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SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE
Sorbitan monopalmitate (SMP) is a food additive, permitted by the EU. It is entry E495 in the E number list of permitted food additives. It is also known under the trade name Span 40.
Sorbitan monopalmitate has been known since at least 1959.
Around 2000, SMP was permitted by the EU in bakery products, icings, marmalades, simulations of milk and cream, beverage whiteners, liquid concentrates of fruit and herbs, sorbets, emulsified sauces, food supplements and chewing gum amongst others.
SMP is a polysorbate that is derived from the mixture of partial esters of sorbitol treated with palmitic acid. SMP is a lipophilic surfactant. It may be found in combination with polysorbates. It is used to modify crystallisation of fats. It is insoluble in water. Up to 25 mg/kg bodyweight can be processed by humans. SMP is metabolized to sorbitol and palmitic acid, without any apparent side effects. The use of animal fats, like pork, in the production of SMP is possible.
Sorbitan monopalmitate is used as surfactant or emulsifying agent in the preparation of emulsions, creams, and ointments for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use. Sorbitan esters and their ethoxylates are a range of mild nonionic surfactants with multifunctional benefits in. It is also used as dispersant of printing inks and oils, stabilizer for emulsifying and emulsifier for oil field.
Molecular Formula: C22H42O6
Molecular Weight: 402.5653
E No.: E 495
CAS No.: 26266-57-9
EC No.: 247-568-8
SYNONYMS:
SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE, Sorbitan monohexadecanoate, Sorbitan palmitate, 26266-57-9, UNII-77K6Z421KU, Span 40, Arlacel 40, Glycomul P, Liposorb P, SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE, Protachem SMP, Sorbitan palmitas, 77K6Z421KU, Crill 2, Montane 40, Nikkol SP10, Nonion PP40, Sorgen 70, Nissan nonion PP40, Rheodol SP-P 10, Sorbitan, monopalmitate, Emsorb 2510, Nissan nonion PP 40R, [(2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] hexadecanoate, Sorbitani palmitas [INN-Latin], INECS 247-568-8, Palmitate de sorbitan [INN-French], Palmitato de sorbitano [INN-Spanish], Sorbitani palmitas, AI3-03901, Palmitate de sorbitan, Sorbitan palmitate [INN], Palmitato de sorbitano, Sorbitan, esters, monohexadecanoate, Sorbitan monopalmitate [USAN:NF], NCGC00181308-01, 1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol, 6-hexadecanoate, D-Glucitol, 1,4-anhydro-, 6-hexadecanoate, DSSTox_CID_9335, EC 247-568-8, DSSTox_RID_78767, DSSTox_GSID_29335, CHEMBL3186294, DTXSID6029335, SCHEMBL13700731, DTXSID90873164, Sorbitan monopalmitate. (Compound usually contains also associated fatty acids.), ZINC8214459, Span 40 (=Sorbitan Monopalmitate), Tox21_112783, 1,4-anhydro-6-O-palmitoyl-D-glucitol, 1,4-Anhydro-6-O-hexadecanoyl-D-glucitol, CAS-26266-57-9, S0061, (R)-2-((2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethyl palmitate, 5050-91-9
IUPAC NAMES:
(2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl hexadecanoate, 1,4-anhydro-6-O-palmitoyl-D-glucitol, [(2R)-2-[(3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] hexadecanoate, Reaction products of esterification of palmitic acid and sorbitane, Sorbitan monopalmitate, Sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan palmitate, Sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan palmitate, Span 40 (=Sorbitan Monopalmitate)
TRADE NAMES:
Span 40
SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE
Sorbitan monopalmitate is a polysorbate that is derived from the mixture of partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with palmitic acid.
Sorbitan monopalmitate is a lipophilic surface-active agent. It is often used as an emulsifier in combination with polysorbates. It is also used to modify crystallisation of fats.
Within the EU Sorbitan monopalmitate is permitted in bakery products, toppings and coatings, marmalade, fat emulsions, milk and cream analogues,beverage whiteners, liquid tea concentrates and liquid fruit and herbal infusion concentrates, edible ices, emulsified sauces, dietary food supplements, chewing gum, dietetic foods intended for special medical purposes.
Consists of a mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides (which have an acid value below 7.5 and a water content below 0.2%) with edible commercial palmitic acid condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides.
Span 40 is a sorbitan fatty acid ester and is a low HLB surfactant. It has good green credentials.
Sorbitan monopalmitate (Span 40) is a nonionic emulsifier, surfactant and food additive. The product of Croda Inc. Span 40 is used in skin care, hair care and decorative cosmetics. It is also used as an effector in compositions capable of facilitating penetration across a biological barrier. Inactive ingredient of some medications it improves transdermal delivery of drugs and is a potential carrier for topical drug delivery. In PLIAGLIS cream (lidocaine and tetracaine) sorbitan monopalmitate is used as an inactive ingredient. Sorbitan monopalmitate is a fatty acid sorbitan ester, yellowish brown wax, slightly soluble in isopropanol, xylene and liquid paraffin, insoluble in water, non-toxic.
Sorbitan esters of fatty acid is called sorbitan ester, which is produced by esterification of sorbitol and fatty acid. It is a mixture of sorbitol ester and sorbide ester, which are simultaneously produced as well as sorbitan ester.
There are many types of sorbitan esters with different kinds of fatty acids and various degrees of esterification. Those are generally used as emulsifier for cream etc. It is applied in limited fields by itself because its special characteristics other than emulsifying capability are few; however, it is widely used as a major emulsifier in combination with other emulsifiers with different functions.
Sorbitan esters (also known as Spans) are nonionic surfactants that are used as emulsifying agents in the preparation of emulsions, creams, and ointments for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use. When used alone they produce stable water-in-oil emulsions but they are frequently used with a polysorbate in varying proportions to produce water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsions or creams with a variety of different textures and consistencies. Sorbitan esters are also used as emulsifiers and stabilisers in food.
Sorbitan esters are nonionic lipophilic surfactants that are commonly used as water-in-oil (W/O) emulsifiers and stabilizers. Sorbitan fatty acid esters are produced by esterification of dehydrated sorbitol (sorbitan) with a variety of fatty acids. Sorbitol is a sugar alcohol that can be obtained by the reduction of glucose or derived from corn, potatoes, etc. The fatty acids commonly used to synthesize sorbitan esters include lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid.
Sorbitan esters used as non ionic surfactants are effective for various functions. Our range of surfactants is used in a variety of settings, for example, as an emulsifier in food, a stabilizer in a cosmetic cream formulation, or a cosolvent and antirust agent for petroleum and oil. These surfactants are sourced from vegetables and vegan friendly. They are safe and nontoxic as food additives when used according to regulations.
Our range of sorbitan esters has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) between 1.6 - 8.6, which make them dissolvable in polar organic solvents and oils. When used in combination with varying proportions of ethoxylated sorbitan esters (polysorbate) that have an HLB range between 10.0 – 16.7, it creates more versatile surfactants; which can produce W/O or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions with varying levels of consistencies, expanding the possible applications of these surfactants.
Sorbitan monopalmitate, also known as sorbitan palmitate/SMP, is synthesized by the esterification of sorbitan with palmitic acid. It has a molecular formula of C22H42O6. At room temperature, it is a light yellow granular solid. Monopalmitate is a W/O emulsifier that has an HLB value of 6.7. Besides emulsification, sorbitan monopalmitate can also act as a stabilizer, thickener for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic formulations; and as a lubricant, softener, finishing agent for the textile industry. Also, sorbitan monopalmitate is used as a dispersant for printing ink.
Sorbitan monopalmitate is a co-emulsifier O/W for skin care, hair care and decorative cosmetics. It is part of a broad range of ester materials including sorbitan esters, mono and diglycerides, and polyoxyethylene sorbitol esters. This grade appears as a cream solid, and it possesses a wax-like structure which is useful where rigidity is needed in lipophilic compositions.
These nonionic surfactants can function as emulsifiers, detergents, spreading or dispersing agents. It finds wide use in the personal care industry. They offer many advantages over ionic surfactants such as soaps, including increased stability, formulating flexibility and wider compatibility.
Class: Emulsifier
Description and ingredients: It is a mixture of partial esters of sorbitol and anhydrides and vegetable palmitic acid. It may have free fatty acids and sorbitol, isosorbit esters.
Physical Description: Dry powder, light cream to tan-coloured beads or flakes or a hard, waxy solid with a slight characteristic odour
Solubility: Soluble at temperatures above its melting point in ethanol, methanol, ether, ethyl acetate, aniline, toluene, dioxane, petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride. Insoluble in cold water but dispersible in warm water.
Infrared absorption: The infrared spectrum of the sample is characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyoxyethylated polyol.
Colour reaction: To 5 ml of a 5% (w/v) aqueous solution of the sample add 10 ml of ammonium cobaltothiocyanate solution and 5 ml of chloroform, shake well and allow to separate; a blue colour is produced in the chloroform layer. (Ammonium cobaltothiocyanate solution: 37.5 g of cobalt nitrate and 150 g of ammonium thiocyanate made up to 100 ml with water - freshly prepared).
Test for fatty acids: To 5 ml of a 5% (w/v) aqueous solution of the sample add 5 ml sodium hydroxide TS. Boil for a few min, cool, and acidify with dilute hydrochloric acid. The solution is strongly opalescent, owing to the fatty acids liberated.
Gelatinization: A mixture of 60 parts by volume of the sample and 40 parts of water yields a gelatinous mass at or below room temperature.
Saponification (Vol. 4): 100 g of the sample yields approximately 20 g of fatty acids and 78 g of polyols.
Acid Value: Not more than 7,5
Melting point: 46-47 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 444,68°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.0412 (rough estimate)
Refractive index: 1.4593 (estimate)
Flash point:>230 °F
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 6.7
Uses:
Sorbitan monopalmitate is a nonionic, mid-range HLB surfactant suggested for use as a w/o or an o/w emulsifier for cosmetic formulations, household products and textile chemicals. Sorbitan palmitate is an emulsifier with moisture-binding abilities. It also serves as a solubilizer of essential oils in water. It is derived from sorbitol.
Industry Uses:
• Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
• Finishing agents
• Lubricants and lubricant additives
• Solids separation agents
• Surface active agents
General Manufacturing Information:
Industry Processing Sectors:
• Paint and coating manufacturing
• Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
• Petroleum lubricating oil and grease manufacturing
• Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing
• Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing
Intended usage:
It is lipophilic surfactant substance. It is generally used as an emulsifer together with polysorbates. It is used to change crystallization of the oils.
Usage area:
• Fine bakery products
• Fine bakery products, decoration and coating materials
• Baker’s yeasts
• Oil emulsions
• Milk and cream mixtures
• Gel marmelades
• Tahini halva varieties
• Cocoa based candies
• Chocolates
• Liquid mixtures of fruits and vegetables
• Sweets
• Sugar based candies
• Food supplements
Quantity of usage: It is determined by the practitioner according to intended use and place of use.
Consumer Uses:
This substance is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, plant protection products, lubricants and greases, adhesives and sealants, fertilisers, polishes and waxes and coating products. Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Article service life:
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints) and outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)).
This substance can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles.
This substance can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones) and rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys).
This substance is intended to be released from scented: clothes.
Widespread uses by professional workers:
This substance is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, polishes and waxes and plant protection products.
This substance is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Formulation or re-packing:
This substance is used in the following products: polymers, lubricants and greases, textile treatment products and dyes, coating products and cosmetics and personal care products.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Uses at industrial sites:
This substance is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, metal surface treatment products, polymers, textile treatment products and dyes, pH regulators and water treatment products and leather treatment products.
This substance is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur and rubber products.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and as processing aid.
Consists of a mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides (which have an acid value below 7.5 and a water content below 0.2%) with edible commercial palmitic acid condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides. Around 2000, SMP was permitted by the EU in bakery products, icings, marmalades, simulations of milk and cream, beverage whiteners, liquid concentrates of fruit and herbs, sorbets, emulsified sauces, food supplements and chewing gum amongst others.
SMP is a polysorbate that is derived from the mixture of partial esters of sorbitol treated with palmitic acid. SMP is a lipophilic surfactant. It may be found in combination with polysorbates. It is used to modify crystallisation of fats. It is insoluble in water. Up to 25 mg/kg bodyweight can be processed by humans. SMP is metabolized to sorbitol and palmitic acid, without any apparent side effects. The use of animal fats, like pork, in the production of SMP is possible.A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides with edible, commercial palmitic acid. Span 40 is a biodegradable surfactant based on a natural fatty acid (palmatic acid) & sugar alcohol sorbitol. This sorbitan ester is highly effective at forming oil in water emulsions, particularly when used with its polyethoxylated derivative, Tween 40.The sorbitan esters are produced by reacting the polyol, sorbitol, with a fatty acids (stearic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid). Both sobitol and the fatty acids are naturally occurring and are used in cosmetic products. Sorbitan Palmitate is a surfactant and emulsifier made from palm oil and sorbitol (a natural sugar alcohol). It is biodegradable, non-toxic and a non-irritant.Sorbitan monopalmitate (Span 40) is a nonionic emulsifier, surfactant and food additive. The product of Croda Inc.
Description and ingredients: Flake emulsifier and emollient. It is primarily used in o/w emulsions as an auxiliary emulsifier and stabilizer. It is a mixture of partial esters of sorbitol and anhydrides and vegetable palmitic acid. It may have free fatty acids and sorbitol, isosorbit esters.Span 40 is yellowish brown wax. It is slightly soluble in isopropanol, xylene and liquid paraffin, insoluble in water, and non-toxic. Odorless. HLB 6.7.The infrared spectrum of the sample is characteristic of a partial fatty acidester of a polyol. Sorbitan palmitate, also known as nissan nonion PP40 or arlacel 40, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty acid esters. These are carboxylic ester derivatives of a fatty acid. Sorbitan palmitate is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral.Fatty acid sorbitan esters by direct reaction of sorbitol with fatty acid using a phosphorus oxyacid, including reducing phosphorus oxyacid, particularly phosphorous acid, catalyst system and an alkali or alkali earth metal base, particularly oxide, hydroxide or carbonate, in an acid:base molar ratio of 0.9:1 to 1.7:1, at a catalyst concentration of 1.5 to 30 %, particularly 3 to 12 %, by weight of sorbitol can have lower colour than products of prior commercial bulk processes even without the use of activated carbon and product bleaching typically used previously. The esters can be further reacted with alkylene oxide to make derivatives, particularly polysorbates. The esters and polyalkyleneoxy derivatives are useful surfactants in various applications. Products of low colour made without using activated carbon or bleaching are attractive for personal care applications.
Span 40 is used in skin care, hair care and decorative cosmetics. It is also used as an effector in compositions capable of facilitating penetration across a biological barrier. Inactive ingredient of some medications it improves transdermal delivery of drugs and is a potential carrier for topical drug delivery.
In PLIAGLIS cream (lidocaine and tetracaine) sorbitan monopalmitate is used as an inactive ingredient. Sorbitan monopalmitate is a fatty acid sorbitan ester, yellowish brown wax, slightly soluble in isopropanol, xylene and liquid paraffin, insoluble in water, non-toxic. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters and sodium caseinate on physicochemical properties of palm-based functional lipid nanodispersions prepared by the emulsification-evaporation technique. The results indicated that the average droplet size increased significantly (P sodium caseinate-stabilized nanodispersions containing carotenoids had the largest average droplet size (386 nm), thus indicating a greater emulsifying role for Polysorbate 20 compared with sodium caseinate. We examined the phase behavior of various polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester (polysorbates)/ethanol/isopropyl myristate (IPM)/150 mM NaCl solution (NaClaq) systems in order to prepare a microemulsion containing a low ratio of ethanol, which is more suitable for in vivo application. Using polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate (Tween 85), which has a large lipophilic moiety, as a surfactant component, single-phase domain of the phase diagram was the largest of all the polysorbates examined, and in particular a large oil-rich single-phase domain was obtained.Sorbitan monoesters of palmitic and stearic acids and triesters of stearic acid have been evaluated for acceptable daily intake by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives in 1974 (see Annex I,Ref. 32) and a toxicological monograph was prepared (see Annex I, Ref 33).
Sorbitan monoesters of oleic and lauric acids have not previously been evaluated by JECFA. The previous published monograph has been expanded to include sorbitan esters of oleic and lauric acids. products are non-ionic lipophilic surfactants, obtained by esterification of sorbitol with a fatty acid. Full range biosourced and vegetable grades are available.products are derived from monoester, sesquiester or triester of the following acids: lauric, palmitic, stearic, isostearic and oleic.emulsifiers are low coloured products, with a faint odour and low impurities content.grades have an HLB (Hydrophilic / Lipophilic Balance) range from 1.8 to 8.6.They are compatible with all surfactants and with electrolytes.They are not sensitive to pH variation. We are a client centric organization and have come up with a premium quality range of Sorbitan Monopalmitate (Span 40). This is a nonionic, lipophilic (oil loving) surfactant that is prepared using high grade ingredients and in compliance with the industry standards. It is widely used as for preparation of water in oil emulsifiers, emulsifier in leather auxiliary for some finishing formulations, opacifiers in cosmetics and also in pharmaceutical creams and lotions. We offer these Sorbitan Monopalmitate in customized specifications to meet the exact demands of clients. These are also known as Span 40.
Sorbitan Stearate, Sorbitan Laurate, Sorbitan Sesquioleate, Sorbitan Oleate, Sorbitan Tristearate, Sorbitan Palmitate and Sorbitan Trioleate are white to tan-colored solids. In cosmetics and personal care products, Sorbitan Esters are used in a variety of products including skin care products, skin cleansing products, moisturizers, eye makeup and other makeup.Sorbitan Stearate, Sorbitan Laurate, Sorbitan Sesquioleate, Sorbitan Oleate, Sorbitan Tristearate, Sorbitan Palmitate and Sorbitan Trioleate function as surfactant - emulsifying agents.The sorbitan esters are produced by reacting the polyol, sorbitol, with a fatty acids (stearic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid). Both sobitol and the fatty acids are naturally occurring and are used in cosmetic products. A creamy solid that helps water and oil to mix, aka emulsifier. Its solid, wax-like nature is useful for oil-based formulas where some rigidity is needed.Sorbitan" refers to the ingredient sorbitan hydride. Sorbitan consists of a mixture of several isomeric cyclic compounds, which are formed by the splitting off of a molecule of water from sorbitol. "Palmitates" means the ester palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid).Sorbitan palmitate is used in cosmetic formulations.
The sorbitan fatty acid ester acts as an emulsifier (a surface-active substance which is used as an additive in cosmetic products to combine two immiscible liquids - e.g. oil and water - to an emulsion).Sorbitan is a mixture of isomeric organic compounds that are derived from the dehydration of sorbitol and is an intermediate in the conversion of sorbitol to isosorbide. Sorbitan esters are nonionic surfactants used as emulsifying agents in the preparation of emulsions, creams, and ointments for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use. Sorbitan palmitate is a surfactant and emulsifier that is made from palm oil and sorbitol (natural sugar alcohol). It is biodegradable, non-toxic and a non-irritant.
The sorbitan palmitate market has witnessed a significant growth owing to factors such as growth of chemical industry. Moreover, to provide economic factors, technology trends, and market trends that influence the global Sorbitan Palmitate market. However, less consumer knowledge related to sorbitan palmitate is projected to hamper the overall growth of the sorbitan palmitate market.cutting-edge oil-in water emulsion stabilizing agent and liquid crystal promoter lamellar liquid that actually reorganizes emulsion structure on a microscopic level, improving product performance, texture and feel.
The distinct lamellar liquid crystal structure is remarkably similar to the skin’s own natural lipid structure, creating an excellent delivery system that provides superior hydrating effects due to the high water content of the liquid crystalline structure that forms when in contact with the skin. Though providing intense moisturization and skin softening abilities, it leaves a uniquely modern, light, non-greasy feel and finish that is without tackiness or whitening effect. derived from olive oil fatty acids which are naturally gentle and skin friendly, making this dynamic functional ingredient a winning choice when looking to create skin-compatible, sophisticated formulas in a wide variety of eco-friendly body and skin care products. Simple to use, in either emulsions (at water or oil phase) or anhydrous systems, Oliwax® LC is biodegradable, ECOCERT validated and recognized by the CIR panel as safe, making it a great choice for those targeting the eco-chic, natural use and extra sensitive product categories.
