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Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), commonly known as BHT, is an organic compound that is used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industry as an antioxidant.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a substituted derivative of phenol.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) helps to prevent the formation of free radicals and oxidation.
CAS Number: 128-37-0
Molecular Formula: C15H24O
Molecular Weight: 220.35
EINECS Number: 204-881-4
Synonyms: 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 128-37-0, Butylhydroxytoluene, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, Ionol, DBPC, Dibunol, Stavox, BHT, Impruvol, Ionol CP, Dalpac, Deenax, Ionole, Kerabit, Topanol, Vianol, Antioxidant KB, Antioxidant 4K, Sumilizer BHT, Topanol O, Topanol OC, Vanlube PC, Antioxidant 29, Antioxidant 30, Antioxidant DBPC, Sustane BHT, Tenamene 3, Vanlube PCX, Nonox TBC, Tenox BHT, Phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-, Chemanox 11, Agidol, Catalin CAO-3, Ionol 1, Advastab 401, 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, BUKS, Parabar 441, Antrancine 8, Vulkanox KB, Catalin antioxydant 1, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-cresol, Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, Ionol (antioxidant), Paranox 441, 2,6-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol, Antioxidant MPJ, Antioxidant 4, Alkofen BP, 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol, AO 4K, CAO 1, CAO 3, Di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol, Swanox BHT, Antox QT, Tenamen 3, Agidol 1, Antioxidant 264, Bht (food grade), FEMA No. 2184, o-Di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol, 4-Methyl-2,6-tert-butylphenol, Tonarol, Antioxidant T 501, Ional, Nocrac 200, AO 29, NCI-C03598, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-1-hydroxy-4-methylbenzene, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol, 4-Methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, Caswell No. 291A, 2,6-Di-terc.butyl-p-kresol, Dbpc (technical grade), Toxolan P, 4-Hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyltoluene, Butylhydroxytoluenum, Di-tert-butylcresol, AOX 4K, 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol, Ionol CP-antioxidant, P 21, 2,6-DI-T-BUTYL-P-CRESOL, AOX 4, Butyl hydroxy toluene, 4-Methyl-2,6-di-terc. butylfenol, CCRIS 103, AO 4, 1-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylbenzene, Popol, HSDB 1147, BHT 264, C15H24O, Annulex BHT, Bht(food grade), NSC 6347, NSC-6347, EINECS 204-881-4, Ionol BHT, Ralox BHT, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol, Butylohydroksytoluenu, Butylohydroksytoluenu [Polish], 2,6-ditertiary-butyl-p-cresol, INS NO.321, Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (VAN), 4-Methyl-2,6-ditertbutylphenol, Dbpc(technical grade), DTXSID2020216, E321, CHEBI:34247, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylhydroxybenzene, Ionol" CP-antioxidant, AI3-19683, p-Cresol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-, INS-321, 1P9D0Z171K, 2,6-bis(tert-butyl)-4-methylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butylcresol, CHEMBL146, 2,6-Di-terc.butyl-p-kresol [Czech], EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 022105, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol-d24, Di-tert-Butyl-4-methylphenol, DTXCID20216, UNII-1P9D0Z171K, 4-Methyl-2,6-di-terc. butylfenol [Czech], E-321, FEMA 2184, NSC6347, 4-Methyl-2,6-di-t-butyl-phenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl phenol, NCGC00091761-03, 4-METHYL-2,6-DITERTIARY-BUTYL-PHENOL, EC 204-881-4, 1219805-92-1, 2,6-DI(TERT-BUTYL-D9)-4-METHYLPHENOL-3,5,O-D3, 2,6-DI-TERT-BUTYL-P-CRESOL2,6-BIS(1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL)-4-METHYL-PHENOL, MFCD00011644, BUTYLHYDROXYTOLUENE (EP MONOGRAPH), BUTYLHYDROXYTOLUENE [EP MONOGRAPH], CAS-128-37-0, di-tert-butyl-methylphenol, Di tert butyl methylphenol, 2,6 Di tert butyl p cresol, 4 Methyl 2,6 ditertbutylphenol, Antracine 8, 2,6 Di t butyl 4 methylphenol, Embanox BHT, Hydagen DEO, Lowinox BHT, Nipanox BHT, BHT Swanox, BHT, food grade, etc.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is insoluble in water, 10NaOH solution, glycerol, and propylene glycol.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is odorless, odorless with good thermal stability.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is widely used to prevent free radical-mediated oxidation in fluids (e.g. fuels, oils) and other materials, and the regulations overseen by the U.S. F.D.A.—which considers Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) to be "generally recognized as safe"—allow small amounts to be added to foods.
Despite this, and the earlier determination by the National Cancer Institute that Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) was noncarcinogenic in an animal model, societal concerns over its broad use have been expressed.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has also been postulated as an antiviral drug, but as of December 2022, use of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) as a drug is not supported by the scientific literature and it has not been approved by any drug regulatory agency for use as an antiviral.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a synthetic antioxidant.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) reduces freeze-thaw-induced malondialdehyde (MDA) production and increases sperm viability in boar spermatozoa preparations.
Formulations containing Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) have been used as antioxidant cosmetic and food additives.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is an antioxidant shown to be chemopreventive against a variety of carcinogens.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) scavenges peroxide, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; ), superoxide, and ABTS radicals in cell-free assays, as well as inhibits lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid (Item Nos. 90150 | 90150.1 | 21909) in vitro when used at a concentration of 45 μg/ml.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is white or light yellow crystal.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a phenolic antioxidant used in the preservation of a wide variety of products, including shelf-stable baked goods.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), also known as dibutylhydroxytoluene, is a lipophilic organic compound, chemically a derivative of phenol, that is useful for its antioxidant properties.
Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) are used as preservatives in a variety of personal care products.
Both of these chemicals are also used as preservatives in foods.
These chemicals are linked to several health concerns including endocrine disruption and organ-system toxicity.
When used in food products, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) delays oxidative rancidity of fats and oils, and prevents loss of activity of oil-soluble vitamins.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) may be found in pharmaceutical gels, creams and liquid or gelatin capsules, tablets and other pharmaceutical dosage forms.
The ability of oral Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) to lead to cancer is a controversial topic, but most food industries have replaced it with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA).
A large review from 2002 concluded that Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is safe for use on the skin in cosmetics.
BHA and BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) are monohydric phenolic antioxidants that, prior to their introduction and acceptance in the food industry, were used to protect petroleum against oxidative degumming.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has a very faint, musty, occasional cresylictype odor.
BHA and Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) are extensively used in foods as antioxidants.
Most fats, oils and fat-containing foods are naturally susceptible to rapid rancification and other oxidative reactions that produce compounds having objectionable taste and odor, making foods containing them unpalatable.
Lipid oxidation is autocatalytic and proceeds as a complex of chain reactions, the nature and speed of which vary with the substrate, temperature, light, availability of oxygen and presence or absence of oxidation catalysts.
Antioxidants like Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) act as “chain breaks” in the autooxidation processes under the usual conditions of processing, storage and use of fat-containing foods.
The chemical synthesis of BHT in industry has involved the reaction of p-cresol (4-methylphenol) with isobutylene (2-methylpropene), catalyzed by sulfuric acid: CH3(C6H4)OH + 2 CH2=C(CH3)2 → ((CH3)3C)2CH3C6H2OH
Alternatively, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has been prepared from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol by hydroxymethylation or aminomethylation followed by hydrogenolysis.
The species behaves as a synthetic analog of vitamin E, primarily acting as a terminating agent that suppresses autoxidation, a process whereby unsaturated (usually) organic compounds are attacked by atmospheric oxygen.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) stops this autocatalytic reaction by converting peroxy radicals to hydroperoxides.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) effects this function by donating a hydrogen atom: RO2• + ArOH → ROOH + ArO•
RO2• + ArO• → nonradical products
where R is alkyl or aryl, and where ArOH is Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) or related phenolic antioxidants.
Each Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) consumes two peroxy radicals.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is an antioxidant food additive and is also found in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, jet fuels, rubber, petroleum products, and embalming fluid.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a man-made chemical commonly used as a preservative in processed foods.
Similar to the synthetic preservative Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) with which it is often used, BHT is an antioxidant that is soluble in oils and animal fats (it actually has greater solubility than does BHA).
Both BHA and Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) are used to extend shelf life of processed foods by reducing the occurrence of oxidation and rancidity.
Instead of being added directly to the food itself, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is usually added to the packaging material from where it vaporizes into the food during storage.
Since it may be classified as an incidental food additive when used in this manner, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) does not legally need to be listed with other ingredients on the food label.
Processed foods most likely to contain Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) include chewing gum, active dry yeast, frozen convenience foods, prepared cereal products, prepared snacks, dried and processed meat, potato flakes, enriched rice products and shortening.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is also a chemical preservative used in animal feeds and drugs; therefore eatomg non-organic meats and dairy products may be another way in which exposure occurs.
In addition to its use in food preservation, BHA is also used in the manufacture of rubber, tires and petroleum and is an ingredient in some cosmetics.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is on the Federal Drug Administrations Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) list of food additives, it carries with it risk of toxicity.
Although not been enough research has been conducted involving humans to establish whether or not Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a carcinogen (chemical capable of causing cancer), limited evidence in animals suggests that BHT is carcinogenic.
Some of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT)'s potential carcinogenicity may come from its ability to cause toxic disruption of cell signaling, a process where chemical information is transferred from one cell to another or between different structures within the same cell.
Proper cellular communication is not only important for optimal functioning of the bodys systems, but researchers now believe that poor communication between cells may be one of the causes of overgrowth of cells, a condition which eventually leads to cancer.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has been found to have other some adverse effects in animals including inhibiting normal growth patterns and causing reversible liver enlargement.
At high levels in animals, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has caused significant brain and behavioral changes.
Since Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has been found to inhibit the enzymes that white blood cells (phagocytes) use to destroy bacteria, BHT disrupts the proper functioning of the immune system.
Additionally, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) seems to be capable of uncoupling a critical cellular energy-producing process known as phosphorylation with the result being a diminished supply of cellular energy available to power the cells, and therefore, the body.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), commonly known as BHT, is a synthetic antioxidant that is used as a food preservative and in various industrial applications.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a white, crystalline powder or a waxy substance and is classified as a synthetic antioxidant because it helps prevent oxidation and spoilage of fats and oils, which can lead to the development of rancidity and off-flavors in food products.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a synthetic phenolic compound mainly used as an antioxidant and preservative in the food industry.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is used to prevent the lipid oxidation in oils and fat-containing foods.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) toxicity is generally considered as being low.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has a melting point of 71°C, a boiling point of 265°C, a relative density of 1.048 (20/4°C), and a refractive index of 1.4859 (75°C).
Solubility of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) at normal temperature: methanol 25, ethanol 25-26, isopropanol 30, mineral oil 30, acetone 40, petroleum ether 50, benzene 40, lard (40-50°C ) 40-50, corn oil and soybean oil 40-50.
Melting point: 69-73 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 265 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.048
vapor density: 7.6 (vs air)
vapor pressure: <0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: 1.4859
FEMA: 2184 | BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE
Flash point: 127 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: methanol: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
form: Crystals
pka: pKa 14(H2O t = 25 c = 0.002 to 0.01) (Uncertain)
color: white
Odor: faint characteristic odor
Odor Type: phenolic
Water Solubility: insoluble
Merck: 14,1548
BRN: 1911640
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 2 mg/m3
NIOSH: TWA 10 mg/m3
Stability: Stable, but light-sensitive, Incompatible with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, brass, copper, copper alloys, steel, bases, oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 5.2
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a phenolic antioxidant.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has been shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) causes lung injury and promotes tumors in mice, but this may be due to a metabolite of Butylated Hydroxytoluene, 6-tert-butyl-2-[2′-(2′-hydroxymethyl)-propyl]-4-methylphenol.
Metabolites of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) have also been reported to induce DNA strand breaks and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation (a characteristic of apoptosis) in cultured cells.
In rats, a single intraperitoneal injection of Butylated Hydroxytoluene (60 mg/kg body mass) results in a significant increase in nuclear DNA methyl transferase activity in the liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, brain and lungs.
Incubation of alveolar macrophages with Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) significantly reduced the level of TNF-α which may explain the mechanism by which this antioxidant reduces inflammation.
Preincubation of aspirin-treated platelets with Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) inhibits the secretion, aggregation, and protein phosphorylation induced by protein kinase C activators.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) was also found to inhibit the initiation of hepatocarcinogenesis by aflatoxin B1.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a phenolic antioxidant.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) can inhibit lipid peroxidation and cause lung injury in mice and promote tumor growth, which may be due to the metabolites of Butylated Hydroxytoluene, 6-tert-butyl-2-[2′-(2′-hydroxymethyl)-propyl]-4-Methylphenol.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) metabolites have also been reported to cause DNA strand breaks in cultured cells and DNA breaks between nucleosomes (a typical feature of apoptosis).
A single intraperitoneal injection of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) (60mg/kg body weight) into rats caused a significant increase in nuclear DNA methyltransferase activity in the liver, kidney, heart, spleen, brain, and lung.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) in n-hexane at room temperature, then cool with rapid stirring, to -60o.
The precipitate is separated, redissolved in hexane, and the process is repeated until the mother liquor is no longer coloured.
The final product is stored under N2 at 0o [Blanchard J Am Chem Soc 82 2014 1960].
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has also been recrystallised from EtOH, MeOH, *benzene, n-hexane, methylcyclohexane or pet ether (b 60-80o), and is dried in a vacuum.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is phenolic and undergoes reactions characteristic of phenols.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents such as peroxides and permanganates.
Contact with oxidizing agents may cause spontaneous combustion.
Iron salts cause discoloration with loss of activity.
Heating with catalytic amounts of acids causes rapid decomposition with the release of the flammable gas isobutene.
BHA and Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) can induce allergic reactions in the skin.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies BHA as a possible human carcinogen.
The European Commission on Endocrine Disruption has also listed Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) as a Category 1 priority substance, based on evidence that it interferes with hormone function.
While Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is on the Federal Drug Administrations Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) list of food additives, it carries with it risk of toxicity.
Although there has not been enough research conducted involving humans to establish whether or not Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a carcinogen (chemical capable of causing cancer) there is limited evidence in animals that BHT is carcinogenic.
Some of its potential carcinogenicity may come from its ability to cause toxic disruption of cell signaling, a process where chemical information is transferred from one cell to the other or between different structures within the same cell.
Proper cellular communication is not only important for optimal functioning of the bodys systems but researchers now believe that poor communication between cells may be one of the causes of overproliferation of cells, a condition which eventually leads to cancer.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has been found to have other some adverse effects in animals including inhibiting normal growth patterns and causing reversible liver enlargement while at high levels, significant brain and behavioral changes have also been observed.
Since it has been found to inhibit the enzymes that phagocytes (white blood cells) use to destroy bacteria, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) disrupts the proper functioning of the immune system.
Additionally, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) seems to be capable of uncoupling a cellular energy-producing process known as phosphorylation with the result being a diminished supply of cellular energy available to power the cells, and therefore, the body.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is chemically classified as a derivative of phenol.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT)s chemical formula is C15H24O, and its systematic name is 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) consists of a phenolic ring with two tert-butyl (2-methyl-2-propanol) groups attached to the carbon atoms in the ortho positions relative to the phenolic hydroxyl group.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) works as an antioxidant by inhibiting or slowing down the oxidative breakdown of molecules, particularly fats and oils.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) accomplishes this by donating hydrogen atoms to free radicals (highly reactive molecules) that are formed during the oxidation process.
This process helps prevent the chain reaction of oxidative damage.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is often used in combination with other antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), to enhance its antioxidant properties.
This combination can provide more comprehensive protection against oxidation in various products.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is regulated by food safety agencies in many countries, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).
These agencies set specific limits on the amount of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) that can be used in various food products to ensure it does not exceed safe levels.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is considered safe when used within established limits, there has been some controversy and debate over its safety at higher doses.
Some animal studies have suggested potential adverse health effects, such as liver and thyroid issues, at high doses.
However, these findings have not been consistently replicated in human studies, and Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is generally considered safe when consumed at the low levels found in most foods.
Due to concerns about synthetic antioxidants like Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), some food manufacturers have explored natural alternatives, such as rosemary extract (containing rosemary acid) and tocopherols (vitamin E), to preserve the freshness of their products while meeting consumer demand for more natural ingredients.
Uses Of Butyl Hydroxy Toluene (BHT):
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is used as a preservative ingredient in some foods.
With this usage BHT maintains freshness or prevents spoilage; it may be used to decrease the rate at which the texture, color, or flavor of food changes.
Some food companies have voluntarily eliminated Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) from their products or have announced that they were going to phase it out.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is probably the most efficient anti-oxidant used in perfumery.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is almost odourless in use but as a pure white to off-white crystalline powder has a very faint musty cresylic phenolic odour.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is used from 0.1% in citrus oils, alipihatic aldehydes, fixed oils and many other oxygen sensitive materials, compounds and finished products it can greatly extend their shelf and odour life and also slow down, but not completely stop, colour changes.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is primarily used as an antioxidant in the food and cosmetic industries.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) helps extend the shelf life of products by preventing the oxidation of fats and oils, which can cause them to become rancid.
In food, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is often added to products like potato chips, baked goods, and snack foods.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is used as a preservative in various products, including rubber, plastics, and petroleum products, to prevent degradation and maintain their quality over time.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a synthetic compound, meaning it is not naturally occurring.
It is chemically derived from toluene.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is also used in the production of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and as an additive in some industrial applications, such as lubricants and fuel.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is also used in the manufacture of rubber, tires and petroleum and is an ingredient in some cosmetics.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is commonly used in the food industry as a food additive to prevent the oxidation of fats and oils in processed foods.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) helps extend the shelf life of products by preventing rancidity and off-flavors in items like snack foods, baked goods, and cereal.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is utilized in cosmetics, skincare products, and toiletries to prevent the deterioration of oils and fats in these products.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) helps maintain the product's quality and appearance over time.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is used in some pharmaceutical formulations to protect sensitive drug compounds from degradation due to exposure to oxygen and light.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) can be found in certain medications and supplements.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is employed as a stabilizer and antioxidant in the production of plastics and polymers.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) helps prevent the degradation of these materials caused by exposure to heat and UV radiation.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is used in the rubber industry to extend the life of rubber products, such as tires, by protecting them from oxidative degradation.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is added to petroleum products, including lubricating oils and jet fuels, to inhibit oxidation and improve their stability and performance.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is used as an antioxidant in some inks and printing materials to prevent the ink from drying out and becoming unusable.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) can be found in certain adhesive and sealant formulations to enhance their resistance to environmental degradation.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is sometimes used in electronic materials and equipment to prevent the oxidation of certain components.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is used as an antioxidant in some fuel formulations to reduce the formation of deposits and improve combustion efficiency.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is also used as an antioxidant in products such as metalworking fluids, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, rubber, transformer oils, and embalming fluid.
In the petroleum industry, where Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is known as the fuel additive AO-29, it is used in hydraulic fluids, turbine and gear oils, and jet fuels.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is also used to prevent peroxide formation in organic ethers and other solvents and laboratory chemicals.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is added to certain monomers as a polymerisation inhibitor to facilitate their safe storage.
Some additive products contain Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) as their primary ingredient, while others contain the chemical merely as a component of their formulation, sometimes alongside butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA).
Add directly to the shortening, as well as to baked goods containing fats, to prevent fat rancidity.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is not thermally stable.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) evaporates at a temperature below 100oC, and evaporates/decomposes completely at 250oC.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has the least thermal resistance among synthetic antioxidants like PG (propyl gallate), BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) and TBHQ (tertiary-butyl hydroquinone).2
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) has wide application, such as flavors, fragrances, biochemical reagents-other chemical reagents, chemical raw materials, organic chemical raw materials, biochemical, inorganic salts, antioxidants, food additives, feed additives, feed storage additives, aromatic hydrocarbons, bulk drugs and so on.
As a phenolic antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene can inhibit lipid peroxidation and exhibit electrophilic quinone methyl ether toxicity mediated by oxidative metabolism.
The BHT metabolites, 6-tert-butyl-2- [2 ′-(2′-hydroxymethyl) -propyl] -4-methylphenol, may cause lung damage in mice and promote tumor growth.
Because they prevent rancidity, antioxidants are of great interest to the food industry.
For example, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and EDTA are frequently used to preserve various foods, such as cheese or fried products.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a powerful inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, yet large doses of it can induce oxidative DNA damage and cancer development in the rat forestomach.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is an antioxidant that functions similarly to butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) but is less stable at high temperatures.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is also termed 2,6-di-tert-butyl-para-cresol. See Butylated Hydroxyanisole.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is also known as butylated hydroxy toluene.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is an anti-oxidant that also has preservative and masking capabilities.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is listed by the NIH Hazardous Substances Data Bank under several categories in catalogues and databases, such as food additive, household product ingredient, industrial additive, personal care product/cosmetic ingredient, pesticide ingredient, plastic/rubber ingredient and medical/veterinary/research.
Safety Profile Of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT):
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in food at low levels, but its safety has been a topic of debate and research.
Some studies have raised concerns about potential health risks associated with high doses of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), though these findings are not conclusive.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT)'s important to note that BHT is regulated by food safety authorities in many countries to ensure it is used within established safety limits.
In animal studies, high doses of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) have been associated with adverse health effects, including liver and thyroid issues.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT)'s important to note that these studies often involve much higher doses than what is typically consumed in food or used in products.
The relevance of these findings to human health is a subject of ongoing research and debate.
Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), experiencing skin irritation or other allergic reactions when it comes into contact with their skin or when consumed in larger quantities.
Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is metabolized and excreted in the urine mainly as glucuronide conjugates of oxidation products.
Although there have been some isolated reports of adverse skin reactions, Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is generally regarded as nonirritant and nonsensitizing at the levels employed as an antioxidant.
The WHO has set a temporary estimated acceptable daily intake for Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) at up to 125 μg/kg body-weight.
Ingestion of 4 g of Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), although causing severe nausea and vomiting, has been reported to be nonfatal.
