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WETFIX BE
Welfix BE is adhesion promoter for hot and warm mix, and for cold and warm mix based on soft bitumens or cut-backs. Adhesion promoter and coating aid for foamed asphalt cold mix.
SYNONYMS:
WETFIX BE; CRALANE CAR 81; liquid, additive; LIQUID, ADDITIVE; LİQUİD, ADDİTİVE; ADİTİVE; ADDİT; WETFİX, BE, B,E, WET, FIX, FİX, WETFİXBE; WETFIX, BE; wetfixbe, wetfix, be; wet, fix, be; Cralane car 81; CRALANE, CAR, 81; CRLAN CAR 81; CRAL, CAR, 81; CRALAN CAR 81; cralanecar,81; Heat-Stable Adhesion Promoter; multipurpose adhesion agent for use in bitumen, road oils and cut-back binders; Bitumen binder; Asphalt Application; WETFIX BE; wetfix be; wetfxBE; WETFIX BE; WETFIXBE; DİAMİN HBG; DIAMINE HBG; diamine hbg; diamin hbg; sıvı, katkı maddesi; SIVI, KATKI; LİQUİD, KATKI; ADİTİVE; addit; WETFİX, BE, B, E, WET, DÜZELTME, FİX, WETFİXBE; WETFIX, BE; wetfixbe, wetfix, olmak; ıslak, düzeltmek; Cralane arabası 81; CRALAN, CAR, 81; CRLAN CAR 81; CRAL, CAR, 81; KRAL ARABASI 81; cralanecar, 81; Isıya Kararlı Yapışma Arttırıcısı; bitüm, yol yağları ve kesme bağlayıcılarında kullanım için çok amaçlı yapıştırma maddesi; Bitümlü bağlayıcı; Asfalt Uygulaması; WETFIX BE; ıslak düzeltme; wetfxBE; WETFIX BE; WETFIXBE; DİAMİN HBG; DIAMINE HBG; diamin hbg; diamin hbg; liquid, additive; LIQUID, ADDITIVE; LİQUİD, ADDİTİVE; ADİTİVE; ADDİT; WETFİX, BE, B,E, WET, FIX, FİX, WETFİXBE; WETFIX, BE; wetfixbe, wetfix, be; wet, fix, be; Cralane car 81; CRALANE, CAR, 81; CRLAN CAR 81; CRAL, CAR, 81; CRALAN CAR 81; cralanecar,81; Heat-Stable Adhesion Promoter; multipurpose adhesion agent for use in bitumen, road oils and cut-back binders; Bitumen binder; Asphalt Application; WETFIX BE; wetfix be; wetfxBE; WETFIX BE; WETFIXBE; DİAMİN HBG; DIAMINE HBG; diamine hbg; diamin hbg; sıvı, katkı maddesi; SIVI, KATKI; LİQUİD, KATKI; ADİTİVE; addit; WETFİX, BE, B, E, WET, DÜZELTME, FİX, WETFİXBE; WETFIX, BE; wetfixbe, wetfix, olmak; ıslak, düzeltmek; Cralane arabası 81; CRALAN, CAR, 81; CRLAN CAR 81; CRAL, CAR, 81; KRAL ARABASI 81; cralanecar, 81; Isıya Kararlı Yapışma Arttırıcısı; bitüm, yol yağları ve kesme bağlayıcılarında kullanım için çok amaçlı yapıştırma maddesi; Bitümlü bağlayıcı; Asfalt Uygulaması; WETFIX BE; ıslak düzeltme; wetfxBE; WETFIX BE; WETFIXBE; DİAMİN HBG; DIAMINE HBG; diamin hbg; diamin hbg; liquid, additive; LIQUID, ADDITIVE; LİQUİD, ADDİTİVE; ADİTİVE; ADDİT; WETFİX, BE, B,E, WET, FIX, FİX, WETFİXBE; WETFIX, BE; wetfixbe, wetfix, be; wet, fix, be; Cralane car 81; CRALANE, CAR, 81; CRLAN CAR 81; CRAL, CAR, 81; CRALAN CAR 81; cralanecar,81; Heat-Stable Adhesion Promoter; multipurpose adhesion agent for use in bitumen, road oils and cut-back binders; Bitumen binder; Asphalt Application; WETFIX BE; wetfix be; wetfxBE; WETFIX BE; WETFIXBE; DİAMİN HBG; DIAMINE HBG; diamine hbg; diamin hbg; sıvı, katkı maddesi; SIVI, KATKI; LİQUİD, KATKI; ADİTİVE; addit; WETFİX, BE, B, E, WET, DÜZELTME, FİX, WETFİXBE; WETFIX, BE; wetfixbe, wetfix, olmak; ıslak, düzeltmek; Cralane arabası 81; CRALAN, CAR, 81; CRLAN CAR 81; CRAL, CAR, 81; KRAL ARABASI 81; cralanecar, 81; Isıya Kararlı Yapışma Arttırıcısı; bitüm, yol yağları ve kesme bağlayıcılarında kullanım için çok amaçlı yapıştırma maddesi; Bitümlü bağlayıcı; Asfalt Uygulaması; WETFIX BE; ıslak düzeltme; wetfxBE; WETFIX BE; WETFIXBE; DİAMİN HBG; DIAMINE HBG; diamin hbg; diamin hbg; WETFIX BE; Wetfix BE
Wetfix BE
Wetfix BE is a liquid anti-stripping additive produced by Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry especially for hot and warm mix asphalt.
Features and Benefits
Stability in hot bitumen up to 5 days without losing its properties
It minimizes water damage and cracks.
It minimizes the wheel seating mark.
It increases the perfect adherence.
Due to its ability to be applied between -20 C and 0 C, it is easily added to bitumen also in cold weather.
Advantages and features
Versatile product:
Wetfix BE provides both active and passive adhesion and finds use in a wide variety of asphalt mixes and spray applications.
• Value for money:
Wetfix BE is, as a result, a concentrated product with low dosage and low processing costs.
Heat stability:
Performance is maintained after storage in hot bitumen
Low volatility:
The product does not contain solvents and has low volatility at hot mixing temperatures.
Easy to use:
The product has lower viscosity than other concentrated anti-strips.
Dosage
Adhesion promoter for hot and warm mix - 0.1-0.5% - base binder
Adhesion promoter - 0.1-1.0% - base binder for patch mix and soft bitumen mix
Compaction aid for hot mix - 0.3-0.5% - base binder
Specification
Acid value, mgKOH / g - <10 --VE 2.013
Amine value, mg KOH / g - 160-185 --VE 2.018
Physical properties
Appearance at 25 ° C - liquid
Flash point, ° C -> 218 (> 424 ° F)
Pour point, ° C - <-20 (-4 ° F)
Density, g / cc - 0.98 at 20 ° C
Density, lbs / U.S. Gal at 20 ° - 8.18
Viscosity, mPa s (cP) Brookfield Spindle SC4-18 - 538 at 20 ° C
Wetfix BE is a specially designed liquid additive for hot mix asphalt where good heat stability is required. Wetfix BE can be stored in hot bitumen at temperatures up to 170ºC for up to 5 days without any significant loss of activity.
The dosage of Wetfix BE depends on the type of bitumen and aggregate used. Normally it is added to the binder between 0.2% and 0.5%.
Wetfix BE is a multi-purpose adhesive used in bitumen, road oils and cut-back binders with its thermal stability, fluidity and low volatility advantages. The stability of Wetfix BE in hot bitumen depends on the acid value and the temperature of the bitumen.
Wetfix BE is an anti-pickling liquid additive specially designed for hot and hot mixtures.
WETFIX BE
Wetfix BE is an anti-pickling liquid additive specially designed for hot and hot mixtures.
features and benefits
Stability in hot bitumen up to 5 days without losing its properties.
Wetfix BE minimizes water damage and cracks.
Wetfix BE minimizes the impact of the impeller.
Wetfix BE improves adhesion perfectly.
Wetfix BE is easily added to bitumen in cold weather due to its ability to be applied between -20 C and 0 C.
Amount of usage
Wetfix BE has a low usage rate. Normally 0.1% to 0.3% of the bituminous binder is used, depending on the type of bitumen and aggregate to be used.
Physical properties and specifications of Wetfix BE
Appearance of Wetfix BE at 20 ° C: brown liquid
Wetfix density BE, 20 ° C, kg / m³: 980
Flash point of Wetfix BE, ° C:> 218
Wetfix BE, 20 ° C, viscosity of mPa.s: 800
Wetfix BE pH, 5: 11% in water
Wetfix's amine number BE mg HCL / g: 160-185
Wetfix acid number BE mg KOH / g: <10
Note: The above values are average values.
Advantages and features
Versatile Product: Wetfix BE provides both active and passive adhesion and is used in a wide variety of asphalt mixes and spray applications.
In addition to the above surfactants, a mineral oil in the presence of water
Various adhesion accelerators were also selected to study the effects of bitumen on coagulation on the al substrate. These additives were Diamine OLBS (for active adhesion), Wetfix BE and Wetfix N (for active and passive adhesion).
Wetfix BE is a specially produced liquid additive for hot mix asphalt where good heat stability is required. (BSK) It is easily used in Hot Bituminous Mixture and Surface Coatings.
Application:
Wetfix BE is a liquid cationic adhesive specially formulated for hot mix asphalt.
Dosage:
"Wetfix BE" depends on the binder and stone types used. Typically 0.2% to 0.5% of the product is added to the binder.
Wetfix BE can be stored in hot bitumen at temperatures up to 170 ° C for up to 5 days without any significant loss of activity.
Wetfix BE is a liquid anti-stripping additive produced by Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry especially for hot and warm mix asphalt.
Features and Advantages
Stability in hot bitumen up to 5 days without losing its properties
It minimizes water damage and cracks.
It minimizes the wheel seating mark.
It increases adherence perfectly.
Due to its ability to be applied between -20 C and 0 C, it is easily added to bitumen in cold weather.
It complies with the Highways Technical Specification section 411.
Amount of usage
Wetfix BE has a low usage rate. Depending on the type of bitumen and aggregate to be used, it is normally used at a rate of 0.1% to 0.3% of the bituminous binder.
Appearance at 20 ° C: Brown Liquid
Density, 20 ° C, kg / m³: 980
Flash point, ° C:> 218
Viscosity, 20 ° C, mPa.s: 800
pH, 5% in water: 11
Amine number mg HCL / g: 160-185
Acid Value mg KOH / g: <10
WHY WE NEED WETFIX BE?
Drivers for improving adhesion
Growth in passenger and goods transport
Increased focus on the durability of Asphalt Pavement due to extended warranty periods and demand for Long Term Contracts
Changing aggregate and bitumen quality
Limited funding for road construction / maintenance
Environmental impact, paving processes consume a lot of energy and generate emissions.
Asphalt
Heat Resistant Adhesion Promoter for Bituminous Binders
Aggregate surfaces are hydrophilic
Aggregate surfaces prefer to contact with water rather than bitumen.
The effect of water
Bitumen cannot replace moisture in a surface and therefore does not adhere to wet aggregates.
Asphalt can look like a very waterproof material.
… However, water can enter cavities in various ways.
Permeability, Permeability
Surface water can penetrate the asphalt
Capillary effect
Water from lower grade can rise from asphalt
Water vapor
Moisture in the air can enter voids in asphalt and condense
The pumping action of traffic speeds up the passage of water.
The impact of high precipitation and uncontrolled traffic loads, research on the use of concrete waste materials as a substitute for coarse aggregates to reduce the limitations of natural aggregates and age stabilizing additives to improve performance, strength, durability, stability and AC-WC mixed resistance.
This research was conducted using 0%, 40%, 80% and 100% concrete waste variations.
The variations of additives are 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.35% and 0.45% asphalt by weight.
The obtained normal asphalt content value was 5.35% and the optimum asphalt content was 5.60% of 100% concrete waste.
Marshall characteristic values include the variation in which stability, flow, density, VFA and VIM, i.e. 100% concrete waste and wetfix-be additives (1322.617 kg, 3.883 mm, 2.222 g / ml, 49.731%, 12.225%) are used. normal variation (998.23 kg, 3.311 mm, 2.455 g / mm, 77.519%, 3.672%).
According to the analysis results, the change of 100% concrete waste mixture and the addition of 0.25% wetfix-be have a good durability.
According to the research results on the use of concrete waste as a substitute for coarse aggregate and wetfix-be additives on the stability and durability of the AC-WC hot asphalt mix using Pertamina Pen 60/70 asphalt, Bandung State Polytechnic Laboratory is taken as follows:
1. Normal asphalt mix composition with an optimum asphalt content of 5.35%, using 100% natural aggregate and 0% concrete waste.
A variation mix using 100% concrete waste and 0% natural aggregate with an optimum asphalt concrete waste content of 5.6%.
2. Marshall properties of all variations in the mixture of KAO conditions, i.e. normal AC-WC variation, initial stability value 998.23 kg, flow value 3.311 mm, density value 2.455 g / ml followed by modified AC - 100% concrete waste and WC variation mix using 0.25% wetfix - 1322.617 kg stability value, 3.883 mm flow value, 2.222 g / ml density value.
Thus, the parameters of the hardness, strength and flexibility numbers of all mixture variations meet the requirements of the 2018 General Building Marga Specifications.
3. The resistance and endurance level of the mixture to the effects of water is subjected to a series of immersion periods of 30 minutes, 1 day (24 hours) and 2 days (48 hours). According to the analysis results, the change of 100% concrete waste mixture and the addition of 0.25% wetfix-be have a good durability.
This is due to the nature of wetfix-be to minimize the damage caused by water.
WORKING CAPACITY STUDY OF ASPHALT CONCRETE REPLACED WITH AN ADDITIVE WETFIX BE.
The problem of increasing the operational capacity of asphalt pavements is very urgent.
The practice of road construction shows the formation of marks and various defects and deformations on the asphalt surface after the start of the operation, one of the main reasons for this is the poor adhesion of the bitumen with a paving stone.
One of the solution methods applied is the addition of various modified additives in the organic astringent.
This article presents the results of the study of the basic physical, mechanical and operational properties of bitumen and asphalt concrete modified using the Wetfix BE adhesive additive.
Results
The article provides a theoretical review of ways to increase the deformation stability of asphalt surface at high temperatures proposed by the authors.
The results of the experimental studies have been shown according to the estimation of the effect of the adhesive additive Wetfix BE on the physical, mechanical and operational properties of bitumen SRC 60/70 and hot thick asphalt concrete BTN C12,5.
Results.
The results of the experimental research improved the bonding of an adhesive additive Wetfix BE bitumen with cobblestone.This makes it possible to conclude that the deformation stability of the asphalt surface increases at high temperatures. </p>
In order to increase the operational capacity of asphalt pavements, a significant positive effect has been detected on the bitumen mass by using the 0.2% adhesive additive Wetfix BE.
In 2008 we asked ourselves the question: How can we show the long-term effect of using Wetfix?
To demonstrate this, we did a durability study on the condition of 16-year-old asphalt treated with Wetfix.
Adhesion promoters based on our Wetfix amine surfactants have been used for many years to strengthen the bond between bitumen and aggregate in asphalt mixes and other bituminous applications.
Laboratory tests and anecdotal evidence from the field show that Wetfix is effective as an adhesion promoter, but long-term effectiveness is hard to verify in a harsh and measurable way.
Industry experts and customers rightly demand conclusive proof, so we conducted a study with Swedish authorities to verify Wetfix's long-term effectiveness.
Endurance study at Swedish airport The study was carried out in 2008 at the Swedish airport site, where asphalt was laid in 1992.
Rigorous laboratory testing during installation showed the need to incorporate our Wetfix product into the binder to meet durability specifications.
The ratio of hardness modulus at 10 ° C, termed ITSM ratio *, was determined before and after conditioning (10 x -20 / + 20 ° C freeze-thaw cycles and 5 days soaking at 60 ° C).
After 16 years, the cores were taken from the airport pavement and tested under exactly the same conditions as before.
The results in Figure 1 clearly show the initial gain in ITSM ratio achieved, and the same level of enhanced resistance to elements is still present after all years of service.
Therefore, this study provides clear evidence that amine adhesion accelerators strengthen the bond between bitumen and aggregate in the long term and significantly increase the durability of asphalt over its lifetime.
Adding a small amount of Wetfix adhesion enhancer to the binder at little extra cost to the formulation enables road builders to produce asphalt with longer durability and a longer life.
WETFIX BE
Heat Resistant Adhesion Promoter for Bituminous Binders
Application WETFIX BE is a specially designed liquid additive for hot mix asphalt where good heat stability is required.
WETFIX BE can be stored in hot bitumen at temperatures up to 170ºC for up to 5 days without any significant loss of activity.
Dosage The dosage of WETFIX BE depends on the type of bitumen and aggregate used. Normally it is added to the binder between 0.2% and 0.5%.
Passive adhesion
Over time, water can push bitumen away from an aggregate surface - this is called stripping.
Passive Adhesion Enhancers create a chemical bond between bitumen and aggregate, preventing the asphalt from stripping throughout its service life.
As an important binder in road constructions, the purpose of the asphalt binder is to permanently bind aggregates of different compositions and grain sizes.
The asphalt binder itself does not have proper adhesiveness, so after a while, bare grains may appear.
This results in the gradual separation of grains from an asphalt layer and the presence of pits in a pavement.
Adhesion promoters or adhesive agents are important and proven promoters in practice.
It is mainly substances based on fatty acids of polyamides that should increase the reliability of the bonding of asphalt binders to aggregates and thus increase the life of the asphalt mixture and its resistance to mechanical stress.
The amount of a promoter or agent added to the asphalt mix is negligible and makes up about 0.3% of the weight of the asphalt binder.
However, even this amount significantly increases the adhesive qualities of an asphalt binder.
The article was created in collaboration with the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovakia and focuses on proving the new AD2 adhesive additive and comparing it with the Addibit and Wetfix BE accelerators used in aggregates from Skuteč - Litická and Bystřec quarries.
During the asphalt mix production technology and road pavement construction, the bitumen binder is exposed to the effect of oxygen and oxidative aging of the bitumen occurs.
Bitumen changes manifest in hardening as a result of phenomena associated with evaporation and oxidation changes.
An organic and inorganic additive is added to improve the quality of bitumen and asphalt mixes.
Road damages commonly found in Indonesia include surface damage that occurs very early, as demonstrated by surface exfoliation, surface wheel marks, particle discharge, and cracks.
Based on a laboratory-scale study conducted at the Road and Bridge Research and Development Center in 2009, the local aggregates of Central Kalimantan at Lupu, Runtu and Bukit Sintang quarries generally meet the requirements of road pavement materials.
However, as part of asphalt mixes, these aggregates cannot meet the requirement as they only produce 80 percent asphalt-aggregate adhesion and Marshall's 40 percent stability index.
Up to 95 percent adhesion and a residual stability index of 90 percent require a specific type of additive.
This research was conducted in a laboratory using the Marshall method.
The aim of this research is to determine the properties of the surface layers of the HRS-WC mixture at optimum bitumen content levels.
The shell asphalt was used with 60/70 penetration, coarse aggregates and fillers from Hampangen (rock ash), fine aggregates from Tangkiling, and anti-scratch Wetfix Be additive.
The results showed that with the addition of Wetfix Be up to 0.2 percent, the optimum bitumen content for the asphalt concrete surface layer (HRS-WC) was 6.60 percent, Wetfix BE was 0.4 percent and the optimum bitumen content was 6.65 percent, and with Wetfix. The optimum bitumen content is 6.7 percent, from 0.6 to 0.8 percent.
The stability index indicates that the higher the Wetfix Be content, the lower the stability index. 1370 kg, the highest stability index, was obtained without adding Wetfix Be, while the lowest stability index was 1170 kg, 0.8 percent of the mixture Wetfix BE It is obtained by adding.
A series of mix void (VIM) tests without the addition of Wetfix BE resulted in 3.80 percent absolute density, and adding Wetfix Be to 0.8 percent of the mix resulted in 3.60 percent absolute density.
The results of the tests on the HRS-WC durability show that the stability index maintained without the addition of Wetfix Be is 86 percent and does not meet this requirement (ie 90 percent).
Adding 0.2 percent Wetfix Be increases this index to 91 percent, adding Wetfix Be 0.4 percent this index to 97 percent and Wetfix Be to 0.8 percent increases this index to 95 percent. .
This shows that the HRS-WC mix using local aggregates from Hampangen and Tangkiling sand requires a Wetfix Be additive to meet the durability requirements of the HRS-WC mix.
When the interaction between bitumen and aggregate is weakened by the effect of water, stripping of the asphalt mixture is achieved.
Identifying bitumen-aggregate pairs with higher adhesion is key to obtaining more scratch resistant coatings.
In order to investigate the adhesion and stripping processes in more detail, various bitumen and aggregate combinations were prepared and their compatibility with surface energy measurements were estimated.
In addition, the water sensitivity of the proposed bitumen-aggregate combinations was tested mechanically through the loss of the storage modulus of the samples exposed to water.
It has been found that the compatibility of water with bitumen and aggregate defines the mechanical behavior of the asphalt mixture.
One of the features of this study is the evaluation of the physicochemical properties of bitumen and aggregates, the effect of the given combinations on the striping sensitivity and the correlation with the field performance of an asphalt mix.
Keywords: bitumen-aggregate compatibility; moisture damage; asphalt mix; dynamic module; surface energy.
WETFIX BE prevents asphalt from stripping from aggregate.
Self
When the interaction between bitumen and aggregate is weakened by the effect of water, stripping of the asphalt mixture is achieved.
Identifying bitumen-aggregate pairs with higher adhesion is key to obtaining more scratch resistant coatings.
In order to investigate the adhesion and stripping processes in more detail, various bitumen and aggregate combinations were prepared and their compatibility with surface energy measurements were estimated.
In addition, the water sensitivity of the proposed bitumen-aggregate combinations was tested mechanically through the loss of the storage modulus of the samples exposed to water.
It has been found that the compatibility of water with bitumen and aggregate defines the mechanical behavior of the asphalt mixture.
One of the features of this study is the evaluation of the physicochemical properties of bitumen and aggregates, the effect of the given combinations on the striping sensitivity and the correlation with the field performance of an asphalt mix.
Wetfix be promoter suitable for a wide variety of applications, including soft bitumen mixes. Bitumen and aggregate type used in Wetfix Be dosage. Wetfix Be is normally added to the binder between 0.2% and 0.5%. Wetfix Be is a multi-purpose adhesive agent for use as bitumen, road oil and reduction binders with the advantages of thermal stability, liquidity and low volatility. The stability of Wetfix Be is hot, however, Wetfix Be depends on the bitumen acid value and the temperature of the bitumen. The requirements for the properties of bituminous binders are set in European standards. The physico-chemical behavior of bitumen depends on Wetfix Be is colloidal structure (asphaltenes dispersed in an oily matrix formed by saturated oils, aromatics and resins, which are mainly dependent on Wetfix Be is raw source and processing).
Wetfix be are evaluated by group composition, fundamental analysis, but more often conventional or functional tests. For road uses, bitumen is evaluated according to Wetfix Be is physical properties. In order to improve the qualitative properties of bitumen and asphalts, additives, eg. increase elasticity, increase heat stability, increase adhesion to aggregation, decrease viscosity, increase resistance to aging, prevent binder drainage from the aggregate surface, etc. The purpose of the presentation is to evaluate and compare the effect of additives on their properties. Bitumen binders. In paper, the results of bitumen properties, penetration, softening point and dynamic viscosity of bitumen 35/50, 50/70 and polymer modified bituminous PmB 45 / 80-75 were investigated. Application of selected additives .
Wetfix Be and CWM) to improve adhesion to aggregate and improve workability. The measurements of the goods were carried out according to the relevant European standards. Lab tests have shown that pavement grade bitumen 50/70 and 35/50 significantly increase the softening point between 13 and 45 ° C. Various additives have different effects on the bitumen softening point. Penetration depends on the type of bitumen and the additive used. The penetration values of the bitumen PmB 45 / 80-75 modified with the additives Sasobit and Licomont BS100 show an increase in bitumen hardness of 16 0.1mm and a slip in the transition. While calculating as the temperature sensitivity parameter in the penetration index, the changes in penetration and softening points are shown to a great extent. Additives changed the viscosity of the bitumen to lower values, mostly with modified bitumen. Viscosity increases in case of Wetfix Be mixture mixed with the additive in a ratio of 35/50. The additive changes the properties of the original bituminous binders, which can affect the properties of asphalt mixes and asphalt layers.
IUPAC NAME:
Dodecanol; Ethoxylated; Propoxylated Alcohols; Ethoxylated Propoxylated
TRADE NAME:
Greenbentin-SG/854/AG; ROKAnol L5P5 (PPG-5-Laureth-5); ROKAnol L4P5 (PPG-5-Laureth-4); (PPG-5-Laureth-5) - Rokanol L5P5; Alcohols C12-14 + EO/PO; Alcohols, C12-14 + 10 EO/PO
OTHER NAME:
1432446-63-3; 146239-50-1; 149175-82-6; 188132-64-1; 477567-86-5; 92228-88-1
Versatile product, Wetfix Be provides both active and passive adhesion and is used in a wide variety of asphalt mixes and spray applications. Wetfix Be is a concentrated product with low dosage and low processing costs. Performance is maintained after being stored in hot bitumen. The product does not contain solvents and has low volatility at hot mixing temperatures. The product has lower viscosity than other concentrated antistrips.Wetfix Be has the ability to hold up to 5 days without losing Wetfix Be is properties in hot bitum at -180 ° C. Wetfix Be is odorous and uncomfortable. Wetfix Be is used in a low proportion (two in one and one in). Wetfix Be is sheltered against UV rays. Minimizes water damage. Minimize cracks. The seat minimizes the sitting trace. Wetfix Be is excellent. Basalt, limestone, granite, andazite, grandiorite perfect match with the type of stone. Wetfix Be is used in 80 countries of the world including America. Because of Wetfix Be is ability to be applied at -20 ° C to 0 ° C, the bitumen is easily added even in cold weather.
They are introduced to the market after they are passed through the Indirect Tensile Test. All information concerning this product and/or all suggestions for handling and use contained herein are offered in good faith and are believed to be reliable. Surface Chemistry AB, however, makes no warranty as to the accuracy and/or sufficiency of such information and/or suggestions, as to the product's merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose, or that any suggested use will not infringe any patent. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as granting or extending any license under any patent. Buyer must determine for himself, by preliminary tests or otherwise, the suitability of this product for his purposes. This information contained herein supersedes all previously issued bulletins on the subject matter covered.
Wetfix Be Specifications total amine number160-185 mg HCl/g90 KL 0050Acid value<10 mg KOH/g90 KL 0051 ParameterLimitsMethodTypical DataFlash point218°CPour point< 0°CViscosity, 20°C800 cPAppearance, 20°Cbrown, viscous liquidDensity, 20°C980 kg/m³ Chemical and Physical dataTypical values Wetfix Be is a registered trademark in many countries. Storage & Handling Wetfix Be is delivered in steel drums (190 kg net) and intermediate bulk containers (900 kg net). The product is stable for a minimum of two years in Wetfix Be original closed container. Typical data are based on our own measurements or derived from the literature. They do not constitute part of the delivery specifications. Asphalt Applications Wetfix Be Application Liquid antistrip for hot-mix asphalt pavements. Advantages.
Wetfix Be meets the heat stability test requirements of state highway testing laboratories. Wetfix Be is a concentrated product with consequent low dosage level. Typical Dosage 0.25-1.0% by weight of asphalt is recommended, which should be determined in laboratory mix design tests. Wetfix Be is preferably added to the asphalt at the hot-mix plant by means of a specially designed injection system. Alternatively, the product can be incorporated into the asphalt by mechanical agitation, pump circulation of the storage tank, or by injection into the asphalt loading line followed by recirculation through the truck bypass system until properly mixed. Wetfix Be may be stored in carbon steel tanks. Bulk storage should be maintained at 10-40°C (50-105°F). Avoid heating above 65°C (150°F).
Wetfix Be contains amines and may cause severe irritation or burns to skin and eyes. Protective gloves and safety goggles must be used when handling this product. For further information, consult the Material Safety Data Sheet.
Packaging Information Wetfix Be is available in bulk shipments or in 55-gallon tight-head drums of 400 lbs. (181 kg) net weight. Wetfix Be all information concerning this product and/or suggestions for handling and use contained herein are offered in good faith and are believed to be reliable. however, makes no warranty as to the accuracy and/or sufficiency of such information and/or suggestions, as to the product's merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose, or that any suggested use will not infringe any patent. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as granting or extending any license under any patent. Buyer must determine for himself, by preliminary tests or otherwise, the suitability of this product for his purposes. The information contained herein supersedes all previously issued bulletins on the subject matter covered.
The world is evolving quickly and open innovation is helping Nouryon evolve right along with Wetfix Be. Through Imagine Chemistry we have formed several partnerships with startups whose exciting technologies are already starting to deliver value to our business."
The purpose of asphalt binder as a significant binder in road constructions is to permanently bind aggregates of different compositions and grain sizes. The asphalt binder Wetfix Be self does not have suitable adhesiveness, so after a period of time, bare grains can appear. This results in a gradual separation of the grains from an asphalt layer and the presence of potholes in a pavement. Adhesion promoters or adhesive agents are important and proven promoters in practice.
They are substances mainly based on the fatty acids of polyamides which should increase the reliability of the asphalt's binder adhesion to the aggregates, thus increasing the lifetime period of the asphalt mixture as well as Wetfix Be İs resistance to mechanical strain. The amount of a promoter or agent added to the asphalt mixture is negligible and constitutes about 0.3% of the asphalt's binder weight. Nevertheless, even this quantity significantly increases the adhesive qualities of an asphalt binder.
Wetfix Be is a significant building material used both in road constructions and for other building purposes. The first references to the use of this material date back to ancient history. Increases in Wetfix Be is use started at the beginning of the twentieth century with the rise of the petrochemical industry. Today, Wetfix Be is a commonly used material without which most road communications cannot be done. In the Czech Republic, 97% of the road communications contain asphalt surface wearing course. The asphalt layers of pavements comprise the upper construction of a non-solid pavement, which is directly exposed to the horizontal and tangential strain effects of vehicles. These effects are then shifted to other layers of the road construction. The top surface dressing (the abrasive/surface course) layer is directly exposed to atmospheric and climatic influences.
The pavement surface dressing should therefore be impermeable, even, and have adequate anti-slip qualities throughout Wetfix Be is lifetime so that safe, fast and comfortable ride is ensured. In order to meet these requirements, Wetfix Be is not only necessary to provide a suitable construction materialWhen a solid substance contacts another solid, liquid, or gas substance, there is an attractive interaction between the particles at the and adhesion of all the components of the asphalt mixture. The adhesion between the aggregates and asphalt binder belongs among the important factors that influence the durability of asphalt layers. Wetfix Be the interaction between the individual components of an asphalt mixture is dependent on the factors.
There are two types of adhesion of asphalt mixtures active and passive. Active adhesion between an asphalt binder and an aggregate occurs when the binder is able to move water from the wet surface of the aggregate. Passive adhesion is caused by external forces, e.g., increased pore pressure, and can be described as resistance to water penetrating into a system while using asphalt mixtures.
The most frequently seen and common examples of adhesion models that explain adhesion failures include pore pressure, displacement, infiltration, and boundary layer damage models.
These models rarely exist in isolation in practice; in most cases a combination of models occurs. Being affected by water is the one thing that these models have in common, because water is the main cause of adhesion failure, since water is a bipolar liquid. The double pole has a positive and negative charge, and the chemical bonds among the atoms make an angle of approximately 105°C. Water molecules are slightly attracted by the hydrophilic surface of the mineral (aggregate), so a saturation of the surface charges takes place. Wetfix Be in a gradual displacement of a non-polar asphalt binder from the surface of the aggregates. Further minor factors include the transport loads, temperature conditions, and quality of the binder and aggregate. A marginal factor is also the thickness of the binder layer on the aggregates. In an experimental study, Mondal et al (Mondal at. al., 2012) carried out tensile tests on the interface of the aggregates and asphalt binder in order to determine the effect of the thickness of the asphalt binder on the way the damage occurred.
The thickness of the asphalt film between the two polished aggregate surfaces ranged from 0.11 mm to 0.64 mm. A traction load was applied at 1 mm/min, and tests were carried out at 23°C. Wetfix Be was determined that the thickness of the asphalt binder does affect the adhesion and damages the bond between the aggregates and asphalt binder. With any increase in the thickness of the asphalt layer, the probability of the failure of the binder increases too.Adhesion promoters are chemicals that affect the interface between an organic polymer and an inorganic substrate and increase the adhesion between the two materials (Ebnesajjad, 2011). By changing the surface tension and reducing the viscosity, the asphalt binder F covers the surface of the aggregate better, which results in creating a strong bond (chemical bond) between the asphalt binder and aggregates.
Wetfix Be has been proved that silane-based adhesive additives promote the adhesion between organic and inorganic materials; furthermore, they extend their lifetime period in wet conditions (Cui at. al., 2014). The effectiveness of these promoters is attributed to the fact that they act as a chemical bridge, where one part of the molecule is attached to an aggregate and the other part is bound to the asphalt binder (Packham, 2005). There are also amine-based adhesion promoters, which consist of long hydrocarbon chains and amine functional groups. Hydrocarbon groups react with the asphalt binder and the aggregate reacts with the amine group, thereby increasing the aggregate wettability within the asphalt binder.
Cold mix asphalt (Wetfix Be) emulsion technology has been the subject of research for many decades due to Wetfix Be is proven environmental and economic benefits. However, issues relating to Wetfix Be is mechanical performance still need to be investigated in order to understand the breaking mechanisms of bitumen emulsions and the surface chemistry involved. Bitumen emulsions are designed to break in a controlled manner to achieve the required level of performance for producing good quality cold asphalt mixtures. In this work, experiments on the coalescence of two bitumen droplets were carried out on a selected grade of Nynas bitumen. In an emulsion environment, the cohesion between bitumen droplets as well as their adhesion to a mineral surface was investigated. The cohesion and adhesion properties were analyzed by varying selected surfactant types and adhesion promoters in the water phase.
Wetfix Be the research showed that the presence of emulsifiers (with concentrations above the critical micelle concentration) in the water phase inhibits the adhesion of bitumen droplets to the mineral surface. However, a very small addition (0.02%) of adhesion promoter reverses the situation completely, and adhesion is dominant rather than cohesion. Moreover, the kinetics of the coalescence process is strongly controlled by the water phase temperature.Cold mix asphalt Wetfix Be emulsion technology has been the subject of research for many decades due to Wetfix Be is proven environmental and economic benefits. Wetfix Be is usually produced by mixing bitumen emulsions (bitumen/water) or foamed bitumen (bitumen/air/water) with unheated minerals/aggregates at ambient temperatures. Due to Wetfix Be is lower emissions and energy consumption, the demand for bitumen emulsion is growing in the market. Bitumen emulsions are produced by mixing hot bitumen and a water phase containing emulsifying agents using a very high shear force to disperse the bitumen into small droplets.
Wetfix be are versatile, being used for road construction and maintenance. They are also used in spray applications such as surface dressing or chip seal, fog seal, tack and prime coat, slurry or micro surfacing and cold mix paving, which is potentially the largest application area for bitumen emulsions. The mechanisms for bitumen emulsion stability are governed by intermolecular forces (a result of a balance of repulsive and attractive forces). Wetfix Be the correct formulation of bitumen emulsions requires skills and basic knowledge about surface chemistry and physics to understand the intermolecular force balance that will guarantee better performance.
Developing a suitable emulsion formulation requires the selection of the right type of emulsifier and additives, suitable for the intended aggregate type, bitumen type and expected climate conditions. Surface active agents (generally referred to as surfactants or emulsifiers) are essential ingredients in the formulation of any dispersal system.
An emulsifier acts as a surface active agent that concentrates at the interphase region between two immiscible liquids such as oil and water. They are amphipathic molecules consisting of two parts, a polar head which is hydrophilic and a long carbon chain which is nonpolar lipophilic. Wetfix Be carbon chain can be a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain containing approximately 8 - 18 carbon atoms, which are attached to a polar or ionic part (hydrophilic). The hydrophilic part can be non-ionic, ionic, or zwitterionic (amphoteric), accompanied by counter ions in the last two cases. Wetfix Be the hydrocarbon chain interacts weakly with the water molecules in an aqueous environment, whereas the polar or ionic head group interacts strongly with water molecules through dipole or ion-dipole interactions. Emulsions have been classified in several ways, for example based on particle size (micro or macro emulsions), size distribution (mono/poly-dispersed), and concentrations (dilute, semidilute or concentrated) as well as according to surfactant molecule (anionic, cationic or nonionic).
Wetfix be lies in the macro emulsion category with a typical droplet size range of 1 - 20 µm, and can be stabilized using anionic, cationic, or in some special cases non-ionic emulsifiers. Anionic emulsifiers used for bitumen emulsification are usually fatty acids, alkyl sulfates or sulfonates, which ionize in aqueous solutions to provide negatively charged organic ions that generate surface activity. Wetfix Be the use of anionic emulsifiers started in the late 1920s and, after three decades of development, cationic emulsifiers have changed the bitumen emulsion market drastically and become the most widely used; they are currently very common in road construction applications. Cationic emulsifiers ionize in aqueous solution and provide organic ions with positive charges that are responsible for surface activity.
They are usually fatty amines and their derivatives (primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary and many others). Wetfix Be is firmly believed by the road pavement industry that the amine-based additives improve adhesion, workability and also function as anti-stripping agents. Non-ionic emulsifiers are different from the other two types. These surfactant molecules do not ionize in aqueous solution but part of their molecule has a high affinity for water. Wetfix Be on an industrial scale, they represent the main category of surfactant produced throughout the world, but their use in bitumen emulsion applications is limited. The most typical examples and molecular structures of the abovementioned surfactants are shown in.
Furthermore, amphoteric surface active agents ionize in aqueous solution to provide organic ions that are either positively charged at acidic pH with cationic polarity, or negatively charged at a basic pH with anionic polarity. Due to environmental concerns and economic reasons, the demand for this class of surfactant is growing the most rapidly of all of them. In our previous work, we calculated the bond of adhesion in dry and wet conditions by measuring the surface free energies (SFEs) of both bitumen and minerals. In that work, the Wetfix Be of bitumen with/without adhesion promoters were evaluated in two different ways. In the first method, adhesion agents were added directly to the hot bitumen, whereas in the second method, these additives were added first to the water phase and then bitumen samples were stored in that water phase for approximately two days.
Wetfix Be results for bitumen with adhesion promoters revealed that the surface polarity of the bitumen samples was dramatically enhanced when stored in the water phase containing emulsifier and adhesion agents. Due to the enhanced polar component of Wetfix Be, bond of adhesion calculations showed that there were improvements in the bond strength even in the wet conditions.
However, we did not investigate actual contact between the bitumen and the mineral surface in the presence of water containing those additives. So we developed a new test procedure to investigate bitumen droplet coalescence and their adhesion on a mineral surface. This paper aims to bridge the gap between the fundamental adhesion theory of asphalt and practical emulsionaggregate systems. First, in the following section, the mechanisms of these processes are addressed in more detail. Apart from the storage and transport stability requirements, the central property of bitumen emulsion is Wetfix Be is ability to break or rupture in contact with minerals/aggregates.
There are several breaking mechanisms which have been proposed in the literature, but the setting process of bitumen emulsions is a complex process which is still not fully understood. Wetfix Be the most important breaking mechanism is the absorption of emulsifiers on the surface of the stone, depleting the water phase of emulsifiers and causing the bitumen emulsion to break. However, other mechanisms have also been discussed in the literature, such as the porous and reactive surfaces of aggregates extracting the water from bitumen emulsions and leading to breakage. Heteroflocculation and coagulation must take place within the desired time and at the right location. In the heteroflocculation process, wetfix be form clusters around the solid mineral particles before coalescence on the solid surface. In the coagulation stage, wetfix be coalesce on the stone surface.
Wetfix be phase separates out and a layer of bitumen coats the aggregate surface. Coalescence is the last stage in the breaking process of bitumen emulsions in which droplets merge into bigger ones. As illustrated in Fig. 2a, during coalescence, pairs or groups of droplets approach each other with negligible initial velocities, ouch and form tiny contact bridges due to Van der Waals interactions. Wetfix Be the bridge contact Khan, Redelius, Kringos length, rb, quickly expands under the influence of interfacial stress, finally resulting in complete fusion of small droplets into increasingly larger ones. This work could be significant because the breaking and coalescence mechanisms in bitumen emulsions have not yet been fully understood. In this experimental study, we have tried to address the practical issues related to the coating of a stone surface by bitumen in the presence of water. We believe that this work will contribute to the filling of the research gap between the fundamental adhesion theory of asphalt and practical emulsion-aggregate systems. The following sections of the paper describe a methodology, the experiment Wetfix Be self and the results. Then the research work is summarized, based on the experimental results, and conclusions are drawn.
In this work, we have improved our previously used "bitumen droplet coalescence test set-up", in order to visualize and characterize the coalescence of bitumen droplets and their adhesion to a mineral surface in an emulsion environment. Wetfix Be the details of the test set-up and experimental design of the bitumen droplet relaxation test have been described in the previous study. Wetfix Be the test set-up consists of a camera and a light source as shown in. There is a rectangular glass container with optically transparent walls placed in the middle, which is horizontally aligned and in the focus of a light source and a camera at two ends. Two metallic L-shaped probes with flexible vertical position settings are placed parallel to the glass container. At the bottom where the glass container is placed, there is a Peltier heating panel which is connected to a water bath.
There are additional humidity and temperature sensors attached to the climate chamber which is placed over a glass container and metallic probes. A polished mineral sample was placed at the bottom of a glass container that was filled with the water phase soap solution (with/without additives). Wetfix Be the composition of the aqueous phase was similar to that usually prepared for manufacturing bitumen emulsions, and contains selective additives e.g. emulsifiers, salt and acid or base for pH adjustment. Bitumen droplets of 1 - 2 mm diameter were attached to the L-shaped probes and placed in a water phase for pre-conditioning. Wetfix Be there was no compression force applied while bringing the two droplets into contact; however, the two droplets were positioned close enough that they touched each other. A similar approach was used to study the coalescence of two droplets on a mineral surface where three point contacts were required, for instance, contact between two droplets, first droplet with mineral surface, and second droplet with mineral surface.
Experimental set-up for studying the coalescence of bitumen droplets, and b) bitumen droplets formed on a silicone mold. Bitumen samples were heated in an oven to form a flowing liquid (160 to 180 o C, depending on bitumen grade) then droplets of various diameters were formed on the surface of a siliconepad (which provides a non-stick surface for bitumen) using a syringe and needles of appropriate sizes. After Wetfix Be this, the mold and bitumen droplets were placed in a freezer at -20 o C for 2 - 3 hours to stabilize their shapes. After retaining a certain stiffness and the droplet shape, bitumen droplets were removed from the silicone pad with the help of small tweezers and attached to the L-shaped hooks to pre-condition them in water before starting the coalescence experiments. Wetfix Be the coalescence experiments were carried out in the water phase soap solutions when droplets reached the selected temperatures. Relaxation of bitumen droplets can be defined as a three step process as shown in.
Wetfix Be the first step is usually called pre-relaxation, where bitumen droplets are placed in a water phase for some time to retain their circular shape. This step is also called the pre-conditioning step. In the second step, actual relaxation or coalescence of bitumen droplets starts where two bitumen droplets merge into a single one. In the last step, the relaxed droplet is retained in a water phase to note any change in Wetfix Be is shape. If the droplet does not relax further in the post relaxation process, then the experiment is stopped and the time of relaxation is noted which is the last step of relaxation.Different stages in the relaxation process of bitumen droplets in water phase. The process of droplets coalescing when brought together was filmed with a video camera.
To follow the contraction kinetics, images recorded at regular time intervals were analyzed using standard image processing software (Image J). The dimensions of fusing two bitumen drops in the horizontal and vertical axial directions at time t were measured. Then coalescence times were determined from the images and used to assess the effects, on the process, of variables such as binder grades, bitumen droplet sizes, test temperatures, types of emulsifiers in the water phase (soap solution), additives (salts at various concentrations and adhesion promoters), soap solution pH and other organic solvents.
Wetfix Be the shape relaxation process causes a gradual decrease in the axial length L(t), being a line joining the droplets' centers. Wetfix Be the contraction process was determined using the anisotropy factor p(t) which is defined as; p(t) = H(t)/L(t), where H(t) is the length of the contact bridge between two drops and perpendicular to the axial length L(t).In the case of two drops with different sizes, the initial anisotropy ratios po will not be the same. We determined the normalized anisotropy where the initial radii of the two drops were denoted R and ßR with ß ? 1. The normalized anisotropy can be calculated as {1-p(t)}/{1-p0}. For complete relaxation, two droplets must merge into a unique spherical droplet; however, in this case, a complete fusion of two bitumen droplets was observed for a H/L ratio of 0.8.
In asphalt mixtures, the bitumen-aggregate adhesion has always been an issue when moisture is present. Specifically, in Wetfix Be, water could be the most dominant factor affecting the bond of adhesion between bitumen and aggregates as water molecules are always in competition with the bitumen molecules to displace each other from the aggregate surface. Wetfix Be this, of course, can be linked to the activity of the stone surface in terms of bonding with bitumen in the presence of water. Also, in the breaking behavior of bitumen-in-water emulsions, an important factor to understand is the water push out and wetting of the stone surface by bitumen. For these reasons, an experiment was developed based on the flow chart of experimental design factors as shown in.
In this work, an emulsion grade of unaged and unmodified straight run Nynas bitumen with penetration grade 70/100 was used for the droplet relaxation experiment, at two differenttemperatures of water phase with selective additives.
The water phase soap solutions were prepared using cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants with selected concentrations. The cohesion between bitumen drops, as well as their adhesion to the mineral surface (granite), were analyzed with varying selected surfactant types and adhesion promoters in the water phase soap solution. Wetfix Be the presence of surfactants or surface active molecules at the interface also changes the surface tension, and their variation in concentration gives rise to surface tension gradients. Moreover, the contraction or expansion of the interface may also affect concentrations of surfactants, which leads to variations in surface tension. In the early stages of coalescence, during neck opening, droplet interfaces contract and if emulsifiers are present then such interface shrinkage will increase their concentration, thereby reducing surface tension. However, if surfactant concentrations are already high, above the critical micelle concentration (CMC), further increases (or small variations in surface area) will have very small effects on the surface tension.
The water phases shown in Fig. 10 consist of soap solutions with emulsifiers A – D as well as some additional emulsifiers (E - G) and selected adhesion promoters such as diamine OLBS, Wetfix Be and Wetfix Be. Table 2 shows the concentrations of selected emulsifiers in the water phase at a given pH. The concentrations of selected emulsifiers in the water phase at a given pH. The surface tensions of the water phases containing additives were measured using the Wilhelmy plate method at ambient temperature. Wetfix Be can be seen in Fig. 10 that the surface tensions of the water phases changed with different functionality of the surfactant molecules as well as salt addition. urface tensions of selected aqueous phase compositions measured at ambient temperature using the Wilhelmy Plate method. The coalescence of bitumen droplets as a function of the interfacial tensions (IFTs) of the water phases is plotted in, as measured using the Wilhelmy Plate technique.
The study shows a weak correlation between the kinetics of bitumen droplet coalescence and the IFTs. Moreover, adding adhesion promoters to the water phase containing emulsifiers reduced Wetfix Be. in all cases. For instance, in the case of a water phase containing surfactant A (R-tallow diamine), adding diamine OLBS resulted in a greater decrease in IFT than adding Wetfix Be and ;. However, in the case of surfactant B (R-tallow diamine ethoxylate), adding diamine OLBS and Wetfix Be reduced the IFT at the same level. In contrast, adding Wetfix Be yielded a very small decrease in IFT. This small reduction in IFTs of water phases due to addition of adhesion promoters may prolong the coalescence process. However, the surface activity of these soap solutions showed a little effect on the coalescence process.
Requirements for properties of bituminous binders are determined in the European standards. The physico-chemical behaviour of bitumen depends on Wetfix Be is colloidal structure (asphaltenes dispersed into an oily matrix constituted by saturates, aromatics and resins) that depends primarily on Wetfix Be is crude source and processing. Bitumen properties are evaluated by group composition, elementary analysis, but more often conventional or functional tests. Bitumen for road uses is assessed according to the physical characteristics. For the purpose of improving the qualitative properties of bitumen and asphalts the additives are applied e.g. to increase elasticity, improving the heat stability, improving adhesion to aggregate, to decrease viscosity, increasing the resistance to aging, to prevent binder drainage from the aggregate surface, etc.
Wetfix Be the objective of presented paper is to assess and compare effect of additives on properties of bitumen binders. In paper, the results of bitumen properties, penetration, softening point, and dynamic viscosity of two paving grade bitumen 35/50, 50/70 and polymer modified bitumen PmB 45/80-75 are analyzed and also the changes of these properties by the application of selected additives (Sasobit, Licomont BS100, Wetfix Be and CWM) to improve adhesion to aggregate and improve workability. Measurements of properties have been performed according to the relevant European standards. The laboratory tests showed significantly increasing the softening point of paving grade bitumen 50/70 and 35/50 by 13 to 45°C. The effect of various additives on bitumen softening point is different. Penetration varies according to type of bitumen and type of used additive. The penetration values of modified bitumen PmB 45/80-75 with additives Sasobit and Licomont BS100 show increase of bitumen stiffness of 16 0.1mm and a shift in the gradation.
The changes in penetration and in softening point significantly shown when calculating on Penetration index as a parameter of temperature susceptibility. The additives changed the viscosity of bitumen to lower values mostly with modified bitumen. In case of the additive Wetfix Be mix in 35/50caused the viscosity increase. The additive changes the properties of original bituminous binders, and that can affect the properties of asphalt mixtures and asphalt layers.Prevalent part of the road infrastructure is built with asphalt mixes. However, similarly to any other built structure, also asphalt pavements change their properties and performance with time.
