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CAS Number: 10476-85-4
EC Number:233-971-6
General description
Strontium chloride solution is an additive screening solution of Additive Screening Kit.
Additive Screen kit is designed to allow rapid and convenient evaluation of additives and their ability to influence the crystallization of the sample.
The Additive Kit provides a tool for refining crystallization conditions.
Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chlorine.
Strontium chloride is a 'typical' salt, forming neutral aqueous solutions. As with all compounds of strontium, this salt emits a bright red colour in flame, and is commonly used in fireworks to that effect.
Strontium chloride chemical properties are intermediate between those for barium chloride, which is more toxic, and calcium chloride.
Preparation
Strontium chloride can be prepared by treating aqueous strontium hydroxide or strontium carbonate with hydrochloric acid:
Sr(OH)2 + 2 HCl → SrCl2 + 2 H2O
Crystallization from cold aqueous solution gives the hexahydrate, SrCl2·6H2O. Dehydration of this salt occurs in stages, commencing above 61 °C (142 °F). Full dehydration occurs at 320 °C (608 °F).
Structure
The crystalline solid adopts a fluorite structure.
Strontium chloride the vapour phase the SrCl2 molecule is non-linear with a Cl-Sr-Cl angle of approximately 130°.
This is an exception to VSEPR theory which would predict a linear structure.
Ab initio calculations have been cited to propose that contributions from d orbitals in the shell below the valence shell are responsible.
Another proposal is that polarisation of the electron core of the strontium atom causes a distortion of the core electron density that interacts with the Sr-Cl bonds.
Uses
Strontium chloride is a precursor to other compounds of strontium, such as yellow strontium chromate, strontium carbonate, and strontium sulfate.
Exposure of strontium chloride to the sodium salt of the desired anion (or alternately carbon dioxide gas to form the carbonate) leads to precipitation of the salt:
SrCl2 + Na2CrO4 → SrCrO4 + 2 NaCl
SrCl2 + Na2CO3 → SrCO3 + 2 NaCl
SrCl2 + H2O + CO2 → SrCO3 + 2 HCl
SrCl2 + Na2SO4 → SrSO4 + 2 NaCl
Strontium chloride is often used as a red colouring agent in pyrotechnics.
Strontium chloride imparts a much more intense red colour to the flames than most other alternatives.
Strontium chloride is employed in small quantities in glass-making and metallurgy.
The radioactive isotope strontium-89, used for the treatment of bone cancer, is usually administered in the form of strontium chloride.
Seawater aquaria require small amounts of strontium chloride, which is consumed during the growth of certain plankton.
Dental care
SrCl2 is useful in reducing tooth sensitivity by forming a barrier over microscopic tubules in the dentin containing nerve endings that have become exposed by gum recession.
Known in the U.S. as Elecol and Sensodyne, these products are called "strontium chloride toothpastes", although most now use saltpeter (KNO3) instead which works as an analgesic rather than a barrier.
Biological research
Brief strontium chloride exposure induces parthenogenetic activation of oocytes which is used in developmental biological research.
Ammonium storage
A commercial company is using a strontium chloride-based artificial solid called AdAmmine as a means to store ammonium at low pressure, mainly for use in NOx emission reduction on Diesel vehicles.
They claim that their patented material can also be made from some other salts, but they have chosen strontium chloride for mass production
Earlier company research also considered using the stored ammonium as a means to store synthetic Ammonium fuel under the trademark HydrAmmine and the press name "hydrogen tablet", however, this aspect has not been commercialized.
Their processes and materials are patented. Their early experiments used magnesium chloride, and is also mentioned in that article.
Synonym(s):
Additive Screening Solution 27/Kit-No 78374
Synonyms HelpNew Window
Strontium chloride (SrCl2)
SrCl2
Strontium Chloride, Anhydrous
MFCD00011249
Strontium chloride anhydrous
Cl2Sr
EINECS 233-971-6
Sr Cl2
Strontium chloride, ultra dry
8329AF
NSC721349
AKOS024458324
NSC-721349
EC 233-971-6
Metastron, a pure beta emitter with half-life of 50.5 days
Strontium chloride, anhydrous, powder, >=99.99% trace metals basis
Strontium chloride, anhydrous, beads, -10 mesh, 99.995% trace metals basis
CAS Number:10476-85-4
MDL number:MFCD00134060
PubChem Substance ID:57652171
Strontium Chloride Hexahydrate is an excellent water soluble crystalline Strontium source for uses compatible with chlorides.
Chloride compounds can conduct electricity when fused or dissolved in water.
Chloride materials can be decomposed by electrolysis to chlorine gas and the metal.
They are formed through various chlorination processes whereby at least one chlorine anion (Cl-) is covalently bonded to the relevant metal or cation.
Ultra high purity and proprietary formulations can be prepared.
The chloride ion controls fluid equilibrium and pH levels in metabolic systems.
Strontium chloride can form either inorganic or organic compounds.
Strontium Chloride is generally immediately available in most volumes.
Ultra high purity, high purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.
We also produce Strontium Chloride Solution.
American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.
Typical and custom packaging is available.
Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Identifiers
CAS Number: 10476-85-4
10025-70-4 (hexahydrate)
ChEBI:CHEBI:36383
ChEMBL:ChEMBL2219640
ChemSpider:55440
ECHA InfoCard: 100.030.870
EC Number:233-971-6
PubChem CID:61520
UNII:EKE8PS9J6Z
O09USB7Z44 (hexahydrate)
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) :DTXSID6040616
Properties
Chemical formula: SrCl2
Molar mass: 158.53 g/mol (anhydrous)
266.62 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Appearance: White crystalline solid
Density :3.052 g/cm3 (anhydrous, monoclinic form)
2.672 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
1.930 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
Melting point: 874 °C (1,605 °F; 1,147 K) (anhydrous)
61 °C (hexahydrate)
Boiling point: 1,250 °C (2,280 °F; 1,520 K) (anhydrous)
Solubility in water:
anhydrous:
53.8 g/100 mL (20 °C)
hexahydrate:
106 g/100 mL (0 °C)
206 g/100 mL (40 °C)
Solubility:
ethanol: very slightly soluble
acetone: very slightly soluble
ammonia: insoluble
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) −63.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD):
1.650 (anhydrous)
1.594 (dihydrate)
1.536 (hexahydrate)
Structure
Crystal structure: Deformed rutile structure
Coordination geometry: octahedral (six-coordinate)
Hazards
Main hazards: Irritant
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) :NFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point: N/A
Related compounds
Other anions:
Strontium fluoride
Strontium bromide
Strontium iodide
Other cations:
Beryllium chloride
Magnesium chloride
Calcium chloride
Barium chloride
Radium chloride
Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chloride. SrCl2 is useful in reducing tooth sensitivity by forming a barrier over microscopic tubules in the dentin containing nerve endings that have become exposed by gum recession.
This kind of barrier protection for tooth hypersensitivity has, however, been superseded by other toothpaste formulations and ingredients designed to be nerve calming agents instead 1,2.
Such strontium chloride toothpaste formulations may subsequently not be available for sale anymore in certain parts of the world.
Indication:
When employed as an ingredient in toothpaste formulations, strontium chloride is predominantly indicated for treating teeth hypersensitivity
Pharmacodynamics
As an active ingredient in a toothpaste formulation, strontium chloride and the rest of the toothpaste product that it is incorporated into is designed to come into contact with and topically coat the teeth that are being brushed and is not supposed to be swallowed.
The regular use of the toothpaste maintains protection that strontium chloride provides against tooth sensitivity despite the normal everyday wear, tear, and cleaning of teeth.
Mechanism of action
For dental hypersensitivity, strontium ions in strontium chloride toothpaste formulations appear to relieve pain and sensitivity by blocking fluid flow in dentinal tubules, which are essentially microscopic canals in the dentin.
Regular use of such toothpastes maintains the strontium chloride barricading of the tubules despite normal everyday wear, tear, and washing of teeth.
Absorption
About percent of ingested strontium is absorbed into the blood through the gut.
The amount of strontium absorbed tends to decrease with age and is higher (about 60 percent) in children in their first year of life.
Once it is absorbed into the blood, most of it ends up in bone; with the remainder going to soft tissues or being excreted in urine, feces, and sweat.
About percent of ingested strontium remains in the body after 30 days, and this decreases to about 4 percent after 1 year.
Volume of distribution
The distribution of absorbed strontium in the human body is similar to that of calcium, with about 99% of total amount in the body being distributed in the skeleton.
Protein binding
A protein binding of 30-40% has been documented for strontium chloride.
Metabolism
Strontium can bind to proteins and, based on its similarity to calcium, probably forms complexes with various inorganic anions, such as carbonate and phosphate, and carboxylic acids, such as citrate and lactate.
Strontium can also interact with ligands that normally bind calcium, like hypoxyapatite, the main component of mineralized bone, and a variety of calcium-binding and calcium transport proteins that are important in the physiological disposition of calcium in cells, including Ca2+ adenosine triphosphatases, Na+Ca+ antiport], and Ca2+ channels.
Route of elimination
Once strontium is absorbed into the blood, most of it ends up in bone; with the remainder going to soft tissues or being excreted in urine, feces, and sweat.
Half-life
Readily accessible information about the half-life of strontium calcium used in toothpastes is not available.
Clearance
Despite being the major route of excretion of absorbed strontium, urinary excretion of absorbed strontium is observed to be slow.
Product description
Innovating Science's reagent-grade 6-hydrate strontium chloride comes in a 500g bottle.
Often used as a precursor to other strontium chemicals, and as a flame colorant, this makes the chemical a perfect fit in any educational or research lab dealing with inorganic chemistry or physical chemistry.
Each bottle has safe handling and storage procedures printed directly on the bottle.
This is a high quality chemical product manufactured in the United States.
For Laboratory Use Only.
Not for drug, food or household use. Keep out of reach of children.
For more information, refer to the Safety Data Sheet.
Bone Pain
Adjuvants for bone pain include NSAIDs, corticosteroids, bisphosphonates, receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand inhibitors (e.g., denosumab), and the radiopharmaceuticals strontium chloride (89Sr) and samarium153-lexidronan.
Multiple studies have demonstrated the efficacy of bisphosphonates in reducing skeletal complications and pain from bone metastases.
Pamidronate and zoledronate are recommended for patients with multiple myeloma and other hematologic malignancies with painful bone lesions.
Calcium and sometimes vitamin D supplementation (especially for denosumab) are often needed.
Also, the long-term use of bisphosphonates is associated with a small but meaningful risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw.
The limitations of radiopharmaceuticals include cost and cytopenias.
Given the limited evidence available, a recent Cochrane review did not support the use of calcitonin for control of pain from bone metastases.
Strontium chloride means of an in vivo isotope technique, the so-called disappearance measurements, the percutaneous absorption of strontium chloride in six different concentrations (0.00013 to 0.753 M) was studied in the guinea pig.
Strontium chloride was found that the relative absorption was about the same (2.5% to 3.1% during a five-hour period) in the concentration interval 0.008 to 0.398 M, with the maximum at 0.080 M.
The absolute absorption increased with increasing concentration.
A summary comparison showed that the absorption of strontium chloride was of the same order of magnitude as that observed for metal compounds previously studied.
The rapid absorption of strontium compounds reported in the literature could not be verified.
Biological Activity for Strontium chloride
Strontium chloride is a calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) agonist.
Activates ERK1/2 signaling, intracellular calcium mobilization, and calcitonin secretion.
Enhances osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
Empirical formula SrCl2 · 6 H2O
Molar mass (M) 266,62 g/mol
Density (D) 1,93 g/cm³
Boiling point (bp) 1250 °C
Melting point (mp) 61 °C
WGK 1
CAS No. [10025-70-4]
EG-Nr. 233-971-6
Product name
Strontium chloride, calcium sensing receptor agonist
Description
Robust calcium sensing receptor agonist
Alternative names
Strontium chloride (6CI,8CI)
Strontium Dicholoride
CAS Number
10476-85-4
Strontium chloride monograph for Strontium Chloride Hexahydrate provides, in addition to common physical constants, a general description including typical appearance, applications, change in state (approximate), and aqueous solubility.
The monograph also details the following specifications and corresponding tests for verifying that a substance meets ACS Reagent Grade specifications including: Assay, pH of a 5% Solution at 25.0 °C, Insoluble Matter, Sulfate, Barium, Calcium, Magnesium, Heavy Metals, and Iron.
Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chloride.
Strontium chloride is a typical salt, forming neutral aqueous solutions.
Like all compounds of Sr, this salt emits a bright red colour in a flame; in fact it is used as a source of redness in fireworks.
Strontium chloride chemical properties are intermediate between those for barium chloride, which is more toxic, and calcium chloride.
General description
Strontium chloride hexahydrate (SrCl2·6H2O) is a hydrated alkaline earth metal chloride.
On γ-irradiation at 77°K, it affords a radical having e.s.r. parameters resembling with HO2.
Strontium chloride chlorine electric field gradient (EFG) and chemical shift (CS) tensors have been evaluated by employing solid-state 35/37Cl NMR spectroscopy.
Application
The product was used as a source of Sr2+ ions, to evaluate the working of a Flow Electrolysis Cell used in Rapid Ion Transfer (FECRIT) electrochemical solvent extraction method.
Supernatant solutions of SrCl2 may also be used as supplier of Sr to prepare fibrous strontium substituted hydroxyapatite, a potential reinforcement for biocomposites.
Packaging
5, 25 g in ampule
Strontium compounds are candidate molecules for the usage in the field of medicine.
Strontium ranelate increases bone formation and decreases bone resorption, and can be used in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Other strontium compounds have also positive effects on bone formation, and dental resorption.
Additionally, there are some studies, suggesting that strontium salts can prevent the development of skin irritation.
We know that strontium chloride (SrCl2. 6H2O) prevents sensorial irritation and may be used in the treatment of irritation according to a human study.
The aim of the present study was to determine the cytotoxic and/or proliferative effects of strontium chloride on fibroblast cell culture.
Strontium chloride hexahydrate (SrCl2 6H2O) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (255521) and its 20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.6%, and 0.3% (w/v) concentrations were prepared in a culture medium.
The proliferation assay analyzes the number of viable cells by the cleavage of tetrazolium salts added to the culture medium, using the XTT labeling reagent (Roche, Mannheim, Germany).
During the assay, tetrazolium salts are cleaved to formazan by cellular enzymes.
An expansion in the number of viable cells results in an increase in the overall activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenases in the sample.
This augmentation in enzyme activity leads to an increase in the amount of formazan dye formed, which correlates directly with the number of metabolically active cells in the culture.
The formazan dye produced by the metabolically active cells was quantified by a scanning multiwell spectrophotometer by measuring the absorbance of the dye solution at 450nm.
Cells were seeded in 96-well microtitre plates at a concentration of 1×105 cells/ml in a final volume of 100μl per well.
Strontium chloride cytotoxicity was tested using 20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.6%, and 0.3% (w/v) concentrations.
Cells were then incubated for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h with strontium chloride in a humidified atmosphere (37°C, 5% CO2).
After this, 10μl of the XTT labeling reagent were added to 10μl of the culture medium in each well, and the absorbance of the samples was measured at 450nm against the control (the same cells without any treatment) using a
micro titre plate reader (Thermo Scientific Microplate Photometer, Multiskan FC, USA).
The same volume of the culture medium and XTT labeling reagent (10μl of XTT labeling reagent /100μl of the culture medium) was added to one well to use as a background control (absorbance of culture medium plus XTT in the absence of cells) as a blank position for the ELISA reader.
The absorbance was measured after 2 h from the start of the tetrazolium reaction. The experiments were conducted in six replicates.
The optical density (OD) of the samples was compared with that of the negative control to obtain the percentage viability, as follows: cell viability (%)=[(OD450 (sample)/OD450 (negative control))×100].
Cytotoxicity of strontium chloride was tested for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h by quantitative analysis using the XTT test.
Since strontium chloride at high concentrations, 20%, 10%, and 5%, came out of the solution, these solutions were eliminated.
Strontium chloride cytotoxicity value of strontium chloride for all concentrations (w/v) was compared with that of the control, and cytotoxicity levels were not higher than those of the controls (p>0.05).
Strontium chloride level of viable cell was higher at 1.25% (w/v) than 2.5% (w/v).
Abstract
Presents the results of a theoretical survey of defect energetics in SrCl2.
The authors' calculations of anion Frenkel and anion vacancy activation energies accord well with experiment.
Apparent discrepancies for the case of interstitial migration suggest that the mechanism for the migration of these defects differs from that normally operating in the fluorite-structured crystals.
The authors detailed study of the monovalent doped crystals shows that the equilibrium between substitutional and interstitial modes of compensation has an important effect on the conductivity of these crystals.
Product Name: Strontium Chloride
Formula: SrCl2 ⋅ 6H2O
CAS Number: 10025-70-4
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS
Hazardous Component: Strontium Chloride
Percent (%): 0-100
OSHA/PEL:N/E
ACGIH/TLV: N/E
HMIS Ratings:
Health:1
Flammability:0
Reactivity:1
PHYSICAL DATA
Boiling Point: N/E
Melting Point:115 oC
Specific Gravity:1.93 g/cc
Solubility in H2O: Soluble
Appearance and Odor: White crystalline solid, no odor.
FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS DATA
Flash Point: N/A
Autoignition Temperature: N/E
Flammable Limits: Lower: N/E Upper: N/E
Extinguishing Media: Use suitable extinguishing media for surrounding material and type of fire.
Special Firefighting Procedures: Firefighters must wear full face, self-contained breathing apparatus with full protective clothing to prevent contact with skin and eyes.
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards: May emit toxic metal oxide fumes and/or hydrogen chloride fumes.
HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Effects of Exposure:
To the best of our knowledge the chemical, physical and toxicological properties of strontium chloride have not been thoroughly investigated and recorded.
Strontium compounds have a low order of toxicity.
Strontium chloride is chemically and biologically similar to calcium.
The oxides and hydroxides are moderately caustic materials (Sax, Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, eighth edition).
Acute and Chronic Effects:
Inhalation: May cause irritation to the respiratory tract.
Ingestion: Moderately toxic by ingestion.
Large doses may cause gastrointestinal disturbances.
Skin: May cause irritation.
Eye: May cause irritation.
Target Organs: May affect the respiratory system, skin and eyes.
Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure: Pre-existing respiratory disorders.
Carcinogenicity: NTP: No IARC: No OSHA: No
EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES: Remove from exposure.
INHALATION: Remove victim to fresh air, keep warm and quiet, give oxygen if breathing is difficult and seek medical attention.
INGESTION: Give 1-2 glasses of milk or water and induce vomiting, seek medical attention.
Never induce vomiting or give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
SKIN: Remove contaminated clothing, brush material off skin, wash affected area with mild soap and water.
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
EYES: Flush with lukewarm water, lifting upper and lower eyelids, for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stability: Stable
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture
Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid): Oxidizing agents, acids and acid fumes.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Strontium oxide, hydrogen chloride.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
SPILL OR LEAK PROCEDURES
Steps to Be Taken in Case Material Is Released or Spilled: Wear appropriate respiratory and protective equipment specified in section VIII.
Isolate spill area and provide ventilation.
Vacuum up spill using a high efficiency particulate absolute (HEPA) air filter and place in a closed container for proper disposal.
Take care not to raise dust.
Waste Disposal Method: Dispose of in accordance with applicable Federal, State and Local regulations.
SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION
Respiratory Protection: Wear NIOSH-approved respirator for ordinary use.
Ventilation: Handle in an inert atmosphere in a controlled environment.
Use local exhaust to maintain concentration below exposure levels.
General exhaust is not recommended.
Eye Protection: OSHA approved safety goggles
Protective Gloves: Impervious gloves
Other Protective Clothing or Equipment: Lab coat and apron, flame and chemical resistant coveralls.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
Precautions to Be Taken in Handling and Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry place.
Wash hands and face throughly after handling and before meals.
Work Practices: Implement engineering and work practice controls to reduce and maintain concentration of exposure at low levels.
Use good housekeeping and sanitation practices.
Do not use tobacco or food in work area.
Wash thoroughly before eating and smoking.
Do not blow dust off clothing or skin with compressed air.
Maintain eyewash capable of sustained flushing, safety drench shower and facilities for washing.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects.
When strontium chloride Sr 89 is used at recommended doses, side effects usually are rare.
However, blood problems, such as a decrease in the number of white blood cells or platelets, may occur in some patients.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Rare
Black, tarry stools
blood in urine or stools
cough or hoarseness
fever or chills
lower back or side pain
painful or difficult urination
pinpoint red spots on skin
unusual bleeding or bruising
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention.
These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine.
Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects.
Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common Flushing increase in bone pain
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients.
If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chloride.
Strontium chloride is a typical salt, forming neutral aqueous solutions.
Like all compounds of Sr, this salt emits a bright red colour in a flame; in fact it is used as a source of redness in fireworks.
Strontium chloride chemical properties are intermediate between those for barium chloride, which is more toxic, and calcium chloride.
Strontium chloride is the precursor to other compounds of strontium, such as yellow strontium chromate, strontium carbonate, and strontium sulfate. Exposure of strontium chloride to the sodium salt of the desired anion (or alternately carbon dioxide gas to form the carbonate) leads to precipitation of the salt
Strontium chloride is often used as a red colouring agent in pyrotechnics.
Strontium chloride imparts a much more intense red colour to the flames than most other alternatives.
Strontium chloride is employed in small quantities in glass-making and metallurgy.
The radioactive isotope strontium-89, used for the treatment of bone cancer, is usually administered in the form of strontium chloride.
Sea water aquaria require small amounts of strontium chloride, which is consumed in the production of the exoskeletons of certain plankton.
Dental care
SrCl2 is useful in reducing tooth sensitivity by forming a barrier over microscopic tubules in the dentin containing nerve endings that have become exposed by gum recession.
Known in the U.S. as Elecol and Sensodyne, these products are called "strontium chloride toothpastes", although most now use potassium nitrate instead which works as a nerve calming agent rather than a barrier.
Biological research
Brief strontium chloride exposure induces parthenogenetic activation of oocytes which is used in developmental biological research.
Ammonium storage
A commercial company is using a strontium chloride-based artificial solid called AdAmmine as a means to store ammonium at low pressure, mainly for use in NOx emission reduction on Diesel vehicles.
They claim that their patented material can also be made from some other salts, but they have chosen strontium chloride for mass production.
Earlier company research also considered using the stored ammonium as a means to store synthetic Ammonium fuel under the trademark HydrAmmine and the press name "hydrogen tablet", however, this aspect has not been commercialized.
Their processes and materials are patented.
Their early experiments used magnesium chloride, and is also mentioned in that article.
Two new media, strontium chloride and strontium selenite broths, are described for the enrichment culture of Salmonella from human and animal material.
In comparative trials, strontium chloride was found to be comparable to Rappaport medium for the recovery of a wide range of Salmonella serotypes from human faeces and sewage, and from pig faeces and glands. Both were superior to selenite F medium.
Strontium selenite was found to be superior to selenite F in the recovery of S. typhi from human faeces and sewage.
We are greatly indebted to Mr M. H. Lello for preparing the samples of strontium selenite used in the investigation and for allowing us to publish the notes on his method of preparing the substance.
Our thanks are due to Pro. C. T. Huang of Hong Kong for sending samples of faeces from typhoid cases under his care; and to Dr Joan Taylor for her continuing help in confirming or identifying the serotypes of salmonella isolated.
Application Notes
Strontium chloride hexahydrate is used in the synthesis of cadmium sulfide core photocatalytic nanoparticles.
Usage Statement
Unless specified otherwise, MP Biomedical's products are for research or further manufacturing use only, not for direct human use.
For more information, please contact our customer service department.
Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chlorine.
Strontium chloride is ionic and water-soluble.
Strontium chloride is less toxic than barium chloride, though more toxic than calcium chloride.
Strontium chloride emits a bright red colour when heated in a flame.
Strontium is a silvery metal found naturally as a non-radioactive element.
About 99% of the strontium in the human body is concentrated in the bones.
Several different forms of strontium are used as medicine.
Scientists are testing strontium ranelate to see if it can be taken by mouth to treat thinning bones (osteoporosis) and arthritis.
Radioactive strontium-89 is given intravenously (by IV) for prostate cancer and advanced bone cancer.
Strontium chloride hexahydrate is added to toothpaste to reduce pain in sensitive teeth.
Strontium chloride is the most common form of strontium found in dietary supplements. People use supplements for building bones.
But there isn't much scientific information about the safety or effectiveness of strontium chloride when taken by mouth.
How does it work ?
A special form of strontium called strontium ranelate can increase bone formation and prevent bone loss when used in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Strontium chloride not known if strontium contained in dietary supplements has these effects.
A radioactive form of strontium may kill some cancer cells.
This type of strontium is not available in dietary supplements.
There is some interest in using strontium for osteoarthritis because developing research suggests it might boost the formation of collagen and cartilage in joints.
There is also interest in studying strontium for preventing tooth decay because researchers have noticed fewer dental caries in some population groups who drink public water that contains relatively high levels of strontium.
Strontium chloride is described as a salt of strontium and chloride. Strontium chloride formula is given as SrCl2.
Strontium chloride is defined as a typical strontium chloride salt by forming neutral aqueous solutions.
Similar to all the compounds of Sr, this salt also emits a bright red colour in a flame; and, in fact, it can be used as a source of redness in preparing fireworks.
The chemical properties of this compound are intermediate between those for barium chloride, which is much toxic, and calcium chloride.
Structure of Strontium Chloride
The crystalline solid of strontium chloride adopts fluorite like structure.
In the vapour phase, the SrCl2 molecule is represented as a non-linear having the Cl-Sr-Cl angle of approximately 130°.
This is considered as an exception to the VSEPR theory, which predicts a linear structure.
Also, the Ab initio calculations have been cited for proposing that contributions from the d orbitals present in the shell below the valence shell are completely responsible.
Another proposal is that the electron core polarisation of the strontium atom causes a sort of distortion of the core electron density that directly interacts with the Sr-Cl bonds.
Chemical Properties of Strontium Chloride – SrCl2
Strontium chloride compound reacts with fluorine gas resulting in the formation of chlorine gas and strontium fluoride.
SrCl2 (aq) + 2HF (gas) → SrF2 (solid) + Cl2 (gas)
Strontium chloride also reacts with sulfuric acid by forming hydrogen chloride and strontium hydrogen sulphate.
SrCl2 + 2H2SO4 → Sr(HSO4)2 + 2HCl
Preparation of Strontium Chloride
Strontium chloride is prepared by treating either strontium carbonate or aqueous strontium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.
The chemical reaction for this can be given as follows:
Sr(OH)2 + 2 HCl → SrCl2 + 2 H2O
Crystallization from the cold aqueous solution produces the hexahydrate, SrCl2·6H2O. Dehydration of this salt takes place in stages, commencing above 61 °C (otherwise 142 °F).
Full dehydration takes place at 320 °C (otherwise 608 °F).
Uses of Strontium Chloride
Strontium chloride is defined as the precursor to the other strontium compounds, such as strontium carbonate, strontium sulfate, and yellow strontium chromate.
Also, the exposure of strontium chloride to the sodium salt of the desired anion (alternately called carbon dioxide gas to produce carbonate) leads to the precipitation of salt.
The chemical reactions are given below:
SrCl2 + Na2CO3 → SrCO3 + 2 NaCl
SrCl2 + Na2CrO4 → SrCrO4 + 2 NaCl
SrCl2 + Na2SO4 → SrSO4 + 2 NaCl
SrCl2 + H2O + CO2 → SrCO3 + 2 HCl
Often, strontium chloride can be used as a red colouring agent in pyrotechnics.
Strontium chloride also imparts a more intense red colour to the flames compared to most of the other alternatives.
Strontium chloride can be employed in very small quantities, metallurgy and glass-making.
The radioactive isotope, which is strontium-89, can be used for bone cancer treatment and is usually administered in the strontium chloride form.
And, seawater aquaria need small amounts of strontium chloride, which can be consumed during the growth of particular plankton.
Applications of Strontium Chloride
Biological Research
Brief exposure of strontium chloride induces the parthenogenetic activation of the oocytes, which can be used in developmental biological research.
Dental Care
SrCl2 can also be useful in reducing the tooth sensitivity by producing a barrier over the microscopic tubules in the dentin that contain nerve endings which have become exposed by the recession of gum.
Strontium chloride the U.S., it is known as Sensodyne and Elecol, and these products are known as "strontium chloride "tubes of toothpaste, although, at present, most use saltpetre (KNO3) instead which works as an analgesic rather than the barrier.
Ammonium Storage
A strontium chloride-based artificial solid is used by a commercial company, called AdAmmine as a means to store the ammonium compound at low pressure, primarily for use in NOx emission reduction on vehicles, that runs by Diesel.
They also claim that their patented material is made from a few other salts, but they have chosen this strontium chloride compound for mass production.
Also, the earlier company research considered the stored ammonium as a means to store the synthetic Ammonium fuel compound under the trademark of HydrAmmine and the press name as "hydrogen tablet."
However, this particular aspect has not been commercialized.
Their materials and processes are patented. And, their early experiments are achieved using magnesium chloride.
Side Effects of Strontium Chloride
Strontium is a silvery metal, which is naturally found as a non-radioactive element.
Up to 99 per cent of the strontium present in the human body is concentrated in the bones.
Different forms of strontium metal can be used as medicine.
Also, scientists are testing this strontium ranelate metal to see if Strontium chloride can intake through the mouth to treat thinning bones (otherwise osteoporosis) and arthritis.
The incorporation of strontium chloride to brushite cement was successful to introduce strontium ions within the lattice of brushite crystals.
The effect of strontium ions on brushite cement properties was concentration dependent; such that, the addition of 5% and 10% (w/w) SrCl2 significantly increased the cement FST and the addition of 10% SrCl2 decreased the cement tensile strength.
Further, cement weight loss was shown to be increased by cement modification with SrCl2.
The combination of ionic substitution and the degradability of brushite cements would constitute a system for the local delivery of strontium ions in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Pityriasis capitis simplex (Dandruff) is one of the most common scalp disorders with poor quality of life and pityriasic desquamation and pruritus on scalp.
The main treatment options are antifungal agents and topical steroids.
The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and symptomatic efficacy of strontium chloride hexahydrate 5% + licorice 1% combination (Storice®) with mometasone furoate 0.1%, a topical corticosteroid, in cases of pityriasis capitis simplex.
80 patients with a diagnodis of pityriasis capitis simplex were enrolled. 40 patients (20 males (50%), 20 females (50%)) were included in the mometasone furoate 0.1% group, and the remaining 40 patients (19 males (47.5%), 21 females (52.5%)) were included in the group of topical treatment agent (Storice®) consisting of strontium chloride hexahydrate 5% + licorice 1% combination.
The clinical and symptomatic efficacy (pruritus and desquamation on scalp and life quality) of both agents were evaluated.
Strontium chloride hexahydrate 5% + licorice 1% significantly reduces pruritus and improves quality of life by reducing clinical symptoms.
