ETHYL LACTATE

ETHYL LACTATE

CAS NO.:  687-47-8
EC/LIST NO:  211-694-1

Ethyl lactate, also known as lactic acid ethyl ester, is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CO2CH2CH3. 
Ethyl lactate is the ethyl ester of lactic acid.
A colorless liquid, Ethyl lactate is a chiral ester. 
Being naturally derived, Ethyl lactate is readily available as a single enantiomer. 
Ethyl lactate is commonly used as a solvent.
This compound is considered biodegradable and can be used as a water-rinsible degreaser. 
Ethyl lactate is found naturally in small quantities in a wide variety of foods including wine, chicken, and various fruits. 
The odor of ethyl lactate when dilute is mild, buttery, creamy, with hints of fruit and coconut.

Ethyl lactate is produced from biological sources, and can be either the levo (S) form or dextro (R) form, depending on the organism that is the source of the lactic acid. 
Most biologically sourced ethyl lactate is ethyl (−)-L-lactate (ethyl (S)-lactate). 
Ethyl lactate is also produced industrially from petrochemical stocks, and this ethyl lactate consists of the racemic mixture of levo and dextro forms.
Because both enantiomers are found in nature, and because ethyl lactate is easily biodegradable, Ethyl lactate is considered to be a "green solvent." 
Ethyl lactate and its aqueous solutions are used as sustainable media for organic synthesis.
Due to Ethyl lactates relatively low toxicity, ethyl lactate is used commonly in pharmaceutical preparations, food additives, and fragrances. 
Ethyl lactate is also used as solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, and cellulose ethers

Ethyl lactate or lactic acid ethyl ester is a common solvent in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, detergent, coatings, food and fragrance production. 
The compound is considered biodegradable in its natural form and Ethyl lactate is exempt from many restrictions imposed in accordance with the disposal of chemicals. 
For this reason Ethyl lactate is a highly desirable product in a “green”, environmentally conscious industry. 
Due to Ethyl lactates low toxicity, ethyl lactate is a popular choice across many different production scenarios. 
Ethyl lactate is also used as a solvent with various types of polymers
Ethyl lactate is an environmentally benign solvent with effectiveness comparable to petroleum-based solvents. 
The worldwide solvent market is about 30 million pounds per year, where ethyl lactate can have an important share. 
Ethyl lactate is considered a chemical commodity and has attracted much attention in recent years, since it is formed by the esterification reaction of ethanol and lactic acid, which can be generated from biomass raw materials through fermentation. 
In this work, an overview regarding the main properties and applications of ethyl lactate, as well as its synthesis and production processes, with a particular emphasis on reactive/separation processes, is presented.

Ethyl lactate, also known as ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate, is the ethyl ester obtained of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid. 
Ethyl lactate is a secondary alcohol, a lactate ester and an ethyl ester. 
Ethyl lactate derives from a 2-hydroxypropanoic acid. 
Ethyl lactate is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CO2CH2CH3. 
Ethyl lactate is found naturally in small quantities in a wide variety of foods including wine, chicken, and various fruits.
The odor of ethyl lactate when dilute is mild, buttery, creamy, with hints of fruit and coconut. 
Ethyl lactate is also found in cabbage, peas, vinegar, bread, roasted chicken, butter, blackberry, pineapple, raspberry and various wines and spirits. 
Ethyl lactate is considered biodegradable and can be used as a water-rinsable degreaser. 
he odor of ethyl lactate when dilute is mild, buttery, creamy, with hints of fruit and coconut. 

Ethyl Lactate, also known as lactic acid ethyl ester, is a monobasic ester formed from lactic acid and ethanol, commonly used as a solvent. 
Ethyl lactate is considered biodegradable and can be used as a water-risible degreaser. 
Ethyl lactate is found naturally in small quantities in a wide variety of foods including wine, chicken, and various fruits. 
The odor of ethyl lactate when dilute is mild, buttery, creamy, with hints of fruit and coconut.

Ethyl lactate (C5H10O3) is an ester of lactic acid that can be considered as a green chemical due to its nontoxic, biodegradable and excellent solvent properties. 
Ethyl lactate was used in many industries with general application as solvent for production of nitrocellulose, food additive, perfumery, flavor chemicals as well as drug industries .

Conventional production of ethyl lactate is from esterification of lactic acid with ethanol as shown in Eq.. 
The reaction proceeds well in an acid environment so either homogeneous or heterogeneous acid catalysts are normally used to accelerate the reaction. 
This approach is, however, expensive due to the costly lactic acid separation and purification processes, which has been estimated to be about a half of the total cost for production of highly purified lactic acid

Ethyl L-lactate is used in the preparation of food additives, aryl aldimines, fragrances and in pharmaceutical preparations. 
Ethyl lactate can be considered as a green solvent in chemical industries due to its biodegradable nature. 
As a solvent, Ethyl lactate used in the production of nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate and cellulose ethers.

Solvents are required for most of the chemical transformations to increase the contact between the reagents and catalysts. 
Solvent also ensures a suitable isolation process of products from the reaction mixture. 
Ethyl lactate is a bio-based, environmentally benign and economically viable solvent with effectiveness comparable to petroleum-based solvents. 
This review focuses on the background of this bio-based solvent and the recent application for green chemistry development in this unconven-tional media. 
Application of ethyl lactate in organic synthesis: 
Recently synthetic organic chemists are paying attention to use ethyl lactate as reaction medium as Ethyl lactate has some useful advantages. 
Ethyl lactate has been used for asymmetric induction, multi-component reactions, ligand free coupling reactions, light induced synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, cycloaddtion reaction etc. 
The advantages and limitations of this solvent are also demonstrated. 
In this article, we demonstrated some representative examples of organic reactions in ethyl lactate media. 
Conclusion: 
Being a promising green media this bio-based solvent ethyl lactate has an important contribution in synthesis and medicinal chemistry as well.

Ethyl lactate is colorless and clear and has a peculiar odor. 
Ethyl lactate is mixed with water and many solvents. 
Ethyl lactate is biodegradable and it also became popular as an organic solvent that has almost zero impact on working environments or on the environment due to leakage.

Ethyl lactate has a high boiling point and low volatility and is often used in inks and polymer solvents. 
Also, Ethyl lactate has been recently used as resistance diluents for semiconductor manufacturing processes.

Chemical Name : 2-ethyl hydroxy-propane
CAS Registry No. : 97-64-3
Mol. Wt. : 118.13
Description : Clear and colorless liquid
Odor : Characteristic odor
Specific gravity : 1.034 (20℃)
Refractive index : 1.4118 (20℃)
Melting Point : -25℃
Boiling Point : 155℃ (760mmHg)
Flash Point : 59.0℃ (Pensky-Martens Closed-cup Test)

Ignition point : 400℃
Explosibility : Lower limit 1.5 vol% Upper limit 11.4 vol%
Vapor pressure : 2.7mmHg (20℃)
Vapor density : 4.1
Evaporation rate (20℃) : 22 (N-butyl acetic acid=100)
Surface tension    : 30dyn/cm (20℃)
Thermal conductivity :    0.127kcal/m deg hr
Thermal expansion coefficient :    0.00098
Viscosity  :2.71cp (20℃)
Dielectric constant : 13.1 (20℃)
Dilution ratio     : Toluene 5.5, Oil 0.7
Solubility : Soluble in water and alcohol
BOD: 1.02g/g
COD（Mn）: 0.42g/g

Ethyl Lactate found industrial applications in specialty coatings, inks, cleaners and straight use cleaning because of their high performance and versatility. 
Due to Ethyl lactates low toxicity, ethyl lactate is a popular choice across many different production scenarios. 
Ethyl lactate is also used as a solvent with various types of polymers.
Ethyl lactate is an environmentally benign solvent, whose effectiveness can be compared to other petroleum-based chemicals. 
The purpose of this project is to determine the economic possibilities of ethyl lactate production using agricultural products as raw materials. 
A production plant is designed and a planning model is used to determine the plant sizes, locations, and target markets

Ethyl lactate, also known as lactic acid ethyl ester, is noted for its specific solvency properties and its characteristic odor. 
Ethyl lactate is used in pharmaceutical preparations, food additives, fragrances, and as a solvent for cellulose acetate, cellulose ethers, and nitrocellulose. 
Ethyl lactate can also be used in the formation of aryl aldimines.
Ethyl lactate is a green solvent derived from processing corn.
Ethyl lactate is the ester of lactic acid. 
Lactate esters solvents are commonly used solvents in the paints and coatings industry and have numerous attractive advantages including being 100% biodegradable, easy to recycle, noncorrosive, noncarcinogenic, and nonozone depleting.
Ethyl lactate is a particularly attractive solvent for the coatings industry as a result of its high solvency power, high boiling point, low vapor pressure, and low surface tension. 
Other applications of ethyl lactate include being an excellent cleaner for the polyurethane industry. 

Ethyl lactate has a high solvency power, which means Ethyl lactate has the ability to dissolve a wide range of polyurethane resins. 
The excellent cleaning power of ethyl lactate also means it can be used to clean a variety of metal surfaces, effi ciently removing greases, oils, adhesives, and solid fuels. 
The use of ethyl lactate is highly variable as Ethyl lactate has eliminated the use of chlorinated solvents.
Ethyl lactate or lactic acid ethyl ester is a common solvent in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, detergent, coatings, food and fragrance production. 
Ethyl lactate appears as colorless to light yellow transparent liquid with rum, fruit and cream aroma. 
The freezing point:-25 ° C; the boiling point: 154 ° C, specific rotation [a] 14d:-10 °.
Ethyl lactate is easily soluble in ethanol, acetone, ether, esters and other organic solvents; there is some degree of hydrolysis upon being miscible with water

Ethyl lactate is considered biodegradable in its natural form and Ethyl lactate is exempt from many restrictions imposed in accordance with the disposal of chemicals. 
For this reason Ethyl lactate is a highly desirable product in a “green”, environmentally conscious industry.
Due to Ethyl lactates low toxicity, ethyl lactate is a popular choice across many different production scenarios. 
Ethyl lactate is also used as a solvent with various types of polymers. 
In the presence of water, acids and bases the chemical will hydrolyse into ethanol and lactic acid.

Ethyl lactate is the food spices allowed in our country, commonly used in modulation of fruit flavor, lactic acid-type food and wine flavor. 
The dosage is 1000mg/kg in alcoholic beverage, 580-3100mg/kg in chewing gum, 71mg/kg in baked food, 28mg/kg in candy and 17mg/kg in cold drink according to normal production requirement.
GB 2760-96 provides it as allowable food flavors, being the carrier solvent. 
As a spice, it is mainly used for preparation of rum, milk, butter, grapes, fruit wine, coconut and other type of flavor.
Ethyl lactate is used as the solvent for nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate, also used in perfumery industry

Ethyl lactate is an environmentally bio-based solvent with a wide range of industrial applications. 
In this work, ethyl lactate was produced by synthesis using reactive distillation process. 
Through factorial experimental design, the influence of operating conditions as molar ratio ethanol: 
lactic acid, reboiler temperature and catalyst concentration on ethyl lactate were evaluated. 
A mathematical model was developed in order to describe the response of interest as function of operating conditions. 
The experimental results showed that the reactive distillation seems to be an alternative and simple energy-saving process with lower investment and operation costs to obtain ethyl lactate which normally requires a stage to the reaction and a stage to the reaction products separation. 
Each additional step in the downstream represents an increase in the operating and equipment investment costs.

Ethyl lactate was synthesized by lipase catalyzed between lactic acid and ethanol in organic medium for the first time. 
The experiments showed that the optimal solvent is Tert-buty alcohol and the optimal lipase is Novozym 435. 
The optimal reaction with a conversion of 77% can be reached when the molar ratio (acid: alcohol) is 1:8, the temperature is 60degC, the acid concentration is 0.3 mol/L, the lipase concentration is 45 g/mol, reaction time is 24 hours and the revolutions is 200 rpm. 
Novozym 435 can be used continuously for six times and a conversion of 60% can be reached.

IUPAC NAME :

(2S)-2-ethoxypropanoic acid

(−)-Ethyl (S)-2-hydroxypropionate, (S)-(−)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester, L-Lactic acid ethyl ester, L(-)-Lactic acid ethyl ester, Ethyl(-)-L-lactate

ethyl (2S)-2-hydroxypropanoate

Ethyl (S) lactate

Ethyl (S)-2-hydroxypropionate

ethyl (S)-2-hydroxypropionate

ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate

Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate

Ethyl L-(-)-Lactate

SYNONYMS:

(−)-Ethyl L-lactate
(-)-Ethyl (S)-2-hydroxypropionate
(−)-Ethyl (S)-2-hydroxypropionate
(-)-Ethyl L-lactate
(2S)-2-Hydroxypropanoate d'éthyle 
(2S)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid ethyl ester
(S)-(-)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester
(S)-(−)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester
(S)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid ethyl ester
(S)-2-Hydroxy-propionic acid ethyl ester