T-BUTYLAMINOETHANOL (TBAE)

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is a colorless solid, which melts near room temperature and has a camphor-like odor.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is typically a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a mild amine-like odor and good miscibility in water and many organic solvents.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is suitable for use as an indicator molecule in the study of NMR-based pH determination method, free of glass electrode errors in highly basic media.

CAS number: 102-79-4
EC number: 203-052-4
Chemical Formula: C6H15NO
Molecular Weight: 117.19 g/mol

Synonyms: 2-(tert-Butylamino)ethanol, 4620-70-6, tert-Butylaminoethanol, Ethanol, 2-[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]-, 2-((1,1-Dimethylethyl)amino)ethanol, DTXSID1044431, Ethanol, 2-((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)-, NSC-78430, 72174ZJW10, DTXCID9024431, RefChem:84885, 225-034-5, N-tert-Butylethanolamine, 2-(Tert-Butylamino)Ethan-1-Ol, Ethanol, 2-(tert-butylamino)-, N-t-Butylethanolamine, MFCD00002837, 2-tert-butylaminoethanol, NSC 78430, 2-(t-butylamino)ethanol, .beta.-tert-Butylaminoethanol, EINECS 225-034-5, AI3-28035, UNII-72174ZJW10, N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-tert-butylamine, tert-Butylethanolamine, 2-tert-butylamino-ethanol, 2-(tert-butylamino)-ethanol, 2-(N-tert-butylamino)ethanol, SCHEMBL132161, SCHEMBL604168, SCHEMBL1995558, SCHEMBL4554449, SCHEMBL8745702, CHEMBL3188116, SCHEMBL19462727, Ethanol,1-dimethylethyl)amino]-, 2-(tert-Butylamino)ethanol, 99%, 2-[(tert-butyl)amino]ethan-1-ol, NSC78430, STR06693, Tox21_302058, SBB007658, AKOS000258631, SB83839, NCGC00255795-01, SY051532, CAS-4620-70-6, DB-080929, CS-0214733, NS00021164, E85240, EN300-188898, F116000, Q27266003

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is an alkanolamine compound containing both an amine group and a hydroxyl group, giving it bifunctional chemical reactivity.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is typically a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a mild amine-like odor and good miscibility in water and many organic solvents.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) combines the properties of tertiary amines and alcohols, making it useful as a neutralizing agent, intermediate, and pH adjuster in various formulations.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) exhibits both basicity and hydrogen-bonding capability, which contributes to its solubility and reactivity in aqueous and solvent-based systems.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is widely used in coatings, metalworking fluids, personal care formulations, and chemical synthesis.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) plays a role in corrosion inhibition, emulsification, and stabilization of formulations due to its amphiphilic structure.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is the simplest tertiary alcohol, with a formula of (CH3)3COH (sometimes represented as t-BuOH).
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE)'s isomers are 1-butanol, isobutanol, and 2-butanol.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is a colorless solid, which melts near room temperature and has a camphor-like odor.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is miscible with water, ethanol and diethyl ether.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is available as a white solid with an ammoniacal odor.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is a useful intermediate and niche neutralizing agent.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is an aliphatic primary amine.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE)'s enthalpy of combustion and formation has been studied.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE)'s gas phase acidity and gas phase basicity has been evaluated.
The ozonation of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) has been reported.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE)'s influence on the aqueous beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD): pyrene complex has been examined by steady-state fluorescence measurements.

Applications of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is used as a solvent, ethanol denaturant, paint remover ingredient, and gasoline octane booster and oxygenate.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is a chemical intermediate used to produce methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) by reaction with methanol and ethanol, respectively, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) by reaction with hydrogen peroxide.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is suitable for use as an indicator molecule in the study of NMR-based pH determination method, free of glass electrode errors in highly basic media.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is suitable for use in the synthesis of methyl β-ketophosphonate, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and samarium oxide (Sm2O3) nanospheres and nanorods.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) may be used in the following studies:
As liquid hydrocarbon promoter in the systematic study on methane hydrate formation and dissociation.
As an example in the study of the effect of amines in influencing atmospheric H2SO4-H2O nucleation.

Hydroamination of terminal alkynes.
To measure the surface acidity of solid catalysts by temperature-programmed desorption.

As a reductive nitrogen source in the atomic layer deposition technique used to deposit TaN thin films from TaCl5 and TaBr5.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) may be used in the synthesis of Zn2-SnO4 nanoparticles.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) may be used to terminate the polymerization reaction during the synthesis of the following polymers (DAB =1,4-diaminobutane, BA=Boronic acid, PAA=functional poly(amido amine), ABOL=4-aminobutanol, Bn=Benzyl):
(DAB-BA-PAA)
(ABOL-BA-PAA)
(DAB-Bn-PAA)

Uses of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is used in the catalytic carbonylation of aliphatic amines to beta-lactams.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is widely used in coatings and paints as a neutralizing agent to control pH and improve dispersion stability of pigments and resins.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is applied in metalworking fluids as a corrosion inhibitor and pH stabilizer, helping to protect metal surfaces and extend fluid life.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is utilized in personal care and cosmetic formulations as a pH adjuster and emulsifying aid, contributing to product stability and texture.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is used in water treatment formulations to control alkalinity and assist in corrosion prevention in industrial systems.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is employed as an intermediate in chemical synthesis for producing surfactants, additives, and specialty chemicals.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is incorporated into cleaning products and detergents to enhance alkalinity, grease removal, and formulation stability.

Natural Occurrence of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) has been identified in beer and chickpeas.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is also found in cassava which is used as a fermentation ingredient in certain alcoholic beverages.

Preparation of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is derived commercially from isobutane as a coproduct of propylene oxide production.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) can also be produced by the catalytic hydration of isobutylene, or by a Grignard reaction between acetone and methylmagnesium chloride.

Purification cannot be performed by simple distillation due to formation of an azeotrope with water, although initial drying of the solvent containing large amounts of water is performed by adding benzene to form a tertiary azeotrope and distilling off the water.
Smaller amounts of water are removed by drying with calcium oxide (CaO), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), calcium sulfate (CaSO4), or magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), followed by fractional distillation.

Anhydrous T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is obtained by further refluxing and distilling from magnesium activated with iodine, or alkali metals such as sodium or potassium.
Other methods include the use of 4 Å molecular sieves, aluminium tert-butylate, calcium hydride (CaH2), or fractional crystallization under inert atmosphere.

Reactions of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
Unlike other isomers of butanol, T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE), as a tertiary alcohol, has no hydrogen atom next to hydroxy-group, which makes it resistant to oxidation to carbonyl compounds.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is deprotonated with a strong base to give the alkoxide.
Particularly common is potassium T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE), which is prepared by treating tert-butanol with potassium metal.

2 K + 2 (CH3)3COH → 2 (CH3)3CO−K+ + H2

The T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) is a strong, non-nucleophilic base in organic chemistry.
T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) readily abstracts acidic protons from substrates, but its steric bulk inhibits the group from participating in nucleophilic substitution, such as in a Williamson ether synthesis or an SN2 reaction.

T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) reacts with hydrogen chloride to form tert-butyl chloride.

O-Chlorination of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE) with hypochlorous acid to give tert-butyl hypochlorite:
(CH3)3COH + HOCl → (CH3)3COCl + H2O

Stability and Reactivity of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):

Chemical stability:
Stable under normal temperature and storage conditions.

Reactivity:
Basic compound.
Reacts with acids forming salts.

Conditions to avoid:
Excessive heat.
Open flames.
Prolonged exposure to air.

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents.
Strong acids.

Hazardous decomposition products:
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) may form.
Carbon monoxide (CO) may be generated.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) may be released.

Handling and Storage of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):

Handling:
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Avoid inhalation of vapors.
Use proper ventilation.

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep container tightly closed.
Protect from heat and ignition sources.

First Aid Measures of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):

Inhalation:
Move to fresh air.
Seek medical attention if irritation or symptoms persist.

Skin contact:
Wash immediately with soap and water.

Eye contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Seek medical attention if irritation continues.

Ingestion:
Rinse mouth.
Do not induce vomiting.
Seek medical advice immediately.

Firefighting Measures of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):

Suitable extinguishing media:
Alcohol-resistant foam.
Dry chemical.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Water spray.

Hazards:
Combustible liquid.
Burning may produce toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides.

Protective equipment:
Use self-contained breathing apparatus.
Wear full protective clothing.

Accidental Release Measures of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):

Personal precautions:
Avoid contact and inhalation.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Ensure adequate ventilation.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent release into drains and waterways.

Methods for cleaning up:
Absorb with inert material such as sand or earth.
Collect in suitable containers for disposal.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protection of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):

Engineering controls:
Provide adequate ventilation.
Use local exhaust systems if necessary.

Respiratory protection:
Use appropriate respirator if vapor or mist is present.

Hand protection:
Wear chemical-resistant gloves.

Eye protection:
Use safety goggles or face shield.

Skin protection:
Wear protective clothing.
Avoid prolonged exposure.

Identifiers of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
Chemical formula: C₆H₁₅NO
Molecular weight: 117.19 g/mol
CAS number: 102-79-4
EC number: 203-052-4
Chemical family: Amino alcohol (alkanolamine)
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Amine-like odor

Linear Formula: (CH3)3CNH2
CAS Number: 75-64-9
Molecular Weight: 73.14
UNSPSC Code: 12352100
NACRES: NA.22
PubChem Substance ID: 24864378
EC Number: 200-888-1
Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 605267
MDL number: MFCD00008050
Assay: ≥99.5%
Form: liquid

CAS Number: 75-65-0
Beilstein Reference: 906698
ChEBI: CHEBI:45895
ChEMBL: ChEMBL16502
ChemSpider: 6146
DrugBank: DB03900
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.809
EC Number: 200-889-7
Gmelin Reference: 1833
MeSH: tert-Butyl+Alcohol
PubChem CID: 6386
RTECS number: EO1925000
UNII: MD83SFE959
UN number: 1120
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID8020204
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-4(2,3)5/h5H,1-3H3
Key: DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: CC(C)(C)O

CAS No.: 4620-70-6
Chemical Name: T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE)
CBNumber: CB3189254
Molecular Formula: C6H15NO
Molecular Weight: 117.19
MDL Number: MFCD00002837

Properties of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
Physical state: Liquid
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Amine-like odor
Molecular formula: C₆H₁₅NO
Molecular weight: 117.19 g/mol
Density: ~0.89–0.92 g/cm³ (at 20 °C)
Boiling point: ~170–175 °C
Melting point: Not well defined (liquid at room temperature)

vapor density: 2.5 (vs air)
Quality Level: 300
vapor pressure: 5.7 psi ( 20 °C)
assay: ≥99.5%
form: liquid
autoignition temp.: 716 °F
expl. lim.: 9.8 %
refractive index: n20/D 1.377 (lit.)
bp: 46 °C (lit.)
mp: −67 °C (lit.)
density: 0.696 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
functional group: amine
SMILES string: CC(C)(C)N
InChI: 1S/C4H11N/c1-4(2,3)5/h5H2,1-3H3
InChI key: YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Melting point: 41-43 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 90-92 °C25 mm Hg(lit.)
density: 0.867 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 4 (vs air)
refractive index: 1.4444 (estimate)
Fp: 156 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
form: low melting solid
pka: 14.81±0.10(Predicted)
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H15NO/c1-6(2,3)7-4-5-8/h7-8H,4-5H2,1-3H3
InChIKey: IUXYVKZUDNLISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C(O)CNC(C)(C)C

Chemical formula: (CH3)3COH
Molar mass: 74.123 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless solid
Odor: Camphorous
Density: 0.775 g/mL
Melting point: 25 to 26 °C; 77 to 79 °F; 298 to 299 K
Boiling point: 82 to 83 °C; 179 to 181 °F; 355 to 356 K
Solubility in water: miscible
Solubility: Miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether
log P: 0.584
Vapor pressure: 4.1 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 16.54
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): 5.742×10−5 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.387
Dipole moment: 1.31 D

Melting point: 41-43 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 90-92 °C25 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.867 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 4 (vs air)
refractive index: 1.4444 (estimate)
Flash point: 156 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
pka: 14.81±0.10(Predicted)
form: low melting solid
Appearance: Colorless to off-white <44°C Solid,>44°C Liquid
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H15NO/c1-6(2,3)7-4-5-8/h7-8H,4-5H2,1-3H3
InChIKey: IUXYVKZUDNLISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C(O)CNC(C)(C)C

Thermochemistry of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
Heat capacity (C): 215.37 J/(K·mol)
Std molar entropy (S⦵298): 189.5 J/(K·mol)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −360.04 to −358.36 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): −2.64479 to −2.64321 MJ/mol

Related compounds of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):
2-Methyl-2-butanol
Trimethylsilanol
Nonafluoro-T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE)

Related butanols:: 
2-Butanol
n-Butanol
Isobutanol

Names of T-Butylaminoethanol (TBAE):

Preferred IUPAC name:
2-Methylpropan-2-ol

Other names:
t-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butanol
t-Butanol
t-BuOH
Trimethyl carbinol
Tertiary butanol
2-Methyl-2-propanol
2M2P