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4-Isopropylaniline is a para-substituted aromatic primary amine commonly known as p-isopropylaniline, 4-aminocumene, or p-cumidine.
4-Isopropylaniline is a colorless to brown liquid used primarily as an intermediate in the production of agrochemicals, pigments, fine chemicals, and functional organic compounds.
4-Isopropylaniline contains a reactive primary amino group and a hydrophobic isopropyl substituent positioned opposite each other on a benzene ring.
CAS Number: 99-88-7
EC Number: 202-797-2
Molecular Formula: C₉H₁₃N
Molecular Weight: 135.21 g/mol
SYNONYMS
p-Isopropylaniline, para-Isopropylaniline, 4-Isopropylbenzenamine, 4-Isopropylphenylamine, 4-(Propan-2-yl)aniline, 4-Propan-2-ylaniline, 4-(1-Methylethyl)aniline, Benzenamine, 4-(1-methylethyl)-, Aniline, p-isopropyl-, 4-Aminocumene, p-Aminocumene, para-Aminocumene, Cumene, p-amino-, 4-Cumidine, p-Cumidine, para-Cumidine, Cumidine, Cumidene, 1-Amino-4-isopropylbenzene, 4-Amino-1-isopropylbenzene, 4-Aminoisopropylbenzene, 4-Isopropyl-1-aminobenzene, 1-Isopropyl-4-aminobenzene, 4-Isopropylphenylamine, β-(4-Aminophenyl)propane, Beta-(4-Aminophenyl)propane, 2-(4-Aminophenyl)propane, p-Isopropylphenylamine, para-Isopropylphenylamine, 4-(2-Propyl)aniline, p-Cumenylamine, 4-Cumenylamine, Aromatic Primary Amine C9, Alkyl-Substituted Aniline, para-Alkylaniline, Isopropyl-Substituted Aniline, Phenylurea Intermediate, Isoproturon Intermediate, Quinacridone-Pigment Intermediate, Azo-Dye Intermediate, Diazonium Intermediate Precursor, Fine-Chemical Intermediate, Agrochemical Intermediate, Organic-Synthesis Intermediate, Pharmaceutical Research Intermediate, Analytical Reference 4-Isopropylaniline, Isoproturon Metabolite Standard, High-Purity 4-Isopropylaniline, Technical-Grade 4-Isopropylaniline, Reagent-Grade 4-Isopropylaniline, Analytical-Grade 4-Isopropylaniline, 4-Isopropylaniline 98%, 4-Isopropylaniline 99%, C₉H₁₃N, C₆H₄(NH₂)CH(CH₃)₂, CAS 99-88-7, EC 202-797-2, PubChem CID 7464, ChEBI 43405, DTXSID20243932, NSC 7198, UNII 0D54T7V7XL, LRTFPLFDLJYEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
APPLICATIONS
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a versatile aromatic-amine intermediate in the production of fine and large-scale organic chemicals.
4-Isopropylaniline provides a primary amino group capable of acylation, alkylation, diazotization, condensation, and urea-forming reactions.
4-Isopropylaniline contributes a para-isopropylphenyl group that increases hydrophobicity and modifies steric and electronic behavior in downstream compounds.
4-Isopropylaniline supports synthesis routes requiring a defined para-substituted aniline building block with predictable aromatic reactivity.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as a principal intermediate in the synthesis of the substituted phenylurea compound isoproturon.
4-Isopropylaniline provides the 4-isopropylphenyl group incorporated into the final dimethylphenylurea structure.
4-Isopropylaniline can be converted through phosgene, isocyanate, carbamoyl chloride, carbon-dioxide-assisted, or related urea-forming routes.
4-Isopropylaniline requires tightly controlled agrochemical manufacturing procedures because the final active substance, residual intermediates, and process impurities are independently regulated.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a precursor for 4-isopropylphenyl isocyanate in selected chemical-manufacturing processes.
4-Isopropylaniline reacts with suitable carbonylating or phosgenating systems to replace the amino hydrogens with an isocyanate-forming carbonyl group.
4-Isopropylaniline supports preparation of reactive isocyanate intermediates used in phenylureas, carbamates, amides, and specialty materials.
4-Isopropylaniline requires closed processing and rigorous off-gas control when phosgene or similarly hazardous carbonylating reagents are involved.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as a starting material for substituted phenylureas other than isoproturon.
4-Isopropylaniline reacts with isocyanates, carbamoyl chlorides, carbonyl-transfer reagents, or activated amine derivatives to form unsymmetrical ureas.
4-Isopropylaniline supports development of urea-containing compounds investigated in agricultural, medicinal, catalytic, and materials chemistry.
4-Isopropylaniline does not confer pesticidal, pharmaceutical, or commercial authorization on the resulting urea derivative.
4-Isopropylaniline finds application in the preparation of anilide and amide derivatives.
4-Isopropylaniline reacts with acid chlorides, anhydrides, activated esters, and carboxylic acids under suitable coupling conditions.
4-Isopropylaniline provides N-(4-isopropylphenyl)amide structures whose polarity, crystallinity, biological behavior, and solubility differ from those of the free amine.
4-Isopropylaniline supports synthesis of specialized aromatic amides for agrochemical, pharmaceutical, polymer, and analytical research.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a precursor for carbamate derivatives through reactions involving chloroformates, carbonates, or isocyanate intermediates.
4-Isopropylaniline contributes a hydrophobic aromatic group while the carbamate functionality provides additional hydrogen bonding and controlled chemical stability.
4-Isopropylaniline supports preparation of compounds evaluated as intermediates, protecting groups, coatings additives, or biologically active candidates.
4-Isopropylaniline requires each carbamate derivative to undergo separate toxicological, environmental, and regulatory assessment.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as an intermediate for sulfonamide preparation.
4-Isopropylaniline reacts with aromatic or aliphatic sulfonyl chlorides in the presence of a suitable acid acceptor.
4-Isopropylaniline enables preparation of N-(4-isopropylphenyl)sulfonamides with modified acidity, lipophilicity, and molecular-recognition properties.
4-Isopropylaniline supports medicinal, agricultural, analytical, and functional-material research involving sulfonamide structures.
4-Isopropylaniline finds application in imine and Schiff-base synthesis.
4-Isopropylaniline reacts with aldehydes and ketones to form carbon–nitrogen double bonds under dehydrating or catalytic conditions.
4-Isopropylaniline supports preparation of imines used as synthetic intermediates, ligands, catalysts, analytical derivatives, and model compounds.
4-Isopropylaniline enables researchers to study how a para-isopropyl group influences imine stability, hydrolysis, reduction, and coordination behavior.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a substrate in catalytic hydroamination of alkynes.
4-Isopropylaniline adds across the carbon–carbon triple bond of phenylacetylene and related substrates under suitable metal-catalyzed conditions.
4-Isopropylaniline supports atom-efficient preparation of enamines or imines while limiting the need for preactivated alkylating agents.
4-Isopropylaniline has been used as a model aromatic amine for comparing heterogeneous and supported hydroamination catalysts.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as a nucleophile in carbon–nitrogen bond-forming reactions with aryl and heteroaryl electrophiles.
4-Isopropylaniline supports Buchwald–Hartwig, Ullmann-type, nucleophilic aromatic substitution, and related amination research where substrate compatibility permits.
4-Isopropylaniline enables preparation of diarylamines and heteroarylamines containing a para-isopropylphenyl group.
4-Isopropylaniline requires catalyst, ligand, base, solvent, and temperature conditions to be optimized for the selected electrophile.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a precursor for diazonium salts through controlled reaction with nitrous acid or another diazotizing system.
4-Isopropylaniline enables replacement or transformation of the amino group through Sandmeyer, hydrolysis, reduction, coupling, and related diazonium chemistry.
4-Isopropylaniline supports access to para-isopropyl-substituted phenols, halides, nitriles, hydrazines, and azo-linked products.
4-Isopropylaniline diazonium intermediates require strict temperature control and should not be isolated or concentrated unless their stability has been specifically established.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as an aromatic amine coupling component in azo-dye and colorant research.
4-Isopropylaniline can be diazotized or coupled with an appropriate diazonium species depending on the intended molecular structure.
4-Isopropylaniline contributes a hydrophobic isopropyl substituent that can influence shade, solvent compatibility, migration, and substrate affinity.
4-Isopropylaniline supports preparation of experimental colorants for organic solvents, polymers, coatings, printing systems, and specialty materials.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a starting material in the preparation of isopropyl-substituted quinacridone pigments.
4-Isopropylaniline condenses with dimethyl succinylsuccinate or related intermediates before ring closure and oxidation form the quinacridone framework.
4-Isopropylaniline contributes isopropyl groups capable of modifying pigment crystal structure, color properties, dispersibility, and compatibility.
4-Isopropylaniline supports pigment-manufacturing routes requiring controlled condensation, cyclization, purification, and particle conditioning.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as a pigment-intermediate building block in research on substituted quinacridones and related fused aromatic colorants.
4-Isopropylaniline enables symmetrical incorporation of two 4-isopropylphenylamino groups into suitable ring-forming precursors.
4-Isopropylaniline supports development of pigments intended for coatings, plastics, printing inks, and other high-performance coloration systems.
4-Isopropylaniline requires the final pigment to be evaluated independently for color strength, crystal phase, weatherability, migration, and toxicological suitability.
4-Isopropylaniline finds application in the preparation of heterocyclic compounds.
4-Isopropylaniline participates in condensation, cyclization, annulation, and multicomponent reactions involving carbonyl compounds, nitriles, isocyanates, and activated unsaturated systems.
4-Isopropylaniline contributes the 4-isopropylphenylamino substituent to nitrogen-, oxygen-, or sulfur-containing heterocycles.
4-Isopropylaniline supports medicinal and functional-material research without itself establishing biological effectiveness of the resulting compounds.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a building block in medicinal-chemistry research.
4-Isopropylaniline provides an aromatic amino group suitable for rapid conversion into amides, ureas, sulfonamides, imines, and heterocyclic derivatives.
4-Isopropylaniline contributes a lipophilic para-isopropyl substituent that can influence molecular binding, membrane interaction, solubility, and metabolic behavior.
4-Isopropylaniline requires every resulting research compound to undergo independent efficacy, selectivity, metabolism, and safety evaluation.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as an intermediate in the preparation of ligands for coordination chemistry.
4-Isopropylaniline can be condensed, acylated, or coupled to form nitrogen-donor structures capable of binding suitable metal ions.
4-Isopropylaniline supports preparation of Schiff bases, diarylamines, amidines, ureas, and other ligand frameworks.
4-Isopropylaniline enables investigation of catalytic, magnetic, optical, and structural behavior in derived metal complexes.
4-Isopropylaniline finds application in polymer and materials research as a precursor for aromatic amides, ureas, imines, and other functional monomers.
4-Isopropylaniline contributes a rigid aromatic segment and a hydrophobic branched alkyl group to the resulting structures.
4-Isopropylaniline supports development of specialty oligomers, crosslinkers, curing agents, surface modifiers, and molecular additives.
4-Isopropylaniline requires verification of residual free amine because unreacted material can affect color, odor, curing, emissions, and toxicological performance.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a model aromatic amine in catalyst-screening studies.
4-Isopropylaniline enables comparison of homogeneous, heterogeneous, supported, and recyclable catalysts for carbon–nitrogen bond formation.
4-Isopropylaniline supports measurement of conversion, chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, catalyst productivity, and by-product generation.
4-Isopropylaniline provides a moderately hindered and electronically modified aniline substrate for evaluating catalytic scope.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as an analytical reference material for determining residues and transformation products of isoproturon.
4-Isopropylaniline supports calibration of liquid-chromatographic and mass-spectrometric methods used for soil, water, sediment, and biological samples.
4-Isopropylaniline enables confirmation of environmental degradation pathways involving demethylation and cleavage of phenylurea herbicides.
4-Isopropylaniline requires certified or suitably characterized purity for quantitative residue analysis.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a target analyte in environmental-fate and biodegradation studies.
4-Isopropylaniline is monitored as a known transformation product of isoproturon and related demethylated phenylurea metabolites.
4-Isopropylaniline supports evaluation of microbial degradation, mineralization, soil binding, mobility, and wastewater-treatment behavior.
4-Isopropylaniline requires environmental containment because persistence and aquatic effects can remain relevant even when it is formed as a degradation product.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as a reference aromatic amine in studies of covalent binding to humic materials.
4-Isopropylaniline supports investigation of oxidative coupling with catechol-like soil components.
4-Isopropylaniline enables researchers to examine formation of oligomeric and nonextractable residues in model polymers and soil.
4-Isopropylaniline contributes to understanding why pesticide-derived aromatic amines may become less mobile without becoming completely undegradable.
4-Isopropylaniline finds application in analytical procedures involving tungsten determination according to compiled use records.
4-Isopropylaniline can participate in derivatization, extraction, or complex-associated analytical systems developed for specific inorganic measurements.
4-Isopropylaniline supports historical and specialized wet-chemical methods when the published procedure is followed exactly.
4-Isopropylaniline should not be substituted into an analytical method without validation of selectivity, recovery, interferences, and calibration.
4-Isopropylaniline serves as a reference compound in gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.
4-Isopropylaniline provides established molecular-ion, fragmentation, retention, and infrared information for identity confirmation.
4-Isopropylaniline supports impurity profiling in reaction mixtures, technical products, and environmental samples.
4-Isopropylaniline requires moisture, oxidation products, positional isomers, and residual solvents to be considered during quantitative analysis.
4-Isopropylaniline functions as an educational reagent in advanced organic-chemistry instruction.
4-Isopropylaniline demonstrates reactions characteristic of substituted primary aromatic amines.
4-Isopropylaniline supports instruction in diazotization, acylation, urea formation, imine formation, chromatography, and spectroscopy.
4-Isopropylaniline requires professional laboratory controls because skin, eye, respiratory, ingestion, fire, and environmental hazards must be managed.
DESCRIPTION
4-Isopropylaniline is a para-isopropyl-substituted derivative of aniline.
4-Isopropylaniline is identified by CAS Number 99-88-7 and EC Number 202-797-2.
4-Isopropylaniline has the molecular formula C₉H₁₃N.
4-Isopropylaniline has a molecular weight of approximately 135.21 g/mol.
The preferred systematic name of 4-Isopropylaniline is 4-propan-2-ylaniline.
The molecule contains one primary amino group and one isopropyl group attached to a benzene ring.
The amino and isopropyl substituents occupy para positions relative to each other.
The molecular structure contains no stereogenic center because the isopropyl carbon is bonded to two equivalent methyl groups.
The amino group of 4-Isopropylaniline acts as a weak organic base.
The lone electron pair on nitrogen participates partly in resonance with the aromatic ring.
Protonation forms water-compatible 4-isopropylanilinium salts with suitable acids.
Acid–base behavior affects extraction, chromatography, reaction rate, and environmental mobility.
The para isopropyl substituent donates electron density to the aromatic ring through inductive and hyperconjugative effects.
This alkyl group increases hydrophobic character relative to unsubstituted aniline.
The isopropyl substituent also alters boiling point, solubility, steric environment, and chromatographic retention.
The para arrangement provides a comparatively symmetrical substitution pattern.
4-Isopropylaniline normally appears as a clear colorless, pale-yellow, brown, or reddish-brown liquid.
Fresh high-purity material may be nearly colorless.
Color commonly increases through exposure to air, light, heat, metals, or oxidizing contaminants.
Commercial specifications should therefore define both assay and acceptable color.
4-Isopropylaniline has a characteristic aromatic-amine odor.
Odor should not be used as the only indicator of workplace exposure.
Repeated opening of containers can release vapors even though the substance is less volatile than low-boiling solvents.
Heated processing substantially increases vapor generation.
4-Isopropylaniline has a normal boiling point near 225–227°C.
A NIST compilation reports a boiling point of approximately 498.2 K, corresponding to about 225°C.
The comparatively high boiling point permits vacuum or atmospheric distillation under controlled conditions.
Prolonged heating in air can nevertheless promote oxidation, discoloration, and formation of higher-boiling residues.
4-Isopropylaniline has a reported melting or freezing point near −63°C.
The substance therefore remains liquid under normal indoor and most outdoor handling temperatures.
Very cold storage may increase viscosity or cause partial solidification.
Frozen material should be warmed gradually with controlled indirect heating rather than open flames.
4-Isopropylaniline has a representative density near 0.95–0.99 g/mL at room temperature.
The liquid is therefore approximately similar to or slightly lighter than water.
Density values vary with temperature, purity, dissolved gases, and analytical method.
Grade-specific density should be used for mass-to-volume conversion and tank calibration.
4-Isopropylaniline has a representative refractive index near 1.54 at 20°C.
Refractive index can provide a rapid supplementary identity or purity check.
Water, residual solvent, positional isomers, and oxidation products can alter the measured value.
Refractive-index acceptance limits should be defined in the product specification.
4-Isopropylaniline has a representative closed-cup flash point near 92°C, although higher values are reported for some grades and methods.
The substance is therefore a combustible liquid requiring ignition-source control.
Heating toward or above the flash point can produce ignitable vapor–air mixtures.
The current grade-specific Safety Data Sheet should govern fire classification and process-temperature limits.
4-Isopropylaniline has low but technically relevant vapor pressure at room temperature.
Reported values are near 10 Pa at approximately 20°C.
Vapor exposure becomes more important during heating, spraying, agitation, distillation, and spill cleanup.
Local exhaust ventilation should be positioned near the point of release.
4-Isopropylaniline is only slightly soluble or practically insoluble in neutral water.
The free-base form has greater compatibility with alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, ketones, and other organic solvents.
Conversion to an acid salt substantially increases water compatibility.
Product recovery and wastewater behavior therefore depend strongly on pH.
4-Isopropylaniline has a reported or estimated log octanol–water partition coefficient in the approximate range of 2.2–2.5.
This value indicates appreciable affinity for organic phases and biological lipids.
The free base can partition into soil organic matter, oils, solvents, and hydrophobic process materials.
Protonation under acidic conditions reduces neutral-phase partitioning and can increase aqueous mobility.
The conjugate acid of 4-Isopropylaniline has a reported estimated pKa near 5.
At pH values substantially below this level, the protonated anilinium form becomes increasingly important.
At neutral or alkaline pH, a larger proportion remains as the neutral free base.
Speciation should be considered during extraction, waste treatment, environmental assessment, and reaction workup.
4-Isopropylaniline is a primary aromatic amine.
It reacts readily with acid chlorides and anhydrides to produce amides.
It reacts with sulfonyl chlorides to form sulfonamides.
It reacts with carbonyl compounds to form imines or related condensation products.
4-Isopropylaniline undergoes reaction with isocyanates and carbamoyl reagents to form substituted ureas.
The amino group can also be converted to an isocyanate through controlled carbonylation or phosgenation.
These reactions are important in the production of phenylurea intermediates.
Moisture exclusion and heat control are critical when reactive acid chlorides, isocyanates, or phosgene-derived reagents are used.
4-Isopropylaniline undergoes diazotization at low temperature in the presence of nitrite and acid.
The resulting diazonium intermediate can undergo azo coupling or replacement of the diazonium group.
Diazonium chemistry permits access to derivatives not obtained easily through direct aromatic substitution.
Accumulation of dry or concentrated diazonium salts should be avoided unless specific stability data support isolation.
4-Isopropylaniline can be produced through reduction of para-nitrocumene or another suitable 4-nitroisopropylbenzene intermediate.
The nitro group may be reduced through catalytic hydrogenation or suitable chemical reducing systems.
Hydrogenation conditions must preserve the isopropyl group while minimizing ring hydrogenation, dealkylation, and by-product formation.
The crude amine can be purified through neutralization, phase separation, washing, drying, and distillation.
Production routes based on nitration of cumene require separation of positional isomers.
Nitration conditions can produce ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted nitrocumene components in proportions determined by catalyst and reaction conditions.
The desired para isomer must be enriched or separated before or after reduction.
Residual positional isomers can alter assay, boiling behavior, downstream selectivity, and final product quality.
Alternative manufacturing routes may introduce the isopropyl group into a protected or functionalized aromatic precursor.
Route selection depends on raw-material availability, selectivity, waste generation, catalyst cost, equipment corrosion, and required purity.
Catalytic hydrogenation routes require removal of catalyst fines and dissolved metals.
Distillation routes require oxygen exclusion and controlled residence time to limit discoloration.
4-Isopropylaniline is sensitive to prolonged contact with air and light.
Oxidative degradation can form colored quinone-imine-like, azo, oligomeric, or polymeric materials.
Metal contamination may accelerate color formation.
Dark storage and an inert-gas headspace can help maintain appearance and assay.
4-Isopropylaniline should be protected from strong oxidizing agents.
Oxidants may react rapidly with the amino group or aromatic ring and generate heat.
Strong acids react exothermically to form salts.
Acid addition should be controlled with cooling and effective agitation.
Strong acylating, sulfonylating, diazotizing, and carbonylating reagents react readily with 4-Isopropylaniline.
These reactions may release hydrogen chloride, other acidic gases, or substantial heat.
Water content can alter selectivity and consume moisture-sensitive reagents.
Reaction calorimetry is recommended before large-scale processing.
4-Isopropylaniline is combustible.
Fire or severe heating can produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, aniline-related vapors, smoke, and other irritating or toxic decomposition products.
Containers exposed to fire may build pressure or leak.
Firefighting runoff should be contained to prevent environmental contamination.
Available hazard classifications for 4-Isopropylaniline are not fully uniform across published commercial records.
Some records classify it principally as a skin, eye, and respiratory irritant, while others assign more severe acute-toxicity, corrosivity, organ-toxicity, reproductive, or aquatic-hazard categories.
The most recent jurisdiction-specific classification and Safety Data Sheet for the actual supplied grade must therefore take precedence.
Protective measures should be selected conservatively when classification uncertainty exists.
4-Isopropylaniline can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact.
Liquid contact may cause irritation or more serious tissue injury depending on concentration, exposure time, and classification of the supplied material.
Vapor or aerosol can irritate the respiratory tract.
Contaminated clothing can prolong dermal exposure.
4-Isopropylaniline is a known environmental transformation product of isoproturon.
It can form after sequential N-demethylation and cleavage of the phenylurea structure.
Environmental monitoring therefore treats it both as an industrial chemical and as a pesticide-degradation product.
Analytical methods have been developed for simultaneous measurement of isoproturon and 4-Isopropylaniline in soil.
4-Isopropylaniline can undergo microbial transformation and mineralization.
Its rate of removal depends on microbial community, previous exposure, temperature, oxygen, soil composition, and contaminant concentration.
Oxidative coupling can also bind it covalently into humic-like polymers.
Binding may reduce immediate mobility without guaranteeing permanent immobilization or complete detoxification.
Japanese screening information has characterized 4-Isopropylaniline as persistent but not highly bioaccumulative under the cited assessment framework.
This conclusion does not mean that environmental release is acceptable.
Aquatic toxicity, transformation products, sediment interaction, and wastewater-treatment performance remain relevant.
Concentrated spills should be prevented from reaching soil and natural waters.
A regulatory-needs assessment completed in 2023 concluded with no additional regulatory action under that specific assessment process.
This outcome does not replace existing classification, workplace, transport, waste, or environmental requirements.
National and regional obligations can differ.
The current legal status should be checked before manufacture, import, use, or sale.
4-Isopropylaniline quality control commonly includes appearance, color, assay, water, density, refractive index, boiling range, and chromatographic impurity profile.
Positional isomers, nitrocumene residues, aniline-related impurities, and oxidation products may require specific limits.
Agrochemical-intermediate grades may include performance testing in the downstream urea-forming reaction.
Analytical grades require traceable purity and characterization suitable for environmental-residue measurement.
PROPERTIES
Chemical Name: 4-Isopropylaniline
Preferred IUPAC Name: 4-Propan-2-ylaniline
Registry Name: Benzenamine, 4-(1-methylethyl)-
Common Name: p-Isopropylaniline
Alternative Common Name: p-Cumidine
CAS Number: 99-88-7
EC Number: 202-797-2
PubChem CID: 7464
ChEBI Identifier: CHEBI:43405
DSSTox Identifier: DTXSID20243932
UNII: 0D54T7V7XL
NSC Number: 7198
Molecular Formula: C₉H₁₃N
Condensed Structural Formula: C₆H₄(NH₂)CH(CH₃)₂
Molecular Weight: 135.21 g/mol
Exact Molecular Weight: Approximately 135.1048 Da
InChIKey: LRTFPLFDLJYEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Family: Alkyl-substituted anilines
Chemical Classification: Primary aromatic amine
Functional Group: Primary amino group
Aromatic Substitution Pattern: Para or 1,4-substitution
Physical State: Liquid
Appearance: Colorless to pale-yellow, brown, or reddish-brown liquid
Odor: Characteristic aromatic-amine odor
Melting or Freezing Point: Approximately −63°C
Boiling Point: Approximately 224–227°C
NIST Boiling Point: Approximately 498.2 K
Density at 25°C: Approximately 0.95–0.99 g/mL
Refractive Index at 20°C: Approximately 1.54
Vapor Pressure at 20°C: Approximately 10 Pa
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble to practically insoluble as the free base
Organic-Solvent Solubility: Soluble in many alcohols, ethers, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, and related organic solvents
Estimated Log Pow: Approximately 2.2–2.5
Estimated Conjugate-Acid pKa: Approximately 5.0
Flash Point: Representative values near 92°C; grade- and method-dependent
Combustibility: Combustible liquid
Volatility: Low to moderate at room temperature and increased substantially by heating
Air Sensitivity: May darken or oxidize during prolonged air exposure
Light Sensitivity: Protect from prolonged light exposure
Primary Industrial Function: Fine-chemical and agrochemical intermediate
Principal Agrochemical Application: Intermediate for substituted phenylureas including isoproturon
Primary Pigment Application: Intermediate for isopropyl-substituted quinacridone pigments
Primary Synthetic Reactions: Acylation, sulfonylation, diazotization, condensation, urea formation, carbamate formation, and hydroamination
Analytical Application: Reference material for isoproturon degradation and residue studies
Environmental Identity: Known transformation product of isoproturon and related demethylated metabolites
Environmental Persistence: Characterized as persistent but not highly bioaccumulative in the cited Japanese screening assessment
Hazard Classification Variability: Published classifications range from irritant to more severe acute-toxicity, corrosive, organ-toxicity, reproductive, and aquatic categories
Skin Hazard: Avoid all direct contact
Eye Hazard: May cause serious irritation or injury depending on grade classification
Respiratory Hazard: Vapor, aerosol, or mist may irritate or harm the respiratory tract
Ingestion Hazard: Harmful or toxic classifications are reported
Aquatic Hazard: Toxic or very toxic classifications are reported in some current safety records
Chemical Stability: Stable when protected from air, light, excessive heat, and incompatible materials
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, reactive acylating agents, diazotizing agents, and other materials identified in the current Safety Data Sheet
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, smoke, and irritating or toxic organic fumes
Recommended Storage: Cool, dark, dry, tightly closed, and well-ventilated storage
Preferred Storage Atmosphere: Inert-gas protection may be used for high-purity or color-sensitive grades
Environmental Precaution: Prevent concentrated release to drains, wastewater, soil, groundwater, and surface water
Quality-Control Parameters: Appearance, color, assay, water, density, refractive index, boiling range, positional isomers, residual nitro compounds, and oxidation products
Current Data Requirement: Confirm hazard classification, transport classification, occupational limits, purity, packaging, and shelf life from the current grade-specific documentation.
FIRST AID
Inhalation:
Move the affected person immediately to fresh air.
Keep the person at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
Avoid further exposure to 4-Isopropylaniline vapor, mist, aerosol, smoke, or thermal-decomposition fumes.
Provide oxygen or assisted breathing only through trained personnel using suitable protective equipment.
Obtain prompt medical attention after significant exposure or if coughing, headache, dizziness, nausea, breathing discomfort, weakness, or unusual skin coloration develops.
Skin Contact:
Remove contaminated clothing, footwear, jewelry, and leather articles immediately.
Rinse the affected skin at once with plenty of water or use an emergency shower.
Wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Do not attempt to neutralize 4-Isopropylaniline on the skin with an acid or another chemical.
Obtain immediate medical attention if pain, redness, blistering, persistent irritation, or signs of systemic illness develop.
Wash contaminated clothing separately before reuse and discard contaminated leather articles when complete decontamination is uncertain.
Eye Contact:
Rinse the eyes immediately with plenty of clean, gently flowing water.
Hold the eyelids open and move the eyes in all directions during irrigation.
Remove contact lenses when present and easy to do, then continue rinsing.
Continue irrigation for at least 15 to 20 minutes.
Obtain immediate medical attention because severe irritation or eye injury may occur.
Continue rinsing during transport when advised by medical personnel.
Ingestion:
Rinse the mouth carefully with water.
Do not induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious, drowsy, or convulsing person.
Give water only when the person is fully conscious and qualified medical guidance permits.
Obtain immediate medical attention because harmful or toxic ingestion classifications are reported for 4-Isopropylaniline.
Provide the current Safety Data Sheet and product label to medical personnel.
Note to Physicians:
No substance-specific antidote should be assumed.
Provide supportive care and treat according to the patient’s symptoms and clinical condition.
Assess respiratory function, neurological status, cardiovascular condition, skin, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, liver function, kidney function, and blood oxygenation after substantial exposure.
Consider delayed systemic effects following inhalation, ingestion, or extensive skin contact.
Use current poison-center or medical-toxicology guidance and the grade-specific Safety Data Sheet as the primary clinical references.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling:
Handle 4-Isopropylaniline in accordance with strict industrial-hygiene and aromatic-amine handling procedures.
Review the current technical specification and Safety Data Sheet before opening, sampling, transferring, or processing the material.
Avoid all contact with the skin, eyes, and clothing.
Do not breathe vapor, mist, aerosol, smoke, or thermal-decomposition fumes.
Use closed transfer, metering, reaction, distillation, filtration, and filling systems wherever reasonably practicable.
Open containers only in an effective fume enclosure or locally exhausted handling area.
Use pumps or closed transfer lines rather than manual pouring from large containers.
Prevent splashing and aerosol generation during mixing, charging, recirculation, and sampling.
Keep 4-Isopropylaniline away from flames, sparks, hot surfaces, welding, and smoking.
Ground and bond containers and transfer equipment where static ignition hazards may exist.
Use explosion-protected electrical equipment when process temperatures or vapor concentrations can create an ignitable atmosphere.
Add acids, acylating agents, isocyanates, and diazotizing reagents gradually under controlled temperature and agitation.
Provide sufficient cooling for exothermic salt-forming, acylation, diazotization, and urea-forming reactions.
Wash the hands, face, and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where 4-Isopropylaniline is processed.
Keep contaminated work clothing out of homes and living areas.
Ventilation:
Provide effective general ventilation and local exhaust ventilation.
Position extraction close to tank openings, pumps, reactors, distillation equipment, sampling ports, filters, centrifuges, and filling points.
Capture vapor, mist, and aerosol at the source rather than allowing contamination to spread through the workplace.
Provide additional extraction during heating, vacuum release, distillation, spraying, and equipment cleaning.
Do not rely on odor to determine whether airborne exposure is adequately controlled.
Monitor workplace air during repeated, large-scale, heated, or open handling operations.
Use suitable organic-vapor and particulate respiratory protection when engineering controls cannot adequately limit exposure.
Use supplied-air or self-contained respiratory equipment for emergency response, confined spaces, major spills, fires, or unknown concentrations.
Select respiratory equipment through a documented occupational-exposure and hazard assessment.
Inspect and maintain ventilation, scrubbers, seals, filters, and exhaust systems regularly.
Storage:
Store 4-Isopropylaniline in tightly closed and correctly labeled containers.
Keep the material in a cool, dark, dry, secure, and well-ventilated location.
Protect 4-Isopropylaniline from direct sunlight, air, excessive heat, flames, sparks, contamination, and physical damage.
Keep 4-Isopropylaniline separated from strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, reactive acylating agents, diazotizing chemicals, food, beverages, and animal feed.
Use containers and seals specifically compatible with aromatic amines.
Use inert-gas blanketing where required to maintain color, purity, or process safety.
Prevent water, rust, oxidants, acids, metal contamination, and process residues from entering opened containers.
Reseal partially used containers immediately after sampling or transfer.
Provide secondary containment capable of retaining the contents of the largest container.
Prevent vapor accumulation in pits, trenches, sumps, basements, and confined spaces.
Use first-in, first-out stock rotation within the applicable shelf life.
Inspect containers regularly for leakage, corrosion, swelling, damaged seals, discoloration, unusual odor, pressure buildup, or contamination.
Maintain storage temperatures below the limits stated in the current grade-specific documentation.
Spill and Leak Procedures:
Evacuate the immediate area and restrict access to trained personnel.
Eliminate ignition sources when this can be done safely.
Provide maximum effective ventilation without spreading vapor into occupied areas.
Wear suitable chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, and respiratory protection.
Use a fully protective chemical suit and self-contained breathing apparatus for major or uncontrolled releases.
Stop the source of the leak only when this can be done without personal risk.
Prevent 4-Isopropylaniline from entering drains, sewers, pits, soil, groundwater, or surface water.
Recover pumpable liquid into chemically compatible, sealable, and correctly labeled containers.
Contain remaining liquid with sand, earth, vermiculite, or another verified inert absorbent.
Do not use oxidizing, acidic, combustible, or chemically incompatible absorbents.
Collect contaminated absorbent, disposable protective equipment, and cleaning residues in closed hazardous-waste containers.
Wash the affected surface only after bulk liquid has been recovered and the resulting wastewater can be contained.
Monitor the area for vapor before allowing unprotected personnel to return.
Dispose of recovered material through an authorized hazardous-chemical waste route.
Report environmental releases as required by applicable regulations.
Handling Precautions:
Wear chemical-resistant gloves selected from documented permeation and breakthrough data for aromatic amines.
Do not assume that thin disposable, natural-rubber, or general-purpose gloves provide adequate protection.
Use tightly fitting chemical goggles.
Wear a face shield in addition to goggles during transfer, sampling, reaction charging, and spill response.
Use chemical-resistant protective clothing, sleeves, boots, and an apron.
Provide accessible eyewash and emergency-shower equipment near all major handling locations.
Inspect gloves, clothing, hoses, seals, pumps, valves, gaskets, and transfer connections before use.
Use only equipment materials confirmed as compatible with 4-Isopropylaniline and the intended process conditions.
Use explosion-protected pumps, motors, switches, and instruments where required by the fire-risk assessment.
Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, and uncontrolled diazotizing or acylating systems.
Control temperature continuously during nitration-product reduction, distillation, diazotization, acylation, urea formation, and other reactive processing.
Keep firefighting, spill-response, and emergency respiratory equipment immediately available.
Prevent environmental release during production, transfer, storage, cleaning, transport, and waste handling.
Review the current technical specification, Safety Data Sheet, certificate of analysis, occupational requirements, transport rules, environmental regulations, and emergency procedures before production, formulation, storage, cleaning, or disposal.
