PRODUCTS

XYLITOL

CAS NO.: 87-99-0
EC/LIST NO.: 201-788-0

Xylitol is a chemical compound with the formula C5H12O5, or HO(CH2)(CHOH)3(CH2)OH; specifically, one particular stereoisomer with that structural formula.
Xylitol is a colorless or white crystalline solid that is soluble in water.
Xylitol can be classified as a polyalcohol and a sugar alcohol, specifically an alditol.
The name derives from Ancient Greek: ξύλον, xyl[on], "wood", with the suffix -itol used to denote sugar alcohols.

Xylitol is used as a food additive and sugar substitute. Its European Union code number is E967.
Replacing sugar with xylitol in food products may promote better dental health, but evidence is lacking on whether xylitol itself prevents dental cavities.

Xylitol was grown by German French chemists in the 19th and the food industry began to be used in 1960.
Xylitol is a sweetener that is used to feed in the country Russia, such as the country where Russia lives.
Intended for use in unlimited quantities in the United States for the purpose of utilizing food ingredients.

Xylitol was accepted as a no-xylitol sweetener in 1983 by JECFA, a branch of WHO (World Health Organization) and FAO, and has been used until now.

Xylitol isn't exactly sugar.
Sweeteners such as sorbitol, other glucose or fructose consist of 6 carbons, while xylitol consists of 5 carbons.

Hemicellulose is hydrolyzed, formula C5H12O5 DKylose is produced.
If dxylose is obtained, xylitol is obtained.

Xylitol is in the form of white crystals and has a pleasant minty flavor.
Xylitol has no effect.

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol, which is a type of carbohydrate and does not actually contain alcohol.
Xylitol occurs naturally in small amounts in fibrous fruits and vegetables, trees, corncobs, and even the human body.

Manufacturers use xylitol as a sugar substitute because its sweetness is comparable with that of table sugar but with fewer calories.

Xylitol is a common ingredient in many products, from sugar-free chewing gum to toothpaste.
People also use xylitol as a table-top sweetener and in baking.

In this article, we look at the uses and potential health benefits of xylitol.
We also cover its side effects, drug interactions, dosage, and alternatives

Xylitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from XYLOSE by reduction of the carbonyl group.
Xylitol is as sweet as sucrose and used as a noncariogenic sweetener.

Xylitol is a substance classified as a sugar alcohol (or polyalcohol).

Sugar alcohols are like hybrids of a sugar molecule and an alcohol molecule.
Their structure gives them the ability to stimulate sweet taste receptors on the tongue.

Xylitol is found in small amounts in many fruits and vegetables and is therefore considered natural.
Humans produce small amounts through normal metabolism.

Xylitol is a product that is frequently used in chewing gums, chocolate candy, candy, mint, diabetes-friendly foods and oral care products.

Chewing gum with artificial sweetener containing xylitol also helps mechanical teeth cleaning;
Xylitol also stops the growth of caries-forming bacteria thanks to artificial sugars.

Because xylitol (xylitol) is a refined sweetener, it does not contain any vitamins, minerals or protein.
In that sense, they are empty calories.

Xylitol can be processed from trees such as birch, but it can also be produced by an industrial process that converts a plant fiber called xylan into Xylitol.

Although sugar alcohols are technically carbohydrates, most do not raise blood sugar levels and are therefore used as popular sweeteners in "low-fat" products and do not count as "net" carbohydrates.

One of the negative effects of added sugar (and high fructose corn syrup) is that it can raise blood sugar and insulin levels.

Due to its high fructose amount, it can cause insulin resistance and all kinds of metabolic problems when consumed excessively.

Xylitol contains zero fructose and has negligible effects on blood sugar and insulin.

Xylitol is a naturally occurring alcohol found in most plant material, including many fruits and vegetables.
Xylitol is extracted from birch wood to make medicine.

Xylitol is widely used as a sugar substitute and in "sugar-free" chewing gums, mints, and other candies.
However, sorbitol is the most commonly used sweetener in sugarless gums because it is less expensive than xylitol and easier to make into commercial products.

People use xylitol to prevent cavities.
Xylitol is also used to prevent tooth plaque and ear infection (otitis media), and for many other uses, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

Dog owners should know that xylitol can be toxic to dogs, even when the relatively small amounts from candies are eaten.
If your dog eats a product that contains xylitol, it is important to take the dog to a veterinarian immediately.

Xylitol is categorized as a sugar alcohol.

Chemically, sugar alcohols combine traits of sugar molecules and alcohol molecules.
Their structure allows them to stimulate the taste receptors for sweetness on your tongue.

Xylitol is found in small amounts in many fruits and vegetables and is therefore considered natural.
Humans even produce small quantities of it via normal metabolism.

Xylitol is a common ingredient in sugar-free chewing gums, candies, mints, diabetes-friendly foods and oral-care products.

Xylitol has a similar sweetness as regular sugar but contains 40% fewer calories:

Table sugar: 4 calories per gram
Xylitol: 2.4 calories per gram
Store-bought xylitol appears as a white, crystalline powder.

Since xylitol is a refined sweetener, it doesn’t contain any vitamins, minerals or protein.
In that sense, it provides only empty calories.

Xylitol can be processed from trees like birch or from a plant fiber called xylan .

Even though sugar alcohols are technically carbohydrates, most of them do not raise blood sugar levels and thereby don’t count as net carbs, making them popular sweeteners in low-carb products .

Though the word “alcohol” is part of its name, it’s not the same alcohol that makes you drunk.
Sugar alcohols are safe for people with alcohol addictions

One of the low-calorie sugar alcohols.
Xylitol is the alcohol form of xylose.
Taking the sweetness value of sucrose as 1, xylitol has a sweetness level of 0.82.
Xylitol leaves a cool taste in the mouth.
Xylitol is stable below 160 o C and in the pH range of 2-10.
Xylitol has a very high moisture absorbing feature and water solubility.
Xylitol can be absorbed at a rate of 1/5 compared to glucose.
Xylitols energy value is 3.3-3.9 kcal/g.
The glycemia and insulinemia response to this sugar was found to be low in healthy people and diabetic patients.

Xylitol is a naturally occurring substance that is widely used as a sugar substitute.
Chemically, it is a sugar alcohol, and is found naturally in berries, plums, corn, oats, mushrooms, lettuce, trees, and some other fruits.

Commercially, most xylitol is extracted from corn fiber or birch trees.
Although it has been used as a sugar substitute for decades, its popularity has increased dramatically in the last decade due to its low glycemic index and dental plaque fighting properties.

Xylitol is a natural sugar alcohol that helps prevents cavities.
You may recognize other sugar alcohols used in sugarless products, such as mannitol and sorbitol.
Xylitol is the sugar alcohol that shows the greatest promise for cavity prevention.
Xylitol is equal in sweetness and volume to sugar and the granular form can be used in many of the ways that sugar is used, including to sweeten cereals and hot beverages and for baking (except when sugar is needed for yeast to rise)

Xylitol is a natural substance that can be found in a variety of fruits and vegetables.
Some of the most common Xylitol- rich foods include: berries, mushrooms, corns, and lettuces.
Study results indicate that 4-20 grams of Xylitol each day, divided into three or more helpings, can reduce tooth decay and cavities by as much as 70%.
As a point of reference, a single cup of berries contains a little less than one gram of Xylitol.

Xylitol can be difficult to encourage children (especially toddlers) to consistently eat four or more cups of fruit or vegetables each day.
For this reason, Xylitol is also available as a sugar substitute, a gum, and as a concentrate in numerous health foods.
No other sugar substitute has been shown to benefit young teeth in the same way.

Xylitol should be noted that excessive Xylitol consumption does not provide “more” tooth protection.
Sticking to the recommended daily amount is enough to enhance other cavity-reduction efforts, and the effects will last well into the future.

Xylitol is an all-natural alternative to sugar.
The substance derives from the fibres of plants and can be extracted from a variety of vegetation including berries, mushrooms, birch bark and corn husks.
Xylitol’s also produced in our body naturally.
Xylitols flavour is as sweet as conventional sucrose sugar, but it has only two thirds the calorie count.
Pure xylitol comes in white crystals and looks and tastes like ordinary granulated sugar.
Xylitol has been traditionally used in chewing gums, toothpastes and mouthwash as it has a strong sweetening effect but no aftertaste.
From the late 2000s there has been a push to consume it instead of sugar, and its white granular form means it can be used sprinkled or in place of traditional sugar in cooking and baking in the exact same quantity.

Xylitol is a naturally occurring alcohol found in most plant material, including many fruits and vegetables.
Xylitol is extracted from birch wood to make medicine.

As a medicine, xylitol is used to prevent middle ear infections (otitis media) in young children, and as a sugar substitute for people with diabetes.

Xylitol is added to some chewing gums and other oral care products to prevent tooth decay and dry mouth.

Xylitol is sometimes included in tube feeding formulas as a source of energy.

Xylitol tastes sweet but, unlike sugar, it is not converted in the mouth to acids that cause tooth decay.
Xylitol reduces levels of decay-causing bacteria in saliva and also acts against some bacteria that cause ear infections.

Xylitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol that is obtained through the diet.
Xylitol is not endogenously produced by humans.
Xylitol is used as a diabetic sweetener which is roughly as sweet as sucrose with 33% fewer calories.
Xylitol is naturally found in many fruits (strawberries, plums, raspberries) and vegetables (e.g. cauliflower).
Because of fruit and vegetable consumption the human body naturally processes 15 grams of xylitol per day.
Xylitol can be produced industrially starting from primary matters rich in xylan which is hydrolyzed to obtain xylose.
Xylitol is extracted from hemicelluloses present in the corn raids, the almond hulls or the barks of birch (or of the by-products of wood: shavings hard, paper pulp).
Of all polyols, it is the one that has the sweetest flavor (it borders that of saccharose).
Xylitol gives a strong refreshing impression, making xylitol an ingredient of choice for the sugarless chewing gum industry.
In addition to his use in confectionery, it is used in the pharmaceutical industry for certain mouthwashes and toothpastes and in cosmetics (creams, soaps, etc.).
Xylitol is produced starting from xylose, the isomaltose, by enzymatic transposition of the saccharose (sugar).
Xylitol is not metabolized by cariogenic (cavity-causing) bacteria and gum chewing stimulates the flow of saliva; as a result, chewing xylitol gum may prevent dental caries.
Chewing xylitol gum for 4 to 14 days reduces the amount of dental plaque.
The reduction in the amount of plaque following xylitol gum chewing within 2 weeks may be a transient phenomenon.
Chewing xylitol gum for 6 months reduced mutans streptococci levels in saliva and plaque in adults (PMID:17426399 , 15964535 ).
Studies have also shown xylitol chewing gum can help prevent acute otitis media (ear aches and infections) as the act of chewing and swallowing assists with the disposal of earwax and clearing the middle ear, while the presence of xylitol prevents the growth of bacteria in the eustachian tubes.
Xylitol is well established as a life-threatening toxin to dogs.
The number of reported cases of xylitol toxicosis in dogs has significantly increased since the first reports in 2002.
Dogs that have ingested foods containing xylitol (greater than 100 milligrams of xylitol consumed per kilogram of bodyweight) have presented with low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), which can be life-threatening

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol.
Xylitol occurs naturally in foods like berries, lettuce, corn and more.
Xylitol’s often extracted from corn fibers and certain trees for commercial use as a sugar substitute.
Although it has been around for decades, xylitol has grown in popularity because it’s low calorie and has a low glycemic index, making it safe for diabetics.
Xylitol may also offer dental benefits by minimizing plaque formation and stimulating saliva production, thereby reducing the risk of cavities.

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol that is a type of carbohydrate and does not actually contain alcohol.
Xylitol is naturally found in small amounts in fibrous fruits and vegetables, trees, corncobs, and even the human body.

Manufacturers use xylitol as a sugar substitute because its sweetness is comparable to table sugar, but it has fewer calories.

Xylitol is a common ingredient in many products, from sugar-free gum to toothpaste.
People also use xylitol as a table sweetener and in baking.

In this article, we look at the uses and potential health benefits of xylitol.
We also cover side effects, drug interactions, dosage, and alternatives.

Sugar rationing during World War II led to an interest in sugar substitutes.
Interest in xylitol and other polyols became intense, leading to their characterization and manufacturing methods.

Xylitol occurs naturally in small amounts in plums, strawberries, cauliflower, and pumpkin; humans and many other animals make trace amounts during metabolism of carbohydrates.
Unlike most sugar alcohols, xylitol is achiral.
Most other isomers of pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol are chiral, but xylitol has a plane of symmetry.

Industrial production starts with lignocellulosic biomass from which xylan is extracted; raw biomass materials include hardwoods, softwoods, and agricultural waste from processing maize, wheat, or rice.
The xylan polymers can be hydrolyzed into xylose, which is catalytically hydrogenated into xylitol.
The conversion changes the sugar (xylose, an aldehyde) into the primary alcohol, xylitol. Impurities are then removed.

The processing is often done using standard industrial methods; industrial fermentation involving bacteria, fungi, or yeast, especially Candida tropicalis, are common, but are not as efficient.

According to the US Department of Energy, xylitol production by fermentation from discarded biomass is one of the most valuable renewable chemicals for commerce, forecast to be a US$1.4 billion industry by 2025.

Identification Meets requirements
Appearance White crystalline
Assay (%) : 98.5 min.
Melting Point (°C) : 92.0 – 96.0
Loss on drying (%) : 0.20 max.
Reducing sugar (%) : 0.20 max.
Other Polyols (%) : 1.0 max.
Heavy metals (ppm) : 5 max.
Arsenic (ppm) : 0.5 max.
Chloride (ppm) : 50 max.
Sulfate (ppm) : 50 max.
Lead (ppm) : 0.3 max.
pH : 5.0 – 7.0
Residue on ignition (%) : 0.10 max.
Nickel (ppm) : 1 max.
Total plate count (cfu/g) : ≤1000

Xylitol is manufactured into a white powder that looks and tastes similar to sugar.
In many countries it has been approved for use in oral care products, pharmaceuticals, and as a food additive.
Over recent years, the number and types of products that contain xylitol has greatly increased.
Example products include sugar-free gum, candies, breath mints, baked goods, peanut butter, pudding snacks, cough syrup, chewable or gummy vitamins, and supplements or over the counter medications, mouthwash, and toothpaste.
Xylitol is also showing up in over-the-counter nasal sprays, skin care products, laxatives, digestive aids, allergy medicines, dry mouth lozenges, sleep supplements, as well as prescription human medications, especially those formulated as quick dissolve tablets or liquids.

Xylitol is found most often in chewing gum and mints.
You must look at the list of ingredients to know if a product contains xylitol.
Generally, for the amount of xylitol to be at decay-preventing levels, it must be listed as the first ingredient.
Health food stores can be a good resource for xylitol containing products.
Additionally, several companies provide xylitol products for distribution over the Internet.

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol that can be produced artificially as well as being found in some fruits and vegetables in nature.
Xylitol is very similar to sugar.
Although some people say that it is harmful due to the alcoholic cellulose in it, there are also people who think that it should be consumed because of the benefits it provides.

Xylitol can be taken into the body by the consumption of natural foods as well as the consumption of artificially produced substances.
Some of the fruits and vegetables that contain xylitol are foods such as bananas, plums, mushrooms and cauliflower.
Apart from this, according to researches, it has been found that our body produces xylitol at a certain rate.

The combination of many factors increases susceptibility to childhood tooth decay and cavities.
These factors include: oral care habits, diet, carbohydrate consumption, sucrose consumption, salivary flow rate, and tooth resistance to plaque.

More specifically, harmful oral bacteria feed on sugars and carbohydrates, producing acids.
When sugary foods are consumed, these acids attack and destroy vulnerable tooth enamel.
Xylitol works to neutralize the acids, reducing enamel destruction, and minimizing the threat of cavities in the process.
Xylitol also stimulates saliva production, meaning that food particles, plaque and bacteria are continually removed from the teeth.
When used in combination with fluoride, Xylitol works to remineralize teeth, protecting tooth enamel and minimizing new cavity formation.

Xylitol is used as a sugar substitute in such manufactured products as drugs, dietary supplements, confections, toothpaste, and chewing gum, but is not a common household sweetener.
Xylitol has negligible effects on blood sugar because it is metabolized independently of insulin.
Xylitol is approved as a food additive in the United States.

Xylitol is also found as an additive to saline solution for nasal irrigation and has been reported to be effective in improving symptoms of chronic sinusitis.

Nutrition, taste, and cooking
Humans absorb xylitol more slowly than sucrose, and xylitol supplies 40% fewer calories than an equal mass of sucrose.

Xylitol has about the same sweetness as sucrose, but is sweeter than similar compounds like sorbitol and mannitol.

Xylitol is stable enough to be used in baking, but because xylitol and other polyols are heat stable, they do not caramelise as sugars do.
When used in foods, they lower the freezing point of the mixture.

Food risks
No serious health risk exists in most humans for normal levels of consumption; The European Food Safety Authority has not set a limit on daily intake of xylitol.
Due to the adverse laxative effect that all polyols have on the digestive system in high doses, xylitol is banned from soft drinks in the European Union.
Similarly due to a 1985 report, by the E.U. Scientific Committee on Food, stating that "ingesting 50 g a day of xylitol can cause diarrhea", tabletop sweeteners containing xylitol are required to display the warning: "Excessive consumption may induce laxative effects".

Metabolism
Xylitol has 2.4 kilocalories of food energy per gram of xylitol (10 kilojoules per gram) according to U.S. and E.U. food-labeling regulations.
The real value can vary, depending on metabolic factors.

Primarily, the liver metabolizes absorbed xylitol.
The main metabolic route in humans occurs in cytoplasm, via nonspecific NAD-dependent dehydrogenase (polyol dehydrogenase), which transforms xylitol to D-xylulose.
Specific xylulokinase phosphorylates it to D-xylulose-5-phosphate.
This then goes to pentose phosphate pathway for further processing.

About 50% of eaten xylitol is absorbed via the intestines.
Of the remaining 50% that is not absorbed by the intestines, in humans, 50–75% of the xylitol remaining in the gut is fermented by gut bacteria into short-chain organic acids and gases, which may produce flatulence.
The remnant unabsorbed xylitol that escapes fermentation is excreted unchanged, mostly in feces; less than 2 g of xylitol out of every 100 g ingested is excreted via urine.

Xylitol ingestion also increases motilin secretion, which may be related to xylitol's ability to cause diarrhea.
The non-digestible but fermentable nature of xylitol also contributes to constipation relieving effects

Xylitol is used as a tooth-friendly raw material in toothpastes, nasal sprays, mouthwashes and other oral care products.

Xylitol is also used in chewing gums, candies, cough syrups and throat lozenges.

Tito xylitol is used in many diet products as it contains 40% less calories than normal sugar.

Xylitol is also one of the basic raw materials of diabetes-friendly foodstuffs.

Xylitol has a similar level of sweetness to sugar but with a fraction of the calories.
Xylitol is a popular ingredient in a variety of products, including sugar-free gum and toothpaste.

Manufacturers add xylitol to a range of foods, including:

sugar-free candies, such as gum, mints, and gummies
jams and jellies
honey
nut butters, including peanut butter
yogurt
Xylitol is also an ingredient in some dental care products, including:

toothpaste
mouthwash
other fluoride products

Xylitol has the same sweetness as sucrose but contains only about two-thirds the calories.
As a sugar substitute, it is lower on the glycemic index, a scale that ranks carbohydrate-rich foods by how much they raise blood sugar levels, compared to glucose.
Being lower on the glycemic index makes xylitol useful for diabetics or people on low carbohydrate diets.

With respect to oral health, research has shown that xylitol helps reduce the formation of plaque, inhibits dental cavities, and stimulates the production of saliva.

Depending on the amount consumed, xylitol can provide some benefits to our body, as well as some harm.

Sweetening Effect

Xylitol has a sweetening effect.
Especially since diabetics cannot consume normal sugar, xylitol can be recommended to diabetics due to its sweetening properties.
Xylitol is of great importance for the nutrition system of diabetics as it creates low calories after consumption.

Effect on Oral and Dental Health

Contrary to people who claim that xylitol is harmful, there are also people who argue that it should be consumed for dental health.
Xylitol has an important place in oral health and care with its ability to clean the bacteria in the mouth.
In addition, as a result of the examinations, it was concluded that it stopped the decays in the tooth enamel.

Effect on Throat and Ear Health

During the consumption of xylitol, it has the feature of reducing throat and ear infections by reducing the bacteria in the mouth and throat due to the cleaning substances in it.

Xylitol has a sweetness similar to sugar, but has a fraction of the calories.
Xylitol is a popular ingredient in a variety of products, such as sugar-free gum and toothpaste.

Manufacturers add xylitol to a variety of foods, including:

sugar-free candies, such as chewing gum, mints, and chewing gum
jams and jams
honey
nut butter, including peanut butter
yoghurt

Xylitol is also an ingredient in some dental care products, including:

tooth paste
mouthwash
other fluoride products

Xylitol sweeteners can be purchased online.

IUPAC NAME:

(2R, 3R, 4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol

(2R,3r,4S)-Pentan-1,2,3,4,5-pentol

(2R,3r,4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol

(2S,3R,4R)-Pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol

(2S,4R)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol

SYNONYMS:

Xylitol
(2R,3r,4S)-1,2,3,4,5-Pentanepentol
(2R,3r,4S)-1,2,3,4,5-Pentanpentol
(2R,3r,4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
1720523
201-788-0
87-99-0
D-Xylitol
D-Xylitol
D-Xylitol