E122 AZORUBINE; CARMOISINE

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is a synthetic azo dye used mainly as a red food coloring agent.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is widely applied in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine belongs to the azo dye class.

CAS Number: 3567-69-9
Molecular Formula: C20H15N2NaO7S2
Molecular Weight: 482.46
EINECS Number: 222-657-4

Synonyms: azorubine, Carmoisine, 3567-69-9, Chromotrope FB, Acid red 14, Azo Rubine, C.I. Acid Red 14, Azorubin, C.I. 14720, Acid Rubine, C.I. Food Red 3, Karmesin, Nacarat, Brilliant Crimson Red, Carmoisine bss, Carmoisine ba, Carmoisine fu, Carmoisine ws, Carmoisine S, Carmoisine supra, Carmoisine W, Solar Rubine, Chromotrop FB, HD Carmoisine, Azo rubine af, Carmoisine GRN, Carmoisine LAS, Azo Rubin Extra, Cilefa Rubine R, Acetacid Red B, Kiton Rubine R, Crimson EMBL, Erio Rubine B, Java Rubine N, Nacarat A Export, Azo rubin XX, Eurocert Azorubine, Fenazo Red C, Hexacol Carmoisine, Azo Rubine LZ, Azo Rubine XX, Neklacid rubine W, Tertrochrome Red CA, Acid Rubine Extra, Airedale carmoisine, Hispacid Rubine F, Pontacyl Rubine R, Carmoisine BA-CF, Crimson 2EMBL, Kiton Crimson 2R, Bucacid Azo Rubine, Hidacid Azo Rubine, Standacol carmoisine, Amacid carmoisine B, Brilliant Carmoisine, Calcocid Rubine XX, Solochrome Blue FB, Acid Fast Red FB, Nacarat (VAN), Azo rubine extra lc, Food Red 5, HD Carmoisine Supra, Kenachrome Blue 2R, Atul Crystal Red F, Neklacid Azorubine W, Azo Rubine for Food, Tertrochrome Blue FB, CI ACID RED 14, Certicol Carmoisine S, Acid Chrome Blue BA, Amacid Chrome Blue R, C.I. Acid Red 14, Disodium Salt, Diadem Chrome Blue G, Diadem Chrome Blue R, Nacarat Extra Pure A, Acid Chrome Blue 2R, Chrome Fast Blue 2R, Omega Chrome Blue FB, Acid Chrome Blue FBS, Atul Acid Crystal Red, Food Red 3, Brilliant Acid Rubine M, Nylomine Acid Red P4B, CI 14720, Acid Brilliant Rubine 2G, Acid Chrome Blue BA-CF, Azorubin (E122), Brasilan Azo Rubine 2NS, Brilliant Crimson 2R.FQ, Edicol Supra Carmoisine W, Acid Brilliant Rubine 2GT, Edicol Supra Carmoisine WS, Lighthouse Chrome Blue 2R, Eniacid Brilliant Rubine 3B, Azo Rubine S Specially Pure, Azo rubine (biological stain), C.I. Acid Red No. 14, Ext D and C Red No. 10, 11959 Red, L. Red Z 3040, NCI-C53849, Fruit Red A Extra Yellowish Geigy, Hexacol carmoisine conc., C.I. Mordant Blue 79, DR4641L47F, Poloxal Red 2BRED #1411959 Red, 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-((4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)azo)-, disodium salt, E 122, Acid Brilliant Rubine A2G conc., MFCD00003978, disodium;4-hydroxy-3-[(4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-1-sulfonate, Poloxal Red 2B, CI Acid Red, Disodium 2-(4-sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-1-naphthol-4-sulfonate, Carmoisin [German], CI Food Red 3, 2-(4-Sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-1-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid, disodium salt, Carmoisin, Nacarat Extra Pure 1A, 4-Hydroxy-3-((4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)azo)-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt, Brilliant Crimson 2R. FQ, Sodium 4-hydroxy-3-((4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate, Cerven kysela 14, Red #14, Cerven kysela 14, 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-(2-(4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)diazenyl)-, sodium salt (1:2), CCRIS 163, Schultz Nr. 208, NSC-7807, Cerven potravinarska 3, Ext D & C Red No. 10, Schultz Nr. 208, Cerven potravinarska 3, CI Acid Red 14, disodium salt, HSDB 4137, NSC 7807, EINECS 222-657-4, UNII-DR4641L47F, Carmoisine B, 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-[2-(4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)diazenyl]-, sodium salt (1:2), Disodium 2-(4-sulpho-1-naphthylazo)-1-naphthol-4-sulphonate, 4-Hydroxy-3,4'-azodi-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt, AZORUBINE [MI], 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxy-3,4'-azodi-, disodium salt, 4-Hydroxy-3,4'-azodi-1-naphthalenesulphonic acid, disodium salt, CARMOISINE E122, CARMOISINE [IARC], 2-(4-Sulpho-1-naphthylazo)-1-naphthol-4-sulphonic acid, disodium salt, CI-FOOD RED 3, Disodium salt of 2-(4-sulpho-1-naphthylazo)-1-naphthol-4-sulphonic acid, AZORUBINE [USP-RS], CARMOISINE [MART.], 4-Hydroxy-3-((4-sulpho-1-naphthalenyl)azo)-1-naphthalenesulphonic acid, disodium salt, SCHEMBL42707, CARMOISINE (E122), SCHEMBL342870, Carmoisine, analytical standard, INS NO.122, orb1299378, orb3139401, SCHEMBL2833594, CHEMBL1552837, SCHEMBL29360316, SCHEMBL29360683, CHEBI:82414, INS-122, MSK2414, OJNIRNOPCQQNRY-JZFXEGLSSA-L, Chromotrope FB, Dye content 50%, Disodium 4-hydroxy-3-((4-sulphonatonaphthyl)azo)naphthalenesulphonate, C.I. ACID RED 14 [HSDB], AKOS004901410, AKOS040759294, Azo Rubine (50 per cent Dye content), FF40984, disodium 4-hydroxy-3-[(E)-(4-sulfonato-1-naphthyl)diazenyl]naphthalene-1-sulfonate, NCGC00164088-01, DA-62072, A0580, CI-(1975)NO.14720, E-122, NS00013473, ST50410022, C19358, D88283, Azorubin (E122) 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, F813749, Q409676, 4-hydroxy-3-[(4-sulfonaphthyl)diazenyl]naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt, sodium salt, disodium 4-hydroxy-3-[(4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-1-sulfonate, disodium;(3E)-4-oxo-3-[(4-sulfonato-1-naphthyl)hydrazono]naphthalene-1-sulfonate, sodium (E)-4-hydroxy-3-((4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate, Azo Rubine (50% Dye content);1-Naphthalenesulfonicacid, 4-hydroxy-3-[2-(4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)diazenyl]-, sodiuM salt (1:2);ChroMe becoMes priMe FB;PONTACYL RUBINE R;MORDANT BLUE 79;CI 14720 Acid red 14;Disodium 4-hydroxy-3-[(4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)azo]-1-naphthalenesulfonate;11959red

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is an azo compound containing one or more –N=N– (azo) bonds, linked to aromatic rings with sulfonate groups.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine, is an azo dye consisting of two naphthalene subunits.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is a red solid. 

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is mainly used in foods that are heat-treated after fermentation. It has E number E122.[2]
It provides a bright red to reddish-pink color, commonly used to replace natural red pigments in processed foods.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is stable in water-based systems.
This makes it useful for beverages and gels.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is highly water-soluble due to its sulfonate groups, which allow it to disperse evenly in aqueous solutions.
This ensures uniform coloration.
It is unsuitable for pure oil systems unless emulsified.

The dye shows good stability in acidic and neutral conditions, making it suitable for soft drinks and fruit-flavored products.
However, it may degrade in strong alkaline environments.
This affects color stability.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine has moderate heat stability, allowing it to survive pasteurization and baking processes to some extent.
Prolonged high heat can reduce color intensity.
This limits some applications.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine can exhibit light sensitivity, meaning prolonged exposure to sunlight may cause fading over time.
Proper packaging helps maintain color quality.
This improves shelf life.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is part of the azo dye family, which is known for strong coloring power and broad industrial use.
These dyes are synthetic and not naturally derived.
This distinguishes it from natural colorants.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine does not significantly contribute to flavor or nutrition, serving purely as a color additive.
Its role is visual enhancement only.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is a synthetic water-soluble azo dye used primarily to provide stable red coloration in food, beverage, and pharmaceutical products, especially in water-based systems.

E122 shows good solubility stability in syrup-like systems, making it suitable for sweetened beverages and concentrates.
It remains evenly distributed over time.
This prevents sedimentation.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is often used in reduced-cost color formulations, as it provides strong coloration at low concentration compared to some alternatives.
This improves manufacturing efficiency.
This reduces production cost.

It is mainly limited to water-based systems, as it does not dissolve in fats unless emulsified or combined with carriers.
It guides formulation design.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is a high-strength synthetic water-soluble azo dye with broad compatibility, strong coloring efficiency, and wide application in food, beverage, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical aqueous systems.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine also shows good pH-dependent shade stability, maintaining a strong red color in acidic environments while shifting slightly toward darker tones in neutral conditions.
This behavior is useful for controlled color design.
It supports product consistency across formulations.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is widely used in flavored dairy desserts and milk-based drinks (especially processed or reconstituted systems).
It remains stable in emulsified aqueous environments.
This improves visual uniformity.

The dye is often applied in ready-to-drink syrups and concentrates, where it provides strong coloration even after dilution.
Its high tinting strength ensures visible color at low doses.
This improves efficiency in beverage systems.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used in gel desserts and jelly sweets, where it integrates well into hydrocolloid matrices.
It disperses evenly in gelatin or plant-based gels.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is also used in seasonal confectionery and decorative bakery products, such as icing, fondants, and cake decorations.

Melting point: 254–257°C
Boiling point: 907.49℃ [at 101 325 Pa]
Flash point: >225℃
storage temp.: Amber Vial, Refrigerator
solubility: DMSO (Slightly, Heated), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Slightly)
Colour Index: 14720
form: Solid
color: Red brown
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: Soluble in water
λmax: 383 nm; 515 nm (2nd)
ε (extinction coefficient): ≥14500 at 513–519 nm in H2O at 0.03 g/L; ≥33000 at 214–220 nm in H2O at 0.03 g/L; ≥9000 at 320–326 nm in H2O at 0.03 g/L
Stability: Light sensitive
Major Application: cleaning products; cosmetics; food and beverages; personal care
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: COLORANT
InChIKey: YSVBPNGJESBVRM-ZPZFBZIMSA-L
SMILES: [Na+].[Na+].Oc1c(cc(c2ccccc12)S([O-])(=O)=O)N=Nc3ccc(c4ccccc34)S([O-])(=O)=O
LogP: -0.001

E122 azorubine; carmoisine also shows high tinting strength, meaning only small amounts are needed to produce strong red coloration.
This makes it cost-effective in industrial use.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine improves efficiency in formulation.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is widely used in blended color systems, where it is combined with other dyes (e.g., yellow or blue dyes) to create a range of shades like purple or orange-red.
This allows color customization.
It increases formulation flexibility.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is suitable for low-pH systems, which is why it is commonly used in soft drinks, syrups, and acidic confectionery.
Acidic conditions help stabilize its color.
This improves performance in beverages.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is often used in gel-based products, such as jellies, desserts, and gummies.
It distributes evenly in water-based gels.
This ensures uniform appearance.

The dye is also used in pharmaceutical syrups and coated tablets, where it provides identification coloring.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine helps distinguish different dosages or formulations.
This improves product usability.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is applied in cosmetic products, such as lip glosses and bath products, mainly for water-based formulations.
It provides stable red-pink shades.
This enhances visual appeal.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used in processed snacks and flavored coatings, especially in sugar-based systems.
It maintains color during storage and packaging.
This improves shelf stability.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine can show interaction with light and oxidizing agents, which may lead to gradual fading.
This is more noticeable in transparent products.
Protective packaging reduces this effect.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is commonly used in liquid food systems rather than fat-based systems, due to its water solubility.
This defines its main application range.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine improves formulation targeting.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is a synthetic azo dye with strong water solubility, high color strength, and broad use in acidic food, beverage, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications, primarily for red and pink coloration.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine also demonstrates good compatibility with other synthetic dyes, allowing it to be blended to achieve a wide color spectrum.
This is useful in multi-colored food and beverage formulations.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine improves color versatility.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is commonly used in confectionery coatings and sugar decorations, where it provides stable red tones on surfaces.
It adheres well to sugar-based matrices.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is frequently applied in instant dessert mixes and powdered drink formulations.
It dissolves quickly in water during preparation.
This ensures consistent color distribution.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used in fermented dairy alternatives (non-dairy yogurts and desserts), where it provides stable coloration in plant-based systems.
It performs well in protein-free emulsions.
This improves plant-based product appeal.

The dye can be incorporated into capsule shells and tablet coatings in pharmaceuticals, especially for visual identification.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine helps differentiate strengths or types of medication.
This improves usability and safety.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is also used in oral care and cosmetic rinse products, such as mouthwashes and bath additives.
It provides stable aqueous coloration.
This enhances product appearance.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine can be part of multi-dye systems in sports drinks and energy beverages, where it contributes to customized color profiles.
It blends well with other synthetic colorants.
This increases formulation flexibility.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used in pharmaceutical liquid formulations, particularly syrups and oral solutions.
It helps differentiate products visually.
This improves identification and compliance.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is sometimes used in pet care products, such as flavored liquids or supplements, for visual appeal.
It ensures consistent coloration in aqueous systems.
This improves product presentation.

The dye is not suitable for fat-based systems unless emulsified, limiting its use to water-based or semi-aqueous products.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine guides industrial application.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is a synthetic azo dye with strong water solubility, high tinting efficiency, and broad use in aqueous food, beverage, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical systems for stable red coloration.

Uses Of E122 azorubine; carmoisine:
Azo Rubine is an synthetic red food dye and is used for the purposes where food is heat-treated after fermentation.
In the US, this color was listed in 1939 as Ext. D&C Red No. 10 for use in externally applied drugs and cosmetics. 
E122 azorubine; carmoisine was delisted in 1963 because no party was interested in supporting the studies needed to establish safety. 

E122 azorubine; carmoisine was not used in food in the US.
In the EU, azorubine is known as E number E122 azorubine; carmoisine, and is authorized for use in certain foods and beverages, such as cheeses, dried fruit, and some alcoholic beverages, and is permitted for use as an excipient in medications.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is widely used in the food industry as a synthetic red colorant.
It provides bright red to pink shades in many products.
This improves visual appeal.

In beverages such as soft drinks, syrups, and fruit-flavored drinks, it is commonly used due to its water solubility.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine remains stable in acidic liquids.
This ensures consistent coloration.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is applied in confectionery products, including candies, gummies, jellies, and chewing gum.
It provides strong and uniform red coloring.
This enhances product attractiveness.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used in desserts such as puddings, jelly products, and instant mixes.
It disperses easily in water-based systems.
This improves appearance consistency.

In bakery products and decorations, such as icings, glazes, and cake decorations, it provides stable red tones.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine maintains color during storage.
This improves decorative quality.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used in processed dairy and dairy-like products, such as flavored yogurts and desserts.
It enhances visual appeal in colored varieties.
This improves product presentation.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is widely used in pharmaceutical products, including syrups, tablets, and capsule coatings.
It is used for coloring and product identification.
This improves usability.

In cosmetics and personal care products, such as bath products and some water-based cosmetics, it provides red-pink coloration.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine enhances aesthetic properties.
This improves consumer appeal.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is also used in instant beverage powders and drink concentrates, where it dissolves quickly and evenly.
It ensures consistent color after preparation.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used wherever strong, stable red coloration in water-based systems is required across food, beverage, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is also used in flavored milk drinks and dairy desserts, where it provides consistent red or pink shades.
It works well in aqueous and emulsified systems.
This improves visual uniformity.

In ice creams and frozen desserts, it is used to create colored varieties such as strawberry or berry flavors.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine remains stable under frozen storage conditions.
This ensures consistent appearance.

It is applied in fruit preparations and fillings, especially where natural fruit color is insufficient or inconsistent.
It enhances red fruit tones.
This improves product appeal.

E122 is widely used in chewing gum and coated sweets, where it provides stable coloration in sugar-based coatings.
It adheres well to the surface.
This improves decorative quality.

It is used in gelatin-based and plant-based gel desserts, where it disperses evenly in the gel matrix.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine ensures uniform coloring throughout the product.
This improves consistency.

In pharmaceutical lozenges and oral liquids, it provides color for identification and differentiation.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine helps distinguish flavors or dosages.
This improves usability and safety.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is also applied in cosmetic bath products such as bath salts and liquid soaps, where water-based coloring is required.
It provides bright, stable shades.
This enhances product appearance.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used in ready-to-mix powders and dessert kits, where it dissolves quickly when water is added.
It ensures predictable coloration during preparation.
This improves consumer experience.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine can be found in specialty and seasonal confectionery products, where vibrant red tones are needed for decorative purposes.
It supports themed product design.
E122 azorubine; carmoisine is used wherever intense, stable red coloration in aqueous or semi-aqueous systems is required, especially in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications.

Safety Profile Of E122 azorubine; carmoisine:
E122 azorubine; carmoisine has shown no evidence of mutagenic or carcinogenic properties and an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0–4 mg/kg was established in 1983 by the WHO.
In rare instances, it may cause skin and respiratory allergic reactions even to FDA approved dosages.

E122 azorubine; carmoisine presents moderate hazard potential, mainly related to allergic reactions and sensitivity in some individuals, despite being approved for use within regulated limits.
Its safety depends on dose and individual susceptibility.
Use is strictly controlled in foods.

Skin contact is generally low risk, but may cause mild irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Repeated exposure can increase sensitivity.
Protective handling is recommended in industrial settings.

Eye contact may cause mild to moderate irritation, including redness and discomfort.
Direct contact should be avoided.
Rinsing with water is recommended if exposure occurs.

Inhalation of powder may cause respiratory irritation, especially in occupational environments.
Fine particles can irritate the nose and throat.
Ingestion at approved levels is considered safe for the general population, but some individuals may experience intolerance or hypersensitivity reactions.