol; 1,3-Dioxolane-4-methanol, 2,2-dimethyl-; Glycerol dimethylketal; 2,3-Isopropylideneglycerol; DL-1,2-Isopropylideneglycerol; Acetone monoglycerol ketal; 1,2-Isopropylideneglycerin; Glycerinisopropylidene ether; Acetone glycerol; 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-ylmethanol; Glycerol acetonide; 2,3-(Isopropylidenedioxy)propanol; 2,3-O-Isopropylideneglycerol; 2,2-Dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyldioxolane; 2,2-Dimethyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxacyclopentane; 1,2-O,O-Isopropylideneglycerin; Glycerol, 1,2-O-isopropylidene; Glycerol acetonide (VAN); 2,2-Dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane; 2,2-Dimethyl-5-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane; NSC 59720; 2,2-Dimethyl-4-oxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane; alpha,beta-Isopropylideneglycerol; 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl methanol; Acetone, cyclic (hydroxymethyl)ethylene acetal; EINECS 202-888-7; MFCD00063238; (+/-)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol; .alpha.,.beta.-Isopropylideneglycerol; BRN 0104465; AI3-03547; GIE; 1,2-Isopropylidene-rac-glycerol; D-Acetone glycerol; Solketal, 97%; 36543-79-0; (2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)-methanol; (+/-)-2,2-Dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane; r-glycerol acetonide; R-(-)-Sollketal; [2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methanol; Glycerolacetonide; Racemic solketal; MFCD00063239; DL-1,2-O-Isopropylidene glycerol; (RS)-Solketal; 2,3-dioxacyclopentane; (-)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol; PubChem21305; ACMC-209cql; ACMC-209fuw; ACMC-1AEDC; 1,3-Dioxolane-4-methanol, 2,2-dimethyl-, (S)-; 1,O-Isopropylideneglycerin; EC 202-888-7; 1,2-isopropylidene glycerol; Glycerol,2-O-isopropylidene; SCHEMBL23556; 2,3-dioxolan-4-yl methanol; 5-19-02-00362 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); DL-1,2-isoproylideneglycerol; 1,2-o-isopropylidene glycerol; 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl methanol [IUPAC]; 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,3-dioxolane; SCHEMBL3991160; 1.2-isopropylidene-rac-glycerol; CHEMBL3342436; DTXSID9021845; CTK4H6824; AM666; dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol; ACT05273; BCP26373; NSC59720; EINECS 244-910-8; (.+/-.)-Glycerol 1,2-acetonide; AC-364; ANW-14368; BBL012719; NSC-59720; STK803305; WLN: T5O COTJ B1 B1 D1Q; AKOS000120075; AKOS022060550; AM90170; CS-W018546; MCULE-8717487705; NE11119; (-)-2,3-O-Isopropylidene-sn-glycerol; 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol; 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane4-methanol; Dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane; 2,3-(dimethylmethylenedioxy)-1-propanol; dl-.alpha.,.beta.-Isopropylideneglycerol; (.+/-.)-1,2-O-Isopropylideneglycerol; AK-33274; AK-41538; AS-46670; LS-62597; P533; SC-08976; SC-08977; SC-21475; SY017180; SY017621; (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4yl)methanol; 2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxolane-4-methanol; DB-011643; DL-1,2-Isopropylideneglycerol, >=97.0%; (2,2-dimethyl[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)methanol; 2,2-Dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolan; 4-hydroxymethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan; D0710; FT-0602207; FT-0605040; FT-0609251; FT-0667422; NS00001386; ST50998271; (2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)methanol; EN300-20586; A23564; (2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl) -methanol; (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methan-1-ol; (4RS)-2,2-dimethyl 1.3-dioxolane-4-methanol; (4RS)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol; (rac)-2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]-dioxolane-4-methanol; 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane4-methanol (solketal); 2,2dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol (solketal); rac-(2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)-methanol; rac-(2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)methanol; (R)-(?)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol; 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol (solketal); Q2968854; W-108939; [(4R/S)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methanol; F0001-0027; Z1262396033; (+/-)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol (Glycerol acetonide); Racemic mixture (+/-)-2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane;

IUPAC name
(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methanol
Other names
Isopropylidene glycerol
Chemical formula    
C6H12O3
Molar mass
132.159 g·mol−1
Appearance
clear colorless liquid
Density
1.063 g/mL at 25 °C
Boiling point
188 to 189 °C (370 to 372 °F; 461 to 462 K)
Solubility in water    
Miscible
Solubility
Miscible in most organic solvents (alcohols, ethers, hydrocarbons)

Solketal is a protected form of glycerol with an isopropylidene acetal group joining two neighboring hydroxyl groups. Solketal contains a chiral center on the center carbon of the glycerol backbone, and so can be purchased as either the racemate or as one of the two enantiomers. Solketal has been used extensively in the synthesis of mono-, di- and triglycerides by ester bond formation. The free hydroxyl groups of solketal can be esteried with a carboxylic acid to form the protected monoglyceride, where the isopropylene group can then be removed using an acid catalyst in aqueous or alcoholic medium. The unprotected diol can then be esteried further to form either the di- or triglyceride.

Abstract
Commercial solketal is known as AugeoTM SL 191 s which stands out as a slow evaporation solvent derived from glycerin which is considered a renewable source. It has low toxicity to human health and the environment. It is a good solvent for resins and polymers, replacing solvents derived from petroleum, and can be used as an additive of (bio) fuels. This work aimed to study acidy zeolites (H-BEA, H-MOR, H-MFI, and H-FER) as new heterogeneous catalysts of solketal production, through the ketalization reaction of glycerol with acetone. The catalytic activity showed H-BEA > H-MOR = H-MFI > H-FER after 180 min, in kinetics study. The major conversion was 85% for H-BEA. It was also veried that all the catalysts can be reused four times without washing or pretreatment among reactions in batch reactor. The solketal produced in this work was characterized by comparing it with its commercial standard, obtaining very similar characteristics. Solketal is an excellent component for the formulation of gasoline, diesel, and biodiesel.  it occurs that the output of the remaining acetone and water between 70 and 120°C plus a fraction containing solketal is distilled. Glycerol is only removed when the system reaches 200°C. The yield of the distillation was 60% by mass of solketal over the initial blend (solketal-waterglycerol-traces of acetone). The solketal fraction is colorless but with a lower viscosity than glycerol.

Solketal: Green and catalytic synthesis and its classication as a solvent - 2,2-dimethyl-4-hidroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane, an interesting green solvent produced through heterogeneous catalysis Most solvents have been labelled as toxic or hazardous substances, but the use of glycerol derivatives could help solve these and other problems. An alternative, green synthesis of 2,2dimethyl-4-hidroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane (solketal), using solid acid catalysts, has been developed. It is shown that using auxiliary solvents is not essential to get good results, and that the solid catalyst can be recovered and reused, improving the productivity. Moreover solketal has been characterized by determining its polarity and hydrophobicity parameters, which allow identifying possible solvent substitution applications more easily. 

Applications 
Solketal is useful for synthesis of mono-, di- and triglycerides. It is used as the starting reagent for synthesis of tulipaline derivatives. It acts as a fuel additive in gasoline. It is an inhibitor of Methyl ethyl ketone
Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Incompatible materials are acids, Strong oxidizing agents. Ketalization of glycerol with acetone to synthesize solketal-a potential fuel additive is one of the most promising routes for valorization of glycerol. In this article, state-of-the-art of glycerol ketalization is reviewed, focusing on innovative and potential technologies towards sustainable production of solketal. The glycerol ketalization processes developed in both batch and continuous reactors and performance of some typical catalysts are compared. The mechanisms for the acid-catalyzed conversion of glycerol into solketal are presented. The main operation issues related to catalytic conversion of crude glycerol in a continuous-ow process and the direct use of crude glycerol are discussed. 

Glycerol to Solketal for Fuel Additive: Recent Progress in Heterogeneous Catalysts

Biodiesel has been successfully commercialized in numerous countries. Glycerol, as a byproduct in biodiesel production plant, has been explored recently for fuel additive production. One of the most prospective fuel additives is solketal, which is produced from glycerol and acetone via an acetalization reaction. This manuscript reviewed recent progress on heterogeneous catalysts used in the exploratory stage of glycerol conversion to solketal. The eects of acidity strength, hydrophobicity, connement eect, and others are discussed to nd the most critical parameters to design better catalysts for solketal production. Among the heterogeneous catalysts, resins, hierarchical zeolites, mesoporous silica materials, and clays have been explored as eective catalysts for acetalization of glycerol. Challenges with each popular catalytic material are elaborated. Future works on glycerol to solketal will be improved by considering the stability of the catalysts in the presence of water as a byproduct. The presence of     water and salt in the feed is certainly destructive to the activity and the stability of the catalysts. 

Keywords: fuel additives; biodiesel; glycerol; solketal; solid acid catalysts.

  • Share !
E-NEWSLETTER