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CAS Number: 1934-21-0
Molecular Weight: 534.36
Colour Index Number: 19140
Beilstein: 69850
EC Number: 217-699-5
MDL number: MFCD00148908
PubChem Substance ID: 24899885
NACRES: NA.47
APPLICATIONS
Tartrazine may be used as a reference standard in the determination of tartrazine in food samples using ion-pair liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode-array and electrospray mass spectrometry detector.
The application of Tartrazine is seen in the phloxine-tartrazine procedure for cellular inclusions such as viral aggregates and eosinophil granules.
E 102 (Tartrazine) may be used as a substitute for orange G in a variant of Mallory′s trichrome, and in a methyl violet-tartrazine mixture to stain cryptosporidia in faecal smears and mucosal scrapings.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is a commonly used color all over the world, mainly for yellow, and can also be used with Brilliant Blue FCF (FD&C Blue 1, E133) or Green S (E142) to produce various green shades.
Most often, tartrazine E102 can be found in yellow drinks and in confectionery products - in sweets, cakes, pastries, jams, jelly, ice cream. In addition, the dye is added to all kinds of preservation - vegetables, fruits, mustard.
In fermented milk products, tartrazine E102 is present in various yoghurts and desserts.
Add color to soups and purees fast food...
E 102 (Tartrazine) is also used in the pharmaceutical industry.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is currently allowed in most European countries, including Russia and Ukraine.
One of the determining factors of such popularity in the food industry is the cheapness of the food additive.
E 102 (Tartrazine) dye is used to color those foodstuffs that we expect to see in yellow.
For example, if the name indicates the color "gold" or "lemon", then most likely the product was colored food coloring...
Here is a list of foods that may contain tartrazine:
-confectionery;
-ice cream;
-puddings;
-jelly;
-conservation;
-baked goods and pastries;
-semi-finished products;
-lemonades and fruit drinks;
-sports drinks;
-energy;
-chewing gum;
-fast food;
-dry mixes for cooking;
-sauces;
-seasonings;
-liqueurs.
The concentration of E 102 (Tartrazine) directly depends on the type of product and manufacturer.
Recently, however, E 102 (Tartrazine) has been abandoned and replaced with a natural color such as curcumin.
In the United States and several other countries, E 102 (Tartrazine) is used in the manufacture of various pharmaceuticals.
In the Russian Federation, such medicines are prohibited for both production and use.
In addition to food, E 102 (Tartrazine) is found in household chemicals and cosmetics.
The lack of color and odor, as well as the apparent safety for health have led to the fact that since the 70s of the last century, tartrazine began to be widely used in the production of a wide variety of food products.
First of all, we are talking about all kinds of carbonated drinks and ice cream, as well as canned fruits and vegetables, which, thanks to E 102 (Tartrazine), acquire an appetizing appearance and are sold much more successfully than products without such an additive.
Nowadays E 102 (Tartrazine) can be found in various creams and jellies, yoghurts and preserves, juices and sweets...
E 102 (Tartrazine) is widely used in the production of packaged soups, various breakfast cereals and mustard, which is the undisputed leader in the number of all kinds of food additives.
Along with this, E 102 (Tartrazine) dye is also used in the chemical industry, being a filler for various types of paints, and is also a part of many drugs.
Many foods contain tartrazine in varying proportions, depending on the manufacturer or person preparing the food.
When in food, tartrazine is typically labelled as "color", "tartrazine", or "E102", depending on the jurisdiction, and the applicable labeling laws.
Products containing tartrazine commonly include processed commercial foods that have an artificial yellow or green color, or that consumers expect to be brown or creamy looking.
It has been frequently used in the bright yellow coloring of imitation lemon filling in baked goods.
The following is a list of foods that may contain tartrazine:
-Desserts and confectionery: ice cream, ice pops and popsicles, confectionery and hard candy (such as gummy bears, Peeps marshmallow treats, etc.), cotton candy, instant puddings and gelatin (such as Jell-O), cake mixes, pastries (such as Pillsbury pastries), custard powder, marzipan, biscuits, and cookies.
-Beverages: soft drinks (such as Mountain Dew), energy and sports drinks, powdered drink mixes (such as Kool-Aid), fruit cordials, and flavored/mixed alcoholic beverages.
-Snacks: flavored corn chips (such as Doritos, nachos, etc.), chewing gum, popcorn (both microwave and cinema-popped), and potato chips.
-Condiments and spreads: jam, jelly (including mint jelly), marmalade, mustard, horseradish, pickles (and other products containing pickles such as tartar sauce and dill pickle dip), and processed sauces.
-Other processed foods: cereal (such as corn flakes, muesli, etc.), instant or "cube" soups, rices (like paella, risotto, etc.), noodles (such as some varieties of Kraft Dinner), pureed fruit and pickled peppers, bright-green-colored seaweed salad.
Personal care and cosmetics products
A number of personal care and cosmetics products may contain tartrazine, usually labelled as CI 19140 or FD&C Yellow 5, including:
Liquid and bar soaps, green hand sanitizer, moisturizers and lotions, mouth washes, perfumes, toothpastes, and shampoos, conditioners and other hair products.
Cosmetics, such as eyeshadow, blush, face powder and foundation, lipstick, etc. – even those that are primarily pink or purple. (Usually make-up manufacturers use one label for all shades in a product line, placing the phrase "may contain" ahead of all colors that are used in that line, not necessarily that specific shade.)
Nail polish, nail polish remover, temporary tattoos, and tanning lotions.
Medications
Various types of medications include tartrazine to give a yellow, orange or green hue to a liquid, capsule, pill, lotion, or gel, primarily for easy identification. Types of pharmaceutical products that may contain tartrazine include vitamins, antacids, cold medications (including cough drops and throat lozenges), lotions and prescription drugs.
Most, if not all, medication data sheets are required to contain a list of all ingredients, including tartrazine.
The Canadian Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties (CPS), a prescribing reference book for health professionals, mentions tartrazine as a potential allergy for each drug that contains tartrazine.
Other products
Other products, such as household cleaning products, paper plates, pet foods, crayons, inks for writing instruments, stamp dyes, face paints, envelope glues, and deodorants, may also contain tartrazine.
DESCRIPTION
E 102 (Tartrazine) is a synthetic lemon yellow azo dye primarily used as a food coloring.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is also known as E number E102, C.I. 19140, FD&C Yellow 5, Yellow 5 Lake, Acid Yellow 23, Food Yellow 4, and trisodium 1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-(4-sulfonatophenylazo)-5-pyrazolone-3-carboxylate).
E 102 (Tartrazine) is a commonly used color all over the world, mainly for yellow, and can also be used with brilliant blue FCF (FD&C Blue 1, E133) or green S (E142) to produce various green shades.
E 102 (Tartrazine) also known as Acid yellow 23, is a hydrophilic polyanionic dye.
Moreover, E 102 (Tartrazine) is a sulfonic dye, which can be synthesized by the reaction of sulfanilic acid with 3-carboxy-l-(4-sulfophenyl)-5-pyrazolone.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is a synthetic lemon yellow azo dye primarily used as a food coloring.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is also known as E number E102, C.I. 19140, FD&C Yellow 5, Acid Yellow 23, Food Yellow 4, and trisodium 1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-(4-sulfonatophenylazo)-5-pyrazolone-3-carboxylate).
E 102 (Tartrazine) is a commonly used color all over the world, mainly for yellow, and can also be used with Brilliant Blue FCF (FD&C Blue 1, E133) or Green S (E142) to produce various green shades.
Also known as E 102 (Tartrazine), it is produced exclusively by chemical synthesis from industrial waste from coal - tar.
In nature, E 102 (Tartrazine) does not occur at all.
E 102 (Tartrazine) has found wide application in the food industry, since its production is the most accessible and cheapest.
The dye E 102 (Tartrazine) has a powder structure.
Its color is usually golden or yellow.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is odorless and tasteless, E 102 (Tartrazine) is perfectly soluble in water and fat, which makes it possible to obtain various gradations of yellow.
The dye has the chemical formula C16H9N4Na3O9S2.
However, when exposed to direct sunlight, E 102 (Tartrazine) quickly decomposes into simple compounds with completely different properties.
For storage, as a rule, a sealed glass tinted or enameled container is used.
One of the brightest representatives of such food additives as dyes is the food additive E102 - tartrazine.
This substance is synthetic, that is, artificial.
This means that in nature this substance does not occur in principle, but is synthesized under laboratory conditions from other substances.
Food additive E 102 (Tartrazine) is made from coal tar (just think about what we immerse in ourselves).
E 102 (Tartrazine) is a yellow powder easily soluble in water.
Thus, the food additive E 102 (Tartrazine) is a dye designed to give the food a yellow color.
Now try to remember what "natural" yellow products are offered to us by the food industry.
Tartrazine, also known as E 102 in Europe, is an additive used in many foods to turn them a specific color, generally yellow.
Its Vegan Status is: Definitely Vegan.
The reason E 102 (Tartrazine) is definitely vegan is because the only way it’s produced is entirely synthetically.
No Animal products go into the production whatsoever, nor do they have a single manufacturer that tested them on animals.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is an artificial color which is used for dying foods yellow, or in some cases green when combined with Brilliant Blue for example.
Moreover, E 102 (Tartrazine) is made out of various chemicals and is entirely synthetic.
E 102 (Tartrazine) generally comes in either a powder or liquid form that’s added to foods, but also some soaps and medications.
E 102 (Tartrazine), also referred to as FD&C yellow #5, is an artificial (synthetic) food dye.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is one of several azo food dyes that are made from petroleum products, and among several dyes and food additives studied for potential health impacts.
E 102 (Tartrazine) adds color to make foods and soft drinks appear more appealing.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is also approved for use in medications (pills, for example) and personal care products, where E 102 (Tartrazine) is used in skin care, shampoo, and cosmetics.
Some textile manufacturers also use azo dyes.
PRODUCTS CONTAINING E 102 (TARTRAZINE)
- Foods
Products containing E 102 (Tartrazine) commonly include processed commercial foods that have an artificial yellow or green color, or that consumers expect to be brown or creamy looking.
E 102 (Tartrazine) has been frequently used in the bright yellow coloring of imitation “lemon” filling in baked goods.
- The following is a list of foods that may contain E 102 (Tartrazine):
Desserts and confectionery: ice cream, ice pops and popsicles, confectionery and hard candy, cotton candy, instant puddings and gelatin (such as Jell-O), cake mixes, pastries, custard powder, marzipan, biscuits, and cookies.
Beverages: soft drinks, energy and sports drinks, powdered drink mixes, fruit cordials, and flavored/mixed alcoholic beverages.
Snacks: flavored corn chips, chewing gum, popcorn, and potato chips.
Condiments and spreads: jam, jelly, marmalade, mustard, horseradish, pickles and processed sauces.
- Other processed foods:
Cereal, rices , noodles, pureed fruit and pickled peppers, bright-green-colored seaweed salad.
- Personal care and cosmetics products:
A number of personal care and cosmetics products may contain E 102 (Tartrazine), usually labelled as CI 19140 or FD&C Yellow 5, including:
Liquid and bar soaps, green hand sanitizer, moisturizers and lotions, mouth washes, perfumes, toothpastes, and shampoos, conditioners and other hair products.
Cosmetics, such as eyeshadow, blush, face powder and foundation, lipstick, etc. – even those that are primarily pink or purple. Nail polish, nail polish remover, temporary tattoos, and tanning lotions.
- Medications:
Various types of medications include E 102 (Tartrazine) to give a yellow, orange or green hue to a liquid, capsule, pill, lotion, or gel, primarily for easy identification.
Types of pharmaceutical products that may contain E 102 (Tartrazine) include vitamins, antacids, cold medications (including cough drops and throat lozenges), lotions and prescription drugs.
- Other products:
Such as household cleaning products, paper plates, pet foods, crayons, inks for writing instruments, stamp dyes, face paints and envelope glues, may also contain E 102 (Tartrazine).
Chemistry:
E 102 (Tartrazine) is water-soluble and has a maximum absorbance in an aqueous solution at 425 nm.
OBTAINING E 102 (TARTRAZINE), ITS CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Like many artificial colors, E 102 (Tartrazine) is a waste product from the production of coal tar.
The main raw material from which E 102 (Tartrazine) is synthesized is hydrocarbons produced in the process of coal coking or oil refining: benzene, xiols, toluene, anthracene and some others.
Azo dyes, which include E 102 (Tartrazine), are the most extensive group of synthetic dyes in terms of the number of varieties.
They are usually obtained as a result of a procedure that consists of two main phases, which can include such actions as sulfonation, nitration, chlorination, condensation, oxidation and others.
To obtain additive E 102 (Tartrazine), phenylhydrazine-p-sulfonic acid is condensed with oxaloacetic ether.
The resulting product is mixed with diazotized acid, for example sulfanilic acid.
The formed ether substance is hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide.
The cost of 1 kilogram of the resulting dye is less than $ 10, which is significantly cheaper than natural dyes like beta-carotene or.
It is for this reason that he is so popular with the owners of food corporations.
This is probably also the reason for the abolition of the ban on its addition to food.
E 102 (Tartrazine) can be in the form of a fine-grained powder, powdered aluminum varnish or an aqueous solution of yellow, light brown or dark ocher color.
E 102 (Tartrazine) dissolves well in glycerin, and worse in ethanol.
The substance is incompatible with strong oxidants.
CHARACTERISTICS OF E 102 (TARTRAZINE)
E 102 (Tartrazine) is one of the cheapest synthetic dyes obtained from the waste of coal mining - coal tar.
E 102 (Tartrazine) is used in food production to give it a yellow color.
Due to its easy solubility in water, E 102 (Tartrazine) is also mixed with other dyes to obtain the desired shade or color.
This food supplement, E 102 (Tartrazine) does not tolerate sunlight.
In a short period of time, when exposed to direct sunlight, E 102 (Tartrazine) decomposes into simple chemical compounds.
In order to maintain the properties of this synthetic azo dye for a long time, E 102 (Tartrazine) is kept in enamel or glassware with tinted walls.
For a long time, the dye E 102 (Tartrazine) was banned in some European countries, but in the 80s of the twentieth century it was again widely used in the food industry almost all over the world.
FEATURES OF STORAGE AND HANDLING OF THE E 102 (TARTRAZINE)
Due to the peculiarities chemical composition substances, under the influence of ultraviolet rays, E 102 (Tartrazine) decomposes into simpler elements, therefore it must be stored in a tightly closed container with opaque walls, in a cool place without access to light.
E 102 (Tartrazine) has the properties of an allergen and a toxin, therefore, when working with it, you must adhere to some safety rules:
Wear a respirator, as if inhaled, E 102 (Tartrazine) can cause Quincke's edema and an attack of suffocation;
Work with the substance only in a well-ventilated area;
Do not allow tartrazine to get on the skin or mucous tissues - this can provoke a chemical burn or an allergic reaction;
Wear special protective clothing (suit, gloves).
PROPERTIES
Chemical formula: C16H9N4Na3O9S2
Molar mass: 534.36 g·mol−1
Solubility in water: 20 g/100 mL
Solubility: 18 g/100 mL in glycerol, negligible in ethanol
SYNONYMS
Trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(E)-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
Food Yellow 4:1;
Aluminum, 4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid complex ;
ACID YELLOW 23 ALUMINUM LAKE;KI4;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 100;Acid yellow 23 aluminum lake (C.I. 19140:1);
Pigment yellow 100 (C.I. 19140:1);Tartrazine alaminium lake
: trisodium 5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(E)-2-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazen-1-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
Acid Yellow 23
C.I. Acid Yellow 23
Carboxy-5-hydroxy-1-p-sulfophenyl-4-p-sulfophenylazopyrazole
CI Acid Yellow 23
Neelicol TartrazineNeelicert FD+C Yellow 5Neelicol Acid Yellow 4YNeelink Yellow TNeeligran Tatrazine Granules Neeligran FD+C Yellow 5 Granules / NeelicleanTartrazine/Neeliclean FD+C Yellow 5 / NeelisolTartrazine / Neelisol FD+C Yellow 5
1H-Pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, 4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[2-(4-sulfophenyl)diazenyl]-, sodium salt (1:3)
CI 19140
Tartrazine
Trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-((4-sulphophenyl)azo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate
trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo) pyrazole-3-carboxylate
Trisodium 5-Hydroxy-1-(4-Sulphophenyl)-4-(4-Sulphophenylazo)Pyrazole-3-Carboxylate
Trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate
trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate
Trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate
Trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate (CI 19140)
trisodium 5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl- 4H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
trisodium 5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl-4H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
trisodium 5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
trisodium 5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(E)-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
trisodium 5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(E)-2-(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazen-1-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate
