TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE

TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRİKRESİL FOSFAT)

CAS NO TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRİKRESİL FOSFAT) :1330-78-5 (Mixture)

CAS NO TRIO-O-CRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRİOKRESİL FOSFAT) : 78-30-8

CAS NO TRI-M-CRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRİMKRESİL FOSFAT) : 563-04-2

CAS NO TRI-P-CRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRİPKRESİL FOSFAT) : 78-32-0

Synonyms;

Tricresyl phosphate; trikresil fosfat; tri, kresil, fosfat, tri, cresyl, phosphate, cas no : 1330-78-5, Tri-o-cresyl phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate, Tri-o-tolyl ester of phosphoric acid,trikresilfosfat, tri kresil fosfat; as no: 1330-78-5; Tri-o-cresyl phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate, Tri-o-tolyl ester of phosphoric acid; TOCP; TOTP; tri-2-cresyl phosphate; tri-o-cresyl phosphate; tri-o-tolyl phosphate; triorthocresyl phosphate; triorthotolyl phosphate; TRI-O-CRESYL PHOSPHATE; o-Tolyl phosphate; Tri-o-tolyl phosphate; 78-30-8; Triorthocresyl phosphate; o-Cresyl phosphate; Phosflex 179C; Phosphoric acid, tris(2-methylphenyl) ester; Tri-2-tolyl phosphate; Tris(o-tolyl) phosphate; Trojkrezylu fosforan; Phosphoric acid, tri-o-tolyl ester; Tri-2-methylphenyl phosphate; Tris(o-cresyl)-phosphate; Phosphoric Acid Tri-o-cresyl Ester; Phosphoric acid, tri-o-cresyl ester; o-Trikresylphosphate; Tris(o-methylphenyl)phosphate; Tris(2-methylphenyl) phosphate; Tris(o-tolyl)-phosphate; Tri-ortho-cresylphosphate; Tri 2-methylphenyl phosphate; o-Trikresylphosphate [German]; Trojkrezylu fosforan [Polish]; TCP; Tritolyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tritolyl ester; Cresyl phosphate; Tris(methylphenyl)ester of phosphoric acid; Phosphoric acid tris(methylphenyl) ester; Tricresyl phosphates; Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris(tolyloxy)phosphine oxide; Plasticizer TCP; Tritolylfosfat; Tricresilfosfati; Phosphate de tricresyle; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 083401; Kronitex; Lindol; Other RN: 25013-17-6; 34902-62-0; 56499-45-7; 56573-10-5; 69234-04-4; 73299-28-2; tris(4-methylphenyl) phosphate; BOSMZFBHAYFUBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N; 1330-78-5; CC1=CC=C(C=C1)OP(=O)(OC2=CC=C(C=C2)C)OC3=CC=C(C=C3)C ; C21H21O4P ; 215-548-8 ; 201-105-6 ; 809-930-9 ; Tri-p-cresyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate ; Phosphate, Tricresyl ; Phosphate, Tritolyl ; Phosphates, Tricresyl ; Phosphates, Tritolyl ; Tricresyl Phosphate ; Tricresyl Phosphates ;Tritolyl Phosphate; Tritolyl Phosphates ; TRI-P-CRESYL PHOSPHATE ;78-32-0; TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE; Tri-p-tolyl phosphate; Tris(4-methylphenyl) phosphate; Tritolyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid, tris(4-methylphenyl) ester; Tpcp; Phosphoric acid, tri-p-tolyl ester; tri-p-tolylphosphatE; Phosphoric Acid Tricresyl Ester; UNII-5149JKD098; HSDB 2559; NSC 2181; Phosphoric acid, tri(4-tolyl)ester; EINECS 201-105-6; Tris(methylphenyl) phosphate; Phosphoric acid, tris(methylphenyl) ester; AI3-04490; p-Tolyl phosphate ((C7H7O)3PO) TRI-P-CRESYL PHOSPHATE 78-32-0 TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE Tri-p-tolyl phosphate Tris(4-methylphenyl) phosphate Tritolyl phosphate Phosphoric acid, tris(4-methylphenyl) ester Tpcp Phosphoric acid, tri-p-tolyl ester tri-p-tolylphosphate Phosphoric Acid Tricresyl Ester UNII-5149JKD098 HSDB 2559 NSC 2181 Phosphoric acid, tri(4-tolyl)ester EINECS 201-105-6 Tris(methylphenyl) phosphate;  Phosphoric acid, tris(methylphenyl) ester AI3-04490 p-Tolyl phosphate ((C7H7O)3PO) 5149JKD098 4-methylphenyl di4-methylphenyl phosphate DSSTox_CID_1391 DSSTox_RID_76133 DSSTox_GSID_21391 TPC Tricresyl phosphates CAS-1330-78-5 tris-p-tolyl phosphate Imol S-140 Tolylphosphate Kronitex Lindol Durad tritolylphosphate Cresyl phosphate Disflamoll TKP Celluflex 179C trip-tolyl phosphate Phosflex 179A Fyrquel 150 Caswell No. 884 Flexol Plasticizer TCP Thiorthocresyl phosphate Tritolylfosfat [Czech] Tri-4-cresyl phosphate ACMC-209pdy Trikresylfosfat [Czech] Tris(p-cresyl) phosphate Union carbide flexol TCP Tricresylfosfaten [Dutch] Tricresilfosfati [Italian] Tri-4-cresylphosphat (p) Union carbide flexo l TCP Trikresylphosphate [German] Phosphoric acid, tolyl ester SCHEMBL21582 Tris(tolyloxy)phosphine oxide KSC489S5B Tris(p-methylphenyl) phosphate CCRIS 5947 IMOL S 140 Phosphoric acid, tritolyl ester CHEMBL1596847 DTXSID5052676 CTK3I9950 HSDB 6774 KS 00000WBG NSC2181 Phosphate de tricresyle [French] NCI-C61041 Phosphoric Acid Tri-p-tolyl Ester Tritolyl phosphate, <1% o-isomer Phosphoric Acid Tri-p-cresyl Ester NSC-2181 Tricresyl phosphate, <1% o-isomerTricresyl phosphate, >3% o-isomer ZINC1577195 EINECS 215-548-8 Tox21_201546 Tox21_302886 ANW-37172 BBL000008 LS-768 Phosphoric acid tris(4-methylphenyl)PX-917 STK368776 UN2574 AKOS005208650 Tritolyl phosphate, not <1% o-isomer EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 083401 LS-1743 MCULE-8178529561 Tricresyl phosphate, not <1% o-isomer Phosphoric acid tris(methylphenyl) ester NCGC00091176-01 NCGC00091176-02 NCGC00091176-03 NCGC00164427-01 NCGC00256457-01 NCGC00260672-01 Tricresyl phosphate (Tritolyl phosphate) I588 Phosphoric acid tris(methylphenyl) ester ST011996 tris(methylphenyl)ester of phosphoric acid Phosphoric acid, tri-p-tolyl ester (8CI) AI3-16771 FT-0696540 FT-0737184 NS00008724 NS00099448 T6978 C-47385 Q26840796  Tritolyl phosphate technical grade, mixture of isomers  Tricresyl phosphate with >3% ortho isomer [UN2574] [Poison] UNII-512641US16 component BOSMZFBHAYFUBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N, Phosphate de tris(2-méthylphényle) [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Phosphoric acid tris(2-methylphenyl) ester, Phosphoric acid, tris(2-methylphenyl) ester [ACD/Index Name], TOTP, TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE, TRI-O-CRESYL PHOSPHATE, Triorthocresyl phosphate, Tri-O-tolyl ester phosphoric acid ,Tri-o-tolyl phosphate, Tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Tris(o-tolyl) phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate, X8II18JD0A, 1336-40-9 [RN] ,4-06-00-01979 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) [Beilstein]; Celluflex, cresyl phosphate, disflamoll tkp, Durad, EINECS 201-103-5 , flexol plasticizer tcp , fyrquel 150, hydroxy-tris(2-methylphenoxy)phosphanium, hydroxy-tris(2-methylphenoxy)phosphonium, imol s 140, Imol S-140 , Kronitex, Lindol, o-Cresyl phosphate, o-tolyl phosphate, o-Trikesylphosphate, o-Trikresylphosphate; TRIKRESIL FOSTAT; TRİKRESİL FOSFAT; o-Trikresylphosphate [German], o-Trioyl phosphate, Phosflex 179C, phosphoric acid tri-o-cresyl ester, phosphoric acid tri-o-tolyl ester, Phosphoric Acid Tris(2-methylphenyl) Ester, Phosphoric Acid Tris(2-​methylphenyl) Ester, Phosphoric acid tris(methylphenyl) ester, Phosphoric acid tris(methylphenyl) ester, Phosphoric acid, tolyl ester, Phosphoric acid, tri(2-tolyl)ester, Phosphoric acid, tri-2-methylphenyl ester , Phosphoric acid, tri-o-cresyl ester, PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRI-ORTHO-TOLYL ESTER, Phosphoric acid, tri-o-tolyl ester; Phosphoric acid, tritolyl ester; Phosphoric acidtri-o-tolyl ester, PhosphoricAcidTri-o-CresylEster, Phosphoricacidtri-o-tolylester, PX-917, TCP, TOCP, TOFK, Tolylphosphate, Tri 2-methylphenyl phosphate; Tri-2-cresyl phosphate; Tri-2-methylphenyl phosphate; Tri-2-tolyl phosphate; TRICRESOL PHOSPHATE; Tricresyl phosphate (1% or more of the ortho isomer); Tricresyl phosphate (less than 1% of the ortho isomer); Tri-o-cresyl ester of phosphoric acid; Tri-ortho-cresylphosphate; Triorthokresylphosphat; tris(methylphenyl)ester of phosphoric acid; Tris(o-cresyl)-phosphate; Tris(o-methylphenyl)phosphate; Tris(o-tolyl)-phosphate; tris(tolyloxy)phosphine oxide; tris-o-tolyl phosphate; Trojkrezylu fosforan; Trojkrezylu fosforan [Polish]; UNII:X8II18JD0A; UNII-512641US16; UNII-X8II18JD0A; WLN: 1R BOPO&OR B1&OR B1; Trikesil fosfat; trikrezil fosfat; trikeresil phospat; tricresyl phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; toli phosphate; toly phosphate; Trikesil fosfat; trikrezil fosfat; trikeresil phospat; tricresyl phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; toli phosphate; toly phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; trikresil fosfat; tri, kresil, fosfat, tri, cresyl, phosphate; Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris(tolyloxy)phosphine oxide; TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE; TRIKREZIL FOSFAT; TRI KRESIL FOSFAT; TRI KRESIL FOSFAT; PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRI-ORTHO-TOLYL ESTER; TRICRESOL PHOSPHATE; TRİKRESOL FOSFAT; Cresyl phosphate; Tris(methylphenyl)ester of phosphoric acid; Phosphoric acid tris(methylphenyl) ester; Tricresyl phosphates; Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate, triolil fosfat, fosforik asit toli ester, tri orto toli ester, triso tolil ester; Trikresil Fosfat (TCP)

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRICRESIL PHOSPHATE)

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) molecular formula: C21H21O4P

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) physical state: Liquid

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) molecular mass: 368.37 g / mol

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) color: light clear yellow

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) boiling point: 265 ° C

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) flash point: 250 ° C

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) self-ignition temperature: 410 ° C

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) density: 1.143 g / cm³

DEFINITION AND MEANING OF TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE)

Tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toly phosphate, toly phosphate, Tricecyl phosphate, tricbrazhate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toli phosphate, toly phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; tri, cresyl, phosphate, tri, cresyl, phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris (tolyloxy) phosphine oxide; Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP)

Trikresil: Nomenclature indicating the existence of three cresol roots

Phosphate: Salt or ester of phosphoric acid used in the production of artificial fertilizers and some drugs.

WHAT IS TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE AND WHERE IS IT USED?

Tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toly phosphate, toly phosphate, Tricecyl phosphate, tricbra phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toli phosphate, toly phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; tri, cresyl, phosphate, tri, cresyl, phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris (tolyloxy) phosphine oxide; Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP)

A group of plasticizers used in the polymer industry are plasticizers that retard the combustion and ignition of the product. The need for this type of plasticizer is due to the increasing use of flexible vinyl polymers in residential and transport vehicles and for safety reasons. Plasticizers that act as both plasticizers and flame retardants are chlorinated paraffin hydrocarbons and alkyl aryl phosphates. Phosphate-containing plasticizers generally show very good compatibility with PVC and act as flame retardants in many polymers besides PVC. Although triaryl phosphates provide the highest flame retardancy, they have low plasticization properties. Alkyl diaryl phosphates, on the other hand, provide effective plasticization as well as good flame retardancy. The classical triaryl phosphate used in the polymer industry is tricresyl phosphate (TCP) produced from m- and p- cresols. Also, triaryl phosphate plasticizers with aryl groups, especially isopropyl and t-butyl alkyl substituents, are frequently sought plasticizers. The most common use of such Plasticizers is 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate.

Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is a mixture of isomeric tritolyl phosphates. It is used in the sterilization of some surgical instruments and in many industrial processes. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) exists in three isomeric forms: ortho, meta, and para. The tricresyl phosphate commercial product is a mixture of three forms with as little toxic ortho-isomers (TOCP) as possible. Meta-and para-isomers are relatively ineffective. Tricresyl phosphate, shortened TCP, is an organophosphate compound used as a plasticizer and various other applications. Tricresyl phosphate is a colorless, viscous liquid. Tricresyl phosphate but commercial samples are generally yellow. Tricresyl phosphate is almost insoluble in water.

Tricresyl phosphate is used as a plasticizer in nitrocellulose, acrylate varnishes, varnishes and polyvinyl chloride. Tricresyl phosphate is plastic and rubber flame retardant. Tricresyl phosphate is used as a gasoline additive as a lead scavenger for tetraethylurea. Tricresyl phosphate is a hydraulic fluid and a heat exchange medium. Tricresyl phosphate is also used in pure form by the US Navy as a lubricant in cryogenic liquid pumps. It is used for waterproofing materials by taking advantage of the hydrophobic properties of tricresyl phosphate. Tricresyl phosphate is a solvent for extraction, a solvent for nitrocellulose and other polymers. Used as an abrasion resistant and extreme pressure additive for tricresyl phosphate lubricants and hydraulic fluids.

Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is a non-flammable, viscous clear liquid; Stable in neutral and acidic environments with normal temperature. However, it is easily hydrolyzed in an alkaline environment to produce dicrazine phosphate and cresol. Commercial Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is a mixture of isomers (ortho-, meta- and para-isomers). Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is produced by the reaction of cresols (or kresel acid) with phosphorus oxychloride. A solvent and thinner for nitrocellulose, tricresyl phosphate is used in acrylate polishes paints and varnishes. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is used as a plasticizer for PVC processing. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is used as a flame retardant in plastic, rubber and hydraulic systems. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is used as an additive in high pressure refrigeration oils. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is used as a lead scavenger in gasoline.

Phosphoric acid esters (called organophosphates) are used as flame retardants and plasticizers (some flame retardant agents) in plastics, rubbers and varnishes in industrial applications. Organophosphates are the most commonly used flame retardants in this group. Hydraulic fluids and lubricants also contain organophosphates such as Tricresyl phosphate, triaryl or trialkyl phosphates to improve their properties in use. Organophosphates are used as defoamers in antifreeze solutions, pulp and paper production, and oil field drilling needs. Tricresyl phosphate can be used as defoaming agents in detergent solutions and various emulsions, paints and adhesives. Some alkyl phosphates are used as adhesive accelerators and for corrosion protection in coatings. In general, phosphoric acid alkyl esters produced by the reaction of either alcohols, alcohol ethoxylates or phenyl ethoxylates with polyphosphoric acid or phosphorus pentoxide are anionic surfactants that have the main characteristic of stability in alkaline conditions compared to other surfactants. Tricresyl phosphate has a wide variety of properties such as superior wetting, emulsification, lubrication, binding activity and detergent. They exhibit antiwear and anti-corrosion properties in the form of free esters or in the form of metal and amine salts. They are also used as alkylating agents for nitrogen heterocyclic compounds and as catalysts for producing phenolic and urea resins. They are used as a solvent in liquid-liquid extractors or metal separating agents. They are used as heat exchange media and pigment grinding aids and defoamers. When tricresyl phosphate is added to PVC, it makes the product soft and rubbery.

Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) was used as a mediator in the preparation of uranium sensitive electrode based on uranium di- (4-octylphenyl) phosphate containing membrane as sensor Tri-o-cresyl phosphate 2%, tri-m-cresyl phosphate 42%, tri-p Synthetic high temperature lubricating oil consisting of -cresyl phosphate 31%, tris (dimethylphenyl) phosphates 18%, tris (ethylphenyl) phosphate 6%, Other triaryl phosphates 1%. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) (Tricresyl Phosphate) is a low viscosity synthetic phosphate ester, Tricresyl phosphate is used in a wide variety of applications as a flame retardant plasticizer. Tritolyl phosphate is used for leather fabric, upholstery, book binding, seat covers. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is a mixture of three isomeric organophosphate compounds that are mainly used as flame retardant and plasticizer in lacquer and varnish production. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is a colorless, viscous liquid, but commercial samples are typically yellow. It is practically insoluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents such as toluene, hexane, and diethylether, among others. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) was synthesized by Alexander Williamson in 1854 upon the reaction of phosphorus pentachloride with cresol. (a mixture of para-, ortho- and meta- isomers of methylphenol). Today's manufacturers can prepare Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) by mixing cresol with phosphorus oxychloride or phosphoric acid. Tritolyl phosphate (TCP), especially its entire ortho isomer, is the agent that causes a range of acute poisoning. Ortho-isomer is rarely used alone due to its extremely toxic nature, except for laboratory work requiring isomeric purity and is generally excluded from commercial products including Tricresyl phosphate (TCP). Used As Nitrocellulose, Acrylate Lacquer, Varnish And Polyvinyl Chloride Plasticizer. It Is Used As Flame Retardant In Plastic And Rubber. Thanks to its hydrophobic feature, it is used in the production of waterproof materials. Tritolyl phosphate can be divided into several different classes as both reactive and additive flame retardants, as well as several different classes: The basic mechanisms of flame retardancy vary according to the specific flame retardant and the material. Additives and reactive chemicals can be flame retardant (gas) or condensed (solid) phase steam both function. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) Used as an analytical reagent and a solvent for nitrocellulose. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) Used as plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride and triacetate (film base). Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) Used as a plasticizer for epoxy resin adhesives with flame retardant properties. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) Used as gas chromatographic fixative (maximum use temperature 125 ° C, solvent ether Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) Used to separate and analyze aromatic hydrocarbons, phenol isomers, halogenated compounds and mercaptans.

Thermal protector (solid phase)

Tricresyl phosphate (TCP)

One way to stop the spread of flame on the material is to create a thermal insulation barrier between incineration and unburned parts. Intumescent additives are commonly used; Its role is to turn a polymer surface into a char, which will separate the flame from the material and slow down the heat transfer of unburned fuel. Non-halogenated, inorganic and organic phosphate flame retardants act by this mechanism by forming a polymeric layer that is typically carbonized phosphoric acid.

Dilution of the gas phase

Tricresyl phosphate (TCP)

Inert gas (mostly carbon dioxide and water, produced by thermal degradation of some materials) acts as diluents of flammable gases, lowering their partial pressures and oxygen partial pressure and slowing the reaction rate.

Gas phase quenching

Tricresyl phosphate (TCP)

Chlorinated and brominated substances undergo thermal decomposition and release hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide, if used in the presence of a synergist such as antimony trioxide, antimony halide, or. This highly reactive molecule reacts with H and OH radicals, resulting in an inactive molecule and a Cl, or Br, radical. Its root is less reactive than halogen, H · or OH ·, and therefore the radical combustion has a much lower potential to propagate oxidation reactions.

Usage and effectiveness

Fire safety standards

Tricecyl phosphate, triclosyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toli phosphate, toly phosphate, Tricecyl phosphate, tricbrazhate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toli phosphate, toly phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; tri, cresyl, phosphate, tri, cresyl, phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris (tolyloxy) phosphine oxide; Tricresyl phosphate (TCP)

Flame retardants are added to industrial and consumer products to meet typical ignition insulation

In 1975, California began the application of Technical Bulletin 117 (TB 117), which requires materials such as polyurethane foam used to fill furniture that can withstand a small flame, equivalent to a candle, for at least 12 seconds. As polyurethane foam, TB 117 with additive halogen-based organic flame retardants is suitable for furniture manufacturers. Although other US states have a similar standard, many manufacturers also meet TB 117 in products they distribute across the United States because California is such a large market. Growth of furniture flame retardants and particularly halogenated organic flame retardants across the United States is strongly associated with TB 117.

However, these questions can be solved using a new classification of high efficiency flame retardants that do not contain halogen compounds, and can also be continuously coded into the chemical structure of the foams used in the furniture and bedding industries. The resulting foams are certified to produce flame retardant emissions. This new technology is based on the newly developed "Green Chemistry" with the final wholly foam containing approximately one third of the weight of natural oils. Using this technology in its production, California TB 117 foams will provide the newly recognized and needed protection against chemical emissions to home and office environments, as well as providing continuous protection for the consumer against open flame ignition. More recent work in 2014 with this "Green Chemistry" showed that foams containing about fifty percent of natural oils can be made to produce much less smoke when mixed in fire situations. The ability of these low-emission foams to reduce smoke emissions by up to 80% is an interesting feature that will help escape from fire situations and also reduce risks for first responders, especially the general and fire brigade emergency services ie.

In Europe, flame retardant standards for furniture differ and are their most stringent in the UK and Ireland. Often in the various common flame retardant rankings furniture tests and items worldwide would signify California test Cal TB117 - 2013 test is the simplest to pass, the British test BS followed by Cal TB117 -1975 with no increasing difficulty, followed by 5852 Cal TB133. One of the most rigorous ignition tests worldwide is the US Federal Aviation Authority test of aircraft seating, which probably involves the use of a kerosene burner of flame explosions as part of the test. The 2009 Greenstreet Berman research, conducted by the UK government, showed that in 2002 and the UK Furniture and Furniture Fire Safety Regulations accounted for 54 fewer fatalities per year, 780 fewer non-fatal casualties per year and 1,065 fewer fires each year after the announcement of the UK furniture safety regulations in 1988 during 2007 .

Another study concluded that flame retardants are effective tools to reduce fire risk without creating toxic emissions. Environmental behavior of flame retardants has been studied since the 1990s. Mainly brominated flame retardant, it has been found in many environmental compartments and organisms, including humans, and some individual substances have been found to have toxic properties. Therefore, it has been requested by alternative authorities, NGOs and equipment manufacturers. The EU-funded joint research project ENFIRO (EU research project FP7: 226563 concluded in 2012) is not sufficient environmental and health data began from the assumption that established brominated flame retardants alternatives were known. To make the assessment complete, it was agreed for a life cycle assessment attempt to compare material and fire performance as well as a reference product containing free halogen versus brominated flame retardants. About a dozen halogen flame retardants have been studied for a wide variety of applications, from engineering plastics, printed circuit board, textiles, and swelling coatings to encapsulants. A large group of flame retardants studied have been found to have good environmental and health profiles: ammonium polyphosphate (APP), aluminum, diethyl phosphinate (Alpi), aluminum hydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), melamine polyphosphate (MPP) dihydrooxaphosphaphenanthrene (DOPO) ), zinc stannate (ZS) and zinc hydroxstannate (ZHS). In general, they were found to have a lower propensity for bioaccumulation in adipose tissue than brominated flame retardants studied. Tests on the fire behavior of different flame-retardant materials revealed less smoke and toxic fire emissions, with the exception of the halogen-free flame-retardant styrene polymer aryl phosphates RDP and BDP. Extraction experiments have shown that the nature of the polymer is an apparent factor and the halogen and brominated flame retardant leaching behavior is comparable. The more porous or "hydrophilic" polymers, the more flame retardants can be released. However, in reality, molded sheets representing plastic products showed lower levels of separation of extruded polymer granules. Impact assessment studies confirm that the waste brominated flame retardant can produce electronic products that are flame retardant and the recycling process can produce dioxin halogen-free alternatives. In addition, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) is conducting a series of projects related to environmental assessment of "alternative flame retardants" design for the environment, flame retardants to alternatives to decabromo, printed circuit boards and diphenylether Projects and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD).

In 2009, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) released a report on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and, contrary to previous reports, they were found throughout the US coastal zone. This nationwide survey found that New York's Hudson Raritan Estuary has high total concentrations of PBDEs, both in sediments and shellfish.

Shellfish were found from four sites in California and the Hudson Raritan Estuary. Southern California Bight, Puget Sound, Florida Tampa, and St. Basins, including the waters of St. Petersburg, Mexico's central and eastern Gulf, and the waters of Lake Michigan near Chicago and Gary, Indiana, were also seen to have high concentrations of PBDEs. Various studies in the 1980s tested firing whole pieces of furniture with different types of upholstery and fillers, including different flame retardant formulations. In particular, the maximum heat release and time, maximum heat release, looked at the two key indicators of fire hazard. These studies have found that the fabric-covered type cotton pads are less flammable than the polyurethane foam padding, and that an interlining material has a great effect on the ease of contact, greatly reducing the ease of contact. It was also found that although some flame retardant formulations decreased the ease of ignition, TB 117 combined with the most basic formulation, had very little effect. In one of the combined studies of TB 117, the foam filler had equivalent ignition times as the same foam filler without flame protective additives in one. A report from the Polyurethane Foam Association Proceedings has also shown benefit in tests of open flames and smoking with foam pads treated with flame retardants to meet TB 117, however, other scientists support this open flame test. Minerals such as aluminum hydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), huntite and hydromagnesite various hydrates, red phosphorus and boron compounds, mostly borates. Compounds. Chlorinated acid derivatives such as organochlorines and chlorinated paraffins; Decabromodiphenyl ether such as organobromines (DecaBDE), decabromodiphenyl ethane (a replacement for DecaBDE), for example, polymeric brominated compounds such as brominated polystyrenes, brominated carbonate oligomers (bcos), brominated epoxy oligomers Tricecyl phosphate, tricyl phosphate phosphate, trichrazyl phosphate Tricresyl phosphate, Tricresyl phosphate, toly phosphate, Tricresyl phosphate, Tricresyl phosphate, Tricresyl phosphate, Tricresyl phosphate, Tricresyl phosphate, Tricresyl phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; tri, cresyl, phosphate, tri, cresyl, phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris (tolyloxy) phosphine oxide, Cresyl phosphate; Tris (methylphenyl) ester of phosphoric acid; Phosphoric acid tris (methylphenyl) ester; Tricresyl phosphates; Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate, triolyl phosphate, phosphoric acid toly ester, tri orthotolyl ester, triso tolyl ester, (BeOS) tetrabromophthalic anhydride, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). Most but not all halogenated burn retardants are used in conjunction with a synergist to increase their efficiency. Antimony trioxide is commonly used, but other forms, such as antimony pentoxide and sodium antimonate, are also used. Organophosphorus compounds. This class of organophosphates such as triphenyl phosphate (TPP), resorcinol bis (diphenylphosphate) (RDP) a diphenyl phosphate (BADP) bisphenol and tricresyl phosphate (TCP); dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) such as phosphonates; and aluminum such as phosphinates, diethyl phosphinate. In an important class of flame retardants, compounds; They contain phosphorus and a halogen. Such compounds include tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (chlorinated tris or TDCPP) and tetrakis (2-chlorethyl) dichloroisopentyldiphosphate, such as tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (brominated tris) and chlorinated organophosphates. V6).

Mineral flame retardants act as the main additive flame retardants and are not chemically bonded to the surrounding system. Most of the organohalogen and organophosphate compounds do not give a permanent reaction to add themselves to their environment, but additional chemical groups are grafted on these materials to ensure that they integrate without losing the residual retarder efficiency. This will also make these materials non-emitting to the environment. Some non-new halogenated products with these non-reactive emitter properties have been coming to the market since 2010, because of the public debate about their flame retardant emissions. Even some of these new Reagents have received US-EPA approval for low environmental impacts. Plasticizers that act as both plasticizers and flame retardants are chlorinated paraffin hydrocarbons and alkyl aryl phosphates. Phosphate-containing plasticizers generally show very good compatibility with PVC and act as flame retardants in many polymers besides PVC. Although triaryl phosphates provide the highest flame retardancy, they have low plasticization properties. Alkyl diaryl phosphates, on the other hand, provide effective plasticization as well as good flame retardancy. The classical triaryl phosphate used in the polymer industry is tricresyl phosphate (TCP) produced from m- and p- cresols. Also, triaryl phosphate plasticizers with aryl groups, especially isopropyl and t-butyl alkyl substituents, are frequently sought plasticizers. The most common use of such Plasticizers is 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate. Aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters have been developed as plasticizers to give flexibility to polymers used at low temperatures. The most common of these are di (2-ethylhexyl) esters of adipic, azelaic and sebacic acids. The production of adipates with various alkyl extensions has increased considerably due to the favorable performance-price relationship. Azelates and persimmons are very useful plasticizers due to their low evaporation. HOOC (CH2) 4 COOH, Adipic Acid HOOC (CH2) 7 COOH, Azelaic Acid HOCC (CH2) 8 COOH, Sebacic Acid Another group of plasticizers are polymeric plasticizers. The high molecular weight of the plasticizer minimizes the loss of separation from the plastic material, extrusion and volatility. Polymeric Plasticizers are generally polyesters of glycols, and especially polyesters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. Molecular weights of such Plasticizers are between 800 and 6000, on average around 2000. The building blocks are glycol and carboxylic acid, with glycols of 2-4 carbon being the most common adipic and pentanedioic acids. The selection of the group that ends the polymerization of Polymeric Plasticizers is important and this group should be a group that has good compatibility with PVC. PVC is used as a raw material. Therefore, many additives are used. These additives contain very toxic substances. However, since it is not possible to include all of them here, we will look at the most toxic ones below. Lead compounds (stabilizer) Cadmium compounds (stabilizer) Other metal compounds (stabilizer) -Organotin compounds (fastener) -Fatelites (Plasticizers) Fluorinated paraffins (plasticizer extenders) Antimony compounds (flame retardants), However, phototransformation behavior of OPE it is still not fully understood and this is important for understanding environmental fate. In this study, the photodegradation of tricresyl phosphate (TCP), one of the most commonly detected OPEs in aqueous environments, was investigated in the presence of various natural water factors, NO 2 -, Fe 3+ and humic, including direct photolysis. acid. The distortion process followed the so-called first-order kinetics, whose rate constant increased slightly as the initial TCP concentration increased. The presence of NO 2 - and Fe 3+ has been observed to increase the photochemical loss of TCP, while humic acid plays a negative role in TCP conversion. Electron spin resonance (EPR) analysis showed that the carbon-centered radical was produced in the photolysis process of Tritolyl phosphate (TCP) and the hydroxyl radical contributed to the increase of the rate constant for Fe 3+ and NO 2 -. Four photolysis products were temporarily identified by HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS analysis and possible degradation pathways of Tritolyl phosphate (TCP) were suggested. These findings provide a meaningful reference to the destiny and transformation of OPEs in natural water. Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP)

TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRICRESIL PHOSPHATE) HAZARD STATEMENTS

Tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toly phosphate, toly phosphate, Tricecyl phosphate, tricbra phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toli phosphate, toly phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; tri, cresyl, phosphate, tri, cresyl, phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris (tolyloxy) phosphine oxide; Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP)

H360: Tricresyl phosphate may harm fertility or the unborn child.

H370: Tricresyl phosphate damages organs.

H372: Tricresyl phosphate causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.

H373: Tricresyl phosphate may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.

H400: Tricresyl phosphate is very toxic to aquatic life.

TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE (TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE) PRECAUTIONS

Tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toly phosphate, toly phosphate, Tricecyl phosphate, tricbra phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toli phosphate, toly phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; tri, cresyl, phosphate, tri, cresyl, phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris (tolyloxy) phosphine oxide; Tricresyl phosphate (TCP)

P501: Dispose of tricresyl phosphate content / container at an approved waste disposal facility.

P273: Avoid release of tricresyl phosphate into the environment.

P260: Do not breathe dust / smoke / gas / fog / vapors / spray.

P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using tricresyl phosphate.

P202: When handling tricresyl phosphate, do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.

P201: Obtain special instructions before using tricresyl phosphate.

P264: Wash skin thoroughly after using tricresyl phosphate.

P280: Wear protective gloves / protective clothing / eye protection / face protection in contact with tricresyl phosphate.

P391: Collect spillage to tricresyl phosphate.

P308 + P311: In case of exposure to tricresyl phosphate or if relevant: Call a POISON CENTER / doctor.

P405: Store locked up.

Health Disasters Caused by Tricresyl Phosphate

Tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toly phosphate, toly phosphate, Tricecyl phosphate, tricbrazhate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, toli phosphate, toly phosphate; tricresyl phosphate; tri, cresyl, phosphate, tri, cresyl, phosphate, Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris (tolyloxy) phosphine oxide; Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP)

Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) was the source of an acute polyneuropathy outbreak in Sri Lanka in 1977, in which 20 Tamil girls were poisoned with Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) contaminated gingil oil. Neuropathy is a toxic substance that causes paralysis of the hands and feet and / or death to humans and animals. It can be swallowed, inhaled and even absorbed through the skin. Its ortho-isomer is known to be the source of several delayed neurotoxic outbreaks in recent history. Contemporary commercial products typically only contain para- and meta-isomers of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) due to the lack of neurotoxic potential in these isomers.

The earliest known mass poisoning incident by Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) began as early as 1899 when six French patients were given a phosphoresote cough mixture containing the organophosphate compound. Pharmacist Jules Brissonet synthesized this compound in the hopes of treating pulmonary physis (tuberculosis), but soon after administration, all 6 patients developed polyneuropathy.

The largest mass poisoning of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) occurred with the popular beverage "Ginger Jake" (or Jamaican "Jake") during the United States Prohibition period in 1930. While it was the primary substitute for alcohol during this period when all alcoholic beverages were banned by the United States Government, it is also listed as a treatment for "various ailments" in the US Pharmocopoeia and is therefore easy to obtain. When a manufacturer of Ginger Jake added Lindol, a compound made mainly of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP), to their products, up to 100,000 people were poisoned and 5,000 people were paralyzed. The exact reason Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) was found in Ginger Jake is controversial; Some sources claim it is the result of removing the Jamaican root further, others watering the drink, and another the result of contamination from lubricating oils. The sudden movements of Ginger Jake led to something known as a "Jake's gait," during which patients experienced a rather uneven gait caused by numbness in the legs and then paralysis in the ankles and feet. It has been described in medical journals that it produces "an organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by distal axonal lesions, ataxia, and neuronal degeneration in the spinal cord and peripheral nervous systems.