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TETRAOXOCHROMIC ACID

Tetraoxochromic acid is an inorganic acid composed of the elements chromium, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a dark, purplish red, odorless, sand-like solid powder.
When dissolved in water, Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong acid.

CAS Number: 7738-94-5
EC Number: 231-801-5
Chemical Formula: H2CrO4
Molecular Weight: 118.010 g/mol

Synonyms: CHROMIC ACID, Chromic(VI) acid, 7738-94-5, dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium, Acide chromique, Caswell No. 221, Chromic acid (H2CrO4), tetraoxochromic acid, CCRIS 8994, HSDB 6769, UNII-SA8VOV0V7Q, SA8VOV0V7Q, EINECS 231-801-5, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 021101, AI3-51760, dihydroxidodioxidochromium, dihydrogen(tetraaoxidochromate), DTXSID8034455, CHEBI:33143, J34.508C, CHROMIUM HYDROXIDE OXIDE (CR(OH)2O2), (CrO2(OH)2), [CrO2(OH)2], Acide chromique [French], Chromium hydrogen oxide, Pesticide Code: 021101, DTXCID6014455, KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L, AMY22327, AKOS025243247, Q422642, Chromic acid [Wiki], 231-801-5 [EINECS], 7738-94-5 [RN], chromic acid (H2CrO4), Chromium, dihydroxydioxo- [ACD/Index Name], Dihydroxy(dioxo)chrom [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Dihydroxy(dioxo)chrome [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium [ACD/IUPAC Name], SA8VOV0V7Q, [CrO2(OH)2], 11115-74-5 [RN], 1333-82-0 [RN], 13530-68-2 [RN], 13765-19-0 [RN], 199384-58-2 [RN], 237391-94-5 [RN], 24934-60-9 [RN], 9044-10-4 [RN], Acide chromique [French], chromate [Wiki], Chromatite syn, CHROMIC ACID|DIOXOCHROMIUMDIOL, CHROMIC ANHYDRIDE, chromic(VI) acid, Chromium hydroxide oxide, Chromium trioxide [Wiki], dihydrogen(tetraaoxidochromate), dihydrogen(tetraaoxidochromate); dihydroxidodioxidochromium, dihydroxidodioxidochromium, dihydroxy-dioxochromium, dihydroxy-dioxo-chromium, Gelbin, H2CrO4, SOLID CHROMIC ACID, tetraoxochromic acid, UNII:SA8VOV0V7Q, UNII-SA8VOV0V7Q, Yellow ultramarine, 铬酸 [Chinese]

Tetraoxochromic acid is a very weak acid and Tetraoxochromic acid salts can be dissociated event by acetic acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid has a strong oxidising action and is itself reduced to CrO3; because of this, Tetraoxochromic acid should never be used in combination with alcohol or formalin.

There are 2 types of Tetraoxochromic acid: molecular Tetraoxochromic acid with the formula H2CrO4 and diTetraoxochromic acid with the formula H2Cr2O7.

The term Tetraoxochromic acid is usually used for a mixture made by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to a dichromate, which may contain a variety of compounds, including solid chromium trioxide.
This kind of Tetraoxochromic acid may be used as a cleaning mixture for glass.

Tetraoxochromic acid may also refer to the molecular species, H2CrO4 of which the trioxide is the anhydride.
Tetraoxochromic acid features chromium in an oxidation state of +6 (or VI).
Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong and corrosive oxidising agent and a moderate carcinogen.

Tetraoxochromic acid is formed when chromium trioxide reacts with water.
Chromium trioxide is crystalline, light red or brown in color and is deliquescent and fully soluble in water.

In a number of fixing fluids, however, Tetraoxochromic acid is used together with formalin–the reducing action being slow, the fixation is completed before the acid is fully reduced.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong precipitant of protein but Berg (1927) found Tetraoxochromic acid to be a very weak precipitant of nuclein.

The dissociation of Tetraoxochromic acid in water may result in H+ and HCrO4− or 2H+ and CrO4− ions.
According to Berg (1927), protein undergoes denaturation and precipitation by the primary action of Tetraoxochromic acid, and the secondary action results in hardening.

He holds that the ion HCrO4− is responsible for the secondary action.
Chemical reaction probably occurs between protein and Tetraoxochromic acid, but the exact steps are not precisely known.

However, the principal affinity of chromium is for the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups.
Green (1953) suggested that coordinates with –OH and –NH2 are formed after reaction with carboxyl groups.

Proteins, acted upon by Tetraoxochromic acid, are resistant to the action of pepsin and trypsin.
Tetraoxochromic acid penetrates the tissues slowly and the hardening induced by this acid makes the tissue resistant to hardening by ethanol in subsequent processing.
Tetraoxochromic acid does not cause excessive shrinkage of the tissue.

Materials fixed in this acid require thorough washing in water, at least overnight, otherwise the deposition of chromic crystals not only hinders staining but also hampers the observation of chromosomes.
Because of Tetraoxochromic acid slight hardening action Tetraoxochromic acid is difficult to use this fluid as a fixative for squash preparations, unless softened by some strong acid, which may hamper staining.

Tetraoxochromic acid should never be used alone, as then heavy precipitates are formed causing shrinkage of nucleus and cytoplasm.
Materials treated in Tetraoxochromic acid should not be kept in strong sunlight due to the chance of breakdown of proteins.
Basic dyes adhere closely to tissue fixed in Tetraoxochromic acid.

In general, Tetraoxochromic acid is considered an essential ingredient of several fixing mixtures.
Tetraoxochromic acid imparts a better consistency to the tissue and aids staining better than osmium tetroxide.

Synonymous with concentrated sulfuric acid, the term Tetraoxochromic acid refers to a mixture formed by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to a dichromate solution that contains a variety of compounds, including solid chromium trioxide.
Tetraoxochromic acid is possible to use this type of Tetraoxochromic acid to clean glass with a cleaning solution.

Tetraoxochromic acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H2CrO4 and is a compound compound.
Tetraoxo Tetraoxochromic acid, also known as Chromic(VI) acid, is another name for Tetraoxochromic acid.

This article discusses the structure, preparation, properties, and various applications of Tetraoxochromic acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid has a +6 (or VI) chromium oxidation state, which is also known as the hexavalent chromium oxidation state.

Chromium can exist in a number of different oxidation states, with +6 being the most extreme.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used to oxidise a wide range of organic compounds, the most common of which are alcohols.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a powerful oxidising agent that is effective against a wide range of organic compounds.
Using Tetraoxochromic acid as an oxidant, there are two basic principles that can be applied to any alcohol.

The oxidation of any alcohol containing approximately one alpha hydrogen occurs in the presence of Tetraoxochromic acid, which means that tertiary alcohols do not undergo oxidation in the presence of the acid.
The oxidation of any organic product formed, whose molecule contains at least one hydrogen atom bound to the carbonyl carbon, is further enhanced by Tetraoxochromic acid.

Tetraoxochromic acid is also called Chromic acid or Chromic(VI) acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid is usually a mixture made by adding concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) to a dichromate which consists of a variety of compounds and solid chromium trioxide.

The term Tetraoxochromic acid is generally used for a mixture made by the addition of concentrated sulfuric acid in a dichromate that may contain various compounds, including solid chromium trioxide.
This type of Tetraoxochromic acid can be used as a cleaning mixture for glass.

Tetraoxochromic acid can also be related to a molecular species, H2CrO4, which is the trioxide anhydride.
Tetraoxochromic acid contains chromium in the +6 (or VI) oxidation state.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong and corrosive oxidizing agent.

The anhydride of Tetraoxochromic acid is chromium trioxide (CrO3).
Therefore, when Tetraoxochromic acid is mentioned, CrO3 comes to mind.

Here chromium has (6+) valency.
Tetraoxochromic acid is an unstable compound and turns into di(bi) chromatic acid (H2Cr2O7) by reacting with itself.

Tetraoxochromic acid anhydride (CrO3) is a red-pink crystal and Tetraoxochromic acid specific gravity is between 2.67 and 2.82 g/cm3.
Tetraoxochromic acid melts at 197°C and slowly decomposes after melting.

Tetraoxochromic acid draws moisture from the air.
Tetraoxochromic acid is very soluble in water and organic solvents such as acetic acid, pyridine and ether.

Crude CrO3 is separated by precipitation from a mixture of saturated sulfate acid and saturated sodium bichromate.
This precipitate is purified by crystallization or melting.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong acid and is also a strong oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is highly destructive to plant and animal cells.
If Tetraoxochromic acid is brought into contact with an organic compound or by reduction, a serious explosion may occur.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a chromium oxoacid.
Tetraoxochromic acid has a role as an oxidising agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a conjugate acid of a hydrogenchromate.

Tetraoxochromic acid generally refers to a collection of compounds generated by the acidification of solutions containing chromate and dichromate anions or the dissolving of chromium trioxide in sulfuric acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid contains hexavalent chromium.

Hexavalent chromium refers to chromium in the +6 oxidation state, and is more toxic than other oxidation states of the chromium atom because of Tetraoxochromic acid greater ability to enter cells and a higher redox potential.
Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid, H2CrO4, has much in common with sulfuric acid, H2SO4 as both are classified as strong acids.

Tetraoxochromic acid was widely used in the instrument repair industry, due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to "brighten" raw brass.
A Tetraoxochromic acid dip leaves behind a bright yellow patina on the brass.

Due to growing health and environmental concerns, many have discontinued use of this chemical in their repair shops.
Most Tetraoxochromic acid sold or available as a 10% aqueous solution.

Also known as Tetraoxochromic or Chromic (VI) acid, Tetraoxochromic acid is a dark red purplish solid with Tetraoxochromic acid solution being corrosive to tissue and metals.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a naturally occurring oxide but can also be made by adding concentrated sulphuric acid to a dichromate which may contain a mixture of compounds such as the solid chromium trioxide.

Tetraoxochromic acid usually refers to a collection of compounds formed via the dissolution of Chromium Trioxide in Sulfuric Acid, or via the acidification of Chromate/Dichromate solutions.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a dark red, strongly corrosive liquid.

Since Tetraoxochromic acid contains chromium in Tetraoxochromic acid +6 oxidation state, Tetraoxochromic acid has strong oxidizing properties and a high redox potential.
Hence, Tetraoxochromic acid has been used as a cleaning reagent for lab glassware, textiles, and metals, and an oxidizing agent in organic chemistry reactions.

For a time, Tetraoxochromic acid was commonly used in musical instrument repair to brighten brass, and as a bleach in photograph development.
The properties that lend this compound to these applications also increase Tetraoxochromic acid toxicity due to Tetraoxochromic acid increased ability to enter cells, so some industries have phased in out in favor of alternatives.
Tetraoxochromic acid is generally available in relatively dilute solutions.

Tetraoxochromic acid solution is a type of acid that consists of a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid with dichromate and can contain many different compounds such as solid chromium trioxide.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a very good cleaner for windows.

Tetraoxochromic acid can also refer to the molecular species H2CrO4 where the trioxide is anhydride.

Tetraoxochromic acid contains chromium in the +6-valent oxidation state, which is a strong and corrosive oxidizing agent.
Since Tetraoxochromic acid is not a stable compound, Tetraoxochromic acid reacts with itself and turns into dichromatic acid.

Tetraoxochromic acid has a melting point of 197 degrees and due to Tetraoxochromic acid chemical properties, Tetraoxochromic acid absorbs moisture from the air and decomposes slowly when Tetraoxochromic acid melts.
Tetraoxochromic acid is very soluble in organic solvents such as Tetraoxochromic acid, pyridine, ether, acetic acid and water.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong acid solution that can also be used for oxidation.
Tetraoxochromic acid can be corrosive and harmful to living species such as animals and plants.
There is a possibility of creating a massive explosion if Tetraoxochromic acid comes into contact with an organic compound or through reduction.

Tetraoxochromic acid should be stored in a dry and cool environment.
Tetraoxochromic acid should be protected from heat and direct sunlight.

Due to growing health and environmental concerns, many have discontinued use of this chemical in their repair shops.
Most Tetraoxochromic acid sold or available as a 10% aqueous solution.

DiTetraoxochromic acid:
DiTetraoxochromic acid, H2Cr2O7 is the fully protonated form of the dichromate ion and also can be seen as Tetraoxochromic acid of adding chromium trioxide to molecular Tetraoxochromic acid.
DiTetraoxochromic acid will behave the same exact way when reacting with a primary or secondary alcohol.
The caveat to this statement is that a secondary alcohol will be oxidized no further than a ketone, whereas a primary alcohol will be oxidized to a aldehyde for the first step of the mechanism and then oxidized again to a carboxylic acid, contingent on no significant steric hindrance impeding this reaction.

DiTetraoxochromic acid undergoes the following reaction:
[Cr2O7]2− + 2H+ ⇌ H2Cr2O7 ⇌ H2CrO4 + CrO3

Tetraoxochromic acid is probably present in Tetraoxochromic acid cleaning mixtures along with the mixed chromosulfuric acid H2CrSO7.

Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid:
Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid, H2CrO4, has much in common with sulfuric acid, H2SO4.
Only sulfuric acid can be classified as part of the 7 strong acids list.

Due to the laws pertinent to the concept of "first order ionization energy", the first proton is lost most easily.
Tetraoxochromic acid behaves extremely similarly to sulfuric acid deprotonation.
Since the process of polyvalent acid-base titrations have more than one proton (especially when the acid is starting substance and the base is the titrant), protons can only leave an acid one at a time.

Hence the first step is as follows:
H2CrO4 ⇌ [HCrO4]− + H+

The pKa for the equilibrium is not well characterized.
Reported values vary between about −0.8 to 1.6.
The value at zero ionic strength is difficult to determine because half dissociation only occurs in very acidic solution, at about pH 0, that is, with an acid concentration of about 1 mol dm−3.

A further complication is that the ion [HCrO4]− has a marked tendency to dimerize, with the loss of a water molecule, to form the dichromate ion, [Cr2O7]2−:
2 [HCrO4]− ⇌ [Cr2O7]2− + H2O log KD = 2.05.

Furthermore, the dichromate can be protonated:
[HCr2O7]− ⇌ [Cr2O7]2− + H+ pK = 1.8

The pK value for this reaction shows that Tetraoxochromic acid can be ignored at pH > 4.

Loss of the second proton occurs in the pH range 4–8, making the ion [HCrO4]− a weak acid.

Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid could in principle be made by adding chromium trioxide to water (cf. manufacture of sulfuric acid).

CrO3 + H2O ⇌ H2CrO4

But in practice the reverse reaction occurs when molecular Tetraoxochromic acid is dehydrated.
This is what happens when concentrated sulfuric acid is added to a dichromate solution.

At first the colour changes from orange (dichromate) to red (Tetraoxochromic acid) and then deep red crystals of chromium trioxide precipitate from the mixture, without further colour change.
The colours are due to LMCT transitions.

Chromium trioxide is the anhydride of molecular Tetraoxochromic acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a Lewis acid and can react with a Lewis base, such as pyridine in a non-aqueous medium such as dichloromethane (Collins reagent).

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is formed when chromium trioxide reacts with water.

Tetraoxochromic acid chemical formula is H2CrO4.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used to oxidize many classes of organic compounds.

Tetraoxochromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating.
Tetraoxochromic acid generally refers to a collection of compounds generated by the acidification of solutions containing chromate and dichromate anions.

Tetraoxochromic acid forms dark purplish red crystals.
Tetraoxochromic acid and Tetraoxochromic acid salts are used in electroplating.

Applications of Tetraoxochromic acid:
In chemistry trade, Tetraoxochromic acid is used in chromate, which is salt of Tetraoxochromic acid, production.
A large portion of Tetraoxochromic acid’s production is used for chrome coating.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as burner in medical fields due to Tetraoxochromic acid being a good oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is also efficient in cleaning organic filth from glasses in labs but this method is not preferred because of Tetraoxochromic acid harm to environment.

Tetraoxochromic acid is also used as rubber pigment in carving processes, salt glaze making, colorizing glasses, cleaning metals, ink and dye productions.
Tetraoxochromic acid is acquired from adding additive chemicals to chrome trioxide’s aquenous solution.
Chrome trioxde is generally produced by putting 2,4 mol sodium dichromate and 2,8 mol sulphuric acid.

Tetraoxochromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating and is also used in ceramic glazes, and colored glass.
Tetraoxochromic acid can be used to clean laboratory glass ware, particularly of otherwise insoluble organic residues

Tetraoxochromic acid has also been widely used in the band instrument repair industry, due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to “brighten” raw brass.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as wood preservative

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong oxidizing agent finding application in organic synthesis.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used for preparation of other chrome chemicals of analytical grades.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in chemicals (chromates, oxidizing agents, catalysts), chrome plating, intermediates, pharmaceuticals (caustic), process engraving, anodizing, ceramic glazes, colored glass, metal cleaning, inks, tanning, dyes, textile mordant and plastics.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in coating agents, surface treatment agents and surfactants.

Uses of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating, and is also used in ceramic glazes, and colored glass.
Because a solution of Tetraoxochromic acid in sulfuric acid (also known as a sulfochromic mixture or chromosulfuric acid) is a powerful oxidizing agent, Tetraoxochromic acid can be used to clean laboratory glassware, particularly of otherwise insoluble organic residues.

This application has declined due to environmental concerns.
Furthermore, the acid leaves trace amounts of paramagnetic chromic ions (Cr3+) that can interfere with certain applications, such as NMR spectroscopy.

This is especially the case for NMR tubes.
Piranha solution can be used for the same task, without leaving metallic residues behind.

Tetraoxochromic acid was widely used in the musical instrument repair industry, due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to "brighten" raw brass.
A Tetraoxochromic acid dip leaves behind a bright yellow patina on the brass.
Due to growing health and environmental concerns, many have discontinued use of this chemical in their repair shops.

Tetraoxochromic acid was used in hair dye in the 1940s, under the name Melereon.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a bleach in black and white photographic reversal processing.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in electroplating, metal cleaning, leather tanning, and photography.
Tetraoxochromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating, and is also used in ceramic glazes, and colored glass.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in ceramic glazes.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a photographic chemical.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as an oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a cleaner in the laboratory.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the metal finishing industry.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the leather tanning, electroplating, and anticorrosive metal treatment industries.

Tetraoxochromic acid acts as an intermediate in chromium plating.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in ceramic glazes and coloured glass.

Chromosulfuric acid or sulfochromic mixture is a strong oxidizing agent that is used to clean laboratory glassware.
Tetraoxochromic acid has the ability to brighten raw brass and therefore Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the instrument repair industry.
In the year 1940, Tetraoxochromic acid was used in hair dye.

The completely protonated form of the dichromate ion is diTetraoxochromic acid, H2Cr2O7 and can also be seen as the result of adding chromium trioxide to molecular Tetraoxochromic acid.
When reacting with an aldehyde or ketone, diTetraoxochromic acid exactly the same way.

In organic chemistry, the Tetraoxochromic acid solution can oxidize primary alcohols to aldehyde and secondary alcohol to a ketone.
But the tertiary alcohols and ketones are unaffected.
During oxidation, the colour of Tetraoxochromic acid changes from orange to brownish green.

Tetraoxochromic acid is capable of oxidising many forms of organic compounds, and many variants have been created for this reagent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is referred to as the Jones reagent in aqueous sulfuric acid and acetone, which oxidises primary and secondary alcohols into carboxylic acids and ketones, respectively, though rarely affecting unsaturated bonds.

Cromyl chloride which is used to test the presence of chloride ions in inorganic chemistry, is derived from Tetraoxochromic acid.
Chromium trioxide and pyridinium chloride produce pyridinium chlorochromate.

Tetraoxochromic acid converts to the corresponding aldehydes (R-CHO) primary alcohols.
Tetraoxochromic acid was used to repair musical instruments due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to “brighten” raw brass.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in to manufacture metal and plastic coatings to produce a strong, tarnish-resistant, chrome finish.
Tetraoxochromic acid finds applications in many industries including in the manufacture of appliances and automobiles.

Tetraoxochromic acid is also used as a wood preservative for marine pilings, telephone poles, landscape timbers and other industrial wood applications.
Being a strong oxidizing agent, Tetraoxochromic acid also finds applications in organic synthesis and for preparation of other chrome chemicals of analytical grades.

Usage areas:
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the chemical industry to manufacture chromates, which are salts of Tetraoxochromic acid.
Most Tetraoxochromic acid is produced for use in chrome plating.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a caustic in medicine,
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in carving processes,

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in making ceramic glaze,
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in tinting windows,

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in cleaning metals,
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in ink and paint manufacturing
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as rubber pigment.

In the chemical industry, Tetraoxochromic acid is used for the manufacture of chromates, the salt form of Tetraoxochromic acid.
The area where Tetraoxochromic acid is used most in the market is the chrome plating process.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a caustic agent in the medical industry.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used during the glazing process during the production stages of handicrafts such as carving and ceramics.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the coloring phase of the glass production process.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the cleaning of metals.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in paint and ink production.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a pigment in the production of rubber material.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Acid and Alkali Cleaning of Metals
Electroplating
Leather Tanning and Processing
Photographic Processing
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)

Activities with risk of exposure:
Textile arts

General Properties of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid generally refers to a mixture produced by adding concentrated sulphuric acid to a dichromate.
Dichromate may contain several other compounds such as solid chromium trioxide.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a very good chemical for glass cleaning.
Anhydrous form of trioxide(H2CrO4) can also be called Tetraoxochromic acid.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong and abrasive oxidizing agent.
Chemically, Tetraoxochromic acid bear may remeblance to sulphuric acid and acts simlarly when yielding hydrogen.
Only sulphuric acid yields first proton much easier than Tetraoxochromic acid.

Additionally, Tetraoxochromic acid slowly disintigrates while reaching boiling point and, in proper environments, Tetraoxochromic acid becomes dessicant.

Formula of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Hydrogen is a chemical element with the symbol H and Tetraoxochromic acid atomic number is 1 and Tetraoxochromic acid electron configuration is 1s.
Tetraoxochromic acid is the lightest element.

Tetraoxochromic acid is colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, and highly combustible.
Tetraoxochromic acid is an extremely flammable gas, Tetraoxochromic acid burns in the air and oxygen to produce water.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the synthesis of Ammonia and the manufacturing of Nitrogenous fertilizers.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as rocket fuel and is used in the production of hydrochloric acid.

Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr.
Tetraoxochromic acid atomic number is 24 and Tetraoxochromic acid electronic configuration is [Ar]3d5 4s.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a steely gray, lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal.
Tetraoxochromic acid is not found as a free element in nature but is found in the form of ores.
The main ore of chromium is Chromite.

Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbol O and the atomic number is 8.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas essential to living organisms.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a reactive element that is found in water, in most rocks and minerals, and in numerous organic compounds.
Tetraoxochromic acid is the most abundant element in the earth’s crust.
Tetraoxochromic acid is life-supporting gas and highly combustible.

Structure of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is an acid so Tetraoxochromic acid begins with H.

Next, we look at the name there is no prefix in front of the Tetraoxochromic acid.
Acids all contain hydrogen.

In this structure hydrogen bonded with chromate.
The structure of Tetraoxochromic acid starts with four oxygen atoms bonded to chromium.

Two of them have double bonds, and two have single bonds.
They singly bonded oxygen atoms each have a hydrogen bonded to them.

Reactions of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid is capable of oxidizing many kinds of organic compounds and many variations on this reagent have been developed:
Tetraoxochromic acid in aqueous sulfuric acid and acetone is known as the Jones reagent, which will oxidize primary and secondary alcohols to carboxylic acids and ketones respectively, while rarely affecting unsaturated bonds.

Pyridinium chlorochromate is generated from chromium trioxide and pyridinium chloride.
This reagent converts primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes (R–CHO).

Collins reagent is an adduct of chromium trioxide and pyridine used for diverse oxidations.

Chromyl chloride, CrO2Cl2 is a well-defined molecular compound that is generated from Tetraoxochromic acid.

Illustrative transformations:
Oxidation of methylbenzenes to benzoic acids.
Oxidative scission of indene to homophthalic acid.
Oxidation of secondary alcohol to ketone (cyclooctanone) and nortricyclanone.

Use in qualitative organic analysis:
In organic chemistry, dilute solutions of Tetraoxochromic acid can be used to oxidize primary or secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones.
Similarly, Tetraoxochromic acid can also be used to oxidize an aldehyde to Tetraoxochromic acid corresponding carboxylic acid.

Tertiary alcohols and ketones are unaffected.
Because the oxidation is signaled by a color change from orange to brownish green (indicating chromium being reduced from oxidation state +6 to +3), Tetraoxochromic acid is commonly used as a lab reagent in high school or undergraduate college chemistry as a qualitative analytical test for the presence of primary or secondary alcohols, or aldehydes.[9]

Alternative reagents:
In oxidations of alcohols or aldehydes into carboxylic acids, Tetraoxochromic acid is one of several reagents, including several that are catalytic.
For example, nickel(II) salts catalyze oxidations by bleach (hypochlorite).

Aldehydes are relatively easily oxidised to carboxylic acids, and mild oxidising agents are sufficient.
Silver(I) compounds have been used for this purpose.

Each oxidant offers advantages and disadvantages.
Instead of using chemical oxidants, electrochemical oxidation is often possible.

Handling and Storage of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Store containers upright & tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers holding Tetraoxochromic acid and dichromates need to be stored below eye level.

Each container’s label should include a skull-and-crossbones pictogram, the word “Danger”, and identify Tetraoxochromic acid as both acutely toxic and carcinogenic.
Containers of Tetraoxochromic acid and dichromate salts must be stored in leak-proof secondary containment within a Designated Area.
The secondary container’s label should include a skull-and-crossbones pictogram, the word “Danger”, and identify Tetraoxochromic acid as both acutely toxic and carcinogenic.

Incompatibles: acids, bases, powdered metals, hydrazine, phosphorous, and all organic chemicals.

Storage Conditions:
Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried.
Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties) that bears appropriate label.

An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date Tetraoxochromic acid was acquired.
Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

Reactivity Profile of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid reacts rapidly with many materials including common combustibles, often causing ignition.
Mixing with reducing reagents can cause explosions.

Dangerously reactive with acetone, alcohols, alkali metals (sodium, potassium), ammonia, arsenic, dimethylformamide, hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus, peroxyformic acid, pyridine, selenium, sulfur, and many other chemicals.
Often mixed with sulfuric acid and used to clean glass ("cleaning solution").
Closed containers for used cleaning solution may explode from the internal pressure of carbon dioxide generated by oxidation of carbon compounds removed from the glass.

Safety of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Hexavalent chromium compounds (including chromium trioxide, Tetraoxochromic acids, chromates, chlorochromates) are toxic and carcinogenic.
For this reason, Tetraoxochromic acid oxidation is not used on an industrial scale except in the aerospace industry.

Chromium trioxide and Tetraoxochromic acids are strong oxidisers and may react violently if mixed with easily oxidisable organic substances.
Fires or explosions may result.

Tetraoxochromic acid burns are treated with a dilute sodium thiosulfate solution.

First Aid Measures of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of Tetraoxochromic acid(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

Move victim to fresh air if Tetraoxochromic acid can be done safely.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.

Do not perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if victim ingested or inhaled Tetraoxochromic acid; wash face and mouth before giving artificial respiration.
Use a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.

Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

Keep victim calm and warm.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

Skin Contact:
Immediately remove contaminated clothing and accessories; flush the skin with water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Eye Contact:
Check for and remove contact lenses.
Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Inhalation:
Move affected individual(s) into fresh air.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting or give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Seek medical attention.

Isolation and Evacuation:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE:
Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL:
Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2020)

Firefighting Measures of Tetraoxochromic acid:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.
If Tetraoxochromic acid can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

Non-Fire Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

Stop leak if you can do Tetraoxochromic acid without risk.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Protective Clothing:
Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

Disposal Methods of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D007, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for Tetraoxochromic acid:
Concentration process: Reverse Osmosis.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations.
Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria.

Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur.
Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal.
If Tetraoxochromic acid is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, Tetraoxochromic acid must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste.

Preventive Measures of Tetraoxochromic acid:
If employees' clothing may have become contaminated with solids or liquids containing Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates, employees should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.
Clothing contaminated with Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates should be placed in closed containers for storage until Tetraoxochromic acid can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of substance from the clothing.
If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates, the person performing the operation should be informed of Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates hazardous properties.

Where there is any possibility of exposure of an employee's body to solids or liquids containing Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates, facilities for quick drenching of the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use.
Non-impervious clothing which becomes contaminated with Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates should be removed immediately and not reworn until Tetraoxochromic acid is removed from the clothing.

Identifiers of Tetraoxochromic acid:
CAS Number: 7738-94-5
ChEBI: CHEBI:33143
ChemSpider: 22834
ECHA InfoCard: 100.028.910
EC Number: 231-801-5
Gmelin Reference: 25982
PubChem CID: 24425
UNII: SA8VOV0V7Q
UN number: 1755 1463
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID8034455
InChI: InChI=1S/Cr.2H2O.2O/h;2*1H2;;/q+2;;;;/p-2
Key: KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L check
InChI=1/Cr.2H2O.2O/h;2*1H2;;/q+2;;;;/p-2/rCrH2O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h2-3H
Key: KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-OOUCQFSRAZ

SMILES:
O[Cr](O)(=O)=O
O=[Cr](=O)(O)O

Properties of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Chemical formula: Chromic acid: H2CrO4
Dichromic acid: H2Cr2O7
Appearance: Dark red crystals
Density: 1.201 g cm−3
Melting point: 197 °C (387 °F; 470 K)
Boiling point: 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water: 169 g/100 mL
Acidity (pKa): -0.8 to 1.6
Conjugate base: Chromate and dichromate

Molecular Weight: 118.010 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 117.935813 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 117.935813 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.6Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Complexity: 81.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Related Products of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Diphenyltin Dichloride
Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphite
1,1'-Diisooctyl Ester 2,2'-[(Dioctylstannylene)bis(thio)]bis-acetic Acid (Technical Grade)
Diphenylsilane-D2
4-ethynyl-α,α-diphenyl-Benzenemethanol

Names of Tetraoxochromic acid:

IUPAC names:
Chromic acid
Dichromic acid

Systematic IUPAC name:
Dihydroxidodioxidochromium

Other names:
Chromic(VI) acid
Tetraoxochromic acid