PRODUCTS

E500 (SODIUM BICARBONATE)

CAS Number: 144-55-8
EC Number: 205-633-8

E number: E500(ii) (acidity regulators, ...)
Formula: NaHCO3
Molecular mass: 84.0

Decomposes at 50°C
Density: 2.1 g/cm³
Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20°C: 8.7

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a systemic alkalinizing agent.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) most often is administered IV in the treatment of metabolic and respiratory acidosis.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is suggested that you use enough baking soda mixed with water to create a paste-like substance for best results.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has also been shown to be a great way to remove pesticides from fruit.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)'s also effective in getting rid of odors, since baking soda neutralizes both acidic and basic molecules.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can also be used as a personal deodorant, household deodorant for furniture and carpets, and to keep both the fridge and freezer smelling fresh.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is widely available in the form of baking soda and combination products.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) reacts almost instantaneously to neutralize HCl to produce CO2 and NaCl.
The formation of CO2 results in belching and gastric distention.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is also used as an ingredient in some mouthwashes.

Main uses of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate):
Pharmaceutical, bath additive, baking powder, animal food, poultry feed additive, chemical raw material, agrochemical, fire-extinguishing agent, aqueous blast cleaning media, exhaust gas neutralising material, etc.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has anticaries and abrasive properties.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) works as a mechanical cleanser on the teeth and gums, neutralizes the production of acid in the mouth, and also acts as an antiseptic to help prevent infections.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) in combination with other ingredients can be used to make a dry or wet deodorant.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) may be used as a buffering agent, combined with table salt, when creating a solution for nasal irrigation.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used in eye hygiene to treat blepharitis.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is often referred to as a “systemic” antacid because the unreacted fraction is readily absorbed into the general circulation and may alter systemic pH.
The potential for Na+ overload and systemic alkalosis limits its use to short-term relief of indigestion.
Na+ overload resulting from repeated use of large doses may contribute to fluid retention, edema, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and renal failure.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is contraindicated in patients on a low-salt diet.

Uses
There are many uses for baking soda, some of which may surprise you.
The chemical compound is used for a variety of different health conditions and can often be found in at-home remedies, as well as in some over-the-counter (OTC) medications.
The storied history of the use of baking soda suggests that E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is one of the most versatile compounds available.
Washing soda is a good all-purpose cleaner.

Keep in mind that sodium carbonate solution irritates the skin and can produce chemical burns in pure form.
Wear gloves when using E500 (Sodium bicarbonate).

Sodium carbonate is used to adjust swimming pool pH, prevent caking in foods, and treat ringworm and eczema.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)'s also used on a commercial scale for making glass and paper products.

This drug may also be used to reduce the risk of gout and kidney stones.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) makes the urine less acidic, which helps the kidneys get rid of uric acid.
Uric acid can cause gout or kidney stones.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can make some medications (such as sulfonamides) work better or can help your body get rid of too much medication (such as phenobarbital).
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) may also be used for certain metabolic problems (such as acidosis) caused by kidney disease.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) (bicarb, baking soda) is produced primarily from natural and synthetic soda ash.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has a wide variety of uses, and animal feed, food and household applications, flue gas treatment, and pharmaceutical and chemical industry uses account for the largest part of its overall consumption.
China was the world’s largest producer and consumer of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) in 2019.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) reacts spontaneously with acids, releasing CO2 gas as a reaction product.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is commonly used to neutralize unwanted acid solutions or acid spills in chemical laboratories.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a water insoluble Sodium source that can easily be converted to other Sodium compounds, such as the oxide by heating (calcination).
Carbonate compounds also give off carbon dioxide when treated with dilute acids.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is generally immediately available in most volumes.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogen carbonate), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na+) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO3−).
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a white solid that is crystalline, but often appears as a fine powder.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate).

The natural mineral form of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is nahcolite.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a component of the mineral natron and is found dissolved in many mineral springs.
North America is the second-largest producing region, followed by Western Europe and other Asian countries.
The leading five producers accounted for almost 47% of the installed E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) capacity in 2019; the majority of them operate several facilities in different regions.
Solvay accounted for about 16.5% of the total, followed by Henan Zhongyuan (15.8%).
Over the forecast period, capacity is expected to increase at an average annual rate of about 3%.

Uses of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate):
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) reduces stomach acid.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used as an antacid to treat heartburn, indigestion, and upset stomach.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a very quick-acting antacid.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) should be used only for temporary relief.
If you need to treat long-term stomach acid problems (such as peptic ulcer disease, GERD), talk with your doctor about other medications.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is the active ingredient in baking soda.

What Is E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) also is known as baking soda.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used to treat or prevent excess acid in the blood or urine, a condition affecting some children who have had a liver transplant.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) also can reduce stomach acids, and therefore can be used as an antacid to treat heartburn or indigestion.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Dosage
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can be injected or taken by mouth.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is available as a solution for injection, in powder form, or as tablets.

Take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) by mouth, usually every 4 hours as needed or as directed by your doctor.
Some tablets should be dissolved in a glass of water before swallowing.
Other tablets may be swallowed whole or dissolved in water before swallowing.
Follow all directions on the product package for the product you are taking.
If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Uses
Cooking
Leavening
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) reduces stomach acid.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used as an antacid to treat heartburn, indigestion, and upset stomach.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a very quick-acting antacid.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) should be used only for temporary relief.
If you need to treat long-term stomach acid problems (such as peptic ulcer disease, GERD), talk with your doctor about other medications.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is the active ingredient in baking soda.

In cooking, baking soda is primarily used in baking as a leavening agent.
When it reacts with acid, carbon dioxide is released, which causes expansion of the batter and forms the characteristic texture and grain in cakes, quick breads, soda bread, and other baked and fried foods.
The acid–base reaction can be generically represented as follows:
NaHCO3 + H+ → Na+ + CO2 + H2O

Excess bicarbonate ions are absorbed in the small intestine.
Thus, all of a dose of exogenous E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) eventually reaches the extracellular fluid, and a mild alkalosis can result.
This usually is corrected quickly by the renal system in patients with normal renal function.
After IV administration, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) dissociates to bicarbonate ions, which constitute the conjugate base portion of the body's extracellular buffer system (bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffer).
Administration of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) will restore acid-base balance in patients with metabolic or respiratory acidosis; however, metabolic alkalosis can result from the use of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate).
Excess bicarbonate ions that result from the administration of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) are excreted in the urine, alkalizing the urine.
This alkalization decreases renal absorption and increases the clearance of certain drugs, intoxicants, weak acids, and blood pigments.

Baking powder
Main article: Baking powder
Baking powder, also sold for cooking, contains around 30% of bicarbonate, and various acidic ingredients which are activated by the addition of water, without the need for additional acids in the cooking medium.
Many forms of baking powder contain E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) combined with calcium acid phosphate, sodium aluminium phosphate, or cream of tartar.
Baking soda is alkaline; the acid used in baking powder avoids a metallic taste when the chemical change during baking creates sodium carbonate.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) in Medical uses and health
See also: Intravenous E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) mixed with water can be used as an antacid to treat acid indigestion and heartburn.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)s reaction with stomach acid produces salt, water, and carbon dioxide:

NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2(g)

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) , also known as baking soda, is used to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion by neutralizing excess stomach acid.
When used for this purpose, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is said to belong to the group of medicines called antacids.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) may be used to treat the symptoms of stomach or duodenal ulcers.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is also used to make the blood and urine more alkaline in certain conditions.

Antacids should not be given to young children (up to 6 years of age) unless prescribed by their doctor.
Since children cannot usually describe their symptoms very well, a doctor should check the child before giving this medicine.
The child may have a condition that needs other treatment.
If so, antacids will not help and may even cause unwanted effects or make the condition worse.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) for oral use is available without a prescription.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), more commonly known under the name baking soda, is a compound that neutralizes acids and is suitable for a wide range of indigestion and ulcer products and pharmaceuticals.

Synonyms: Baking Soda, Bicarbonate of Soda, Carbonic Acid Monosodium Salt, NaHCO3, Sodium Acid Carbonate, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)
INCI: E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)
Chemical formula: NaHCO3
CAS #: 144-55-8

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is available in the following dosage forms:
Tablet
Granule
Solution

A mixture of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) and polyethylene glycol such as PegLyte, dissolved in water and taken orally, is an effective gastrointestinal lavage preparation and laxative prior to gastrointestinal surgery, gastroscopy, etc.
Intravenous E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) in an aqueous solution is sometimes used for cases of acidosis, or when insufficient sodium or bicarbonate ions are in the blood.
In cases of respiratory acidosis, the infused bicarbonate ion drives the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer of plasma to the left, and thus raises the pH.

For this reason, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used in medically supervised cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Infusion of bicarbonate is indicated only when the blood pH is markedly low (< 7.1–7.0).
HCO3− is used for treatment of hyperkalemia, as E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) will drive K+ back into cells during periods of acidosis.
Since E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can cause alkalosis, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is sometimes used to treat aspirin overdoses.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Cleaning agent
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used in a process for removing paint and corrosion called sodablasting.
As a blasting medium, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used to remove surface contamination from softer and less resilient substrates such as aluminium, copper or timber which could be damaged by silica sand abrasive media.
A manufacturer recommends a paste made from baking soda with minimal water as a gentle scouring powder, and is useful in removing surface rust, as the rust forms a water-soluble compound when in a concentrated alkaline solution; cold water should be used, as hot-water solutions can corrode steel.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) attacks the thin protective oxide layer that forms on aluminium, making it unsuitable for cleaning this metal.

A solution in warm water will remove the tarnish from silver when the silver is in contact with a piece of aluminium foil.
Baking soda is commonly added to washing machines as a replacement for water softener and to remove odors from clothes.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is also almost as effective in removing heavy tea and coffee stains from cups as Sodium hydroxide, when diluted with warm water.
During the Manhattan Project to develop the nuclear bomb in the early 1940s, the chemical toxicity of uranium was an issue.

Uranium oxides were found to stick very well to cotton cloth, and did not wash out with soap or laundry detergent.
However, the uranium would wash out with a 2% solution of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate).
Clothing can become contaminated with toxic dust of depleted uranium (DU), which is very dense, hence used for counterweights in a civilian context, and in armour-piercing projectiles.
DU is not removed by normal laundering; washing with about 6 ounces (170 g) of baking soda in 2 gallons (7.5 L) of water will help to wash it out.

Athletic Performance
Although studies are varied when E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) comes to the use of baking soda as an exercise aid, some have suggested that E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can lead to enhanced performance by improving levels of stamina.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is thought that the high pH level of the powder decreases fatigue in those performing high-intensity exercises by helping to buffer acidic byproducts that may result from prolonged activity.

Linear Formula    NaHCO3
MDL Number MFCD00003528
EC No.    205-633-8
Beilstein/Reaxys No. 4153970
Pubchem CID 516892
IUPAC Name sodium; hydrogen carbonate
SMILES    C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+]
InchI Identifier InChI=1S/CH2O3.Na/c2-1(3)4;/h(H2,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1
InchI Key UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Cleaning and Deodorizing
Baking soda has long been used as a cleaning agent.
The strength of the powder can do wonders for tough kitchen or laundry stains.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Dowsing Kitchen Fires
Grease fires are hard to combat and must never be put out using water.
Baking soda can come in handy when there is no fire extinguisher around, because E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) smothers flames by emitting carbon dioxide.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Forms
Baking soda most typically comes in the form of a powder.
However, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can also be found in capsules, granules, and solutions.
Some over-the-counter medications contain small amounts of baking soda, including Alka-Seltzer.

When E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) (baking soda) is moistened and heated, it releases carbon dioxide gas.
If E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is moistened and heated in the presence of sufficient acid, it will release twice as much gas as if E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is moistened and heated without the presence of an acid.
Slightly acidic ingredients provide the mix with some of the necessary acids for the release of carbon dioxide gas.
Examples are:
Honey
Molasses
Ginger
Cocoa
Bran

For this reason, some of the mixes contain baking powder only while others contain a combination of baking powder and baking soda.
If an excessive amount of baking soda is used in a cake batter without the presence of sufficient acid, the normally white cake crumb will have a yellowish-brown colour and a strong undesirable smell of soda.
The gas evolves very fast at the beginning of baking when the pH level is still on the acidic side (pH of around 5 to 6).

Once the soda neutralizes the acid, the dough or batter quickly becomes alkaline and the release of gas is reduced.
Mixes and doughs leavened with baking soda must be handled without delay, or the release of the gas may be almost exhausted before the product reaches the oven.
The darker colour of the crumb found on the bottom half of a cake or muffins is caused by the partial dehydration of the batter that is heated first during baking.

In spiced honey cookies and gingerbread, baking soda is used alone to give them quick colour during baking and yet keep the products soft.
In chocolate cakes, baking soda is used in conjunction with baking powder to keep the pH at a desirable level.

SODIUM BICARBONATE USES:
Cooking: primarily, used as a leavening agent in baking.
Sometimes used for green vegetables baking to give them a bright green color.

Baking powder: E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used for cooking. Baking powder contains a high level of composition of Nahcolite.
Pest control: E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can be used to kill insects like cockroaches and can be used to control fungal growth.
Paint and corrosion removal: E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used in a process called as soda blasting to remove corrosion.
Personal hygiene: Much toothpaste contains E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)s giving better whitening and plaque removal than the toothpaste not having E500 (Sodium bicarbonate).

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is also used in mouthwashes.
Also used as the buffering agent.
Medical uses: Can be used to treat heartburn and acid indigestion along with water.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used for treatment in case of an overdose of aspirin.
Can be used to get relieved from some insects bites and stings.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can be used to get relieved from some plants allergy.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is also used to remove splinters from the skin.
In sports: Used as the supplement for athletes, in speed based events.
Other uses: As a cleaning agent, for alkalinity and also used as a cattle feed supplement.
Also used in a fire extinguisher and for neutralization of acid and bases.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) may sound like something you’ve never heard of, but chances are there is some sitting in your kitchen cupboard right now.
Otherwise known as baking soda, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a salt made of a sodium cation and a bicarbonate anion.
Baking soda is often found as a fine powder substance, despite the fact that E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is actually a crystalline solid.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is considered a monosodium (only containing one atom of sodium) and has a slight alkaline value.

Odor control
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is often claimed that baking soda is an effective odor remover, and E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is often recommended that an open box be kept in the refrigerator to absorb odor.
This idea was promoted by the leading U.S. brand of baking soda, Arm & Hammer, in an advertising campaign starting in 1972.
Though this campaign is considered a classic of marketing, leading within a year to more than half of American refrigerators containing a box of baking soda, there is little evidence that E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is in fact effective in this application.

Chemistry
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is an amphoteric compound.
Aqueous solutions are mildly alkaline due to the formation of carbonic acid and hydroxide ion:
HCO−3 + H2O → H2CO3 + OH−

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can be used as a wash to remove any acidic impurities from a "crude" liquid, producing a purer sample.
Reaction of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) and an acid produces a salt and carbonic acid, which readily decomposes to carbon dioxide and water:
NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2CO3
H2CO3 → H2O + CO2(g)

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) reacts with acetic acid (found in vinegar), producing sodium acetate, water, and carbon dioxide:
NaHCO3 + CH3COOH → CH3COONa + H2O + CO2(g)

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) reacts with bases such as sodium hydroxide to form carbonates:
NaHCO3 + NaOH → Na2CO3 + H2O

Baking soda is an alkaline or basic ingredient.
If dough contains an acidic ingredient, such as buttermilk, citrus fruit juice, sourdough starter or yogurt, baking soda will react with E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) to produce leavening.
Like baking powder, baking soda may negatively affect the color and flavor of finished products and result in a very acidic or bitter taste.
If a recipe contains both baking soda and baking powder, then the baking powder will probably be responsible for the majority of the leavening.
The baking soda will likely function more to neutralize any acids in the recipe and add tenderness.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) use during CPR is one of the most controversial issues in the cardiac arrest literature.
This stems from its potential side effects and the lack of evidence in animals and humans of any benefit from receiving bicarbonate during CPR.
Administration of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) results in an acid-base reaction in which bicarbonate combines with hydrogen ions to form water and carbon dioxide, resulting in an elevated blood pH:
HCO3-+H+→H2CO3→H2O+CO2

Because bicarbonate generates carbon dioxide, adequate alveolar ventilation must be present before E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)s administration.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) administration transiently elevates CO2 levels in the blood so that administration during cardiac arrest may worsen preexisting respiratory acidosis if ventilation is not adequate to remove the elevated CO2.
This may be more of an issue for children because a major cause of cardiac arrest is respiratory failure.

SYNONYMS
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate; Baking Soda; Carbonic acid monosodium salt; Monosodium carbonate
CAS NUMBER:
144-55-8
MOLECULAR FORMULA:
NaHCO3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
84.006 g/mol
BEILSTEIN REGISTRY NUMBER:
4153970
EC NUMBER:
205-633-8

Thermal decomposition
At temperatures from 80–100 °C (176–212 °F), E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) gradually decomposes into sodium carbonate, water, and carbon dioxide.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Uses in Treatment
Proper kidney function is important, because the kidneys are designed to remove both waste and excess water from the bloodstream that could build up and cause health problems.
They also play an integral role in the balance of essential minerals.
When the kidneys aren't functioning at their best, the acid-base balance in the body can be thrown off, causing systemic and very dangerous problems.
Research suggests that those with less than desirable kidney function might slow the progression of their disease by taking baking soda supplements because of its higher Ph.
Baking soda could also help increase the efficacy of chemotherapy treatments in cancer patients by encouraging a less acidic environment for tumors.
However, neither of these uses should be implemented without the guidance of a medical professional.
Serious side effects can result with improper use.

The conversion is faster at 200 °C (392 °F):
2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

Most bicarbonates undergo this dehydration reaction. Further heating converts the carbonate into the oxide (above 850 °C/1,560 °F):
Na2CO3 → Na2O + CO2
These conversions are relevant to the use of NaHCO3 as a fire-suppression agent ("BC powder") in some dry-powder fire extinguishers.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Stability & Shelf Life
If kept cool (room temperature) and dry (an airtight container is recommended to keep out moist air), E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can be kept without a significant amount of decomposition for at least two or three years.

IUPAC name
sodium hydrogen carbonate
Other names
Baking soda, bicarb (laboratory slang), bicarbonate of soda, nahcolite, natrium hydrogen carbonate, natron

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Production
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is produced industrially from sodium carbonate:
Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O → 2 NaHCO3

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is produced on the scale of about 100,000 tonnes/year (as of 2001)[dubious – discuss] with a worldwide production capacity of 2.4 million tonnes per year.
Commercial quantities of baking soda are also produced by a similar method: soda ash, mined in the form of the ore trona, is dissolved in water and treated with carbon dioxide.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) precipitates as a solid from this solution.
Regarding the Solvay process, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is an intermediate in the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia, and carbon dioxide.
The product however shows low purity (75pc).
NaCl + CO2 + NH3 + H2O → NaHCO3 + NH4Cl

Although of no practical value, NaHCO3 may be obtained by the reaction of carbon dioxide with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide:
CO2 + NaOH → NaHCO3

Mining
Naturally occurring deposits of nahcolite (NaHCO3) are found in the Eocene-age (55.8–33.9 Mya) Green River Formation, Piceance Basin in Colorado.
Nahcolite was deposited as beds during periods of high evaporation in the basin.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is commercially mined using common underground mining techniques such as bore, drum, and longwall mining in a fashion very similar to coal mining.
Limited amounts of product are further obtained by solution mining, pumping heated water through previously mined nahcolite beds and reconstituting the dissolved nahcolite above ground through a natural cooling crystallization process.
Currently, only Genesis Alkali (formerly Tronox, formerly FMC) in the Green River Wyoming basin has successfully commercially solution mined the product.

Formula CHNaO3
CHO3.Na
Net Charge 0
Average Mass 84.00660
Monoisotopic Mass 83.98234
InChI InChI=1S/CH2O3.Na/c2-1(3)4;/h(H2,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SMILES [Na+].OC([O-])=O

How to use E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)
Take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) by mouth, usually every 4 hours as needed or as directed by your doctor.
Some tablets should be dissolved in a glass of water before swallowing.
Other tablets may be swallowed whole or dissolved in water before swallowing.
Follow all directions on the product package for the product you are taking.
If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
If you are self-treating and your acid problems last or get worse after you have used this product for 2 weeks, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away.
If you are using E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) regularly on a daily basis for more than 2 weeks, you may have a medical problem that needs different treatment.

Ask your doctor if E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is the right medication for you.
If your doctor has directed you to take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) for acidosis or to alkalinize your urine, your dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.
To get the most benefit from E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) regularly, exactly as directed.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is usually taken by mouth several times a day.
To help you remember, take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) at the same times each day.
Do not increase the dose, take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) more often, or continue taking this for longer than prescribed.

Baking soda, also known as E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), is widely used in baking.
This is because E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has leavening properties, meaning E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) causes dough to rise by producing carbon dioxide.
Aside from cooking, baking soda has a variety of additional household uses and health benefits.
Here are 23 benefits and uses of baking soda.

CAS Number: 144-55-8
Beilstein Reference: 4153970
ChEBI: CHEBI:32139
ChEMBL: ChEMBL1353
ChemSpider: 8609
DrugBank: DB01390
ECHA InfoCard: 100.005.122
EC Number: 205-633-8
E number: E500(ii) (acidity regulators, ...)
IUPHAR/BPS: 4507
KEGG: C12603
MeSH: Sodium+bicarbonate
PubChem CID: 516892
RTECS number: VZ0950000
UNII: 8MDF5V39QO
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID9021269

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a salt that breaks down to form sodium and bicarbonate in water.
This breakdown makes a solution alkaline, meaning E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is able to neutralize acid.
Because of this, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is often used to treat conditions caused by high acidity in the body, such as heartburn.
People use E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) for athletic performance, kidney damage caused by contrast dyes (contrast induced nephropathy), indigestion (dyspepsia), stomach ulcers, dental plaque, tooth discoloration, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
People also use E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), or baking soda, as an ingredient in baking.,

How does E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) work ?
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a salt that breaks down in fluids, including blood and urine, to form sodium and bicarbonate.
This breakdown buffers the blood and makes E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) less acidic.
This ability to neutralize acid helps treat conditions related to high acidity in bodily fluids, such as indigestion, which is caused by too much acid in the stomach.

Before taking E500 (Sodium bicarbonate),
tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially other antacids, aspirin or aspirin-like medicines, benzodiazepines, flecainide (Tambocor), iron, ketoconazole (Nizoral), lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid), methenamine (Hiprex, Urex), methotrexate, quinidine, sulfa-containing antibiotics, tetracycline (Sumycin), or vitamins.
Take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) at least 2 hours apart from other medicines.
tell your doctor if you have or have ever had high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, or kidney disease or if you have recently had bleeding in your stomach or intestine.
tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding.
If you become pregnant while taking E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), call your doctor.

What should I do if I forget a dose of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)?
If your doctor has told you to take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) on a certain schedule, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it.
However, if E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule.
Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Why is E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) prescribed?
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is an antacid used to relieve heartburn and acid indigestion.
Your doctor also may prescribe E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) to make your blood or urine less acidic in certain conditions.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Appearance: White crystals
Odor: Odorless
Density
2.20 g/cm3
Melting point: (Decomposes to sodium carbonate starting at 50 °C)
Solubility in water
69 g/L (0 °C)
96 g/L (20 °C)
165 g/L (60 °C)

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Solubility:
0.02 wt% acetone,
2.13 wt% methanol @22 °C.
insoluble in ethanol
log P: −0.82
Acidity (pKa)
10.329
6.351 (carbonic acid)
Refractive index (nD)
nα = 1.377 nβ = 1.501 nγ = 1.583

Compound Formula CHNaO3
Molecular Weight 84
Appearance White crystalline powder or granules
Melting Point 3000 °C
Boiling Point N/A
Density 2.16- 2.2 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O N/A
Exact Mass 83.982338
Monoisotopic Mass 83.982338

SODIUM BICARBONATE
144-55-8
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
Sodium hydrogencarbonate
Baking soda
Carbonic acid monosodium salt
Sodium acid carbonate
Bicarbonate of soda
Sodium hydrocarbonate
Meylon
Acidosan
Neut
Natriumhydrogenkarbonat

Pyrotechnics
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is one of the main components of the common "black snake" firework.
The effect is caused by the thermal decomposition, which produces carbon dioxide gas to produce a long snake-like ash as a combustion product of the other main component, sucrose.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is also used to delay combustion reactions by releasing CO2 and H2O when heated, both of which are flame retardants.

Mild disinfectant
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has weak disinfectant properties, and it may be an effective fungicide against some organisms.
Because baking soda will absorb musty smells, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has become a reliable method for used book sellers when making books less malodorous.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is sometimes used for urinary alkalinization.
Despite being a highly effective antacid, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is rarely used for the chronic treatment of peptic ulcer disease because E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can be absorbed and can affect systemic acid-base balance.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) was in use prior to 1938 and approved by the FDA at E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)s inception.
Mechanism of Action: After oral administration, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) neutralizes hydrochloric acid in the stomach, forming sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water.

NaHCO3
Monosodium carbonate
Jusonin
Soludal
Soda Mint
Soda (van)
Carbonic acid sodium salt (1:1)
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) (1:1)
Monosodium hydrogen carbonate
MFCD00003528
Carbonic acid, monosodium salt
UNII-8MDF5V39QO
sodium hydrogencarbonat
8MDF5V39QO
E500
CHEBI:32139
Natron
Col-evac
Sel De vichy
Natrium bicarbonicum
Soda Ash
Natrii hydrogencarbonas
E 500
E-500

What should I know about storage and disposal of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)?
Keep E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) in the container E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children.
Store E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom).
Unneeded medications should be disposed of in special ways to ensure that pets, children, and other people cannot consume them.

However, you should not flush E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) down the toilet.
Instead, the best way to dispose of your medication is through a medicine take-back program.
Talk to your pharmacist or contact your local garbage/recycling department to learn about take-back programs in your community.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is important to keep all medication out of sight and reach of children as many containers (such as weekly pill minders and those for eye drops, creams, patches, and inhalers) are not child-resistant and young children can open them easily.

Natrium hydrogencarbonicum
sodium hydrogen-carbonate
Caswell No. 747
Sodium carbonate (Na(HCO3))
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), 99+%, for HPLC
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), 99+%, extra pure
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), 99.5%, for analysis

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is buffer commonly used for maintaining the pH of cell culture medium in the presence of 4–10% carbon dioxide.
In addition to buffering, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) provides some nutritional benefit, while rarely displaying any cell toxicity.
Formulated as 75 g per liter of water, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), 7.5% Solution is perfect for supplementing dry powder medium during reconstitution.
The final E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) concentration used in the medium depends on the media formulation and the carbon dioxide concentration used in the incubator.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) Use
For Research Use Only.
Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) in plastic container
Meylon (TN)
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), 99.7+%, ACS reagent
CCRIS 3064
HSDB 697
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), 99.5%, for biochemistry
Neut (TN)
NSC-134031
EINECS 205-633-8
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) solution
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 073505
NSC 134031
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) [USP:JAN]

If you are self-treating and your acid problems last or get worse after you have used this product for 2 weeks, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away.
If you are using E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) regularly on a daily basis for more than 2 weeks, you may have a medical problem that needs different treatment.
Ask your doctor if this is the right medication for you.

If your doctor has directed you to take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) for acidosis or to alkalinize your urine, your dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.
To get the most benefit from E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) regularly, exactly as directed.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is usually taken by mouth several times a day.
To help you remember, take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) at the same times each day.
Do not increase the dose, take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) more often, or continue taking this for longer than prescribed.

How to Properly Take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can be taken with or without food.
People who are using E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) should avoid large amounts of dairy products, which can increase the chance of experiencing side effects.

Features of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate):
-A mild and weak alkali -
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a white powder with molecular formula NaHCO3, and pH of 8.5 (1% aqueous solution, 25°C).
Among sodium compounds, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is one of the substances with the lowest alkalinity.

-E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can be poured into water as is -
Because the alkalinity is low, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) does not exceed the Japanese effluent standard of aqueous solutions (marine areas: between 5.0-9.0, non-marine areas: between 5.8-8.6).
If you use in other countries, please consult your local laws and regulations.

-E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has a buffer effect -
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) solutions have the effect of moderating pH changes.

-E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is a safe inorganic substance -
Among registered and existing chemical substances, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is extremely safe and can be stored in stable form at room temperature and ordinary pressure.

Generic name: E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)
Chemical formula: NaHCO3
Other names: Bicarbonate of soda, baking soda

CSCL Number　　
1-164 (Na2CO3), 1-310 (carbonated water)
Industrial Safety and Health Act Number　　
1-164 (Na2CO3), 1-310 (carbonated water)
CAS NO　　
144-55-8

What are the alternatives for E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)?
For many years, the form of baking soda most widely available for consumer products was manufactured from refined minerals that were mined from the earth.
While this form of baking soda is natural, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) requires several processing steps to create.
Our Research and Product Development Team has found that E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is now possible to obtain commercial quantities of food-grade nahcolite, a naturally occurring form of baking soda.
Consequently, we formulate our baking soda toothpaste and mouthwash to include nahcolite, the most natural form of baking soda available.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) administration is a suggested treatment modality for a variety of toxicologic and nontoxicologic conditions such as poisonings by tricyclic antidepressants, toxic alcohols, and salicylates, and other conditions such as hyperkalemia.
The rationale for its use can be divided into several distinct categories, and E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)s method of administration depends on E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)s clinical indication.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) (NaHCO3) is used primarily to combat acidosis, although E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)’s the treatment of choice in certain cases of overdose.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) works by mixing with lactic acid that forms in low perfusion states and in periods of inadequate oxygenation, such as shock and cardiac arrest.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is then converted to a form of carbonic acid that turns into carbon dioxide, and in turn, is expelled through the lungs during ventilation.
Primarily, NaHCO3 works as a buffer by mixing with acids within the body to reduce the acid—base imbalance.
Acidosis can develop when excessive amounts of lactic acid are produced during low perfusion states and in periods of inadequate oxygenation.
In the presence of NaHCO3, the excess acid is converted to a form of carbonic acid, and then into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water.

The excess CO2 is expelled through the lungs during ventilation.
Patients who become hypoxic from hypoventilation or poor perfusion are unable to metabolize the products of anaerobic glycolysis, which causes lactic and metabolic acidosis to develop thereby lowering their pH level.
A normal pH is 7.35 to 7.45; a pH less than 7.35 places the patient in a state of acidosis.
During severe acidosis (pH less than 7.2), the heart is more susceptible to v fib and other arrhythmias.
Myocardial contractility is suppressed, hypotension occurs, hepatic blood flow is reduced, and oxygen delivery to tissue is impaired.
The body uses bicarbonate as a buffer to offset the increase in acid production, attempting to maintain homeostasis.
Several studies have challenged whether treating serum acidosis with bicarbonate actually influences the true acidosis, which occurs at the intracellular level.

Formula: NaHCO3
Molecular mass: 84.0
Decomposes at 50°C
Density: 2.1 g/cm³
Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20°C: 8.7

Aspirin requires an acidic environment for proper absorption, and the basic environment diminishes aspirin absorption in the case of an overdose.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) has also been used in the treatment of tricyclic antidepressant overdose.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can also be applied topically as a paste, with three parts baking soda to one part water, to relieve some kinds of insect bites and stings (as well as accompanying swelling).
Some alternative practitioners, such as Tullio Simoncini, have promoted baking soda as a cancer cure, which the American Cancer Society has warned against due to both its unproven effectiveness and potential danger in use.

Treatment of metabolic acidosis should, if possible, be superimposed on measures designed to control the basic cause of the acidosis – e.g., insulin in uncomplicated diabetes, blood volume restoration in shock.
But since an appreciable time interval may elapse before all of the ancillary effects are brought about, bicarbonate therapy is indicated to minimize risks inherent to the acidosis itself.
Vigorous bicarbonate therapy is required in any form of metabolic acidosis where a rapid increase in plasma total CO2 content is crucial – e.g., cardiac arrest, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration, and in severe primary lactic acidosis or severe diabetic acidosis.

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) (better known to the world as baking soda) is a soluble white powder that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder.
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)’s odorless, non-combustible and reacts with acids to release carbon dioxide gas and heat.

Acidic materials that induce this reaction include hydrogen phosphates, cream of tartar, lemon juice, yogurt, buttermilk, cocoa, and vinegar.
Baking soda may be used together with sourdough, which is acidic, making a lighter product with a less acidic taste.

Heat can also by itself cause E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) to act as a raising agent in baking because of thermal decomposition, releasing carbon dioxide at temperatures above 80 °C (180 °F), as follows:
2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

When used this way on E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)s own, without the presence of an acidic component (whether in the batter or by the use of a baking powder containing acid), only half the available CO2 is released (one CO2 molecule is formed for every two equivalents of NaHCO3).
Additionally, in the absence of acid, thermal decomposition of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) also produces sodium carbonate, which is strongly alkaline and gives the baked product a bitter, "soapy" taste and a yellow color.
Since the reaction occurs slowly at room temperature, mixtures (cake batter, etc.) can be allowed to stand without rising until they are heated in the oven.

sodium bicabonate
sodium bicarbonat
bicarbonate sodium
sodiumbi-carbonate
sodium bi-carbonate
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)-
Sodium bi carbonate
natriumhydrogencarbonat
CHNaO3

If you are using E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) as an antacid, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) should be taken 1 to 2 hours after meals, with a full glass of water.
If you are using E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) for another reason, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) may be taken with or without food.
Do not take E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) on an overly full stomach.
Dissolve E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) powder in at least 4 ounces (120 milliliters) of water.

Measure powdered doses carefully using a measuring spoon.
Do not use E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) for longer than 2 weeks unless your doctor tells you to.
If E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) does not improve your symptoms, call your doctor.
Do not give E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) to children under 12 years of age unless your doctor tells you to.

sodium hydrogencabonate
sodiumhydrogen carbonate
PubChem23592
sodium hydrogen cabonate
ACMC-20ajp0
hydrogen carbonate sodium
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), USP
sodium hyd-rogencarbonate
sodium-hydrogen-carbonate
SODIUM BICARBONIATE
EC 205-633-8
CHEMBL1353
INS NO.500(II)

However, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is important to know whether the cocoa powder you are using is natural or treated by the Dutch process.
Baking soda in a chocolate mix not only counteracts the acid content in the baked cake but also improves the grain and colour of the cake.

A darker and richer chocolate colour is produced if the acid level is sufficient to release all the carbon dioxide gas.
On the other hand, the reddish, coarse, open-grained crumb in devil’s food cake is the result of using baking soda as the principal leavening agent.
The level of baking soda depends on the nature of the product and on the other ingredients in the formula.

DTXSID9021269
INS-500(II)
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) (JP17/USP)
sodium hydrogen carbonate solution
AMY40219
E-500(II)
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) -40-+140 mesh
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate), Biochemical Grade

Manufacturing process of E500 (Sodium bicarbonate):
There are 2 types of manufacturing processes for E500 (Sodium bicarbonate): Wet and dry.
Generally, the method used for large-scale production is the wet method in which E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is precipitated as crystals by infusing carbon dioxide gas into caustic soda derived by electrolysis to cause a reaction, and AGC uses this method to manufacture its E500 (Sodium bicarbonate).

AKOS015836321
AKOS015951222
Sodium hydrogen carbonate, Puratronic?
DB01390
E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) A.C.S. reagent grade
S304
Bicarbonate, 1M buffer solution, pH 8.0
Bicarbonate, 1M buffer solution, pH 8.5

E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) is used for the treatment of metabolic acidosis which may occur in severe renal disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration, extracorporeal circulation of blood, cardiac arrest and severe primary lactic acidosis.
Also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate.
Further indicated in the treatment of certain drug intoxications, including barbiturates (where dissociation of the barbiturateprotein complex is desired), in poisoning by salicylates or methyl alcohol and in hemolytic reactions requiring alkalinization of the urine to diminish nephrotoxicity of blood pigments.
In the Dutch process, some of the acid in the cocoa is already neutralized, and there is less left for the release of gas in the mix.
This means more baking powder and less baking soda is used.

Coughing and sneezing if a high concentration of dust has been inhaled
Gastrointestinal irritation can occur if large amounts have been ingested
Mild irritation, such as redness and slight pain, may result from eye contact
In dry form, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate)’s typically non-irritating to intact skin; however, E500 (Sodium bicarbonate) can cause irritation to damaged skin when moisture is present.