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E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is a white, free-flowing powdered material that occurs as colorless crystals.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is a leavening acid used in baking powders; prepared institutional and retail cake, cookie, and biscuit mixes; muffins; self-rising flour and baking mixes.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaAl(SO4)2·12H2O (sometimes written Na2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O).
CAS Number: 10102-71-3
Molecular Formula: AlNaO8S2
Molecular Weight: 242.1
EINECS Number: 233-277-3
Synonyms: ALUMINUMSODIUMSULFATE,REAGENT;ALUMINIUMSODIUMSULPHATE;SODIUMALUMINIUMSULPHATE;Sulfuric acid, aluminum sodium salt;sodium aluminium sulfate for food：sodium alum for food;SODIUM ALUMINUM SULFATE;aluminiumsodiumbis(sulfate);aluminiumsodiumbis(sulphate)
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate, or SAS, this white solid is used in the manufacture of baking powder and as a food additive.
Its official mineral name is alum-Na (IMA symbol: Aum-Na[3]).
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate, also known as sodium aluminium sulphate, is an inorganic double salt of aluminium sulphate and sodium sulphate.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate has the general composition NaAl(SO₄)₂ · xH₂O (often found as a hydrated form).
It is used mainly as a coagulant, acidity regulator, and processing aid in industrial and water treatment applications.
Chemically, E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate contains aluminium ions (Al³⁺), sodium ions (Na⁺), and sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻).
It behaves as a slightly acidic salt in water due to aluminium hydrolysis.
This gives it coagulating properties similar to aluminium sulphate.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate appears as a white crystalline powder or granules.
It is soluble in water and forms mildly acidic solutions.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is stable under normal storage conditions.
It functions as a coagulant and flocculant, helping suspended particles in water clump together.
This allows impurities to be removed more easily from liquids.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves clarification processes.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used in water treatment systems, where it helps purify drinking water and wastewater.
It reduces turbidity and removes fine particles.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves water quality.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate also acts as an acidity regulator in industrial processes, helping control pH during production.
It maintains stable chemical conditions in systems.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is best described as a double aluminium-sodium sulfate salt used mainly for water purification, coagulation, and pH control due to its ability to remove suspended particles and stabilize liquid systems.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used in leather processing, where it assists in tanning reactions and stabilization of hides.
It helps improve structural integrity of leather.
This improves material durability.
In mineral processing and ore washing, it helps separate fine particles from valuable materials.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate supports sedimentation and clarification in slurry systems.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves resource recovery.
In laboratory studies, it is used as a standard coagulant to study flocculation behavior and water chemistry reactions.
It helps model real-world water treatment processes.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves scientific understanding.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is a versatile industrial coagulant used in water treatment, sludge processing, paper production, textiles, leather tanning, mineral processing, and environmental systems due to its controlled flocculation properties and ability to improve particle removal efficiency in liquid systems.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate also contributes to fine-tuning water chemistry in treatment plants, where precise control of coagulation speed is important.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps operators adjust floc formation without changing system stability too abruptly.
This improves operational flexibility.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used in multi-stage water purification systems, where it works alongside filtration and disinfection steps.
It reduces load on downstream filters by removing fine particles early.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves overall treatment efficiency.
In industrial clarification of process liquids, it helps remove suspended solids from manufacturing streams.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is useful in systems that require high clarity liquids for further processing.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves production quality.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is applied in paper mill white water recycling systems, where it helps recover fibers and reduce waste.
It supports cleaner recycling of process water.
In coating and pigment preparation systems, it helps stabilize suspensions of fine particles.
Melting point: ~60℃ [MER06]
Density: 1.610
Refractive index: 1.4388
Solubility: insoluble in ethanol
Form: colorless crystals
Color: colorless crystals, crystalline
Water Solubility: g anhydrous/100 g H2O: 37.4 (0°C), 39.7 (20°C), 43.8 (40°C) [LAN05]; insoluble alcohol [MER06]
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: ANTIPERSPIRANT; ASTRINGENT
InChI: InChI=1S/Al.Na.2H2O4S/c;;21-5(2,3)4/h;;2(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+3;+1;;/p-4
InChIKey: GJPYYNMJTJNYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-J
SMILES: S([O-])(=O)(=O)[O-].S([O-])([O-])(=O)=O.[Al+3].[Na+]
LogP: -1.031 (est)
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used in ceramic slip processing, where it assists in controlling particle dispersion in liquid clay mixtures.
It helps achieve uniform casting behavior.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves ceramic quality.
In industrial wastewater color removal, it helps bind dye molecules and organic particles.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves clarity of treated effluents.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves environmental discharge quality.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used in construction-related slurry treatments, where it helps separate water from fine mineral suspensions.
It supports solid-liquid separation in civil engineering processes.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves construction efficiency.
In chemical manufacturing, it may be used to condition raw water or intermediate streams before synthesis reactions.
It ensures stable reaction environments.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves process reliability.
In research and testing laboratories, E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used to compare different coagulants under controlled conditions.
It helps evaluate floc size, settling rate, and turbidity reduction.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves water treatment research.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is a controlled-activity coagulant used across water treatment, industrial clarification, paper recycling, ceramics, textiles, wastewater purification, and laboratory studies due to its ability to form adjustable flocs and improve solid-liquid separation efficiency in diverse systems.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is very soluble in water, and is extremely difficult to purify.
In the preparation of this salt, it is preferable to mix the component solutions in the cold, and to evaporate them at a temperature not exceeding 60 °C. 100 parts of water dissolve 110 parts of sodium alum at 0 °C, and 51 parts at 16 °C.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is also used in paper manufacturing, where it helps with sizing and improving paper strength.
It controls ink absorption and surface properties.
In textile processing, it is used to assist dye fixation on fabrics.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps improve color uniformity and durability.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves textile performance.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used in leather tanning, where it supports stabilization of collagen fibers.
It helps improve structure and durability of leather.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves product quality.
In wastewater treatment, E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps remove suspended solids, oils, and organic matter.
It supports sedimentation and clarification processes.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves environmental treatment.
In industrial processes, it is used to adjust pH and improve reaction conditions.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate supports stable chemical environments.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves manufacturing control.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is also used in sludge conditioning, where it helps bind fine particles into larger aggregates.
This makes dewatering easier.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves waste handling efficiency.
Uses Of E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate:
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is mainly used as a coagulant and flocculant in water treatment systems.
It helps remove suspended particles from water.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves purification efficiency.
In drinking water treatment, it clarifies water by removing turbidity and fine impurities.
It forms flocs that can be filtered or settled out.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves water safety.
In wastewater treatment, it removes solids, organic matter, and contaminants.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate supports water cleaning and recycling.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves environmental protection.
In paper production, it is used in sizing to control ink absorption and improve paper quality.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps regulate surface properties.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves printing performance.
In textile industry, it helps fix dyes to fibers for more stable coloration.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves dye uniformity and fastness.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves fabric quality.
In leather processing, it supports tanning and stabilization of hides.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps strengthen material structure.
In sludge treatment, it helps aggregate fine particles for easier separation and dewatering.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate also plays a role in controlled coagulation systems, where it is used when a slower or more regulated floc formation is needed compared to aluminium sulphate alone.
This helps improve process control in water treatment.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves clarification efficiency.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used in drinking water pre-treatment, especially in systems where water quality fluctuates.
It helps stabilize turbidity removal performance.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves consistent water purification.
In sludge thickening processes, it helps bind fine suspended particles into denser aggregates.
ThiE521 Aluminium sodium sulphates makes sludge easier to separate and dewater.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves waste handling efficiency.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is applied in stormwater and surface water treatment, where it helps remove sediments, organic particles, and suspended solids.
It supports rapid clarification of runoff water.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves environmental water management.
In paper production systems, it is used to improve fiber bonding and surface sizing.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps control how paper interacts with inks and coatings.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves printing and product quality.
It is used in industrial effluent recycling, where it helps recover usable water by removing contaminants.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves sedimentation and filtration stages.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves sustainability in industrial operations.
In textile dyeing processes, it helps fix dyes more effectively onto fibers.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate ensures more uniform coloration and reduces dye loss.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves fabric consistency.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is a general purpose food additive that functions as a buffer, neutralizing agent, and firming agent.
It is anhydrous and slowly soluble in water.
The dodecahydrate form is readily soluble in water.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is also termed soda alum.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is a leavening agent that releases the majority of the gas during baking, and is not used alone but in com- bination with a faster-acting leavening agent such as monocalcium phosphate. this results in a double-acting baking powder.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is almost nonreactive until heat is applied.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used in baked goods.
In the US, some brands combine sodium aluminum sulfate with sodium bicarbonate and monocalcium phosphate in formulations of double acting baking powder.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is also used as an acidity regulator in food, with E number E521.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is also a common mordant for the preparation of hematoxylin solutions for staining cell nuclei in histopathology.
It is also used as a flocculant in water treatment and disinfection, but its relatively crude, caustic action makes it more suitable for industrial applications.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is mainly used as a coagulant and flocculant in water treatment and industrial separation processes.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps suspended particles in liquids clump together so they can be removed more easily.
This improves purification efficiency.
In drinking water treatment, it is used to clarify water by removing turbidity, dirt, and fine suspended solids.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate forms flocs that settle or can be filtered out.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves water quality and safety.
In wastewater treatment, it removes organic matter, suspended particles, and contaminants.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate supports sedimentation and cleaning of industrial and municipal effluents.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves environmental protection.
In paper manufacturing, it is used for sizing and improving paper surface properties.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps control ink absorption and improves printability.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves paper quality.
In textile processing, E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate helps fix dyes onto fibers more effectively.
It improves color uniformity and fastness.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves fabric quality.
In leather tanning, it supports stabilization of hides during processing.
It helps strengthen the structure of leather.
This improves durability.
In sludge treatment systems, it helps bind fine particles into larger aggregates for easier removal.
It improves dewatering efficiency.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves waste handling.
In industrial process water treatment, it is used to clarify process liquids before reuse or further processing.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves water recycling systems.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves production efficiency.
In stormwater treatment, it helps remove sediments and suspended solids from runoff water.
It supports rapid clarification.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate improves environmental water control.
In laboratory applications, it is used to study coagulation and flocculation behavior in water chemistry experiments.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate serves as a standard reference coagulant.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is used across water purification, wastewater treatment, paper production, textiles, leather processing, sludge management, and industrial water systems, mainly due to its strong ability to coagulate and remove suspended particles from liquid systems.
Safety Profile Of E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate:
A weak sensitizer a general-purpose food addtive, local contact may cause contact dermatitis.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is considered a moderate hazard substance, mainly due to its acidic and irritant properties.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is not highly toxic but can cause irritation with exposure.
Proper handling is required in industrial use.
The most common hazard is eye and skin irritation.
Contact with powder or solutions may cause redness, burning, or discomfort.
Prolonged exposure may worsen irritation.
Inhalation of dust can cause respiratory irritation, including coughing and throat discomfort.
This is mainly an occupational risk.
Ventilation reduces exposure.
Ingestion of large amounts may cause gastrointestinal irritation, such as nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is due to its acidic nature.
Normal regulated use is considered safe.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate forms acidic solutions in water, which can contribute to corrosive effects in sensitive environments.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate may require controlled handling.
This increases safety precautions.
It is not classified as carcinogenic, but long-term exposure to aluminium compounds is still studied in scientific literature.
No confirmed severe chronic toxicity at regulated levels.
This supports controlled industrial use.
From an environmental perspective, excessive use may affect water pH and aluminium levels in ecosystems.
This can impact aquatic organisms at high concentrations.
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate is a moderate-hazard industrial coagulant, with main risks including irritation, dust exposure, acidity effects, and environmental impact at high levels, while being safe under regulated water treatment and industrial applications.
