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Biphenyl-2-ol is a broad spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.
Biphenyl-2-ol is highly soluble in water, moderately voatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.
Biphenyl-2-ol is more selective than other free phenols but does produce phytotoxic effects.
CAS Number: 90-43-7
Molecular Formula: C12H10O
Molecular Weight: 170.21
EINECS Number: 201-993-5
Synonyms: 2-Phenylphenol, 2-Hydroxybiphenyl, 90-43-7, O-PHENYLPHENOL, Biphenyl-2-ol, 2-Biphenylol, o-Hydroxybiphenyl, o-Hydroxydiphenyl, 2-Hydroxydiphenyl, o-Phenyl phenol, Orthoxenol, [1,1'-Biphenyl]-2-ol, Orthophenylphenol, Dowicide 1, o-Diphenylol, Torsite, o-Xenol, Nectryl, o-Biphenylol, Preventol O extra, Orthohydroxydiphenyl, Tumescal OPE, Remol TRF, Phenol, o-phenyl-, Tetrosin OE, (1,1'-Biphenyl)-2-ol, 2-Fenylfenol, 2-Hydroxybifenyl, o-Xonal, Invalon OP, 1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, Anthrapole 73, Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-, Usaf ek-2219, Kiwi lustr 277, 1,1'-Biphenyl-2-ol, Phenyl-2 phenol, orthohydroxydipbenyl, Dowicide 1 antimicrobial, Hydroxybiphenyl, NCI-C50351, ortho-phenylphenate, DTXSID2021151, D343Z75HT8, NSC-1548, E231, DTXCID201151, CHEBI:17043, sodium ortho-phenylphenol, RefChem:478206, 201-993-5, oXenol, Biphenylol, Phenylphenol, 2-Phenyl phenol, ortho-Phenylphenol, 2-hydroxy biphenyl, Hydroxdiphenyl, o-Phenylphenol, cosmetic grade, Orthophenyl phenol, Dowicide, Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, Nipacide OPP, NSC 1548, 2-Hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl, CHEMBL108829, MFCD00002208, Dowicide A, Biphenyl-2-o1, 2-Fenylfenol [Czech], o-phenylphenate, Caswell No. 623AA, 2-Hydroxybifenyl [Czech], CAS-90-43-7, OPP [pesticide], 2-Phenylphenol [BSI:ISO], CCRIS 1388, Phenyl-2 phenol [ISO-French], HSDB 1753, EINECS 201-993-5, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 064103, BRN 0606907, Stellisept, Rotoline, UNII-D343Z75HT8, o-phenyl-phenol, AI3-00062, 2-phenyl-phenol, Tetrosin OE-N, CH9, Amocid (TN), Preventol 3041, ORTOFENILFENOL, Phenylphenol (ortho-), 2-Phenylphenol, 99%, OPP?, PHENYLPHENOL, O-, WLN: QR BR, ORTHO PHENYL PHENOL, EC 201-993-5, [1,1-Biphenyl]-2-yloxy, O-PHENYLPHENOL [MI], 2-Phenylphenol, BSI, ISO, SCHEMBL29811, SCHEMBL60313, 4-06-00-04579 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), MLS002415765, 2-PHENYLPHENOL [ISO], BIDD:ER0664, SCHEMBL159940, SCHEMBL534251, SCHEMBL707769, [1,1''-biphenyl]-2-ol, 2-PHENYLPHENOL [FHFI], 2-PHENYLPHENOL [HSDB], SCHEMBL1451053, SCHEMBL1501857, SCHEMBL2196851, SCHEMBL6607387, SCHEMBL7803278, SCHEMBL29360750, FEMA 3959, 2-Phenylphenol, >=99%, FG, MSK2534, NSC1548, ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL [IARC], ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [MART.], ORTHOPHENYL PHENOL [WHO-DD], STR07240, Tox21_202415, Tox21_300674, BDBM50308551, ORTHOPHENYL PHENOL (E 231), SBB060430, STK177354, AKOS000118750, EBC-612682, FP35043, PS-8698, NCGC00091595-01, NCGC00091595-02, NCGC00091595-03, NCGC00091595-04, NCGC00091595-05, NCGC00091595-06, NCGC00254582-01, NCGC00259964-01, 2-Phenylphenol 100 microg/mL in Acetone, AC-10362, SMR000778031, 2-Phenylphenol 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane, 2-Phenylphenol 1000 microg/mL in Acetone, DB-258412, 2-Phenylphenol 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, NS00010901, P0200, ST50406167, 1,1'-BIPHENYL-2-OL; 2-PHENYLPHENOL, EN300-19380, C02499, D08367, E79453, SBI-0653873.0001, 2-Phenylphenol, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, F215994, Q209467, SR-01000944520, SR-01000944520-1, F0001-2206, Z104473674, InChI=1/C12H10O/c13-12-9-5-4-8-11(12)10-6-2-1-3-7-10/h1-9,13, 73829-47-7, BIPHENYLOL-2;HYDROXY-(2-PHENYL)BENZENE;FEMA 3959;DOWICIDE 1(R);AKOS BAR-1742;2-PHENYLPHENOL;2-DIPHENYLOL;2-HYDROXYDIPHENYL
Biphenyl-2-ol is an aromatic organic compound consisting of two benzene rings connected by a single carbon–carbon bond, with a hydroxyl group attached at the 2-position.
Biphenyl-2-ol is also known as 2-phenylphenol, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, or o-phenylphenol.
Its molecular formula is C₁₂H₁₀O, and its molecular weight is approximately 170.21 g/mol.
Biphenyl-2-ol belongs to the class of phenolic compounds.
Biphenyl-2-ols structure combines the hydrophobic aromatic biphenyl framework with a phenolic hydroxyl group.
This combination gives the compound both organic-solvent compatibility and antimicrobial activity.
Biphenyl-2-ol is a positional isomer of other phenylphenols.
In this compound, the hydroxyl group is located ortho to the phenyl substituent on the biphenyl ring.
The position of the hydroxyl group influences its physical properties and chemical behavior.
Biphenyl-2-ol is generally a solid at room temperature.
It has a characteristic phenolic odor and relatively low water solubility compared with highly polar organic compounds.
Biphenyl-2-ol is more readily soluble in many organic solvents.
Biphenyl-2-ol contains a phenolic hydroxyl group that can participate in hydrogen bonding.
The hydroxyl hydrogen can act as a hydrogen-bond donor, while the oxygen can act as a hydrogen-bond acceptor.
This functionality contributes to its chemical reactivity and interaction with biological systems.
Biphenyl-2-ol is a weakly acidic phenol.
The hydroxyl proton can be removed under sufficiently basic conditions to form a phenoxide ion.
This acid–base behavior is characteristic of phenolic compounds.
Biphenyl-2-ol can undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.
The hydroxyl group activates the aromatic ring toward certain electrophilic reactions.
Biphenyl-2-ol useful as an intermediate in some chemical transformations.
Biphenyl-2-ol can undergo oxidation reactions.
The phenolic group can participate in oxidation chemistry under appropriate conditions.
Oxidation products depend on the reaction conditions and oxidizing agent used.
Biphenyl-2-ol can undergo ether formation.
The phenolic hydroxyl group can react with suitable alkylating or arylating reagents.
This provides a route to various substituted biphenyl ether derivatives.
Biphenyl-2-ol can undergo esterification.
The hydroxyl group can be converted into ester derivatives through appropriate chemical reactions.
These derivatives can have different physical and chemical properties from the parent phenol.
Biphenyl-2-ol has antimicrobial properties.
Its ability to interfere with microbial membranes and cellular processes has made it useful in certain antimicrobial applications.
This activity is strongly influenced by concentration and the target microorganism.
Biphenyl-2-ol has historically been used as a preservative.
Its antimicrobial activity has allowed it to be used to inhibit the growth of certain fungi and bacteria.
Its permitted applications and concentration limits depend on the regulatory jurisdiction and specific use.
Biphenyl-2-ol has been used in post-harvest treatment of certain fruits.
Biphenyl-2-ol can help inhibit fungal growth on the surfaces of some agricultural products during storage and transportation.
Such uses are subject to applicable food-safety regulations and residue limits.
Biphenyl-2-ol has been used in the preservation of citrus fruits.
Its antifungal properties can help reduce the growth of storage molds on treated fruit surfaces.
Modern applications are controlled by regulatory requirements concerning permitted substances and residues.
Biphenyl-2-ol can inhibit certain fungi responsible for food spoilage.
The compound can interfere with microbial growth at sufficient concentrations.
This property is one of the main reasons for its historical importance as a preservative.
Biphenyl-2-ol is also used as a chemical intermediate.
Its phenolic functionality can be modified to produce other aromatic compounds.
Biphenyl-2-ol relevant to synthetic and industrial organic chemistry.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be used to prepare substituted phenolic compounds.
Chemical modification of either the aromatic rings or hydroxyl group can produce derivatives with different properties.
These derivatives may be investigated for applications in materials, chemical synthesis, or biological research.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in analytical chemistry as a reference compound.
Biphenyl-2-ols defined chemical structure allows laboratories to establish chromatographic retention characteristics.
It can therefore be used for identification and quantification in appropriate analytical methods.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be detected using gas chromatography.
Its relatively suitable volatility after appropriate analytical preparation allows GC-based determination.
GC-MS can additionally provide structural information through its mass spectrum.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be analyzed using liquid chromatography.
HPLC methods can separate it from other phenolic and aromatic compounds.
Biphenyl-2-ol is useful for environmental, food, pharmaceutical, and industrial analysis.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be identified using mass spectrometry.
Biphenyl-2-ols molecular ion and characteristic fragmentation pattern can support compound identification.
Mass spectrometry is particularly useful when analyzing complex mixtures.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be characterized using infrared spectroscopy.
The phenolic O–H group produces characteristic absorption in the infrared spectrum.
Aromatic C–C and C–H vibrations provide additional structural information.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be studied using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR can provide information about the aromatic proton and carbon environments.
These techniques are useful for confirming molecular identity and structural purity.
Biphenyl-2-ol is relevant to environmental chemistry.
It can enter environmental systems through industrial activities, product use, waste streams, and degradation of related compounds.
Researchers can study its transport, persistence, and transformation in environmental matrices.
Biphenyl-2-ol can undergo biodegradation.
Microorganisms can transform the compound through hydroxylation, oxidation, and subsequent metabolic pathways.
The rate and extent of degradation depend on environmental conditions and microbial communities.
Biphenyl-2-ol can undergo photochemical transformation.
Exposure to sunlight or other sources of ultraviolet radiation can promote chemical reactions under suitable conditions.
These reactions may produce transformation products with properties different from the parent compound.
Biphenyl-2-ol has greater hydrophobic character than many simple phenols.
The two aromatic rings contribute substantially to its affinity for organic phases and hydrophobic surfaces.
This behavior influences its environmental partitioning and interaction with biological membranes.
Biphenyl-2-ol can interact with biological membranes.
Its aromatic and relatively hydrophobic structure allows interaction with lipid-rich regions.
Biphenyl-2-ol is considered relevant to its antimicrobial activity and toxicological behavior.
Biphenyl-2-ol is important in studies of phenolic environmental contaminants.
Researchers can use it as a representative aromatic phenolic compound when investigating sorption, degradation, and transport.
It can also serve as a target analyte in environmental monitoring methods.
Biphenyl-2-ol should not be confused with biphenyl itself.
Biphenyl contains two benzene rings but has no hydroxyl group, whereas Biphenyl-2-ol contains a phenolic hydroxyl group.
The additional hydroxyl group substantially changes its polarity, reactivity, and biological behavior.
Biphenyl-2-ol should also not be confused with 4-phenylphenol.
Both compounds have the same molecular formula but differ in the position of the hydroxyl group relative to the second phenyl ring.
This positional difference can affect their physical, chemical, and biological properties.
Biphenyl-2-ol is a phenolic aromatic compound with the molecular formula C₁₂H₁₀O.
Its most notable characteristics are its phenolic reactivity, antimicrobial activity, relatively low water solubility, and usefulness as an aromatic chemical intermediate and analytical reference compound.
Biphenyl-2-ol has also been important historically in food-preservation and agricultural applications, although such uses are subject to specific regulatory requirements.
Biphenyl-2-ol is also known as o-phenylphenol.
The prefix “o-” indicates that the hydroxyl group and the phenyl substituent occupy adjacent positions on the aromatic ring.
This positional arrangement distinguishes it from the meta and para phenylphenol isomers.
Biphenyl-2-ol is structurally related to phenol and biphenyl.
It can be viewed as a biphenyl molecule in which one aromatic hydrogen has been replaced by a hydroxyl group.
This modification introduces substantially different polarity and chemical reactivity compared with unsubstituted biphenyl.
Biphenyl-2-ol has two aromatic rings capable of π-electron interactions.
These aromatic surfaces can interact with other aromatic molecules and nonpolar surfaces.
Such interactions contribute to its partitioning behavior in chemical and biological systems.
The hydroxyl group influences the electronic properties of Biphenyl-2-ol.
Biphenyl-2-ol lone-pair electrons can interact with the aromatic π-system through resonance.
This affects electrophilic substitution and oxidation reactions involving the aromatic rings.
Melting point: 57–59 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 282 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.21
Bulk density: 600 kg/m³
Vapor pressure: 7 mm Hg at 140 °C
Refractive index: 1.6188 (estimate)
FEMA: 3959 | 2-Phenylphenol
Flash point: 255 °F
Storage temperature: Below +30 °C
Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, acetone, benzene, sodium hydroxide, chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, hexane, ligroin, ethyl ether, pyridine, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycol ethers, and polyglycols
Form: Crystalline flakes
pKa: 10.01 (at 25 °C)
Color: White
pH: 7 (0.1 g/L, H₂O, 20 °C)
Odor: Nearly white or light buff crystals; mild, characteristic sweetish odor
Biological source: Synthetic
Explosive limit: 1.4–9.5% (V)
Water solubility: 0.7 g/L (20 °C)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7304
JECFA Number: 735
BRN: 606907
Henry's Law constant: 9.4 × 10⁰ mol/(m³·Pa) at 25 °C
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and halogens.
Major application: Flavors and fragrances
Cosmetics ingredients functions: Preservative
InChI: 1S/C12H10O/c13-12-9-5-4-8-11(12)10-6-2-1-3-7-10/h1-9,13H
InChIKey: LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: Oc1ccccc1-c2ccccc2
LogP: 3.18 at 22.5 °C
Biphenyl-2-ol is a white to buff-colored crystalline solid with a distinct odor.
When heated to decomposition, it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Biphenyl-2-ol is a member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.
Biphenyl-2-ol is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.
Biphenyl-2-ol has a role as an environmental food contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical.
It derives from a hydride of a biphenyl.
Biphenyl-2-ol react as a weak organic acid.
Exothermically neutralizes bases.
May react with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides to generate flammable gas (H2) and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas.
May be nitrated very rapidly.
Nitrated phenols often explode when heated and also form metal salts that tend toward detonation by rather mild shock.
Biphenyl-2-ol is not used on growing plants because it is too phytotoxic and there appears to be no information published on its metabolism in plants.
Biphenyl-2-ol widespread use as a preservative, disinfectant and fungistat on stored food (either by direct application or impregnated in packaging) requires studies on its environmental fate and metabolism in mammals.
Several studies in mammals are available and the compound has been the subject of an evaluation by the UK MAFF Pesticide Safety Directorate (PSD); the results have been published.
This evaluation was prompted by the discovery of bladder tumours in rats treated with high doses of the compound.
2-Phenylphenol is also used as the sodium and potassium salts where water solublity is important.
No information is available specifically on the latter.
The metabolism of the free phenol and the sodium salt have been studied separately.
Once absorbed into a cell, provided that internal pH control is maintained, the two forms should be indistinguishable.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be used as a laboratory reference material.
Analytical laboratories can prepare solutions with accurately known concentrations for calibration purposes.
This allows quantitative determination of the compound in unknown samples.
Biphenyl-2-ol is suitable for chromatographic method development.
Its aromatic structure produces characteristic chromatographic behavior that can be separated from related phenols.
This makes it useful for developing methods capable of distinguishing positional isomers.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be quantified by HPLC with UV detection.
Its aromatic rings absorb ultraviolet radiation strongly enough for routine chromatographic detection.
Biphenyl-2-ol provides a relatively straightforward approach for quantitative analysis.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be determined by GC-MS.
Gas chromatography separates the compound from other volatile or semi-volatile organic substances.
Mass spectrometry then provides molecular and fragmentation information for identification.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be analyzed using LC-MS.
Liquid chromatography is useful when analyzing complex samples or when derivatization is unnecessary.
Mass spectrometric detection can provide improved selectivity and sensitivity.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be measured in environmental samples.
Potential sample types include wastewater, surface water, sediment, soil, and industrial materials.
Sample preparation often involves extraction and concentration before instrumental analysis.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be monitored in industrial wastewater.
Industrial activities involving aromatic chemicals or rubber-related materials can potentially contribute phenolic compounds to waste streams.
Analytical monitoring can help determine whether treatment systems are effectively removing them.
Biphenyl-2-ol can interact with soil and sediment organic matter.
Biphenyl-2-ol hydrophobic aromatic structure favors partitioning into organic-rich phases.
This behavior can affect its mobility and persistence in contaminated environments.
Biphenyl-2-ol can undergo sorption onto environmental particles.
Organic matter, sediments, and suspended particles can provide surfaces for interaction.
Sorption can reduce dissolved concentrations while increasing the amount associated with solid phases.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be transformed by microorganisms.
Certain microorganisms can use enzymatic oxidation pathways to modify aromatic compounds.
The resulting metabolites can subsequently undergo additional degradation steps.
Biphenyl-2-ol can undergo hydroxylation during biodegradation.
Microbial enzymes can introduce additional hydroxyl groups into the aromatic structure.
These reactions can increase polarity and facilitate subsequent metabolic transformations.
Biphenyl-2-ol can ultimately undergo more extensive biodegradation under favorable conditions.
Further oxidation can break down the aromatic structure into smaller molecules.
The rate of this process depends on microbial populations, oxygen availability, temperature, pH, and other environmental factors.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be investigated as a transformation product of other aromatic compounds.
Certain environmental and industrial processes can generate phenylphenol-related compounds.
Analytical identification is therefore important when evaluating complex chemical mixtures.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be used in studies of aromatic-compound metabolism.
Its relatively simple biphenyl structure makes it a useful model for investigating hydroxylation and oxidative pathways.
Such studies can be performed using chemical, enzymatic, or microbial systems.
Biphenyl-2-ol is relevant to toxicological research.
Researchers can investigate its effects on cells, microorganisms, aquatic organisms, and other biological systems.
Toxicity depends on exposure concentration, duration, species, and experimental conditions.
Biphenyl-2-ol can cause irritation at sufficiently high exposure levels.
Phenolic compounds can interact with biological tissues and produce local irritation.
Appropriate laboratory precautions are therefore required when handling concentrated material.
Biphenyl-2-ol is relevant to food-residue analysis.
Where its use is permitted, analytical laboratories can determine whether residues remain on treated agricultural products.
Such measurements are performed against applicable regulatory limits.
Biphenyl-2-ol is relevant to food-contact and packaging research.
Researchers can investigate whether phenolic compounds migrate from treated or contaminated materials into food simulants.
Migration testing can help evaluate potential exposure under specified conditions.
Biphenyl-2-ol is relevant to rubber and polymer research.
It can occur in studies involving phenolic additives, aromatic contaminants, and rubber-related chemicals.
Biphenyl-2-ol detection can help characterize the chemical composition of complex polymeric materials.
Biphenyl-2-ol is also relevant to historical preservative chemistry.
Its antimicrobial activity made it an important compound in the development of chemical preservation methods.
Biphenyl-2-ol historical applications provide an example of how phenolic chemistry has been applied to control microbial spoilage.
Biphenyl-2-ol can serve as a starting material for synthesis of more complex aromatic compounds.
The phenolic oxygen provides a convenient functional handle for chemical modification.
The biphenyl framework simultaneously provides a rigid aromatic structural component.
Biphenyl-2-ol is therefore both an industrially relevant phenolic compound and an important analytical reference substance.
Its antimicrobial properties, aromatic structure, chemical reactivity, and environmental behavior make it useful across several areas of chemistry.
Biphenyl-2-ol applications range from historical preservation and chemical synthesis to environmental monitoring, polymer research, and analytical chemistry.
Usesv Of Biphenyl-2-ol:
2-Phenylphenol is a agriculture fungicide and is no longer used as a food additive.
2-phenylphenol is remarkably versatile organic chemical products, widely used antiseptic, auxiliaries and surfactant synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymer materials in areas such as stabilizers and flame retardants.
It is used for the post-harvest control of storage diseases of apples, citrus fruit, stone fruit, tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables.
Biphenyl-2-ol is also used for the protection of textiles and timber and as a fungistat in water-soluble paints.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used as a fungicide and antimicrobial preservative.
Its phenolic structure allows it to inhibit the growth of various microorganisms, particularly fungi.
This property has historically made it useful for protecting materials and products from microbial deterioration.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in post-harvest preservation of agricultural products.
Biphenyl-2-ol has been applied to the surfaces of certain fruits to reduce fungal spoilage during storage and transportation.
Its use in food-related applications is controlled by specific regulatory requirements and permitted residue limits.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used particularly in citrus-fruit preservation.
It has historically been applied to citrus fruits to help control surface molds during prolonged storage.
This application takes advantage of its antifungal activity at the fruit surface.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used to control post-harvest fungal diseases.
The compound can inhibit microorganisms responsible for deterioration of harvested produce.
Biphenyl-2-ol effectiveness depends on the target organism, concentration, application method, and environmental conditions.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in certain surface-disinfection applications.
Its antimicrobial activity allows it to inhibit microorganisms on selected non-food surfaces and materials.
The suitability of such applications depends on the formulation and applicable regulations.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used as an antimicrobial ingredient in specialized formulations.
Biphenyl-2-ol activity against microorganisms can be exploited when a phenolic preservative is required.
The actual use depends on the regulatory status and concentration limits for the intended product.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used as a chemical intermediate.
Its phenolic hydroxyl group provides a reactive site for further chemical modification.
This makes it useful for synthesizing substituted aromatic compounds and derivatives.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used to synthesize biphenyl ether derivatives.
The phenolic oxygen can undergo alkylation or related reactions to form ether structures.
These derivatives can have different physical, chemical, and functional properties.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used to prepare ester derivatives.
Its hydroxyl group can be chemically converted into various esters under appropriate reaction conditions.
Such derivatives are useful for studying how structural modification changes molecular properties.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in the synthesis of substituted phenolic compounds.
Electrophilic substitution and other aromatic reactions can introduce additional functional groups into the molecule.
Biphenyl-2-ol makes the compound a useful starting material for organic synthesis research.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in pharmaceutical and medicinal-chemistry research.
Its biphenyl framework is a useful structural motif for developing and studying biologically active molecules.
Derivatives can be synthesized and screened for antimicrobial or other biological properties.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in agrochemical research.
Its aromatic phenolic structure can serve as a starting point for designing substituted compounds with biological activity.
Such research includes investigation of compounds with potential pesticidal or antimicrobial properties.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in chemical synthesis research.
Researchers can investigate its electrophilic substitution, oxidation, etherification, esterification, and coupling reactions.
These reactions provide access to a variety of structurally modified aromatic molecules.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used as an analytical reference standard.
Laboratories can use accurately characterized material to establish calibration curves for quantitative measurements.
Biphenyl-2-ol is particularly useful when analyzing environmental, food, polymer, or industrial samples.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in chromatographic method development.
Its known retention behavior can help laboratories develop methods for separating phenylphenol isomers and related aromatic compounds.
This is important because structurally similar phenols can occur together in complex samples.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used as a reference compound in HPLC analysis.
Its ultraviolet absorption allows convenient detection using common HPLC-UV instrumentation.
Quantitative measurements can be performed by comparing the detector response with calibrated standards.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used as a reference compound in GC-MS analysis.
Biphenyl-2-ol chromatographic retention and characteristic mass spectrum can support identification in complex mixtures.
This makes it useful for confirming the presence of phenylphenol-related compounds.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in environmental monitoring.
Researchers can analyze water, soil, sediment, wastewater, and other environmental samples for its presence.
Such measurements help determine its occurrence, distribution, and environmental fate.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in studies of industrial contamination.
Its detection can help characterize releases associated with chemical manufacturing, preservation processes, and other industrial activities.
Analytical measurements can be used to evaluate contamination and treatment efficiency.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in wastewater-treatment research.
Researchers investigate removal through biological treatment, adsorption, membrane processes, and advanced oxidation.
These studies help determine appropriate approaches for treating water containing aromatic phenolic compounds.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in adsorption studies.
Its hydrophobic aromatic structure makes it useful for investigating the adsorption of phenolic pollutants onto activated carbon and other sorbents.
These experiments provide information about adsorption capacity and removal mechanisms.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in photocatalytic degradation research.
Researchers can investigate how light-activated catalysts transform the compound into smaller oxygenated products.
This provides a model system for studying advanced oxidation treatment of aromatic contaminants.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in biodegradation studies.
Microorganisms can be evaluated for their ability to transform and degrade this aromatic phenol.
Biphenyl-2-ol can therefore serve as a model substrate in studies of microbial aromatic-compound metabolism.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in environmental fate studies.
Researchers can investigate its partitioning between water, sediment, soil, and organic matter.
These studies help determine how the compound moves through environmental systems.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in soil and sediment sorption experiments.
Its relatively hydrophobic structure allows researchers to examine interactions between aromatic chemicals and organic-rich solid phases.
The resulting data can be used to estimate environmental mobility.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in studies of chemical transformation products.
Oxidation and biodegradation experiments can generate hydroxylated and other oxygen-containing derivatives.
Researchers analyze these products to understand the compound's degradation pathways.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in food-residue analysis.
Where its use is legally permitted, analytical laboratories can determine residues remaining on treated agricultural products.
This allows compliance with established maximum residue limits and food-safety requirements.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in food-packaging and migration research.
Researchers can investigate whether the compound transfers from a material into food or a food simulant.
Such studies are useful for evaluating potential consumer exposure under defined conditions.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in polymer and rubber research.
Biphenyl-2-ol can serve as a model aromatic phenolic compound when studying additive migration, extraction, and chemical interactions.
Its detection can also help characterize complex polymer formulations.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in studies of antimicrobial materials.
Researchers can incorporate or chemically modify phenolic structures to investigate materials with resistance to microbial growth.
The biphenyl framework provides a hydrophobic component that can influence interactions with microbial membranes.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in toxicological research.
Laboratories can investigate its effects on microorganisms, cultured cells, aquatic organisms, and other biological systems.
These studies help establish relationships between concentration, exposure, and biological response.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in structure–activity relationship studies.
Researchers can compare it with phenol, naphthol, and other substituted aromatic compounds.
Such comparisons help determine how molecular structure influences antimicrobial and toxicological activity.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in computational chemistry studies.
Its molecular structure can be modeled to investigate electronic properties, molecular orbitals, and potential reaction sites.
Computational results can complement experimental studies of its chemical behavior.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used as a model compound in aromatic-chemistry research.
Its combination of a biphenyl framework and phenolic hydroxyl group provides several experimentally accessible reaction pathways.
This makes it useful for investigating substitution, oxidation, derivatization, and environmental transformation.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in quality-control laboratories.
It can be measured in raw materials, finished products, environmental samples, and analytical extracts.
Reliable quantification helps verify product composition and monitor potential contamination.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in forensic and investigative analytical chemistry.
Its presence can sometimes provide information about the composition or history of an unknown chemical sample.
Chromatographic and mass-spectrometric methods can be used to confirm its identity.
Biphenyl-2-ol is used in research on phenolic preservatives.
Biphenyl-2-ol historical application provides a useful model for studying the antimicrobial effectiveness and chemical behavior of phenolic preservation agents.
Researchers can compare it with alternative preservatives and antimicrobial compounds.
Overall, Biphenyl-2-ol is mainly used for its antimicrobial properties, as a chemical intermediate, and as an analytical reference compound.
Additional applications occur in environmental monitoring, food-residue analysis, polymer research, toxicology, and chemical synthesis.
Its historical importance is particularly associated with post-harvest antifungal treatment of citrus and other agricultural products.
Safety Profile Of Biphenyl-2-ol:
A poison by intraperitoneal route, moderately toxic by ingestion and possibly other routes, an experimental teratogen.
Other experimentalreproductive effects, human mutation data reported.Severe eye and moderate skin irritant. Questionablecarcinogen wi
Biphenyl-2-ol can cause skin irritation.
Direct contact with the compound may produce redness, itching, dryness, or irritation.
Protective gloves and suitable laboratory clothing should therefore be worn during handling.
Biphenyl-2-ol can cause serious eye irritation.
Contact with the solid or concentrated solutions may cause redness, watering, pain, and discomfort.
Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles should be used to prevent eye exposure.
Biphenyl-2-ol can be harmful if swallowed.
Ingestion may cause irritation of the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract.
Eating, drinking, and smoking should therefore be prohibited in areas where the chemical is handled.
Biphenyl-2-ol may be harmful if inhaled as dust.
Although it has relatively low volatility at room temperature, powdered material can become airborne during weighing or transfer.
Dust generation should be minimized and appropriate ventilation should be provided.
Biphenyl-2-ol dust can irritate the respiratory tract.
Inhalation of airborne particles may result in coughing, throat irritation, or respiratory discomfort.
Handling powdered material under local exhaust ventilation is preferable.
Biphenyl-2-ol can cause irritation after prolonged or repeated skin exposure.
Repeated contact can remove natural skin oils and increase local irritation.
Good chemical hygiene and appropriate protective gloves can reduce this exposure.
Biphenyl-2-ol may cause skin sensitization in susceptible individuals.
Phenolic compounds can produce allergic responses in some exposed people, although the likelihood depends on the specific exposure conditions.
Persistent or recurring skin reactions should be investigated and further exposure minimized.
