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CAS NUMBER: 149-32-6
EC NUMBER: 205-737-3
MOLECULAR FORMULA: C4H10O4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 122 g/mole
DESCRIPTION OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
Erythritol crystal is an organic chemical compound, a food additive used as a sweetener.
Erythritol crystal's code number in the European Union is E968.
Erythritol crystal occurs naturally in some fruits, fermented foods, seaweed or red wine.
Erythritol crystal can also be obtained by fermentation of glucose.
Erythritol crystal is a white crystalline granule that is practically odorless and has a very sweet taste.
Erythritol crystal is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol.
For storing low humidity is recommended to minimize the risk of caking or degradation potentials.
Erythritol crystal can be widely used in baked products, all kinds of dairy products, chocolate, candy, chewing gum, soft drinks, ice cream and other foods, with nice appearance and flavours.
In the food industry, Erythritol crystal, as a substitute for sucrose, is widely used in baked goods, pastries, dairy products, chocolate, various candies, desserts, chewing gum, soda, ice cream, etc.
Erythritol crystal can be found as main component in many sugar substitute compositions.
Because Erythritol crystal is less sweet than sucrose, it is often mixed with more potent sweeteners, such as sucralose.
Erythritol crystal is a monosaccharide (simple sugar) obtained by cleavage (enzymatic breakdown) of more complex sugars such as astarch.
Erythritol crystal is used to make products softer.
Erythritol crystal is 70% as sweet as table sugar, yet it is virtually non-caloric, does not affect blood sugar, and does not cause tooth decay.
Erythritol crystal has a caloric value of 0.2 calories per gram.
However, the natural sweetener Erythritol crystal does not appear to carry the adverse effects associated with other low and non-caloric natural and artificial sweeteners and may actually have antioxidant potential.
Erythritol crystal, a new zero caloric sweetener, shows high potential for developing new sugar reduced or sugar free food formulations.
Since the crystallization behavior of Erythritol crystal was not investigated so far.
Erythritol crystal is widely used in baked goods, pastries, dairy products, chocolate, various candies, desserts, chewing gum, soda, ice cream, etc.
Erythritol crystal is widely found in nature and can be obtained by fermentation of glucose.
Erythritol crystal is a white crystalline powder with a refreshing sweet taste, not easy to absorb moisture, stable at high temperature, stable in a wide pH range, and has a mild cool feeling when dissolved in the mouth , suitable for a variety of foods.
Erythritol crystal (CH2OHC*HOHC*HOHCH2OH) is one of the polyalcohols, which has a close relationship with carbohydrates.
Hence a knowledge of its stereochemical configuration would be of great interest and importance to the chemistry of carbohydrates.
The molecule of this compound is built up of two and, in a sense, identical groups, each of which has an asymmetric carbon atom, C, as indicated in the above chemical formula.
Erythritol crystal has already been reported that in the crystal of this substance these two identical groups are related to each other by a center of symmetry1,2.
However, the detailed spatial configuration of this molecule still remains unexplored.
Erythritol crystal crystallizes in the tetragonal bipyramidal class.
Crystals were prepared by the slow evaporation of the solution in a mixture of ethyl alcohol and water.
Erythritol crystal is a tetrahydric sugar alcohol having a molecular formula C4H10O4 and a molecular weight of 122.
Erythritol crystal is about 0.8 times as sweet as sucrose and is attracting attention as a low-calory sweetener.
Erythritol crystal is the object of the present invention to provide crystalline Erythritol crystal free from chemical smell and having very tasteful sweetness.
Erythritol crystal is an organic compound, a four-carbon sugar alcohol (or polyol) with no optical activity, used as a food additive and sugar substitute.
Erythritol crystal is naturally occurring.
Erythritol crystal can be made from corn using enzymes and fermentation.
Its formula is C4H10O4, or HO(CH2)(CHOH)2(CH2)OH; specifically, one particular stereoisomer with that formula.
Erythritol crystal is 60–70% as sweet as sucrose (table sugar). However, Erythritol crystal is almost completely noncaloric and does not affect blood sugar or cause tooth decay.
Erythritol crystal occurs naturally in some fruit and fermented foods.
Erythritol crystal also occurs in human body fluids such as eye lens tissue, serum, plasma, fetal fluid, and urine.
At the industrial level, Erythritol crystal is produced from glucose by fermentation.
Erythritol crystal has had a history of safe use as a sweetener and flavor-enhancer in food and beverage products, and is approved for use by government regulatory agencies of more than 60 countries.
Beverage categories for its use are coffee and tea, liquid dietary supplements, juice blends, soft drinks, and flavored water product variations, with foods including confections, biscuits and cookies, tabletop sweeteners, and sugar-free chewing gum.
The mild sweetness of Erythritol crystal allows for a volume-for-volume replacement of sugar, whereas sweeter sugar substitutes need fillers that result in a noticeably different texture in baked products.
Erythritol crystal is absorbed rapidly into the blood, with peak amounts occurring in under two hours.
As a test of safety, scientists assessed doses for Erythritol crystal where symptoms of mild gastrointestinal upset occurred, such as nausea, excess flatus, abdominal bloating or pain, and stool frequency.
At a content of 1.6% in beverages it is not considered to have a laxative effect.
The upper limit of tolerance was 0.78 and 0.71 grams per kg body weight in adults and children, respectively.
Erythritol crystal is a natural sugar alcohol found in certain fruits and fermented foods.
Erythritol crystal is approved in many countries for use as an artificial sweetener, as it is around 70% as sweet as sucrose but is not metabolised by the body to release energy.
In addition, Erythritol crystal does not cause tooth decay and is absorbed from the intestine, so is less likely to cause gastric side effects than other artificial sweeteners.
Recently, Erythritol crystal has also been investigated for use as an inert carrier in pharmaceutical dosage forms such as tablets, capsules and dry powder inhalers, where its low hygroscopicity makes it particularly attractive.
Erythritol crystal is a natural sugar alcohol/polyol approved for use as a food additive across the world.
Erythritol crystal is almost 70% as sweet as sugar and used as a bulk sweetener.
Erythritol crystal discovered in 1848 and it occurs naturally in some fruit and fermented foods.
Erythritol crystal’s flavor profile is very similar to sugar.
Erythritol crystal is non-cariogenic and has the highest digestive tolerance of the polyols.
Since Erythritol crystal is natural, it does not cause any side effects and tastes almost exactly like sugar without the calories.
Erythritol crystal can be found naturally in various fruits and is perfectly suited as a sugar substitute given its structure and taste.
As a sweetener it is produced using corn, composing a level of sweetness of between 70 and 80 percent compared to regular sugar.
Erythritol crystal is frequently used within several diets, especially by those wishing to limit their sugar consumption.
Moreover the carbohydrates in Erythritol crystal cannot be taken up by the human body, thus being particularly suitable for diabetics and those following a ketogenic or any low-carbohydrate diet.
Furthermore Erythritol crystal can be used for cooking and baking, given its reliable quality up to 200°C.
Erythritol crystal is used as a substitute for ordinary, everyday-used sugar.
Erythritol crystal is characterized by a delicate, sweet taste.
After ingestion, it is quickly eliminated from the body and it can be used by diabetics.
Erythritol crystal helps to maintain tooth mineralization and does not contribute to the development of caries.
Erythritol crystal is easily soluble and helps maintain tooth mineralization when consuming foods/beverages that contain Erythritol crystal instead of sugar.
Erythritol crystal is a naturally great sweetener and is extremely popular.
Erythritol crystal is a common sweetener in low-calorie foods, sweets, and bakery products.
Erythritol crystal is a carbohydrate that is a sugar alcohol and is a sugar substitute.
Erythritol crystal is a naturally occurring substance in many fruits like peaches, grapes, pears, watermelons, etc.
Erythritol crystal is also present in certain mushrooms.
Erythritol crystal appears in the form of crystal granules or powdered form.
Erythritol crystal has a very similar taste to table sugar.
Erythritol crystal is possible to use Erythritol crystal in the same way as sugar.
Erythritol crystal’s acceptable to mix it into coffee or tea, sprinkle it on grapefruit, or use it in baking.
Erythritol crystal is a sugar substitute, not natural sugar.
Erythritol crystal is primarily used as a natural sugar replacement.
Since Erythritol crystal is a sugar alcohol, it has very similar physical properties to that of sugar.
Erythritol crystal has a sugar equivalency level of 60 – 70%.
Another big use of Erythritol crystal is as a sweetening agent to replace sugar in food and beverage applications.
Erythritol crystal is what’s called a low potency carrier and is often used in conjunction with high potency sweetener extracts like monk fruit or stevia extract.
On their own, high potency sweeteners can be upwards of 300 times sweeter than sugar.
Meaning that to reach the same sweetness level of sucrose, you have to use a very small quantity.
Using a small quantity of a high potency sweetener will cut out a lot of the bulk properties provided by sucrose in formulas.
To counteract this, food and beverage formulators commonly mix the usage of the high potency sweeteners with a low potency carrier.
Common industrial uses of Erythritol crystal include carbonated beverages, dairy products, confections like chocolate and gummies, and frozen dessert.
Erythritol crystal can provide a cooling effect which is why it’s not as popular for usage in baked goods.
FUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
Erythritol crystal glycol is very suitable for diabetics, because it is not easy to be degraded by enzymes, so it is not involved in glycemic metabolism and glucose changes.
Erythritol crystal can also be used as a substitute for low-calorie health food, which is very suitable for patients with obesity, hypertension and cardiovascular
Erythritol crystal, decay resistance function of sugar alcohol is very obvious, is the main reason of the caries occur due to corrosion of streptococcus mutans of oral teeth enamel, because of Erythritol crystal, sugar alcohol cannot be used by the pathogen, and thus made of candy and special cleaning teeth to protect children's oral health has a very positive role.
USES OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
-Low sweetness:
The sweetness of Erythritol crystal is only 60%-70% of that of sucrose.
The entrance has a cool taste, pure taste and no bitterness.
Erythritol crystal can be used in combination with high-intensity sweeteners to inhibit its high-intensity sweetness.
-High stability:
Erythritol crystal is very stable to acid and heat, and has high acid and alkali resistance.
Erythritol crystal will not decompose and change at a temperature below 200 °C, and will not change color due to Maillard reaction.
-High heat of dissolution:
Erythritol crystal has an endothermic effect when dissolved in water.
The heat of dissolution is only 97.4kJ/kg, which is higher than the endothermic degree of glucose and sorbitol, and has a refreshing feeling when eaten.
-Solubility:
The solubility of Erythritol crystal at 25°C is 37% (W/W).
As the temperature increases, the solubility of Erythritol crystal increases, and it is not easy to crystallize and separate out crystals.
-Low hygroscopicity:
Erythritol crystal is very easy to crystallize, but it will not absorb moisture in a 90% humidity environment, and it is easy to pulverize to obtain powdered products, which can be used on food surfaces to prevent food from absorbing moisture and deteriorating.
PROPERTIES OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
-Particle size: 18-60
-Active Ingredients m / m: 99.5-100.5
-Melting range ℃: 119-123℃
-Reducing sugar (as glucose) %: ≤0.3
-Loss on Drying %: ≤0.2
-Residue on ignition %: ≤0.1
-PH Value: 5.0-7.0
-Heavy metals ppm: ≤5.0
-Arsenic (As) ppm: ≤0.3
-Lead (Pb) ppm: ≤0.5
PROPERTIES OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
-Crystal system: tetragonal
-Crystal shape: flat rectangular prism with multiple facets on ends
-Color: transparent
-Stability on air: stable
PRODUCTION OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
Erythritol crystal is produced industrially beginning with enzymatic hydrolysis of the starch from corn to generate glucose.
Glucose is then fermented with yeast or another fungus to produce Erythritol crystal.
Other methods such as electrochemical synthesis are in development.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
Erythritol crystal has a strong cooling effect (endothermic, or positive heat of solution) when it dissolves in water, which is often compared with the cooling effect of mint flavors.
The cooling effect is present only when Erythritol crystal is not already dissolved in water, a situation that might be experienced in an Erythritol crystal-sweetened frosting, chocolate bar, chewing gum, or hard candy.
The cooling effect of Erythritol crystal is very similar to that of xylitol and among the strongest cooling effects of all sugar alcohols.
Erythritol crystal has a pKa of 13.903 at 18 °C.
SPECIFICATIONS OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
-Molecular Formula: C4H10O4
-Molecular Weight: 122.12
-Purity: ≥95%
-Storage: -20°C
CHARACTERISTICS OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
-Erythritol crystal has very Low Calories, 0,2 kcal/g, perfect ingredient for the formulation of reduced calorie food.
-Erythritol crystal is Tooth friendly.
-Erythritol crystal replaces sugar, glucose syrups and fat while improving flavour, texture and mouth-feel in a variety of applications.
-Erythritol crystal have a high digestive tolerance.
-Erythritol crystal have taste masking properties to help minimize off-notes caused by intense sweeteners, vitamins, minerals, soy and other supplements.
-Erythritol crystal has a very similar taste to table sugar as compared to other sugar alcohols.
-Erythritol crystal is not associated with stomach upset.
-Erythritol crystal has 0.2 calories per gram, so nearly zero calories.
-Erythritol crystal does not affect tooth enamel and tooth decay.
-Erythritol crystal has no effect on either blood sugar or insulin levels, so is a good choice for people need to monitor and reduce sugar.
APPLICATION AREAS OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
-Beverages and Beverage Mixes
-Carbonated beverages
-Non-carbonated beverages
-Hard and Soft Candy
-Jams and Jellies
-Chewable candy and tablet
-Dairy Products
-Confections and Frostings
-Nutritional & Dietary Products
-Table-top sweeteners
-Chewing gum
-Dry-mix products
-Frozen desserts
PREPARATION OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
Erythritol crystal gets produced when a species of yeast ferments glucose from corn or wheat starch.
The finished product resembles powdered white crystals.
Erythritol crystal is a sugar alcohol that is common as a low-calorie sweetener.
However, it only contains roughly 6% of the calories in the same amount of sugar.
Preparing Erythritol crystal is not something you can do at home due to the complexity of the whole process.
HOW IS OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL MADE:
Erythritol crystal is produced from glucose or sugar.
The first step is mixing glucose or sugar with yeast.
This yeast ferments glucose to form Erythritol crystal.
The fermented mixture is then heated and then dried by boiling off water.
The crystals are then formed.
These crystals are washed and purified to remove impurities, to make it safe for human consumption.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ERYTHRITOL CRYSTAL:
-Molecular Weight: 122.12
-XLogP3: -2.3
-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
-Rotatable Bond Count: 3
-Exact Mass: 122.05790880
-Monoisotopic Mass: 122.05790880
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 80.9 Ų
-Heavy Atom Count: 8
-Complexity: 48
-Isotope Atom Count: 0
-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
SYNONYM:
149-32-6
Phycitol
Erythrit
MesoErythritol crystal
Erythrite
Phycite
Erythrol
(2R,3S)-butane-1,2,3,4-tetro
L-Erythritol crystal
Antierythrit
1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol, (2R,3S)-rel-
erythro-tetritol
Butanetetrol
Erythroglucin
i-Erythritol crystal
Tetrahydroxybutane
Erythritol crystal
1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol
Paycite
(2S,3R)-butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol
CHEBI:17113
C*Eridex
NIK 242
meso-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroxybutane
Erythritol crystal, meso-
Erythritol crystal,meso-Erythritol crystal
10030-58-7
NSC8099
Erythritol crystal
RA96B954X6
Erythrol
NSC-8099
(2r,3s)-butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol
rel-(2R,3S)-butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol
1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol, (R*,S*)-
Lichen sugar
(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol
NSC 8099
MRY
SMR000112220
Cargill Zerose 16957
MFCD00004710
meso-Eythritol
UNII-RA96B954X6
CCRIS 7901
HSDB 796
1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol, (theta,S)-
EINECS 205-737-3
L-(-)-Threitol
D-Erythritol crystal
E968
Erythritol crystal
Erythritol crystal
Erythritol crystal
WLN: Q1YQYQ1Q
Erythritol crystal
1,3,4-Tetrahydroxybutane
Epitope ID:114707
F 8015
meso-Erythritol crystal, >=99%
Erythritol crystal
DSSTox_CID_23919
DSSTox_RID_80090
Erythritol crystal
DSSTox_GSID_43919
SCHEMBL17062
MLS001332365
MLS001332366
ZEROSE TM 16957
CHEMBL349605
INS NO.968
DTXSID6043919
Erythritol crystal [EP IMPURITY]
FEMA NO. 4819
Erythritol crystal [EP MONOGRAPH]
INS-968
HMS2270M08
Pharmakon1600-01301025
meso-Erythritol crystal, analytical standard
Tox21_200564
NSC760400
s4224
ZINC17971067
1,3,4-Butanetetrol, (R*,S*)-
AKOS006339851
AM83963
CCG-266079
DB04481
DS-5851
NSC-760400
NCGC00247033-01
NCGC00258118-01
CAS-149-32-6
E-968
E0021
SW219107-1
C0050
D08915
E70403
WURCS=2.0/1,1,0/[h22h]/1/
BUTANE-1,2,3,4-TETROL, (2R,3S)-
EN300-1273040
149E326
BUTANE 1,2,3,4-TETROL (MESO-Erythritol crystal)
Q421873
F0001-2636
