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CAS NUMBER: 112-82-3
EC NUMBER: 204-008-7
MOLECULAR FORMULA: C16H33Br
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 305.35
Cetyl bromide is a clear, colorless to yellow liquid that melts at 64 °F (18 °C).
Cetyl bromide is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of viscosifiers for Paints & Pigments and oil drilling.
Cetyl Bromide is used in the preparation of soluble carbon nano-onions by covalent functionalization with hexadecyl chains.
Cetyl Bromide is also used to synthesize [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethylhexadecylammonium bromide monomer, required for the synthesis of novel methacrylate based adsorbents.
Cetyl Bromide is used in the preparation of soluble carbon nano-onions by covalent functionalization with hexadecyl chains, as extraction solvent in determination of endocrine-disrupting phenols (EDPs) in water samples by ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction method.
Cetyl bromide is a clear amber to pale brown semi-solid liquid that is insoluable in water, but soluable in alcohols, ethers and acetone.
Cetyl Bromide is a quaternary ammonium surfactant.
Cetyl Bromide is one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.
Cetyl Bromide is an effective antiseptic agent against bacteria and fungi.
Cetyl Bromide is also one of the main components of some buffers for the extraction of DNA.
Cetyl Bromide has been widely used in synthesis of gold nanoparticles (e.g., spheres, rods, bipyramids), mesoporous silica nanoparticles (e.g., MCM-41), and hair conditioning products.
The closely related compounds cetrimonium chloride and cetrimonium stearate are also used as topical antiseptics and may be found in many household products such as shampoos and cosmetics.
Cetyl Bromide, due to its relatively high cost, is typically only used in select cosmetics.
As with most surfactants, Cetyl Bromide forms micelles in aqueous solutions.
At 303 K (30 °C) it forms micelles with aggregation number 75-120 (depending on method of determination; average ~95) and degree of ionization, α = 0.2–0.1 (fractional charge; from low to high concentration).
The binding constant (K°) of Br− counterion to a CTA+ micelle at 303 K (30 °C) is ca. 400 M-1.
This value is calculated from Br− and CTA+ ion selective electrode measurements and conductometry data by using literature data for micelle size (r = ~3 nm), extrapolated to the critical micelle concentration of 1 mM.
However, K° varies with total surfactant concentration so it is extrapolated to the point at which micelle concentration is zero.
Cell lysis is a convenient tool to isolate certain macromolecules that exist primarily inside of the cell.
Cell membranes consist of hydrophilic and lipophilic endgroups.
Therefore, detergents are often used to dissolve these membranes since they interact with both polar and nonpolar endgroups.
Cetyl Bromide has emerged as the preferred choice for biological use because it maintains the integrity of precipitated DNA during its isolation.
Cells typically have high concentrations of macromolecules, such as glycoproteins and polysaccharides, that co-precipitate with DNA during the extraction process, causing the extracted DNA to lose purity.
The positive charge of the Cetyl Bromide molecule allows it to denature these molecules that would interfere with this isolation.
Cetyl Bromide has been shown to have potential use as an apoptosis-promoting.
In vitro, Cetyl Bromide interacted additively with γ radiation and cisplatin, two standard HNC therapeutic agents.
Cetyl Bromide exhibited anticancer cytotoxicity against several HNC cell lines with minimal effects on normal fibroblasts, a selectivity that exploits specific metabolic aberrations.
In vivo, Cetyl Bromide ablated tumor-forming capacity of FaDu cells and delayed growth of established tumors.
Thus, using this approach, Cetyl Bromide was identified as a potential apoptogenic quaternary ammonium compound possessing in vitro and in vivo efficacy against HNC models.
Cetyl Bromide is also recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a purification agent in the downstream vaccine processing of polysaccharide vaccines.
Glycoproteins form broad, fuzzy bands in SDS-PAGE (Laemmli-electrophoresis) because of their broad distribution of negative charges.
Using positively charged detergents such as Cetyl Bromide will avoid issues associated with glycoproteins.
Proteins can be blotted from Cetyl Bromide-gels in analogy to western blots ("eastern blot"), and Myelin-associated high hydrophobic protein can be analyzed using Cetyl Bromide 2-DE.
Cetyl Bromide serves as an important surfactant in the DNA extraction buffer system to remove membrane lipids and promote cell lysis.
Separation is also successful when the tissue contains high amounts of polysaccharides.
Cetyl Bromide binds to the polysaccharides when the salt concentration is high, thus removing polysaccharides from solution.
A typical recipe can be to combine 100 mL of 1 M Tris HCl (pH 8.0), 280 mL 5 M NaCl, 40 mL of 0.5 M EDTA, and 20 g of Cetyl Bromide then add double distilled water (ddH2O) to bring total volume to 1 L.
Cetyl Bromide is used as the template for the first report of ordered mesoporous materials.
Microporous and mesoporous inorganic solids (with pore diameters of ≤20 Å and ~20–500 Å respectively) have found great utility as catalysts and sorption media because of their large internal surface area.
Typical microporous materials are crystalline framework solids, such as zeolites, but the largest pore dimensions are still below 2 nm which greatly limit application.
Examples of mesoporous solids include silicas and modified layered materials, but these are invariably amorphous or paracrystalline, with pores that are irregularly spaced and broadly distributed in size.
There is a need to prepare highly ordered mesoporous material with good mesoscale crystallinity.
The synthesis of mesoporous solids from the calcination of aluminosilicate gels in the presence of surfactants was reported.
The material possesses regular arrays of uniform channels, the dimensions of which can be tailored (in the range of 16 Å to >100 Å) through the choice of surfactant, auxiliary chemicals, and reaction conditions.
Cetyl Bromide was proposed that the formation of these materials takes place by means of a liquid-crystal 'templating' mechanism, in which the silicate material forms inorganic walls between ordered surfactant micelles.
Cetyl Bromide formed micelles in the solution and these micelles further formed a two dimensional hexagonal mesostructure.
The silicon precursor began to hydrolyze between the micelles and finally filled the gap with silicon dioxide.
The template could be further removed by calcination and left a pore structure behind.
These pores mimicked exactly the structure of mesoscale soft template and led to highly ordered mesoporous silica materials.
Cetyl Bromide is often found in hair conditioning and skin care products.
Cetyl Bromide is a cation when dissolved in aqueous solutions and is an effective antiseptic against bacteria and fungi.
Cetyl Bromide is partially soluble in water as well as in oil.
This allows for the mixing of the two repelling phases which would not be possible without the presence of the surfactant.
This quality is utilized in the preparation of DNA. Cetyl Bromide is used to form a buffer solution that is able to extract DNA.
Cetyl Bromide is also being used in the preparation of gold nanoparticles which can be made into a number of shapes such as: spheres, rods, and bipyramids.
There is currently much research using gold nanoparticles within the medical field. Drug delivery and tumor detection are a couple of the applications of gold nanoparticles currently being investigated.
Cetyl Bromide is a non-cancer forming chemical compound that presents a low overall hazard to work with.
At standard temperature and pressure Cetyl Bromide is a white crystalline powder that has a melting point around 240°C.
Cetyl Bromide is soluble in water (10 wt%) and also in some, but not all, common organic solvents.
Cetyl Bromide has long been used as an antiseptic and surfactant throughout the chemical industry, and now is also being utilized to prepare DNA samples.
Cetyl Bromide is a C-16 fatty alcohol with the formula CH3(CH2)15OH.
At room temperature, Cetyl Bromide takes the form of a waxy white solid or flakes.
Theated spermaceti, a waxy substance obtained from sperm whale oil, with caustic potash (potassium hydroxide).
Flakes of Cetyl Bromide were left behind on cooling.
Modern production is based around the reduction of palmitic acid, which is obtained from palm oil.
Cetyl Bromide is used in the cosmetic industry as an opacifier in shampoos, or as an emollient, emulsifier or thickening agent in the manufacture of skin creams and lotions.
Cetyl Bromide is also employed as a lubricant for nuts and bolts, and is the active ingredient in some "liquid pool covers" (forming a non-volatile surface layer to reduce water evaporation, related latent vaporization heat loss, and thus to retain heat in the pool).
Moreover, Cetyl Bromide can also be used as a non-ionic co-surfactant in emulsion applications.
Cetyl Bromide serves as a thickening agent and emulsifier, to help keep product ingredients from separating.
Because Cetyl Bromide melts at temperatures higher than the average human body temperature, it is useful in cosmetic products like lipsticks, helping lip color adhere to the skin.
Cetyl Bromide is also a multipurpose food additive, used as a flavoring agent or in food decorations.
For example, Cetyl Bromide is an ingredient in colorful lettering or pictures on some types of candy or gum.
In industrial applications, Cetyl Bromide is a primary ingredient in fuels, chemical intermediates and plasticizers and is used as a lubricant for nuts and bolts in manufacturing applications.
A small percentage of people may experience contact allergies (red or inflamed skin) from exposure to emulsifier ingredients like Cetyl Bromide in lotions or creams.
Cetyl Bromide can be used safely as both a direct and indirect food additive.
Cetyl Bromide acts as a binding agent, helping the various ingredients in many moisturizers, lotions and creams bind together, which helps enable smooth application.
Products labeled “alcohol free” may still contain Cetyl Bromide, or other fatty alcohols such as stearyl, cetearyl or lanolin alcohol.
The term “alcohol,” used by itself, generally refers to ethanol (also known as ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol).
Cetyl Bromide is an ingredient in cetearyl alcohol, which is a mixture of Cetyl Bromide and stearyl alcohol.
Cetyl Bromide, also known as 1-hexadecanol or n-hexadecyl alcohol, is a 16-C fatty alcohol with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)15OH.
Cetyl Bromide can be produced from the reduction of palmitic acid.
Cetyl Bromide is present in a waxy white powder or flake form at room temperature, and is insoluble in water and soluble in alcohols and oils.
Discovered by Chevrenl in 1913, Cetyl Bromide is one of the oldest known long-chain alcohol.
Cetyl Bromide may be contained in cosmetic and personal care products such as shampoos, creams and lotions.
Mainly Cetyl Bromide is used as an opacifier, emulsifier, and thickening agent that alter the thickness of the liquid, and increase and stabilize the foaming capacity.
Due to its water-binding property, Cetyl Bromide is commonly used as an emollient that prevents drying and chapping of the skin.
According to the FDA Code of Federal Regulations, Cetyl Bromide is a safe synthetic fatty acid in food and in the synthesis of food components under the condition that it contain not less than 98 percent of total alcohols and not less than 94 percent of straight chain alcohols.
Cetyl Bromide is also listed in the OTC ingredient list as a skin protectant for skin irritations caused by poison ivy, oak, sumac, and insect bites or stings.
Cetyl Bromide is reported to be a mild skin or eye irritant.
Cetyl Bromide exhibits skin protect properties against skin irritations caused by bites, rashes and stings.
The inhibitory action of Cetyl Bromide against the growth of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycopiasma pneumoniae has been reported.
Cetyl Bromide has hydrating properties that makes it a suitable emulsifier and stabilizer in pharmaceutical formulations.
Cetyl Bromide is also present in washable ointment base due to its dispersant abilities and stabilizing properties.
Potential antimicrobial activity of Cetyl Bromide may be due to a change in cell membrane permeability that either blocks absorption of essential nutrients and induction of outward diffusion vital cellular components.
This proposed mechanism of action is thought to be similar for other long-chain aliphatic alcohols with same antimicrobial activity, such as myristyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol.
Cetyl Bromide is common for Cetyl Bromide to be wrongly understood as the type of alcohol that has drying effects on the skin, such as rubbing alcohol; however, on the contrary, Cetyl Bromide is skin-friendly with hydrating, conditioning, and softening properties that benefit both skin and hair.
Cetyl Bromide is an alcohol that is derived from a fat, such as a vegetable oil like Coconut Oil or Palm Oil; hence it is also called Palmityl Alcohol.
Cetyl Bromide receives its name from the Latin word cetus, meaning “whale oil,” as this was the substance from which Cetyl Bromide was first obtained.
NDA’s Cetyl Alchol Raw Material is available in the form of unscented flakes or pellets that, at room temperature, are waxy in texture and white in color.
When Cetyl Bromide is added to natural cosmetic preparations, it functions as an agent that helps homogenize components that naturally separate (emulsifier), as a soothing lubricant (emollient), as a thickener, as an opacifier, and as a carrier for other ingredients in a formula.
These stabilizing properties ensure that the oils and water remain combined, thus promoting an ideal, smooth texture that ultimately gives the final product an easy glide on the skin or hair.
Cetyl Bromide is used in the preparation of soluble carbon nano-onions by covalent functionalization with hexadecyl chains.
Cetyl Bromide is also used to synthesize [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethylhexadecylammonium bromide monomer, required for the synthesis of novel methacrylate based adsorbents.
USES:
-in the preparation of soluble carbon nano-onions by covalent functionalization with hexadecyl chains
-as extraction solvent in determination of endocrine-disrupting phenols (EDPs) in water samples by ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (MS-USAEME) method
-in the preparation of [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethylhexadecylammonium bromide monomer, required for the synthesis of novel methacrylate based adsorbents
-in the synthesis of surfactant, N-hexadecyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid (HED3A)
PROPERTIES::
-Boiling point/range °: C336
-Melting point/range °C: 15
-Specific gravity, 25°C: 1.0
-Vapor density (air=1): 10.6
-Solubility in water: Insoluble
-Solubility in other solvents: Organic solvents
-Flash point °C: 177
SPECIFICATIONS:
-Assay (GC) %: Min 98
-Acidity (PPM as HCl): Max 50
-Specific Gravity at 20°C: Min 0.995 Max 1.005
-Water Content (ppm): Traces
TECHNICAL INFORMATIONS:
-Physical State :Low-Melting Solid
-Storage :Store at room temperature
-Melting Point :16-18° C (lit.)
-Boiling Point :190° C (lit.) at 11 mmHg
-Density :1.0 g/mL at 25° C
CLASSIFICATIONS:
-Antimicrobial
-Antistatic
-Emulsifying
-Surfactant
STORAGE:
Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers. Keep container tightly closed.
SYNONYM:
112-82-3
Hexadecyl bromide
Cetyl bromide
n-Hexadecyl bromide
Hexadecane, 1-bromo-
1-Hexadecyl bromide
n-Hexadecyl-1-bromide
Hexadecane, bromo-
bromohexadecane
UNII-76GJI7GVAM
76GJI7GVAM
Hexadecylbromide
palmityl bromide
1-bromo hexadecane
1-bromo-hexadecane
EINECS 204-008-7
hexadecane-1-bromide
MFCD00000230
ACMC-1BYIV
AI3-11181
Cetyl Bromide, 97%
EC 204-008-7
DSSTox_CID_29356
DSSTox_RID_83472
DSSTox_GSID_49397
SCHEMBL33335
CHEMBL3188886
DTXSID2049397
NSC4193
NSC-4193
ZINC6845578
Tox21_202722
BR1074
SBB059943
