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E451 Triphosphates is a synthetic food additive composed of sodium and potassium salts of phosphoric acid.
E451 Triphosphates serves as a versatile emulsifier, stabilizer, and moisture-retaining agent in the food industry.
Water-treating compounds, cleaners, specialty fertilizers, sequestrant.
CAS: 13845-36-8
MF: H6KO10P3
MW: 298.06
EINECS: 237-574-9
Synonyms
PotassiuM Tripolyphosphate 50%;Triphosphoricacid, potassiuM salt (1:5);POTASSIUM TRIPHOSPHATE;Triphosphoricacid,pentapotassiumsalt;PotassiumTripolyphosphateFoodGrade;PotassiumTripolyphosphateTechGrade;POTASSIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE TECHNICAL;PotassiumTripolyphoshate
E451 Triphosphates is a triphosphate that is used in analytical methods to detect the presence of nucleic acids.
E451 Triphosphates can be used as a dna template for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) techniques.
E451 Triphosphates also can be used to synthesize nucleic acid probes for use in DNA hybridization assays.
The potassium ion at the center of the polyphosphate ring provides an effective counterion for organic solvents, such as glycol ethers, detergents, and water vapor.
E451 Triphosphates is also used to produce nucleic acid sequences by enzymatic degradation of cDNA.
This process is known as "nucleotide sequencing."
E451 Triphosphates, also sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), or tripolyphosphate (TPP),) is an inorganic compound with formula Na5P3O10.
E451 Triphosphates is the sodium salt of the polyphosphate penta-anion, which is the conjugate base of triphosphoric acid.
E451 Triphosphates is produced on a large scale as a component of many domestic and industrial products, especially detergents.
Environmental problems associated with eutrophication are attributed to its widespread use.
E451 Triphosphates Chemical Properties
Melting point: 620°C
density: 2,54 g/cm3
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
form: Powder
Specific Gravity: 2.54
color: white
Odor: odorless
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: BUFFERING
CHELATING
InChI: InChI=1S/K.H5O10P3.H/c;1-11(2,3)9-13(7,8)10-12(4,5)6;/h;(H,7,8)(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6);
InChIKey: VPGOTXNIRSCNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference: 13845-36-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: E451 Triphosphates (13845-36-8)
Uses
Detergents
The majority of E451 Triphosphates is consumed as a component of commercial detergents.
E451 Triphosphates serves as a "builder", industrial jargon for a water softener.
In hard water (water that contains high concentrations of Mg2+ and Ca2+), detergents are deactivated.
Being a highly charged chelating agent, E451 Triphosphates− binds to dications tightly and prevents them from interfering with the sulfonate detergent.
Food
E451 Triphosphates is a preservative for seafood, meats, poultry, and animal feeds.
E451 Triphosphates is common in food production as E number E451.
In foods, E451 Triphosphates is used as an emulsifier and to retain moisture.
Many governments regulate the quantities allowed in foods, as it can substantially increase the sale weight of seafood in particular.
The United States Food and Drug Administration lists E451 Triphosphates as Generally recognized as safe.
Other
Other uses (hundreds of thousands of tons/year) include ceramics (decrease the viscosity of glazes up to a certain limit), leather tanning (as masking agent and synthetic tanning agent - SYNTAN), anticaking agents, setting retarders, flame retardants, paper, anticorrosion pigments, textiles, rubber manufacture, fermentation, antifreeze."
E451 Triphosphates is used as a polyanion crosslinker in polysaccharide based drug delivery.
Toothpaste may contain E451 Triphosphates.
Preparation and properties
E451 Triphosphates is produced by heating a stoichiometric mixture of disodium phosphate, Na2HPO4, and monosodium phosphate, NaH2PO4, under carefully controlled conditions.
2 Na2HPO4 + NaH2PO4 → Na5P3O10 + 2 H2O
In this way, approximately 2 million tons are produced annually.
E451 Triphosphates is a colourless salt, which exists both in anhydrous form and as the hexahydrate.
The anion can be described as the pentanionic chain [O3POP(O)2OPO3]5−.
Many related di-, tri-, and polyphosphates are known including the cyclic triphosphate (e.g. sodium trimetaphosphate).
E451 Triphosphates binds strongly to metal cations as both a bidentate and tridentate chelating agent.
