DL-ALPHA-PHENYLGLYCINE

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is a natural compound that has been identified as a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and it exhibits antiinflammatory activity. 
DL-alpha-Phenylglycine has been shown to inhibit COX-2 at low concentrations and to be less potent than aspirin in inhibiting COX-1. 
DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also an amide, with a molecular weight of 296. 

CAS Number: 2835-06-5
Molecular Formula: C8H9NO2
Molecular Weight: 151.16
EINECS Number: 220-608-1

Synonyms: 2-Phenylglycine, 69-91-0, RefChem:861739, (+-)-ALPHA-PHENYLGLYCINE, 2-Amino-2-phenylacetic acid, 2835-06-5, DL-alpha-Phenylglycine, H-DL-Phg-OH, DL-2-Phenylglycine, DL-Phenylglycine, Amino(phenyl)acetic acid, ALPHA-PHENYLGLYCINE, aminophenylacetic acid, alpha-Aminophenylacetic acid, Phenylglycine dl, Amino-phenyl-acetic acid, DL-a-phenylglycine, alpha-Aminobenzeneacetic acid, DL-|A-Phenylglycine, Glycine, 2-phenyl-, (+/-)-alpha-Aminophenylacetic acid, MFCD00064402, alpha-Phenylgycine, amino(phenyl)acetate, 2-amino-2-phenyl-acetic acid, .alpha.-Aminobenzeneacetic acid, L-.alpha.-Phenylglycine, DL-.alpha.-Phenylglycine, DL-alpha-aminophenylacetate, DL-alpha-phenylaminoacetate, 96S7ZZ1KHE, alpha-amino-alpha-Toluic acid, rac-2-amino-2-phenylacetic acid, DL-.alpha.-Aminophenylacetic acid, Amino(phenyl)acetic acid-, (S)-, Benzeneacetic acid, .alpha.-amino-, NSC-7928, NSC-24619, NSC-32070, AKOS000121220, L-(+)-.alpha.-Aminophenylacetic acid, .alpha.-Phenylglycine, A22760, .alpha.-Aminophenylacetic acid, DL-PHENYL-D5-GLYCINE, .alpha.-Toluic acid, .alpha.-amino-, DL-alpha-Aminophenylacetic acid, c-phenylglycine, Benzeneacetic acid, alpha-amino-, 2-phenyl-glycine, NSC 206293, Glycine, DL-, Benzeneacetic acid, .alpha.-amino-, (S)-, DL-2-phenyl-glycine, alpha-aminophenylacetate, (RS)-2-phenylglycine, DL-a-aminophenylacetate, alpha-aminobenzeneacetate, Benzeneacetic acid, .alpha.-amino-, (.alpha.S)-, 2-amino-2-phenylacetate, 2-Phenylglycine, 95%, alpha-amino-alpha-toluate, (+/-)-a-phenylglycine, alpha-amino-benzeneacetate, D(-)-alpha-Phenylglycine, PHENYLGLYCINE, DL-, UNII-96S7ZZ1KHE, Benzeneacetic acid, (S)-, DL-a-aminophenylacetic acid, (+/-)-alpha-phenylglycine, alpha-amino-benzeneacetic acid, SCHEMBL157180, DL-alpha-phenylaminoacetic acid, CHEMBL131226, orb1308891, orb1940758, SCHEMBL5164233, SCHEMBL5769768, Benzeneacetic acid, .alpha.-am, SCHEMBL16670754, SCHEMBL27351647, SCHEMBL27397292, SCHEMBL27699174, (+/-)-a-Aminophenylacetic acid, (.+-.)-.alpha.-Phenylglycine, alpha-Toluic acid, alpha-amino-, CHEBI:55484, DTXSID70862455, NSC7928, (.+/-.)-.alpha.-Phenylglycine, D(-)-alpha-Aminophenylacetic acid, .ALPHA.-PHENYLGLYCINE [MI], NSC 7928, NSC24619, NSC32070, EINECS 200-719-1, EINECS 220-608-1, BBL016492, EBC-04094, NSC 24619, NSC 32070, NSC206293, SBB056598, STK182581, 2-AMINO-2-PHENYLETHANOIC ACID, AKOS016042338, (+/-)-.ALPHA.-PHENYLGLYCINE, AB00920, AB02597, CS-W010964, HY-W010248, 2-Phenylglycine; DL-alpha-Phenylglycine, DS-13892, SY006358, DB-047383, NS00077571, P0326, EN300-22835, D70539, T13485, DL-alpha-Phenylglycine, purum, >=98.0% (NT), 2-Amino-2-phenylacetic acid; DL-2-Phenylglycine, AC-907/25014211, Benzeneacetic acid, .alpha.-amino-, (.+/-.)-, F093739, SR-01000944793, SR-01000944793-1, Q15633805, 93378EBE-2D42-40BB-8CFB-2C976D8C188C, F2191-0177, RARECHEM AK ML 0501;(.+/-.)-alpha-Phenylglycine;(+/-)-benzeneaceticaci;.alpha.-amino-,(+-)-Benzeneaceticacid;-Aminobenzeneaceticacid;Benzeneacetic acid, alpha-amino-, (±;Benzeneaceticacid,-amino-,(+-)-;PHENYLGLYCINE(D,L-)

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine, XRD data was collected from the monosodium salt form of DL-alpha-Phenylglycine. 
The ester hydrochloride form was used for enzyme activity assays because it is more soluble in water than the free base form. 
The synthesis of 2-Amino-2-phenylacetic acid was achieved through a two step process involving amide formation and hydrolysis.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is a racemic amino acid consisting of the D- and L-enantiomers of 2-amino-2-phenylacetic acid, with the molecular formula C₈H₉NO₂ and a molecular weight of approximately 151.16 g/mol.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also known as DL-2-phenylglycine, DL-phenylglycine, 2-phenylglycine, (±)-α-aminophenylacetic acid, and α-aminophenylacetic acid, reflecting its structure as an amino-substituted phenylacetic acid.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is generally described as a white to off-white powder or crystalline solid and contains both an acidic carboxyl group and a basic amino group, giving it amphoteric chemical behavior. 

The chemical structure of DL-alpha-Phenylglycine contains a phenyl group attached directly to the carbon bearing the amino and carboxylic acid groups, distinguishing it from ordinary glycine and phenylalanine.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycines systematic name is 2-amino-2-phenylacetic acid, while the α-phenylglycine designation reflects the position of the phenyl substituent relative to the amino-acid functionality.
Because the central carbon is stereogenic, the DL designation indicates an approximately racemic mixture of the two optical isomers rather than a single enantiomer. 

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is an aromatic amino acid derivative that combines the reactivity of a primary amine with that of a carboxylic acid.
These two functional groups allow DL-alpha-Phenylglycine to participate in amide formation, salt formation, peptide coupling, and other transformations commonly used in organic and pharmaceutical synthesis.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycines bifunctional structure makes it useful as a building block when both nitrogen and carboxyl functionality need to be retained or selectively modified during a synthesis. 

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is commercially available in different purity grades, with laboratory and synthesis grades commonly specified at approximately 95% to 99% purity.
Commercial specifications can include appearance, infrared identification, titration assay, and solution clarity, providing basic quality-control parameters for research and manufacturing applications.
For technical procurement, the required purity should be selected according to whether the material is intended for analytical work, organic synthesis, pharmaceutical-intermediate production, or another downstream process. 

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine has a defined aromatic molecular structure and relatively low molecular weight, which makes it convenient to handle as a solid intermediate in synthetic processes.
Its molecular formula is C₈H₉NO₂, and its molecular weight is 151.16 g/mol, values that are important when calculating stoichiometric quantities for reactions and formulation work.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is represented by the SMILES notation NC(C(O)=O)C₁=CC=CC=C₁, corresponding to its amino-acid structure. 

The molecule exhibits amphoteric behavior, meaning that its amino and carboxyl groups can participate in acid-base reactions depending on the surrounding chemical environment.
This characteristic influences its solubility, salt formation, purification, and behavior during aqueous processing.
Consequently, pH and solvent composition can be important variables when DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is incorporated into a chemical synthesis or separation process. 

An important characteristic of DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is its racemic composition, which differentiates it from commercially available D- or L-alpha-phenylglycine products.
The two enantiomers have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in three-dimensional configuration around the stereogenic α-carbon.
This distinction becomes particularly relevant in pharmaceutical synthesis and chiral manufacturing, where an enantiomerically defined starting material may be required.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can therefore serve as a starting material for processes involving chiral resolution, where the two enantiomers are separated or converted into an enantiomerically enriched product.
The availability of the racemic material can be useful when the downstream process includes an established resolution or asymmetric transformation rather than requiring an optically pure feedstock from the beginning.
Such approaches can involve crystallization, salt formation, chromatography, or other separation strategies depending on the process design.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also suitable for solution-phase peptide synthesis and related amino-acid coupling reactions, where its amino and carboxyl groups provide convenient sites for chemical derivatization.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycines use as a synthetic reagent allows the phenyl-substituted amino-acid structure to be incorporated into more complex molecules through standard peptide and amide-forming chemistry.
The reaction conditions and protecting-group strategy depend on which functional group is intended to participate in the coupling reaction. 

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine has been described as a reagent for the preparation of benzoquinone-amino acid conjugates, illustrating its role as a building block for biologically relevant synthetic compounds.
In such chemistry, the amino-acid functionality provides a convenient connection point between the phenylglycine unit and another functional molecular fragment.
This type of derivatization demonstrates that the material can be used beyond simple amino-acid chemistry as a precursor to more structurally complex compounds. 

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also relevant to pharmaceutical and fine-chemical synthesis, where substituted amino-acid structures are frequently incorporated into intermediates and active-molecule architectures.
Its aromatic α-amino-acid framework can provide both a carbon skeleton and reactive functional groups for subsequent transformations.
The suitability of a particular grade for pharmaceutical manufacturing depends on impurity limits, stereochemical requirements, analytical documentation, and the specifications of the downstream process.

From a chemical-supply perspective, DL-alpha-Phenylglycine should be distinguished from L-phenylglycine and D-phenylglycine, which represent individual stereoisomers rather than the racemic material.
This distinction is important when a reaction depends on stereochemistry, because substituting a racemic material for an enantiopure grade can alter the composition and suitability of the resulting product.
The correct stereochemical specification should therefore be stated clearly in purchasing documents and technical specifications.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine has CAS No. 2835-06-5 and EC/EINECS No. 220-608-1, while its IUPAC name is 2-amino-2-phenylacetic acid.
Its molecular identity is further defined by the molecular formula C₈H₉NO₂ and the InChI Key ZGUNAGUHMKGQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N.
These identifiers are useful for distinguishing DL-alpha-Phenylglycine from structurally related substituted phenylglycines during procurement, regulatory review, and technical documentation. 

For laboratory and industrial users, the physical form, purity, stereochemical composition, assay method, and impurity profile can be more important than the chemical name alone when selecting DL-alpha-Phenylglycine.
A white or off-white powder with a defined assay is commonly supplied for synthesis, while higher-purity material may be preferred for applications where trace impurities could affect reaction performance or downstream purification.
Technical documents such as a specification sheet, SDS, and COA can be used to verify the exact grade before it is introduced into a manufacturing or research process. 

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is best regarded as a versatile aromatic amino-acid building block and synthetic intermediate, combining a phenyl group with primary amine and carboxylic acid functionality in a racemic structure.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycines established chemistry includes amide and peptide synthesis, derivatization, preparation of more complex organic intermediates, and processes in which the racemic material is subsequently resolved or transformed.
For technical users, its stereochemical form, purity, chemical identity, and downstream reaction requirements should be considered together when determining whether DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is appropriate for a particular synthesis.

Melting point: 290 °C (subl.) (lit.)
Alpha: [α]D20 -0.5 to +0.5° (c=5, dil. HCl)
Boiling point: 273.17 °C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.2023 (rough estimate)
Refractive index: 1.5810 (estimate)
Storage temp.: Keep in dark place, under inert atmosphere, at room temperature
Solubility: Almost transparent in sodium hydroxide solution
pKa: 1.94±0.10 (Predicted)
Form: Crystalline powder
Color: White to off-white
Water solubility: 115 g/L at 100 °C
Merck: 14,7291
BRN: 3197862
Major application: Detection
InChI: InChI=1S/C8H9NO2/c9-7(8(10)11)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5,7H,9H2,(H,10,11)
InChIKey: ZGUNAGUHMKGQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: NC(C(O)=O)c1ccccc1

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be used as a chiral building block in pharmaceutical intermediate synthesis, particularly in processes where the phenylglycine skeleton is incorporated into a more complex molecule.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycines combination of an α-amino group and carboxylic acid allows chemists to perform selective derivatization while retaining a useful aromatic carbon framework.
The racemic form can also serve as a starting material when the manufacturing route includes a later resolution or stereochemical enrichment step.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is particularly relevant to the manufacture of β-lactam-related pharmaceutical intermediates, where phenylglycine derivatives can be incorporated into synthetic routes leading to penicillin- and cephalosporin-type compounds.
The amino-acid structure provides a convenient precursor for forming amide bonds with other activated carboxylic-acid derivatives.
For such processes, stereochemical purity and impurity control become important because the configuration of the phenylglycine unit can influence the properties of the resulting intermediate.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can also participate in N-acylation reactions, allowing its amino group to be converted into amide derivatives while the carboxyl group remains available for further chemistry.
This reaction pattern is useful when constructing molecules that require an aromatic amino-acid fragment connected to another carbonyl-containing structure.
Protecting-group strategies can be selected when independent control of the amino and carboxyl functionalities is required.

The carboxylic acid group makes DL-alpha-Phenylglycine suitable for amide-bond formation and coupling chemistry with amines, alcohols, or other appropriately activated reaction partners.
Depending on the synthesis, the acid can be activated using conventional coupling reagents or converted into a more reactive derivative before the desired bond is formed.
This versatility allows DL-alpha-Phenylglycine to function as an intermediate rather than simply as a final amino-acid product.

Another area of interest is chiral resolution, because DL-alpha-Phenylglycine contains equal or near-equal amounts of two enantiomeric forms when supplied as a racemate.
Resolution can be performed by converting the enantiomers into diastereomeric derivatives or salts with an appropriate chiral reagent, followed by separation.
The isolated enantiomer can then be used as a stereochemically defined intermediate for subsequent synthesis.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine has also been investigated in enzymatic resolution and stereoselective synthesis, where differences in the reactivity of its two enantiomers can be exploited to obtain optically enriched material.
Such approaches are relevant when conventional chemical resolution would generate significant waste or require multiple purification stages.
The choice between chemical and enzymatic resolution depends on substrate concentration, enzyme selectivity, process yield, and the required enantiomeric purity.

The material can serve as a precursor for phenylglycine derivatives with modified amino functionality, including N-protected and N-substituted compounds used in further organic synthesis.
Protection of the amino group can improve reaction selectivity by preventing unwanted side reactions during transformations involving the carboxyl group or aromatic portion of the molecule.
Common synthetic strategies therefore treat the amino and carboxyl functionalities as independently addressable reaction sites.

The aromatic ring of DL-alpha-Phenylglycine provides an additional site for chemical modification, although functionalization of the phenyl group generally requires conditions different from those used for reactions at the amino and carboxyl groups.
Substituted phenylglycine derivatives can consequently be prepared to introduce electronic, steric, or lipophilic changes into a target molecule.
This makes phenylglycine chemistry useful in medicinal chemistry and the preparation of structurally diverse fine chemicals.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be employed in the preparation of amino-acid-derived ligands and functional organic molecules, where its nitrogen and carboxyl groups provide coordination or coupling sites.
Derivatives can be designed to contain additional donor atoms or functional groups depending on the intended molecular architecture.
Such chemistry places phenylglycine within the broader group of amino-acid-derived intermediates used in specialty organic synthesis.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycines structure also makes it useful for preparing research compounds containing an α-aryl amino-acid motif.
The direct attachment of the phenyl group to the stereogenic carbon distinguishes phenylglycine from phenylalanine and can produce different conformational and electronic properties in derivatives.
This structural difference can be relevant when researchers are comparing related amino-acid building blocks during molecule-development programs.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be used in fine-chemical synthesis, where relatively small quantities of a defined aromatic amino-acid intermediate are required to prepare higher-value compounds.
The material is available from specialty chemical suppliers in laboratory and synthesis grades, allowing users to select a specification according to the required reaction and impurity tolerance.
For scale-up, additional parameters such as particle size, moisture, residual solvents, and batch-to-batch consistency may become relevant.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also useful as a reference material for analytical and stereochemical studies involving phenylglycine derivatives.
Because the racemic material contains both enantiomeric configurations, it can be used in method-development work where separation or identification of D- and L-forms is required.
Chiral chromatography and other stereochemical analytical techniques can distinguish the two enantiomers when enantiomeric composition needs to be established.

In pharmaceutical development, DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be considered when a phenyl-substituted amino-acid fragment is required during early-stage route development.
Its established commercial availability can make it convenient for laboratory screening of coupling reactions, protecting-group strategies, and downstream transformations before a more specialized stereochemically pure starting material is selected.
The final choice should depend on the stereochemical requirements and regulatory specifications of the intended manufacturing route.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine may also be converted into salts and other derivatives to modify handling, purification, or reaction behavior.
Because the molecule contains both acidic and basic functional groups, appropriate counterions can influence its crystallinity, solubility, and isolation characteristics.
This can be useful during process development when direct isolation of the free amino acid is not the most efficient option.

For process chemists, an important consideration is that racemic DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is not interchangeable with an enantiopure phenylglycine grade.
A process designed around a single stereoisomer may require additional resolution or may produce a stereochemical mixture if the racemic material is substituted without adjustment.
The purchasing specification should therefore clearly identify the stereochemical form, assay, and acceptable enantiomeric impurity level.

From a commercial perspective, DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is relevant to pharmaceutical intermediate manufacturing, fine chemicals, organic synthesis, chiral-resolution processes, research chemistry, and specialty building-block production.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycines value comes from the combination of an aromatic group, a reactive amino group, and a carboxylic acid within a compact molecular structure.

For procurement, purity, stereochemical composition, moisture, impurity profile, packaging, and supporting SDS and COA documentation should be evaluated against the requirements of the intended synthesis.
An amino acid with a structure in which a phenyl ring is bonded to the alpha-carbon of glycine.

Uses Of DL-alpha-Phenylglycine:
DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is used as a reagent in the synthesis of benzoquinone-amino acid conjugates which have antibacterial activity.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is used as an aromatic amino-acid building block in pharmaceutical and fine-chemical synthesis, where its α-amino acid structure can be incorporated into more complex molecules through amide formation and related reactions.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycines phenyl-substituted carbon framework provides a useful intermediate for routes requiring an aryl-substituted amino-acid fragment.
The racemic material is particularly practical for processes in which stereochemical resolution is performed at a later stage.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is used in the preparation of penicillin and cephalosporin-related intermediates, particularly through phenylglycine derivatives that provide the side-chain structure required in β-lactam chemistry.
Phenylglycine chemistry has historically been important in the manufacture of semi-synthetic β-lactam antibiotics, where controlled formation of the appropriate amide bond is central to the synthesis.
For these applications, the stereochemical form and purity of the starting material must be matched carefully to the manufacturing route.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also used for preparing D- and L-phenylglycine through resolution, making the racemic compound useful as a precursor when an enantiomerically enriched material is required.
The two optical isomers can be separated using suitable chemical, enzymatic, or chromatographic approaches depending on the scale and process economics.
This makes the DL grade relevant to manufacturers that require a flexible starting point for producing stereochemically defined intermediates.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is used as a starting material for amide and peptide synthesis, where its amino and carboxyl groups provide complementary reaction sites.
The carboxyl group can be activated for coupling with an amine, while the amino group can be protected or selectively functionalized depending on the desired product.
This chemistry allows phenylglycine units to be incorporated into pharmaceuticals, research compounds, and specialty organic molecules.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be used in the manufacture of N-acyl phenylglycine derivatives, which are prepared by modifying the amino functionality while retaining the carboxylic acid group for further transformations.
Such derivatives can serve as intermediates in multi-step organic synthesis where selective functionalization is required.
The choice of acylating reagent and reaction conditions depends on the required structure and downstream chemistry.

Another use is the preparation of N-protected phenylglycine intermediates for synthetic routes in which the amino group must remain chemically inactive during subsequent reactions.
Protection can improve selectivity when the carboxyl group is being activated, esterified, coupled, or otherwise transformed.
This approach is common in multi-step synthesis because it allows the two reactive functional groups to be controlled independently.

The material can also be used in chiral chemistry and asymmetric synthesis development, particularly when researchers need to evaluate the behavior of phenylglycine-derived intermediates.
The racemic compound provides both configurations of the stereogenic center and can therefore be useful for developing resolution or stereoselective transformation procedures.
Once the preferred route has been established, an enantiopure starting material may be selected for production depending on process requirements.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is relevant to medicinal chemistry, where phenylglycine-derived fragments can be incorporated into experimental molecules during structure-activity studies.
Its compact aromatic amino-acid structure provides a convenient starting point for synthesizing analogues with different substituents or functional groups.
This makes it useful for laboratory-scale preparation of libraries of structurally related compounds.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also used in fine-chemical research and specialty intermediate synthesis, particularly when an α-aryl amino-acid structure is required in the target molecule.
Its established commercial availability allows researchers to begin synthesis from a defined and readily characterized starting material rather than preparing the amino-acid framework separately.
Higher-purity grades may be selected when downstream reactions or analytical requirements are sensitive to trace impurities.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can serve as a precursor for phenylglycine derivatives with modified carboxyl functionality, including esters and activated acid derivatives used in subsequent coupling reactions.
Changing the carboxyl group can alter solubility, reactivity, and purification behavior while retaining the phenylglycine carbon skeleton.
Such derivatives can be valuable intermediates in pharmaceutical and specialty organic synthesis.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is used in research involving amino-acid-derived functional molecules, where its amino and carboxyl groups provide convenient attachment points for additional molecular fragments.
Researchers can modify one or both functional groups to create compounds with different polarity, steric properties, or molecular recognition characteristics.
This makes DL-alpha-Phenylglycine a useful starting material for exploratory organic and medicinal chemistry.

Another application is the preparation of chiral salts and related derivatives for stereochemical separation.
Because the DL material contains both enantiomers, reaction with an appropriate optically active reagent can produce diastereomeric products or salts with different physical properties that can be separated.
The desired enantiomer can subsequently be recovered and used as a stereochemically defined synthesis intermediate.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also used in analytical and method-development work, particularly for evaluating techniques capable of distinguishing the D- and L-forms of phenylglycine.
Chiral chromatographic methods can be developed using racemic material as a starting reference containing both enantiomeric components.
This is useful when manufacturers need to establish enantiomeric purity specifications for phenylglycine-derived intermediates.

In process development, DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be used as a screening substrate for coupling, protection, resolution, and derivatization reactions before a route is transferred to larger scale.
Its combination of commercially available material and multiple reactive functional groups makes it convenient for comparing different synthetic conditions.
The selected commercial grade can then be adjusted according to reaction scale, impurity tolerance, and final product requirements.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is therefore relevant to pharmaceutical manufacturing, β-lactam intermediate synthesis, fine chemicals, medicinal chemistry, chiral resolution, peptide and amide chemistry, and specialty organic synthesis.
DL-alpha-Phenylglycines most important commercial role is as a versatile intermediate rather than as a high-volume end-use ingredient, with the precise application determined by the downstream molecule being manufactured.
For technical purchasing, the intended synthesis should determine the required purity, stereochemical specification, moisture level, impurity profile, packaging, and supporting quality documentation.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be used as a starting material for pharmaceutical side-chain intermediates, particularly in synthetic routes where an α-amino-phenylacetic acid structure is required.
The carboxyl group can participate in amide formation while the amino group can be protected or selectively modified during subsequent steps.
This combination makes the material useful in multi-stage synthesis where different functional groups need to be introduced in a controlled sequence.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is relevant to the preparation of ampicillin- and amoxicillin-related intermediates, because phenylglycine-derived side chains are important structural components in the manufacture of certain semi-synthetic penicillins.
Industrial routes may convert the amino-acid starting material into protected or activated derivatives before coupling with an appropriate β-lactam nucleus.
The exact route and stereochemical requirements depend on the antibiotic intermediate being produced.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can also be used to prepare D-phenylglycine, which is an important chiral intermediate in several pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.
Starting from the racemic material allows a manufacturer to employ an established resolution strategy when direct procurement of the required enantiomer is not preferred.
The isolated D-isomer can subsequently undergo further functionalization according to the target synthesis.

Another use is in enzymatic synthesis and biocatalytic process development, where phenylglycine derivatives can participate in reactions catalyzed by enzymes involved in amino-acid transformation.
The racemic substrate can be useful during screening studies designed to identify enzymes with selective activity toward one stereoisomer.
Such work can support the development of more selective routes to optically enriched intermediates.

The molecule can serve as a precursor to phenylglycine esters, which are useful when the carboxylic acid needs to be temporarily protected or its reaction behavior modified.
Esterification can improve compatibility with particular organic reaction conditions and may facilitate extraction or purification in multi-step synthesis.
The ester can subsequently be hydrolyzed to regenerate the carboxylic acid when required.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is also applicable to the synthesis of activated phenylglycine derivatives, including compounds designed to react more readily with amines during amide-bond formation.
Activation of the carboxyl group can increase coupling efficiency and allow the amino-acid framework to be introduced into a target molecule under controlled conditions.
This chemistry is useful in pharmaceutical intermediate development and specialty organic synthesis.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be incorporated into custom aromatic amino-acid derivatives used in medicinal chemistry programs.
Researchers can modify the nitrogen, carboxyl group, or aromatic ring to investigate how structural changes affect the properties of a target compound.
The commercially available starting material therefore provides a practical entry point for preparing series of related molecules.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is useful in protecting-group chemistry, particularly when selective manipulation of the amino and carboxyl functionalities is required.
Protection of the amino group can allow reactions to be performed selectively at the acid functionality, while carboxyl protection can facilitate transformations involving the nitrogen atom.
This makes DL-alpha-Phenylglycine compatible with a wide range of stepwise synthetic strategies.

The material can also be used in preparation of amino-acid-derived pharmaceutical candidates, where the phenylglycine skeleton forms part of a larger molecular structure.
Its aromatic substituent can contribute hydrophobic character, while the amino-acid functionality provides convenient sites for molecular attachment.
This combination can be useful during the design and synthesis of small molecules containing aryl-substituted amino-acid motifs.

Another application is reaction-condition screening for pharmaceutical process development, where DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can be used to compare coupling reagents, solvents, catalysts, bases, and purification strategies.
Because both the amino and carboxyl groups are chemically accessible, DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can provide a useful model substrate for evaluating selective functionalization.
Results from these studies can then guide the selection of a production-scale synthetic route.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can also be used in preparation of salts and crystalline derivatives when isolation or purification of a phenylglycine intermediate is required.
The amphoteric nature of the molecule allows acid-base chemistry to influence its crystallization and solubility behavior.
Controlled salt formation can therefore be considered during process development when direct crystallization of the free amino acid does not provide the desired recovery or purity.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is relevant to chiral separation method development, particularly for pharmaceutical processes where enantiomeric purity must be monitored.
A racemic sample provides both enantiomers and can therefore be useful for establishing chromatographic resolution, retention behavior, and analytical response.
Once a suitable method has been developed, it can be applied to quality control of enantiomerically enriched phenylglycine intermediates.

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine may also be used as a synthetic precursor for structurally modified aryl amino acids, where substituents are introduced onto the phenyl ring before or after functionalization of the amino-acid groups.
Such derivatives can provide different electronic and steric characteristics compared with unsubstituted phenylglycine.
This type of modification is particularly relevant to medicinal chemistry and specialty molecule development.

Safety Profile Of DL-alpha-Phenylglycine:
DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is generally handled as a low-volatility solid with an irritant hazard profile, rather than as a highly reactive or strongly toxic chemical.
Current supplier safety documentation commonly identifies the material with the GHS signal word “Warning” and classifies it for skin and eye irritation, although classifications can vary between suppliers and jurisdictions.
The current SDS for the specific commercial grade should therefore be used when determining the final workplace classification and required protective measures. 

Contact with DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can cause skin irritation, particularly when the powdered material remains in direct contact with the skin.
Available classifications identify it as Skin Irritation Category 2, indicating that unnecessary or prolonged contact should be avoided during weighing, transfer, and formulation operations.
Chemical-resistant gloves and suitable protective clothing are appropriate precautions for routine handling. 

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine can also cause eye irritation, and dust or particles entering the eyes may result in redness, discomfort, or irritation.
Safety information identifies serious eye irritation as a potential hazard and recommends preventing direct eye exposure during handling.
Safety glasses with side protection or chemical splash goggles should be selected according to the level of dust and splash exposure associated with the process. 

Because DL-alpha-Phenylglycine is normally supplied as a powder or crystalline solid, dust generation is an important consideration during weighing, dispensing, milling, or transfer.
Some classifications identify the substance as capable of causing respiratory irritation following exposure to airborne particles.
Avoiding dust formation and providing adequate local ventilation are therefore preferable to relying solely on personal respiratory protection. 

DL-alpha-Phenylglycine Procurement and Technical Support:
Ataman Kimya supports customers looking for DL-alpha-Phenylglycine with dependable supply solutions and relevant technical information for industrial and formulation requirements. 
Additional support can be provided regarding product specifications, available documentation, and the evaluation of suitable product options based on the intended application.