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E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate, also known as triacetin and numbered E1518, is an organic chemical compound used as a food additive.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is a colorless, oily liquid with a faint, characteristic odor, used mainly as a flavor carrier and softening agent in the food industry.
CAS No.102-76-1
CBNumber:CB7441695
Molecular Formula:C9H14O6
Molecular Weight:218.2
MDL Number:MFCD00008716
MOL File:102-76-1.mol
Synonyms: GLYCERYLTRIACETATE,GLYCERYL TRIACETATE,Triacetine,triacetate,FEMA 2007,GLYCERIN TRIACETATE,Glyceryl Triacetate (Triacetin),Vanay,Enzactin;Fungacetin
Triacetin is the organic compound with the formula C3H5(OCOCH3)3.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is classified as a triglyceride, i.e., the triester of glyceryl with acetic acid.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is a colorless, viscous, and odorless liquid with a high boiling point and a low melting point.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate has a mild, sweet taste in concentrations lower than 500 ppm, but may appear bitter at higher concentrations.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is one of the glycerine acetate compounds.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate, chemically known as 1,2,3-triacetoxypropane, is an artificial organic compound used widely across the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is a triglyceride obtained by the acetylation of the three hydroxy groups of glyceryl, typically deriving from an acetic acid or other acetylating agents (like acetic anhydride).
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is a triester of glycerin and acetic acid that occurs naturally in papaya.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is mainly used as a synthetic flavoring agent in ice-creams, nonalcoholic beverages and baked goods.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate, also known as 1,2,3-propanetriol triacetate or glyceryl triacetate, is the triester of glycerin and acetic acid.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate can be prepared by heating glycerin with acetic anhydride alone or in the presence of finely divided potassium hydrogen sulfate.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate can also be prepared by the reaction of oxygen with a liquid-phase mixture of allyl acetate and acetic acid using a bromide salt as a catalyst.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is obtained by acetylation of glyceryl and is valued for its ability to improve the texture and extend the shelf life of food products.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate, also known as Glyceryl Triacetate, is a cosmetic biocide, plasticizer, and solvent in cosmetic formulations, at concentrations ranging from 0.8% to 4.0%.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is a commonly used carrier for flavors and fragrances.
Triacetin was affirmed as a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) human food ingredient by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is used as an inactive ingredient additive in some drug formulations.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate has been used as a plasticizer in the tests of acrylic polymer films for drug delivery.
Triacetin is not toxic to animals. However, in one study, E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate caused erythema, slight edema, alopecia, and desquamation, and did cause some irritation in rabbit eyes.
Concentration of triacetin in consumer products is in the range of about 0.005-2 % for cosmetics, and has been reported to be as high as 15-33 % for one specific antifungal drug.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is a colorless, odorless, low-viscosity liquid with excellent plasticizer, solvent, and humectant properties.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and tobacco industries.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is an organic chemical compound classified as a triglyceride—specifically, the triester of glyceryl and acetic acid.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is produced through the esterification of glyceryl (often plant-based, derived from oils like coconut or palm) with acetic acid or acetic anhydride.
Uses
As a plasticizer and fragrance fixative, ink solvent, also used in medicine and dye synthesis.
As a chromatographic fixative, solvent, toughener and fragrance fixative.
Humectants; carrier solvents; plasticizers;E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate can absorb carbon dioxide from the natural gas.
In the production of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and dyes, plasticizers for cigarette filter rods, and so on.
Applied in cosmetics, casting, medicine, dyes and other industries.
This product is non-toxic, non-irritating.
As the substrate for the determination of lipase, perfume fixative, solvent, gas chromatographic fixative (maximum temperature of 85 ℃, solvent: methanol, chloroform), separation of gas and aldehyde analysis.
Potential uses
The plasticizing capabilities of triacetin have been utilized in the synthesis of a biodegradable phospholipid gel system for the dissemination of the cancer drug paclitaxel (PTX).
In the study, triacetin was combined with PTX, ethanol, a phospholipid and a medium chain triglyceride to form a gel-drug complex.
This complex was then injected directly into the cancer cells of glioma-bearing mice.
The gel slowly degraded and facilitated sustained release of PTX into the targeted glioma cells.
Triacetin can also be used as a fuel additive as an antiknock agent for gasoline, and to improve low-temperature viscosity properties of biodiesel.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate has been considered as a possible source of food energy in artificial food regeneration systems on long space missions.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is believed to be safe to get over half of one's dietary energy from triacetin.
Production
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate can be derived from the esterification of glyceryl and acetic acid.
After preheating glyceryl to 50-60 ° C, add acetic acid, benzene and sulfuric acid.
Heat and stir for refluxing dehydration, and recycle the benzene.
Then add acetic anhydride for heating of 4h.
After cooling, the mixture was neutralized with 5% sodium carbonate to pH 7, and the crude layer was dried and the crude oil was dried with calcium chloride.
Distill under reduced pressure, collect the 128-131 ° C (0.93 kPa) fraction, namely glyceryl triacetate.
Chemical Properties
Triacetin has a very faint, fruity odor.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate has a mild, sweet taste that is bitter above 0.05%.
Colorless liquid; slight fatty odor; bitter taste.
Slightly soluble in water; very soluble in alcohol, ether, and other organic solvents.
Combustible.
Triacetin is a colorless, viscous liquid with a slightly fatty odor.
Definition
ChEBI: A triglyceride obtained by acetylation of the three hydroxy groups of glyceryl.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate has fungistatic properties (based on release of acetic acid) and has been used in the topical treatment of minor dermatophyte infections.
Production Methods
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is prepared by the esterification of glycerin with acetic anhydride.
Manufacturing Process
200 grams of allyl acetate, 450 grams of glacial acetic acid and 3.71 grams of cobaltous bromide were charged to the reactor and the mixture was heated to 100°C.
Pure oxygen was then introduced into the reactor below the surface of the liquid reaction mixture at the rate of 0.5 standard cubic feet per hour.
Initially, all of the oxygen was consumed, but after a period of time oxygen introduced into the mixture passed through unchanged.
During the course of the reaction, a small quantity of gaseous hydrogen bromide (a total of 1.9 grams) was introduced into the reaction zone, along with the oxygen.
The reaction was allowed to continue for 6 hours following which the reaction mixture was distilled. Essentially complete conversion of the allyl acetate took place.
A yield of 116 grams of glyceryl triacetate was obtained, this being accomplished by distilling the glyceryl triacetate overhead from the reaction mixture, at an absolute pressure of approximately 13 mm of mercury.
Preparation
By direct reaction of glyceryl with acetic acid in the presence of Twitchell’s reagent, or in benzene solution of glyceryl and boiling acetic acid in the presence of a cationic resin (Zeo-Karb H) pretreated with dilute H2SO4.
Content analysis
Accurately weigh about 1g of the sample, put E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate into a suitable pressure bottle, add 25 mL of 1mol / L. potassium hydroxide solution and 15 mL of isopropyl alcohol, add stopper, wrap with cloth and put it in a canvas bag.
Put E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate into the water bath of 98 ℃ ± 2 ℃ for 1h, and the water level in the water bath should be slightly higher than the bottle level.
Take the bottle out from the bag, cool it to room temperature in the air, unfold the cloth and stopper to release the residual pressure in the bottle, and then remove the cloth.
Add 6 to 8 drops of phenolphthalein test solution (TS-167), apply 0.5mol / L sulfuric acid for titration of excess alkali until the pink could just disappeared.
At the same time, perform a blank test. Each mL of 0.5mol / L sulfuric acid is equivalent to 36.37 mg of glyceryl triacetate (C9H14O6).
Uses
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is a colorless, oily liquid of slight fatty odor and bitter taste.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is soluble with water and is miscible with alcohol and ether.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate functions in foods as a humectant and solvent.
As fixative in perfumery; solvent in manufacture of celluloid, photographic films.
Technical triacetin (a mixture of mono-, di-, and small quantities of triacetin) as a solvent for basic dyes, particularly indulines, and tannin in dyeing.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate, a component of cigarette filters, induced a contact dermatitis in a worker at a cigarette manufacturers.
Primary Functions & Applications
1. Food and Beverage Industry (E1518)
In food manufacturing, Triacetin is prized for its high solvency power and moisture-retaining capabilities:
Flavor Carrier & Solvent: E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is widely used as a carrier solvent for hydrophilic and lipophilic flavorings, helping to stabilize volatile aromatic compounds in both alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages.
Humectant: Its excellent water-binding capacity prevents baked goods, confections, and sweets from drying out, thereby extending shelf life.
Plasticizer in Chewing Gum: E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate functions as a softening agent to optimize the elasticity, texture, and mouthfeel of chewing gum bases.
2. Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Excipient: E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate acts as a plasticizer in hydrophilic polymer coatings for tablets and capsules, ensuring uniform, smooth membranes that make them easier to swallow.
Fixative: In the fragrance and cosmetics industry, its low volatility makes E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate an ideal fixative to retain scents in perfumes, lotions, and deodorants.
3. Industrial Applications
Tobacco Processing: A major industrial use of Triacetin is as a plasticizer in the manufacturing of cellulose acetate cigarette filter rods.
Fuel Additive:E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate serves as an anti-knock agent in gasoline to minimize engine knock and acts as a formulation component to improve the low-temperature viscosity properties of biodiesels.
Pharmaceutical Applications
Triacetin is mainly used as a hydrophilic plasticizer in both aqueous and solvent-based polymeric coating of capsules, tablets, beads, and granules; typical concentrations used are 10–35% w/w.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is used in cosmetics, perfumery, and foods as a solvent and as a fixative in the formulation of perfumes and flavors.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is used in the manufacture of chewing gums, as a softening agent, in alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages as a flavor carrier, and in bakery and confectionery products to improve texture and prevent drying.
Triacetin Properties
Melting point: 3 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 258-260 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.16 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 7.52 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 0.00248 mm Hg @ 250C
refractive index: n25/D 1.429-1.431(lit.)
FEMA: 2007 | (TRI-)ACETIN
Flash point: 300 °F
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: Soluble in water, miscible with ethanol (96 per cent) and toluene.
form: Liquid
color: Clear colorless
PH: 5.0-6.0 (20°C, 50g/L in H2O)
Odor: Characteristic odour
explosive limit: 1.05%, 189°F
biological source: synthetic
Odor Type: fruity
Water Solubility: 64.0 g/L (20 ºC)
Specific Heat Capacity: Cp(liquid): 1.76 J/(g·K), at 25℃
JECFA Number: 920
Merck: 14,9589
BRN: 1792353
Safety
The US Food and Drug Administration has approved E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate as generally recognized as safe food additive and included E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate in the database according to the opinion from the Select Committee On GRAS Substances (SCOGS).
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate is included in the SCOGS database since 1975.
E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate was not toxic to animals in studies of exposure through repeated inhalation over a relatively short period.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion.
Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intravenous routes.
An eye irritant.
Combustible when exposed to heat, flame, or powerful oxidizers.
To fight fire, use alcohol foam, water, CO2, dry chemical.
When heated to decomposition E1518 Glyceryl Triacetate emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
