PRODUCTS

C16 PALMITIC ACID

C16 Palmitic Acid is used in determination of water hardness, used in echo enhancement in sonographic Doppler B-mode imaging and as an ultrasound contrast medium.
C16 Palmitic Acid is used in the production of soaps, detergents and cosmetics as an emulsifier.
C16 Palmitic Acid is also a texturing agent for foods, a waxy cover for fruits and vegetables, and a source of anionic and nonionic surfactants and esters.

CAS Number: 57-10-3
EC Number: 200-312-9
Chemical formula: C16H32O2
Molar mass: 256.430 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Palmitic Acid, Hexadecanoic Acid, Hexadecanoic acid, Palmitic acid, C16:0 (Lipid numbers), palmitic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, 57-10-3, Cetylic acid, palmitate, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Hexadecylic acid, Hydrofol, n-Hexadecoic acid, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, Palmitinic acid, hexaectylic acid, Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, hexadecoic acid, 1-Hexyldecanoic Acid, Industrene 4516, Emersol 140, Emersol 143, Hystrene 8016, Hystrene 9016, Palmitinsaeure, Palmitic acid, pure, Palmitic acid 95%, Kortacid 1698, FEMA No. 2832, Loxiol EP 278, Palmitic acid (natural), Hydrofol Acid 1690, Cetyl acid, Prifac 2960, C16:0, HSDB 5001, Pristerene 4934, Pristerene-4934, Edenor C16, NSC 5030, AI3-01594, Lunac P 95KC, Lunac P 95, Lunac P 98, CCRIS 5443, Prifac-2960, CHEBI:15756, NSC5030, NSC-5030, EINECS 200-312-9, UNII-2V16EO95H1, FA 16:0, BRN 0607489, Palmitic acid (NF), DTXSID2021602, Glycon P-45, IMEX C 1498, 2V16EO95H1, Hexadecanoic acid (9CI), MFCD00002747, Palmitic acid (7CI,8CI), CHEMBL82293, DTXCID101602, CH3-[CH2]14-COOH, EC 200-312-9, 4-02-00-01157 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), n-hexadecoate, LMFA01010001, PA 900, EDENOR C 16-98-100, 67701-02-4, FA 1695, SURFAXIN COMPONENT PALMITIC ACID, 1-hexyldecanoate, NCGC00164358-01, LUCINACTANT COMPONENT PALMITIC ACID, pentadecanecarboxylate, Hexadecanoic acid 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, HEXADECANOIC-11,11,12,12-D4 ACID, PALMITIC ACID (II), PALMITIC ACID [II], PALMITIC ACID (MART.), PALMITIC ACID [MART.], CH3-(CH2)14-COOH, Palmitic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, PLM, palmic acid, Hexadecanoate (n-C16:0), PALMITIC ACID (EP MONOGRAPH), PALMITIC ACID [EP MONOGRAPH], Acid, Palmitic, CAS-57-10-3, Acid, Hexadecanoic, SR-01000944716, Palmitic acid [USAN:NF], palmitoate, Hexadecoate, Palmitinate, Palmitinsaure, palmitic-acid, palmitoic acid, Hexadecanoicacid, Aethalic acid, Hexadecanoic acid Palmitic acid, 2hmb, 2hnx, Palmitic acid_jeyam, n-Hexadecyclic Acid, fatty acid 16:0, Palmitic Acid, FCC, Kortacid 1695, Palmitic acid_RaGuSa, Univol U332, 1219802-61-5, Prifrac 2960, Hexadecanoic acid anion, Hexadecanoic--d5 Acid, 3v2q, Palmitic acid, >=99%, bmse000590, Epitope ID:141181, CETYL ACID [VANDF], PALMITIC ACID [MI], SCHEMBL6177, PALMITIC ACID [DSC], PALMITIC ACID [FCC], PALMITIC ACID [FHFI], PALMITIC ACID [HSDB], PALMITIC ACID [INCI], PALMITIC ACID [USAN], FAT, WLN: QV15, P5585_SIGMA, PALMITIC ACID [VANDF], GTPL1055, QSPL 166, PALMITIC ACID [USP-RS], PALMITIC ACID [WHO-DD], (1(1)(3)C)hexadecanoic acid, 1b56, HMS3649N08, Palmitic acid, analytical standard, Palmitic acid, BioXtra, >=99%, Palmitic acid, Grade II, ~95%, HY-N0830, Palmitic acid, natural, 98%, FG, Tox21_112105, Tox21_201671, Tox21_302966, AC9381, BDBM50152850, s3794, Palmitic acid, >=95%, FCC, FG, AKOS005720983, Tox21_112105_1, CCG-267027, CR-0047, DB03796, Palmitic acid, for synthesis, 98.0%, NCGC00164358-02, NCGC00164358-03, NCGC00256424-01, NCGC00259220-01, BP-27917, Palmitic acid, purum, >=98.0% (GC), SY006518, CS-0009861, FT-0626965, FT-0772579, P0002, P1145, Palmitic acid, SAJ first grade, >=95.0%, EN300-19603, C00249, D05341, Palmitic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%, PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SPIRULINA), Palmitic acid, >=98% palmitic acid basis (GC), A831313, Q209727, PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF FLAX SEED OIL), PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SAW PALMETTO), SR-01000944716-1, SR-01000944716-2, BA71C79B-C9B1-451A-A5BE-B480B5CC7D0C, PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF BORAGE SEED OIL), PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SPIRULINA) [DSC], F0001-1488, Z104474418, PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF EVENING PRIMROSE OIL), PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SAW PALMETTO) [DSC], Palmitic acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), Palmitic acid, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard, Palmitic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, Palmitic acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard, Certified Reference Material, Sodium Palmitate, Palmitic acid sodium salt, Sodium hexadecanoate, Sodium pentadecanecarboxylate, HSDB 759, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Palmitic acid, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, Cetostearic acid, Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, Palmitinic acid, (E)-[p-((1,2-Dihydroxypropyloxy)-p′-(propargyloxy)] azobenzene, Palmitates, Cetylic acid, NSC 5030, n-Hexadecoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, n-Hexadecoic acid, Palmitic acid, Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, Cetylic acid, Emersol 140, Emersol 143, Hexadecylic acid, Hydrofol, Hystrene 8016, Hystrene 9016, Industrene 4516, Glycon P-45, Prifac 2960, NSC 5030, Palmitinic acid, Kortacid 1695, 60605-23-4, 116860-99-2, 212625-86-0, Hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), Hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid, Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid), 1-Hexyldecanoic acid, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, 16:00, C16, C16 Fatty acid, C16:0, Cetylic acid, CH3-[CH2]14-COOH, FA 16:0, Hexadecanoate, Hexadecoic acid, Hexadecylic acid, Hexaectylic acid, N-Hexadecanoic acid, N-Hexadecoic acid, Palmitate, Palmitinic acid, Palmitinsaeure, Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, 1-Hexyldecanoate, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylate, Cetylate, Hexadecanoic acid, Hexadecoate, Hexadecylate, Hexaectylate, N-Hexadecanoate, N-Hexadecoate, Palmitinate, Pentadecanecarboxylate, Edenor C16, Emersol 140, Emersol 143, Glycon p-45, Hexadecanoate (N-C16:0), Hexadecanoic acid palmitic acid, Hydrofol, Hydrofol acid 1690, Hystrene 8016, Hystrene 9016, Industrene 4516, Kortacid 1698, Loxiol ep 278, Lunac p 95, Lunac p 95KC, Lunac p 98, Palmitoate, Palmitoic acid, PAM, PLM, Prifac 2960, Prifrac 2960, Pristerene 4934, Univol u332, Acid, hexadecanoic, Acid, palmitic, FA(16:0), n-hexadecanoic acid, 1-hexadecanoic acid, hexdecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, MFCD00002747, EINECS 200-312-9, Neo-Fat 16, Palmitic acid, 1-Hexyldecanoate, 1-Hexyldecanoic acid, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylate, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, 16:00, Acid, hexadecanoic, Acid, palmitic, Aethalic acid, C16, C16 Fatty acid, C16 fatty acid, C16:0, Cetylate, Cetylic acid, CH3-[CH2]14-COOH, Edenor C16, Emersol 140, Emersol 143, FA 16:0, FA(16:0), FEMA 2832, Glycon p-45, Glycon P-45, Hexadecanoate, Hexadecanoate (N-C16:0), Hexadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid (9CI), Hexadecanoic acid palmitic acid, Hexadecoate, Hexadecoic acid, Hexadecylate, Hexadecylic acid, Hexaectylate, Hexaectylic acid, Hydrofol, Hydrofol acid 1690, Hystrene 8016, Hystrene 9016, Industrene 4516, Kortacid 1698, Loxiol ep 278, Lunac p 95, Lunac P 95, Lunac p 95KC, Lunac P 95kc, Lunac p 98, Lunac P 98, N-Hexadecanoate, N-Hexadecanoic acid, N-Hexadecoate, N-Hexadecoic acid, Palmitate, Palmitic acid, Palmitic acid, USAN, Palmitinate, Palmitinic acid, Palmitinsaeure, Palmitoate, Palmitoic acid, PAM, 1-hexyldecanoate, 1-hexyldecanoic acid, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, C16 fatty acid, Cetylic acid, Coconut oil fatty acids, Edenor C16, Hexadecanoate, Hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid, Hexadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), Hexadecanoic acid palmitic acid, Hexadecoate, Hexadecoic acid, Hexadecylic acid, Hexaectylic acid, Hydrofol, n-Hexadecanoate, n-Hexadecanoic acid, n-Hexadecoate, n-Hexadecoic acid, Palmitate, palmitic acid, Palmitinate, Palmitinic acid, Palmitinsaeure, palmitoate, palmitoic acid, PAM, Pentadecanecarboxylate, Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, PLM, 16:00, C16, C16:0, CH3-[CH2]14-COOH, FA 16:0, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylate, Cetylate, Hexadecylate, Hexaectylate, Emersol 140, Emersol 143, Glycon p-45, Hexadecanoate (N-C16:0), Hydrofol acid 1690, Hystrene 8016, Hystrene 9016, Industrene 4516, Kortacid 1698, Loxiol ep 278, Lunac p 95, Lunac p 95KC, Lunac p 98, Prifac 2960, Prifrac 2960, Pristerene 4934, Univol u332, Acid, hexadecanoic, Acid, palmitic, FA(16:0), C16H32O2, Hexadecanoic Acid, Cetylic Acid, Palmitate, n-Hexadecanoic Acid, Hexadecanoic Acid Palmitic Acid, 1 Pentadecanecarboxylic Acid, Pentadecanecarboxylic Acid, 1 Pentadecanecarboxylate, Hexadecanoate (N C16:0), Pentadecanecarboxylate, 1 Hexyldecanoic Acid, N Hexadecanoic Acid, Hydrofol Acid 1690, Acid, Hexadecanoic, 16:00, N Hexadecoic Acid, Hexadecanoic Acid, Ch3 [Ch2]14 Cooh, Hexadecylic Acid, Hexaectylic Acid, 1 Hexyldecanoate, Hexadecoic Acid, Palmitinic Acid, N Hexadecanoate, Industrene 4516, Pristerene 4934, C16 Fatty Acid, Palmitinsaeure, Palmitoic Acid, Acid, Palmitic, Hexadecanoate, N Hexadecoate, Hystrene 8016, Hystrene 9016, Kortacid 1698, Loxiol Ep 278, Cetylic Acid, Hexadecylate, Hexaectylate, Lunac P 95 Kc, Prifrac 2960, Hexadecoate, Palmitinate, Emersol 140, Emersol 143, Glycon P 45, Prifac 2960, Univol U332, Edenor C16, Lunac P 95, Lunac P 98, Palmitoate, Palmitate, Cetylate, Hydrofol, Fa(16:0), C16:0, C16, Pam, Plm, Lauric acid, Dodecanoic acid, n-Dodecanoic acid, Dodecylic acid, Dodecoic acid, Laurostearic acid, Vulvic acid, 1-Undecanecarboxylic acid, Duodecylic acid, C12:0 (Lipid number), ABL, n-Lauric acid, Lauric acid FCC, Lauric acid FG, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, C16:0, Cetylic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, NSC 5030, PamOH, Palmitic acid, Palmitic Acid, Hexadecanoic acid, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, C16:0, Cetylic acid, NSC 5030, PamOH, Carboxylic acid C16, 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic Acid, A 1600, Cetylic Acid, Edenor C 16-98-100, Edenor C16, Emersol 143, FA 1695, Hydrofol Acid 1690, Hystrene 9016, KortAcid 1695, KortAcid 1698, Loxiol EP 278, Lunac P 95, Lunac P 95KC, Lunac P 98, NAA 160, NSC 5030, Neo-Fat 16, PA 900, Palmitinic Acid, Pentadecanecarboxylic Acid, Prifac 2960, Pristerene 4934, V 16

C16 Palmitic Acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid with a 16-carbon backbone and no double bonds (“C16:0”).
C16 Palmitic Acid is one of the most abundant saturated fatty acids in nature — occurring in palm oil (≈44% of fats), dairy fats (butter, cheese, milk), meat, cocoa butter, and many vegetable oils.

C16 Palmitic Acid plays a central role in lipid metabolism and is a major component of human body lipids and membrane structures.
C16 Palmitic Acid is its preferred IUPAC name in chemical nomenclature.
C16 Palmitic Acid (hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature) is a fatty acid with a 16-carbon chain.

C16 Palmitic Acid is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms.
C16 Palmitic Acid's chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D ratio (the total number of carbon atoms to the number of carbon-carbon double bonds) is 16:0.

C16 Palmitic Acid is a major component of palm oil from the fruit of Elaeis guineensis (oil palms), making up to 44% of total fats.
Meats, cheeses, butter, and other dairy products also contain C16 Palmitic Acid, amounting to 50–60% of total fats.
Palmitates are the salts and esters of C16 Palmitic Acid.

The palmitate anion is the observed form of C16 Palmitic Acid at physiologic pH (7.4).
Major sources of C16:0 are palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, and milk fat.
C16 Palmitic Acid is a straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.

C16 Palmitic Acid has a role as an EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor, a plant metabolite, a Daphnia magna metabolite and an algal metabolite.
C16 Palmitic Acid is a long-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid.

C16 Palmitic Acid is a conjugate acid of a hexadecanoate.
C16 Palmitic Acid (CAS No. 57-10-3, molecular formula C₁₆H₃₂O₂) is a saturated fatty acid derived from palm oil and animal fats.
Offered in white flake form with 98% purity, C16 Palmitic Acid is ideal for applications in formulation science, cosmetics, food emulsifiers, and biochemical research.

C16 Palmitic Acid is a common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.
C16 Palmitic Acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli.
C16 Palmitic Acid has been reported in Calodendrum capense, Camellia sinensis, and other organisms with data available.

C16 Palmitic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 16-carbon backbone.
C16 Palmitic Acid is found naturally in palm oil and palm kernel oil, as well as in butter, cheese, milk and meat.
C16 Palmitic Acid, or hexadecanoic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in animals and plants, a saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.

C16 Palmitic Acid occurs in the form of esters (glycerides) in oils and fats of vegetable and animal origin and is usually obtained from palm oil, which is widely distributed in plants.
C16 Palmitic Acid,CH3(CH2)14COOH or hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in animals and plants.

As its name indicates, C16 Palmitic Acid is a major component of the oil from palm trees (palm oil and palm kernel oil).
The word palmitic is from the French "palmitique", the pith of the palm tree.
C16 Palmitic Acid was discovered by Edmond Frémy in 1840, in saponified palm oil.

Butter, cheese, milk and meat also contain this fatty acid.
Palmitate is a term for the salts or esters of C16 Palmitic Acid.
The palmitate anion is the observed form of C16 Palmitic Acid at physiological pH.

C16 Palmitic Acid, also known as cetyl or hexadecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid found in abundance in plants and animals.
C16 Palmitic Acid has 16 carbon atoms (C16).
C16 Palmitic Acid is found especially in palm oil but also in all oils and fats of plant or animal origin (meat, butter, milk, cheese).

C16 Palmitic Acid is a renewable, vegetable based fatty acid that acts as an emollient in personal care products.
C16 Palmitic Acid is typically used in in bar and liquid soap.
C16 Palmitic Acid — also known as hexadecanoic acid — is available in liquid or solid (bead or flake) forms.

C16 Palmitic Acid has a light odor and a white or pale appearance, and it can last for up two years when stored according to instructions in the product MSDS (one year in its liquid form).
C16 Palmitic Acid, C16, also known as Hexadecanoic Acid, is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 16-carbon backbone derived from 100% coconut oil.

C16 Palmitic Acid, as the name implies, is a fatty acid present in palm oil.
C16 Palmitic Acid can also be derived from many other plant and vegetable sources — in fact, it is the most commonly occurring natural fatty acid in the world.

As a result of this ubiquity, C16 Palmitic Acid has a wide range of uses in manufacturing and other applications.
The most abundant fatty acid in nearly all organisms on earth is C16 Palmitic Acid (C16) — a saturated fatty acid with 16 carbons.
The main food sources of C16 Palmitic Acid include meat, animal fats, milk, dairy products, eggs, and vegetable oils – mainly palm oil.

C16 Palmitic Acid in our body serves as the building block of many other fatty acids, including but not limited to phospholipids, the fundamental component of cell membranes.
Emulsifying quality of C16 Palmitic Acid can have two totally opposite effects depending on the concentration and other biological, physiological causes.

C16 Palmitic Acid is a telling evidence that biology is heavily dependent on homeostasis, or finding the optimal balance between components.
C16 Palmitic Acid (PA) is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid (16:0) and the most common fatty acid in the human body.
C16 Palmitic Acid can be obtained via diet or synthesized from carbohydrates, other fatty acids, and amino acids.

As the name suggests, C16 Palmitic Acid is a major component of palm oil, but can also be found in meat, dairy, cocoa butter, coconut oil, and olive oil.
Palm oil and C16 Palmitic Acid are also found in many products ranging from skincare products, margarine, cereals, and baked goods.

Dietary intake of C16 Palmitic Acid is counterbalanced by de novo lipogenesis depending on the physiologic needs of a specific tissue, or nutritional factors.
Regardless of C16 Palmitic Acid intake, the body makes it as needed.

Excess C16 Palmitic Acid is converted to palmitoleic acid via delta-9-desaturase or elongation to stearic acid.
Homeostasis of C16 Palmitic Acid levels is tightly controlled.
C16 Palmitic Acid can be oxidized for energy production.

C16 Palmitic Acid is also used structurally in cell membranes and cell adhesion molecules, as well as being a component of lung surfactant.
C16 Palmitic Acid, a saturated fatty acid also known as hexadecanoic acid, is a key component in soaps, cosmetics, food additives, and industrial applications.

C16 Palmitic Acid is a common fatty acid found in plants and animals.
The body converts excess carbohydrates into C16 Palmitic Acid, thus C16 Palmitic Acid is the first fatty acid produced during fatty acid synthesis as well as a precursor for longer fatty acids.

C16 Palmitic Acid is a high-purity saturated fatty acid used extensively in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food emulsifiers, and biochemical applications.
Supplied as white flakes, C16 Palmitic Acid is available in 98% purity, with grades suitable for synthesis and for biochemistry.

USES and APPLICATIONS of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
C16 Palmitic Acid is inexpensive and easy to produce, making it an excellent choice for many industrial applications.
C16 Palmitic Acid is used in the production of soaps, detergents and cosmetics as an emulsifier.
C16 Palmitic Acid is also a texturing agent for foods, a waxy cover for fruits and vegetables, and a source of anionic and nonionic surfactants and esters.

C16 Palmitic Acid can be further refined or combined with other chemical agents to produce isopropyl palmitate, cetyl alcohol and other additives.
In cosmetic and personal care products, C16 Palmitic Acid acts as an emollient, thickening agent, and surfactant, enhancing texture and moisture retention.

In biochemistry, it is used in lipid research and as a membrane component in experimental assays when you secure C16 Palmitic Acid from reputable biochemical suppliers.
Industrially, C16 Palmitic Acid is a key ingredient in the production of soaps, stearates, lubricants, plasticizers, and metalworking fluids.

Its long shelf life and excellent stability make C16 Palmitic Acid a dependable raw material in manufacturing and research settings.
C16 Palmitic Acid is used in determination of water hardness and is used in echo enhancement in sonographic Doppler B-mode imaging and as an ultrasound contrast medium.

C16 Palmitic Acid is used in a variety of personal care applications such as shampoo, conditioner, hair styling products, skin care, decorative cosmetics, body care and toiletries.
In our bodies, C16 Palmitic Acid content of each tissue is tightly regulated, and under normal physiological conditions, does not readily deviate.

This strict homeostatic maintenance of C16 Palmitic Acid content in tissues is likely a function of the fundamental role C16 plays in many biological processes.
Not only does C16 Palmitic Acid give rise to fuel sources that create energy and heat in the body, it also stabilizes cell membranes, protects nerve and brain cells, and acts as cell-signaling carriers.

C16 Palmitic Acid also acts as surfactants in our lungs that reduces surface tension in our alveoli to prevent collapse when exhaling.
In cosmetics, C16 Palmitic Acid’s employed for its emollient properties and the creamy, stable lather it imparts to soaps and cleansers.
In the food industry, C16 Palmitic Acid’s used as a lubricant and an additive, offering a rich texture and consistency to various products.

For industrial applications, C16 Palmitic Acid functions as a lubricant in machinery and as a surfactant, enhancing the cleaning and wetting properties of detergents.
Furthermore, C16 Palmitic Acid finds utility in candle making for its excellent burning properties.

-Cosmetic Formulation and Emollient Applications of C16 Palmitic Acid:
The high-purity white flakes provide exceptional thickening and moisturizing properties for premium skincare and haircare formulations.
Professional-grade C16 Palmitic Acid ensures consistent texture enhancement and stability in cosmetic applications.

For cosmetic and biochemical applications, C16 Palmitic Acid delivers essential fatty acid properties in cosmetic raw material formulations where emollient action and membrane compatibility are crucial.
The International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients recognizes C16 Palmitic Acid as a safe and effective cosmetic ingredient.

-Biochemical Research and Membrane Studies of C16 Palmitic Acid:
The research-grade purity supports advanced lipid research, membrane studies, and biochemical assays requiring precise fatty acid composition.
Proper handling ensures optimal results in cellular and molecular biology applications.

-Research and Manufacturing Applications of C16 Palmitic Acid:
Thickener & Emollient in Skincare and Haircare Products
Additive in Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Formulations
Lipid Research & Membrane Studies in Biochemistry
Base for Soap, Candle, and Lubricant Production
Food Emulsifier & Stabilizer (with appropriate certification)
Precursor for Esters and Surfactants in Industrial Processing

-Personal Care uses of C16 Palmitic Acid:
Emulsifier for Facial Creams and Lotions, C16 Palmitic Acid is often used in Shaving Cream Formulations.
Waxes: Fruit Wax Formulations.
Surfactants and Esters: Anionic and Nonionic Surfactants.
Food and Beverage: Raw Material for Emulsifiers.
Soaps and Detergents: Intermediate.

-Industrial & Commercial Uses of C16 Palmitic Acid:
Production of soaps & detergents (saponification to sodium laurate yields cleaning agents).
Surfactant & emulsifier in personal care products (shampoos, cleansers).
Cosmetics (creams, lotions) for foam and texture improvement.
Precursor to lauroyl derivatives and biodegradable polymers.
Ingredient in flavors & fragrances (fatty type odor).

-Pharmaceutical & Nutraceutical Uses of C16 Palmitic Acid:
C16 Palmitic Acid is used as an excipient in drug formulations to enhance solubility.
Studied for antimicrobial effects against some bacteria and fungi; converted metabolically to monolaurin with biological effects.

-Food Industry uses of C16 Palmitic Acid:
Component of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) used in nutritional supplements and ketogenic diets.
C16 Palmitic Acid is used in food additives and texture enhancers (rare in free acid form, more as triglycerides).

-Surfactant uses of C16 Palmitic Acid:
C16 Palmitic Acid is used to produce soaps, cosmetics, and industrial mold release agents.
These applications use sodium palmitate, which is commonly obtained by saponification of palm oil.
To this end, palm oil, rendered from palm trees (species Elaeis guineensis), is treated with sodium hydroxide (in the form of caustic soda or lye), which causes hydrolysis of the ester groups, yielding glycerol and sodium palmitate.

-Foods use of C16 Palmitic Acid:
Because it is inexpensive and adds texture and "mouthfeel" to processed foods (convenience food), C16 Palmitic Acid and its sodium salt find wide use in foodstuffs.
Sodium palmitate is permitted as a natural additive in organic products.

-Military uses of C16 Palmitic Acid:
Aluminium salts of C16 Palmitic Acid and naphthenic acid were the gelling agents used with volatile petrochemicals during World War II to produce napalm.
The word "napalm" is derived from the words naphthenic acid and C16 Palmitic Acid.

-Research uses of C16 Palmitic Acid:
It is well accepted in the medical community that C16 Palmitic Acid from dietary sources raises low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol.
The World Health Organization have stated there is convincing evidence that C16 Palmitic Acid increases cardiovascular disease risk.

C16 Palmitic Acid intake is associated with an increased cancer risk, including prostate cancer.
A 2021 review indicated that replacing dietary C16 Palmitic Acid and other saturated fatty acids with unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid, could reduce several biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

-Applications of C16 Palmitic Acid:
Skincare > Body and facial cream, serum, lotion
Skin care > Facial wash
Bath and Shower > Body Wash
Hair care > Shampoos, Conditioners

FUNCTIONS of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
*Cleasing Agent
*Thickener, Foundation
*Emulsion Stabilization

BENEFITS & CHARACTERISTICS of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
*Antimicrobial properties:
Effective against certain gram-positive bacteria; associated with antibacterial and antifungal effects (often evaluated via derivatives like monolaurin).

*Surfactant capacity:
C16 Palmitic Acid helps produce foam and emulsification in soap and cosmetic products.

*Energy metabolism:
Medium-chain fatty acids like lauric acid are readily metabolized by the liver for energy.

*Relative safety:
Considered safe and non-toxic at typical handling levels.

OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
C16 Palmitic Acid was discovered by saponification of palm oil, which process remains today the primary industrial route for producing the acid.
Triglycerides (fats) in palm oil are hydrolysed by high-temperature water and the resulting mixture is fractionally distilled.

DIETARY SOURCES of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
C16 Palmitic Acid is produced by a wide range of plants and organisms, typically at low levels.
Among common foods it is present in milk, butter, cheese, and some meats, as well as cocoa butter, olive oil, soybean oil, and sunflower oil.
Karukas contain 44.90% C16 Palmitic Acid.
The cetyl ester of C16 Palmitic Acid, cetyl palmitate, occurs in spermaceti.

ALTERNATIVE PARENTS of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
*Straight chain fatty acids
*Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives
*Carboxylic acids
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives
*Carbonyl compounds

SUBSTITUENTS of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
*Long-chain fatty acid
*Straight chain fatty acid
*Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
*Carboxylic acid
*Carboxylic acid derivative
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organic oxide
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Organooxygen compound
*Carbonyl group
*Aliphatic acyclic compound

SOLUBILITY of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
C16 Palmitic Acid is poorly soluble in water (~4.8 g/L).
C16 Palmitic Acid is soluble in organic solvents (alcohols, ethers, acetone, benzene etc.).

CHEMICAL REACTIVITY of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
Lauric acid behaves like other carboxylic acids, donating protons in the presence of bases and reacting with metals to form salts, as well as esters in reactions with alcohols.

BIOCHEMISTRY of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
C16 Palmitic Acid is the first fatty acid produced during fatty acid synthesis and is the precursor to longer fatty acids.
As a consequence, C16 Palmitic Acid is a major body component of animals.

In humans, one analysis found it to make up 21–30% (molar) of human depot fat, and C16 Palmitic Acid is a major, but highly variable, lipid component of human breast milk.
C16 Palmitic Acid comprises nearly half of total human brain saturated fatty acids.

Palmitate negatively feeds back on acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), which is responsible for converting acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, which in turn is used to add to the growing acyl chain, thus preventing further palmitate generation.
Some proteins are modified by the addition of a palmitoyl group in a process known as palmitoylation.
Palmitoylation is important for localisation of many membrane proteins.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
Chemical formula: C16H32O2
Molar mass: 256.430 g/mol
Appearance: White crystals
Density: 0.852 g/cm3 (25 °C)
0.8527 g/cm3 (62 °C)
Melting point: 62.9 °C (145.2 °F; 336.0 K)

Boiling point: 351–352 °C (664–666 °F; 624–625 K)
271.5 °C (520.7 °F; 544.6 K), 100 mmHg
215 °C (419 °F; 488 K), 15 mmHg
Solubility in water: 4.6 mg/L (0 °C)
7.2 mg/L (20 °C)
8.3 mg/L (30 °C)
10 mg/L (45 °C)
12 mg/L (60 °C)

Solubility: Soluble in amyl acetate, alcohol, CCl4,C6H6
Very soluble in CHCl3
Solubility in ethanol 2 g/100 mL (0 °C)
2.8 g/100 mL (10 °C)
9.2 g/100 mL (20 °C)
31.9 g/100 mL (40 °C)
Solubility in methyl acetate: 7.81 g/100 g

Solubility in ethyl acetate: 10.7 g/100 g
Vapor pressure: 0.051 mPa (25 °C)
1.08 kPa (200 °C)
28.06 kPa (300 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 4.75
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −198.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.43 (70 °C)

Viscosity: 7.8 cP (70 °C)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C): 463.36 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (S⦵298): 452.37 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −892 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): 10030.6 kJ/mol
Molecular Weight: 256.42 g/mol
XLogP3: 6.4

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 14
Exact Mass: 256.240230259 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 256.240230259 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 37.3Å²

Heavy Atom Count: 18
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity:178
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: solid
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 60 - 65 °C

Initial boiling point and boiling range: 271,5 °C at 133 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 113 °C
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 7,8 mPa.s at 70 °C
Water solubility: 0,00005 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water: log Pow: 7,17

Vapor pressure: 13 hPa at 210 °C
Density: 0,852 g/cm3 at 62 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none

Other safety information:
Bulk density: 415 kg/m3
Surface tension: 28,2 mN/m at 70 °C
Chemical Formula: C16H32O2
Average Molecular Weight: 256.4241
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 256.240230268
IUPAC Name: hexadecanoic acid

Traditional Name: palmitic acid
CAS Registry Number: 57-10-3
SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)
InChI Key: IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Melting Point: 61.8 °C Not Available
Boiling Point: Not Available Not Available

Water Solubility: 4.0e-05 mg/mL Not Available
LogP: 7.17
Melting Point: 61-62.5 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 340.6±5.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 154.1±12.5 °C
Molecular Formula: C16H32O2
Molecular Weight: 256.424

Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Appearance: white to pale yellow crystalline solid (est)
Assay: 96.00 to 100.00
Water Content: <0.20%
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Melting Point: 61.00 to 64.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 204.00 to 220.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Congealing Point: 53.30 to 62.00 °C.
Saponification Value: 205.00 to 221.00
Unsaponifiable Matter: <1.50%
Vapor Pressure: 10.000000 mmHg @ 210.00 °C.
Flash Point: 238.00 °F. TCC ( 114.44 °C. )
logP (o/w): 7.170

Soluble in:alcohol, chloroform, ether
water, 0.04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
CAS number: 57-10-3
EC number: 200-312-9
Hill Formula: C₁₆H₃₂O₂
Chemical formula: CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH

Molar Mass: 256.43 g/mol
HS Code: 2915 70 11
Boiling point: 271.4 °C (133 hPa)
Density: 0.852 g/cm3
Flash point: 113 °C
Melting Point: 60 - 65 °C
Vapor pressure: 13 hPa (210 °C)

Bulk density: 415 kg/m3
Water Solubility: 0.00041 g/L
logP: 7.23
logP: 6.26
logS: -5.8
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 4.95
Physiological Charge: -1

Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 2
Hydrogen Donor Count: 1
Polar Surface Area: 37.3 Å²
Rotatable Bond Count: 14
Refractivity: 77.08 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 34.36 Å³
Number of Rings: 0

Bioavailability: No
Rule of Five: No
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No
Chemical Formula: C16H32O2
IUPAC name: hexadecanoic acid

InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)
InChI Key: IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Isomeric SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O
Average Molecular Weight: 256.4241
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 256.240230268
CAS number: 57-10-3
Weight Average: 256.4241

Monoisotopic: 256.240230268
InChI Key: IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)
IUPAC Name: hexadecanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name: palmitic acid
Chemical Formula: C16H32O2
SMILES: [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H]
ΔcH°liquid: [-10028.60; -9977.20] kJ/mol

ΔcH°solid: -9977.60 ± 8.80 kJ/mol
ΔfG°: -181.90 kJ/mol
ΔfH°gas: -730.00 ± 5.50 kJ/mol
ΔfH°liquid: -848.40 ± 2.20 kJ/mol
ΔfusH°: [52.55; 53.50] kJ/mol
ΔsubH°: 194.00 ± 11.00 kJ/mol
ΔvapH°: 74.64 kJ/mol
log10WS: -6.81
logPoct/wat: 5.552
McVol: 243.740   ml/mol

Pc: 1468.41 ± 85.00 kPa
Ptriple: 8.27e-06 ± 4.00e-06 kPa
Inp: [321.57; 2010.00]
I: [2871.00; 2954.00]
S°solid,1 bar: [438.65; 543.50]   J/mol×K
Tboil: 612.15 ± 6.00 K
Tc: 785.22 ± 3.00 K
Tfus: [334.85; 337.22] K
Ttriple: [335.05; 336.25] K

Cp,gas: [719.80; 805.28] J/mol×K [711.53; 880.17]
Cp,solid: [448.00; 678.00] J/mol×K [292.50; 373.00]
η: [0.0000353; 0.0035737] Pa×s [380.83; 711.53]
ΔfusH: [47.00; 54.94] kJ/mol [332.70; 336.50]
ΔsubH: [134.00; 154.40] kJ/mol [288.00; 326.50]
ΔvapH: [90.10; 121.60] kJ/mol [298.00; 532.50]
Pvap: [1.33; 9.33] kPa [483.30; 533.40]
ΔfusS: [163.50; 163.50] J/mol×K   [335.73; 336.00]

IUPAC name:dodecanoic acid
CAS Number:143-07-7
EC / EINECS Number:205-582-1
Molecular Formula:C₁₂H₂₄O₂
Molecular Weight:≈ 200.32 g/mol
PubChem CID:3893
ChemSpider ID:(often linked in databases)
SMILES:O=C(O)CCCCCCCCCCC

InChIKey:POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
State at room temperature:Solid (white crystalline or powder)
Odor:Slight fatty or bay-oil-like odor
Density:Approx. ~0.88–1.01 g/cm³ (temperature dependent)
Melting Point:~43.8–46 °C
Boiling Point:~225 °C (at 100 mmHg); higher at atmospheric pressure (~297.9 °C)
Solubility:
Poorly soluble in water (~4.8 g/L)
Soluble in organic solvents (alcohols, ethers, acetone, benzene etc.)

ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:200-312-9
FDA UNII:2V16EO95H1
Nikkaji Web:J1.378A
Beilstein Number:0607489
MDL:MFCD00002747
CoE Number:14
XlogP3:6.40 (est)
Molecular Weight:256.42944000
Formula:C16 H32 O2
BioActivity Summary:listing

NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Also(can) Contains:stearic acid 8.00% to 11.00%
myristic acid 5.00% to 7.00%
heptadecanoic acid 3.00% to 5.00%
pentadecanoic acid 0.00% to 1.00%
Appearance:white to pale yellow crystalline solid (est)
Assay:96.00 to 100.00
Water Content:<0.20%

Food Chemicals Codex Listed:Yes
Melting Point:61.00 to 64.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point:204.00 to 220.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Congealing Point:53.30 to 62.00 °C.
Saponification Value:205.00 to 221.00
Unsaponifiable Matter:<1.50%
Vapor Pressure:10.000000 mmHg @ 210.00 °C.
Flash Point:238.00 °F. TCC ( 114.44 °C. )
logP (o/w):7.170

Soluble in: alcohol, chloroform
ether, water, 0.04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
CAS Number:57-10-3
Molecular Formula:C16H32O2
Molecular Weight:256.43 g/mol
Beilstein Registry Number:607489
EC Number:200-312-9
MDL Number:MFCD00002747
Melting Point: 61-64°C
Storage and Stability: Lyophilized powder may be stored at 4°C. Stable for 6 months after receipt.
Purity: ≥97%
Form: White to off-white powder

FIRST AID MEASURES of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
-Environmental precautions:
No special precautionary measures necessary.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
none

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P1
-Control of environmental exposure:
No special precautionary measures necessary

HANDLING and STORAGE of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Recommended storage temperature see product label.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of C16 PALMITIC ACID:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
Strong heating.
-Incompatible materials:
No data available