PRODUCTS

INDIGO CARMINE

Indigo Carmine is widely used in the food industry as a colorant (E132), providing a stable blue color in beverages, candies, desserts, and processed foods.
In the pharmaceutical sector, Indigo Carmine is used to color tablets, capsules, and liquid formulations.
Indigo Carmine also has significant applications in medical diagnostics, particularly in procedures involving visualization of the urinary tract, where it is injected to help identify flow patterns and detect abnormalities.

CAS number: 860-22-0
EC number: 212-728-8
MDL Number: MFCD00005723
E number: E132 (colours)
Molecular Formula: C16H8N2Na2O8S2
Molecular Weight: 466.36 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Disodium [2(2′)E]-3,3′-dioxo-1,1′,3,3′-tetrahydro[2,2′-biindolylidene]-5,5′-disulfonate, indigotine, 5,5′-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt, Brilliant Indigo, 4 G, C.I. Acid Blue 74, C.I. 73015, CI Food Blue 1, FD&C Blue 2, Sicovit Indigotin 85, E132, indigotindisulfonate sodium, Caustic Blue, Indigo carmine, 860-22-0, Acid Blue 74, Indigotindisulfonate sodium, Indigotine, indigocarmine, C.I. ACID BLUE 74, Sodium 3,3'-dioxo-[2,2'-biindolinylidene]-5,5'-disulfonate, Indigocarmin, C.I. Food Blue 1, FD&C Blue No. 2, Food Blue No. 2, FD & C blue no. 2, FD and C Blue No. 2, Sachsischblau, Murabba, Amacid Brilliant Blue, Indigotine Lake, Indocarmine F, Soluble Indigo, Disodium 5,5'-disulfoindigo, Indigotine B, Indigotine I, Indigotine N, Intense Blue, Indigotin I, Indigotine IA, C.I. 73015, C.I. 75781, Cilefa Blue R, Indigo Carmine A, Indigo Carmine X, C.I. Natural Blue 2, Grape Blue A, Airedale Blue IN, Acid Blue W, Sodium indigo-5,5'-bisulfonate, Sodium indigotindisulfonate, HD Indigo Carmine, Indigo Carmine AC, Indigo Carmine BP, Indigo carmine-, Indigotine Blue LZ, Atul Indigo Carmine, CI 73015, Bucacid indigotine B, C.I.FOOD BLUE 1, Grape Blue A Geigy, Maple Indigo Carmine, Edicol Supra Blue X, Indigo Carmine Powder, Mitsui Indigo Carmine, Holunder p-ac-5, Aniline Carmine powder, Acid Leather Blue IC, Dolkwal Indigo Carmine, Indigotine 85%, San-ei Indigo Carmine, Usacert Blue No. 2, Hexacert Blue No. 2, Canacert Indigo Carmine, Indigotine disodium salt, BLUDIGO, Indigotine Conc. Powder, Indigotine Extra Pure A, Disodium indigo-5,5-disulfonate, HD Indigo Carmine Supra, Sodium 5,5'-indigotindisulfonate, A.F. Blue No. 2, Indigo Carmine Conc. FQ, Gardenia grun p-ac-8, 1311 Blue, C.I. Food Blue 1, disodium salt, Disodium 5,5'-indigotin disulfonate, E 132, L Blue Z 5010, 12070 Blue, Bleu covalac w 6504, Indigotin-5,5'-disulfonic acid disodium salt, Hexacol Indigo Carmine Supra, Indigo Carmine Disodium Salt, 1H-Indole-5-sulfonic acid, 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-, disodium salt, Indigotindisulphonate sodium, Carmine Blue (biological stain), C16H8N2Na2O8S2, Indigo Carmine (Biological Stain), Indigo-5,5'-disulfonic acid disodium salt, INS NO.132, DTXSID1020190, Disodium 3,3'-dioxo-(delta2,2'-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonate, Indigo disulfonate (Biological Stain), Indigotindisulfonate sodium [USP], INS-132, D3741U8K7L, MFCD00005723, CI-(1975)NO.73015, Disodium salt of 1-indigotin-S,S'-disulfonic acid, E-132, Soluble Indigo Blue, Indigocarmine [JAN], 2-(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indole-5-sulfonic acid, disodium salt, Indigotindisulfonate sodium (USP), DTXCID801022742, L-Blau 2 [German], Indigo-karmin [German], Indigo-karmin, Modr Kysela 74 [Czech], 1H-Indole-5-sulfonic acid, 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-, sodium salt (1:2), CAS-860-22-0, Modr Kysela 74, Modr Potravinarska 1 [Czech], CCRIS 1865, Modr Potravinarska 1, Schultz Nr. 1309 [German], Food Blue 1:1, L-Blau 2, Schultz Nr. 1309, NCGC00187606-01, NSC 8646, Dinatrium indigolin-5,5'-disulfonat, EINECS 212-728-8, FD &C Blue No. 2, UNII-L06K8R7DQK, 5,5'-Indigodisulfonic Acid Disodium Salt (Technical Grade), carmin indigo, indaco carminio, indigo carmim, UNII-D3741U8K7L, AI3-09087, Airdale blue IN, HSDB 7875, Natural blue 2, Indigotine Conc. Powder; Indigotine Extra Pure A, Disodium salt of 1-indigotin-S,S'-disulphonic acid, AF blue no. 2, 5,5'-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt, Indigotine (E132), Indigocarmine (JP18), Dinatrium 3,3'-dioxo-(delta2,2'-biindolin)-5,5'-disulfonat, Disodium 3,3'-dioxo-(delta(sup 2,2')-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonate, (delta2,2'-Biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid, 3,3'-dioxo-, disodium salt, Sodium indigotin disulfonate, INDIGO CARMINE [MI], L06K8R7DQK, SCHEMBL40486, Disodium 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indole-5-sulfonate, Disodium 5,5'-(2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indazol-2-ylidene)-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one)disulphonate, SCHEMBL118376, INDIGO CARMINE [VANDF], orb1306895, orb1986329, orb3025451, INDIGO CARMINE [MART.], 5,5'-Indigotin disulfonic acid, CHEMBL2105023, INDIGO CARMINE [WHO-DD], SCHEMBL29352151, SCHEMBL29354321, CHEBI:31695, MSK2423, KHLVKKOJDHCJMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L, HMS5085I07, Indigo carmine, p.a., 80.0%, Indigo carmine, analytical standard, Tox21_113456, Tox21_302732, AKOS015902370, AKOS016011136, disodium;2-(3-hydroxy-5-sulfonato-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5-sulfonate, CCG-269417, EBC-139024, (delta(sup 2,2')-Biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid, 3,3'-dioxo-, disodium salt, disodium (2E)-3,3'-dioxo-1,1',3,3'-tetrahydro-2,2'-biindole-5,5'-disulfonate, INDIGOTINDISULFONATE SODIUM [II], NCGC00256411-01, INDIGOTINDISULFONATE SODIUM [HSDB], DB-056895, INDIGOTINDISULFONATE SODIUM [USP-RS], F0148, I0214, NS00080116, ST51007287, Indigo carmine, SAJ first grade, >=90.0%, D01563, H11268, Indigo carmine, JIS special grade, >=97.5%, Indigotine 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile/Water, Indigotine 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile:Water, INDIGOTINDISULFONATE SODIUM [USP MONOGRAPH], Q410120, fd&c blue no. 2 aluminum lake (c.i. 73015 (Al)), Indigo carmine, certified by Biological Stain Commission, 3,3'-Dioxo-(delta2,2'-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid disodium salt, disodium 2-(3-hydroxy-5-sulfonato-1h-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5-sulfonate, disodium;3-oxo-2-(3-oxo-5-sulfonato-indolin-2-ylidene)indoline-5-sulfonate, Indigo carmine, for microscopy (Bact., Hist.), indicator (pH 11.5-14.0), DISODIUM 3,3'-DIOXO-(.DELTA.(SUP 2,2')-BIINDOLINE)-5,5'-DISULFONATE, DISODIUM 3,3'-DIOXO-(.DELTA.(SUP 2,2')-BIINDOLINE)-5,5'-DISULPHONATE, disodium;(2E)-3-oxo-2-(3-oxo-5-sulfonato-indolin-2-ylidene)indoline-5-sulfonate, Indigo carmine, certified by the Biological Stain Commission, Dye content 85 %, Indigotindisulfonate sodium, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2h-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1h-indole-5-sulfonic acid disodium salt, 3-oxo-2-(3-oxo-5-sulfo(1H-benzo[d]azolin-2-ylidene))-1H-benzo[d]azoline-5-sulf onic acid, sodium salt, sodium salt, disodium (2E)-3-oxo-2-(3-oxo-5-sulfonato-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-sulfonate, Disodium 3-oxo-2-(3-oxo-5-sulfonato-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-sulfonate, DISODIUM SALT OF 2-(1,3-DIHYDRO-3-OXO-5-SULFO-2H-INDOL-2-YLIDENE)-2,3-DIHYDRO-3-OXO-1H-INDOLE-5-SULFONIC ACID, Indigo carmine;Acid Blue74;Indigo-5,5'-disulfonicaciddisodiumsalt;Disodium5,5'-(2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indazol-2-ylidene)-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one)disulphonate, Indigotine; 5,5′-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt; C.I. Acid Blue 74; C.I. Food Blue 1; Indigotindisulfonate sodium; Amacid Brilliant Blue; índigo carmim; Indaco carminio; Carmin indigo, indigo carmine, acid blue 74, Acid Blue 74, Indigo-5,5′-disulfonic acid disodium salt, Indigocarmine, Indigo Carmine, 1H-Indole-5-sulfonic acid, 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-, disodium salt, Bleu covalac w 6504, Bludigo, C.i.food blue 1, CI-(1975)NO.73015, Carmine, Indigo, Disodium 3,3'-dioxo-(delta(sup 2,2')-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonate, E-132, Gardenia grun p-ac-8, Holunder p-ac-5, INS NO.132, INS-132, Indigo Blue, Soluble, Indigo carmine-, Indigocarmine, Indigotindisulfonate Sodium, Indigotindisulfonate sodium (USP), Indigotindisulphonate Sodium, Indigotine 85%, RefChem:923391, 212-728-8, 860-22-0, Acid Blue 74, C.i. 73015, C.i. 75781, Ci 73015, D3741U8K7L, Soluble Indigo Blue, C.I. Food Blue 1, C.I. Food Blue 1, disodium salt, C.I. Natural Blue 2, Disodium 3,3'-dioxo-(delta2,2'-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonate, Disodium 5,5'-indigotin disulfonate, Disodium indigo-5,5-disulfonate, E 132, Sodium 5,5'-indigotindisulfonate, Sodium indigotindisulfonate, (delta-2,2'-biindole)-3,3'-dione, (delta2,2'-Biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid, 3,3'-dioxo-, disodium salt, 12070 Blue, 1311 Blue, 2-(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indole-5-sulfonic acid disodium salt, 5,5'-Indigotin disulfonic acid, A.F. Blue No. 2, AF blue No. 2, Acid Blue W, Acid leather blue IC, Airdale blue IN, Airedale Blue IN, Amacid Brilliant Blue, Aniline carmine powder, Atul Indigo Carmine, Bucacid indigotine B, CHEBI:31695, Canacert Indigo Carmine, Carmine Blue (biological stain), Cilefa Blue R, Disodium 5,5'-disulfoindigo, Disodium salt of 1-indigotin-S,S'-disulphonic acid, Dolkwal Indigo Carmine, Edicol Supra Blue X, Food Blue 1, Food Blue No. 1, Food Blue No. 2, Grape Blue A, Grape Blue A Geigy, HD Indigo Carmine, HD Indigo Carmine Supra, Hexacert Blue No. 2, Hexacol Indigo Carmine Supra, Indigo Carmine (biological stain), Indigo Carmine A, Indigo Carmine AC, Indigo Carmine BP, Indigo Carmine Conc. FQ, Indigo Carmine X, Indigo Carmine powder, Indigo Disulfonate, Indigo carmine disodium salt, Indigo disulfonate (biological stain), Indigo extract, Indigo-Karmin, Indigocarmin, Indigotin I, Indigotin-5,5'-disulfonic acid disodium salt, Indigotine B, Indigotine Blue LZ, Indigotine Conc. Powder, Indigotine Extra Pure A, Indigotine I, Indigotine IA, Indigotine Lake, Indigotine N, Indigotine disodium salt, Indocarmine F, Intense Blue, L Blue Z 5010, L-Blau 2, Maple Indigo Carmine, Mitsui Indigo Carmine, Modr Kysela 74, Modr Pigment 63, Modr Potravinarska 1, Murabba, San-ei Indigo Carmine, Schultz Nr. 1309, Sodium indigo-5,5'-bisulfonate, Sodium indigotin disulfonate, Soluble indigo, Sumitomo Wool Blue SBC, Usacert Blue No. 2, Indigo carmine, Indigotine, Indigo-5,5′-disulfonic acid sodium salt, Acid Blue 74, FD&C Blue No. 2, E132, CI Food Blue 1, CI 73015, Disodium indigodisulfonate, Food Blue 2, Blue dye No. 2, Indigotin disodium salt, acid blue 74, acid blue 74 (c.i. 73015 (Na)), (d(sup 2,2')- biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid, 3,3'-dioxo-, disodium salt, (d2,2'- biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonic acid, 3,3'-dioxo-, disodium salt, c.i. 73015 (Na), c.i. 75781, C.I. food blue 1, disodium salt, C.I. natural blue 2, ci 73015 (Na), ci 75781, 2-(1,3- dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indole-5-sulfonic acid, disodium salt, disodium 3,3'-dioxo-(d(sup 2,2')-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonate, disodium 3,3'-dioxo-(d2,2'-biindoline)-5,5'-disulfonate, disodium 5,5'-(2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indazol-2-ylidene)-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one) disulfonate (c.i. 73015), disodium 5,5'-(2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indazol-2-ylidene)-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one)disulphonate, disodium 5,5'-indigotin disulfonate, disodium indigo-5,5-disulfonate, disodium salt of 1-indigotin-s,s'-disulfonic acid, disodium salt of 1-indigotin-S,S'-disulphonic acid, fd&c blue no. 2 (c.i. 73015 (Na)), food blue 1, food blue 1 disodium salt, food blue no. 1, indigo carmine (c.i. 73015 (Na)), 5,5- indigo disulfonic acid disodium salt (c.i. 73015 (Na)), indigotin-5,5'-disulfonic acid disodium salt, indigotine, 1H- indole-5-sulfonic acid, 2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-, disodium salt, natural blue 2, sodium 5,5'-indigotindisulfonate, sodium indigo-5,5'-bisulfonate, usacert blue no. 2

Indigo Carmine is structurally derived from indigo but modified to improve solubility and functionality.
Indigo Carmine is one of the most commonly approved synthetic blue dyes worldwide.
Indigo carmine, or 5,5′-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt, is an organic salt derived from indigo by aromatic sulfonation, which renders the compound soluble in water.

Indigo Carmine also acts as a pH indicator.
Indigo Carmine is approved for human consumption in the United States and European Union.
Indigo Carmine has the E number E132, and is named Blue No. 2 by the US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Indigo carmine is an organic sodium salt resulting from the formal condensation of indigo carmine (acid form) with two equivalents of sodium hydroxide.
Indigo Carmine is an indicator at pH 11.5-14, changing from blue to yellow.
Indigo Carmine has a role as a two-colour indicator, a histological dye and a food colouring.

Indigo Carmine contains an indigo carmine(2-).
Indigo Carmine or Indigotindisulfonate Sodium is an organic compound derived from Indigo using aromatic sulfonation.
The sulfonation renders Indigo Carmine’s solubility in water.

Indigo Carmine is also called Indigotindisulfonate sodium, 5,5’- indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt, E132, Sicovit Indigotin 85, Food Blue 1, FD&C Blue 2, ci 73015, 4 G, C.I. Acid Blue 74, Brilliant Indigo, and Indigotine.
Indigo Carmine (indigotindisulfonate sodium) Injection is a diagnostic agent that tests for renal function used to find ureteral orifices during cystoscopy and ureteral catheterization.
Indigo Carmine (Blue 2 Dye) is a dark blue dye used to enhance the color of some foods, beverages, cosmetics, clothing, supplements, and medications.

While Indigo Carmine may improve the appearance of these and other consumer products and is often cheaper than natural alternatives.
Indigo Carmine is being tested in ice cream, iced drinks, candies, jellies, cleaning products, cosmetics, colored stones, and playdough.
The effect Indigo Carmine's color creates in the production process is indeed shaping up to a level that yields results.

Indigo carmine is an organic salt derived from indigo by sulfonation, which renders the compound soluble in water.
Indigo Carmine is approved for use as a food colorant.
Indigo Carmine is also a pH indicator.

Indigo Carmine (IC), commonly known as acid blue 74 or food blue 1 or FD and C blue 2 is a blue synthetic dye.
Indigo Carmine is used as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry and as a microscopic stain in biology.
Indigo Carmine is also employed as a photometric detector.

Indigo carmine is a tissue stain, pH indicator, and tool for the determination of hypochlorite.
Indigo carmine is a dye consisting of an indigo dimer with sodium salts of sulfonic acids at positions 5 and 5′.
Indigo Carmine has been used as a tissue stain, a pH indicator, and as a tool for the determination of hypochlorite in solutions.

Sufficient Indigo Carmine is contained in each 5 mL ampule to permit accurate withdrawal and administration of the full dose.
Indigo Carmine gives a deep blue solution when dissolved in water.
Indigo carmine is a synthetic blue dye belonging to the indigoid class of compounds.

Indigo Carmine is the disodium salt of indigo-5,5′-disulfonic acid and is widely used as a colorant in food, pharmaceuticals, and medical diagnostics.
Due to the presence of sulfonate groups, Indigo Carmine is highly water-soluble compared to natural indigo.
Indigo Carmine is commonly identified as a certified color additive (E132) and is valued for its intense blue coloration and chemical stability in aqueous systems.

Indigo carmine is a synthetic food coloring with the chemical formula C16H8N2Na2O8S2.
Indigo Carmine is obtained from the indigo fruit.
This water-soluble dye, Indigo Carmine, belongs to the indigo family and is chemically described as disodium 3,3'-dioxo-2,2'-bi-indolylidene-5,5'-disulfonate.

Indigo Carmine can be mixed with other colors to produce various shades, particularly greens and purples.
Indigo Carmine is a disodium salt, synthetic blue dye also called Acid Blue 74, CI 73015, Indigo carmine and others.
Indigo Carmine is produced by the condensation of 2-formylbenzenesulphonic acid and aniline with a subsequent oxidation process.

Mixed with tartrazine (E102), Indigo Carmine can produce various shades of green.
Indigo Carmine is a warm-toned blue colour (132) distinguished by its deeper royal blue tone.
The food additive Indigo Carmine is known as indigocarmine or indigotine.

By origin, additive Indigo Carmine is a synthetic substance.
Although historically Indigo Carmine was obtained from plants of the genus Indigofera, modern indigocarmine for food use is produced industrially, which ensures consistent quality and purity.
Indigo Carmine is a dark blue powder or granules that dissolve well in water.

Indigo Carmine's history is linked to ancient natural dyes used for textiles.
However, with the development of chemistry in the 19th–20th centuries, Indigo Carmine became possible to create a purified blue dye suitable not only for textiles but also for food products.
The chemical formula of Indigo Carmine is C16H8N2Na2O8S2.

In terms of its properties, Indigo Carmine is a stable compound that retains its colour during heating and in acidic environments.
At the same time, Indigo Carmine is sensitive to light, which is taken into account when storing products.

Derived from coal tar, Indigo Carmine belongs to the indigoid family of colorants.
Indigo Carmine's molecular formula is C16H8N2Na2O8S2, and it exhibits high solubility in water.

USES and APPLICATIONS of INDIGO CARMINE:
Its reversible redox behavior makes Indigo Carmine particularly valuable in analytical chemistry, while its strong visual properties support its continued use in food and medical industries.
Research continues into Indigo Carmine's environmental behavior and potential alternatives due to increasing interest in natural colorants.
Indigo Carmine is widely used in the food industry as a colorant (E132), providing a stable blue color in beverages, candies, desserts, and processed foods.

In the pharmaceutical sector, Indigo Carmine is used to color tablets, capsules, and liquid formulations.
Indigo Carmine also has significant applications in medical diagnostics, particularly in procedures involving visualization of the urinary tract, where it is injected to help identify flow patterns and detect abnormalities.
In analytical chemistry, Indigo Carmine serves as a redox indicator due to its reversible oxidation-reduction behavior.

Additionally, Indigo Carmine is used in textile dyeing and laboratory staining applications.
In the food industry, Indigo Carmine is used as a blue colouring.
Indigo Carmine is applied to create or enhance colour, as well as to obtain green and violet shades in combination with other colourings.

Most commonly, Indigo Carmine can be found in confectionery products, jellies, desserts, ice cream, decorative sprinkles, beverages, and some dairy products.
A characteristic feature of the additive is Indigo Carmine's high colour intensity; therefore, minimal doses are used in the food industry.
Indigo Carmine is a synthetic blue dye used in candies, ice cream, baked goods, and beverages.

Indigo Carmine's one of the oldest synthetic food dyes still in use today.
Indigo Carmine is a synthetic blue dye belonging to the indigoid class of compounds and is chemically identical to indigo carmine, being the disodium salt of indigo-5,5′-disulfonic acid.
Indigo Carmine is widely used as a colorant in food, pharmaceuticals, and medical diagnostics due to its strong blue color and high water solubility.

Indigo Carmine is commonly recognized under the food additive code E132 and is valued for its stability and compatibility in aqueous systems.
Indigo Carmine finds diverse applications in various industries.
Food Industry: Indigo Carmine is widely used to color candies, beverages, and desserts, particularly in sweets and ice cream, where a bright blue color is desired.

Pharmaceuticals: Indigo Carmine isemployed to color tablets and capsules, aiding product identification and enhancing aesthetic appeal.
Medical Diagnostics: Indigo Carmine is used as a diagnostic tool in medical procedures, such as highlighting structures in the urinary system during urological surgeries.
Cosmetics and Personal Care: Indigo Carmine is found in some cosmetics like shampoos and bath gels, providing a vibrant blue color.

Indigo Carmine acts as an aesthetic enhancer, available as blue powder.
Indigo Carmine is a water soluble synthetic dye that exhibits poor light fastness.
Indigo Carmine is used in decorative cosmetics.

Indigo Carmine meets purity criteria and characteristics set by EC Food Directive 2008/128/EC.
In the food industry, Indigo Carmine is used in many products such as confectionery, ice cream, jellies, marmalades, some fruit juices, cakes, and biscuits.
Indigo Carmine is used as a dye in capsule production.

Indigo Carmine is used as a dye in cationic cotton fabrics.
In the cosmetics industry, Indigo Carmine is used to color products such as nail polish, eyeshadow, and shampoo.
Indigo carmine 0.25%, a water-soluble blue solution, finds frequent application in food histology.

Indigo Carmine has a wide range of applications, especially in the study of seafood and dairy products.
Thanks to its ability to bind proteins and other complex macromolecules, Indigo Carmine allows detailed visualization of structures in crustaceans such as shrimp and crab, as well as in cheese and other dairy products.
This ability allows accurate assessments of the quality and freshness of these foods.

Indigo carmine is widely used as a colorant in the food industry under the designation E132, where it provides a stable blue color in beverages, confectionery, dairy products, and processed foods.
In pharmaceutical applications, Indigo Carmine is used as a coloring agent in tablets, capsules, and syrups.
Additionally, Indigo Carmine plays an important role in medical diagnostics, particularly in urology and surgery, where it is used as a dye to visualize urinary tract function and identify leaks or blockages.

In analytical chemistry, Indigo Carmine serves as a redox indicator due to its ability to undergo reversible reduction and oxidation reactions.
It is also used in textile dyeing and laboratory staining procedures.
Indigo Carmine was originally used as a kidney function test, but it is now mostly used to locate ureteral orifices during cystoscopy and ureteral catheterization.

Indigo Carmine is a colourant, which is clinically used for distinctive purposes.
As Indigo Carmine belongs to a class of drugs called Miscellaneous Diagnostic Dyes, Indigo Carmine can be used alone or with other medications.
For the intraoperative detection of suspected ureteral injuries throughout abdominal and pelvic surgery, ICN is indicated.

This medicative product, Indigo Carmine, is to be injected by the blood vessel route.
Indigo Carmine is a traditional drug used as an individual agent for kidney function tests.
There are several other ways of using ICN.

Uses of Indigo Carmine: Indigo Carmine (pH indicator), below pH 11.4 above pH 13.0; 11.4⇌13.0
Like indigo, Indigo Carmine produces a blue color, and is used in food and other consumables, cosmetics, and as a medical contrast agent and staining agent.
In medicine, Indigo Carmine's most well-known use is as a diagnostic agent for kidney function tests.

Indigo Carmine is also used as a food colourant, a histological dye and a two-colour pH indicator.
Indigo carmine is structurally related to natural indigo but is modified to enhance solubility and usability.
Its redox behavior allows Indigo Carmine to function as an indicator in titrations and chemical experiments.

Indigo Carmine is also used in environmental and biological studies as a tracer dye.
Despite its synthetic origin, Indigo Carmine remains one of the most widely approved and utilized blue dyes globally.
Indigo Carmine is used for coloring purposes in the food industry.

Indigo Carmine is a synthetic blue food coloring that provides a distinctive deep blue shade to various food products.
Indigo Carmine is used in a wide range of food and pharmaceuticals however applications are somewhat limited due to low stability to heat, acids and preservatives.
Indigo Carmine belongs to the category of colourings and is used in the food industry to impart an intense blue or blue-violet shade to products.

For the food industry, Indigo Carmine is obtained by chemical synthesis based on indigo compounds followed by purification.
Thus, Indigo Carmine is a process of producing a stable blue dye with strictly controlled properties, without impurities from natural raw materials.

Indigo Carmine is a synthetic colorant commonly used in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Indigo Carmine imparts a vibrant blue hue to various products, making it a popular choice for coloring applications.

-Experiment using indigo carmine as an indicator
Indigo carmine in a 0.2% aqueous solution is blue at pH 11.4 and yellow at 13.0.
Indigo carmine is also a redox indicator, turning yellow upon reduction.

Another use of Indigo Carmine is as a dissolved ozone indicator through the conversion to isatin-5-sulfonic acid.
This reaction has been shown not to be specific to ozone: Indigo Carmine also detects superoxide, an important distinction in cell physiology.
Indigo Carmine is also used as a dye in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical capsules.

-Medical uses of Indigo Carmine:
Indigo Carmine is used as a contrast agent during surgical procedures.
Indigo Carmine is indicated for use in cystoscopy in adults following urological and gynecological procedures.

Indigo Carmine was approved for medical use in the United States in July 2022.
In obstetric surgery, Indigo Carmine may be used to detect amniotic fluid leaks.

In urologic surgery, intravenous Indigo Carmine can be used to highlight portions of the urinary tract.
Indigo Carmine is filtered rapidly by the kidneys from the blood, and colors the urine blue.
Indigo carmine stain is not absorbed into cells, so it is applied to tissues to enhance the visibility of mucosa.

-Food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and scientific uses of Indigo Carmine:
Indigo carmine is one of the few blue food colorants.
Others include the anthocyanidins and rare substances such as variegatic acid and popolohuanone.

-Indigo Carmine is used in Clinical Endoscopy
Endoscopic dye spraying of the gastrointestinal tract (chromoendoscopy) was initially described in 1976.
Indigo carmine could be a distinction dye that neither reacts with nor is absorbed by the mucosa, however merely pools within the tissue layer grooves and pits permitting higher topographic definition.
In conjunction with improved colonoscopic equipment, this has the potential to boost the diagnostic yield by detective work on unnoticeable lesions which may otherwise be overlooked.

This may be notably vital in surveillance in ulcerative colitis wherever the first changes of abnormalcy will be delicate.
The study showed that the routine use of ICN dye spray throughout the complete colon is straightforward, feasible, and safe.

-Indigo Carmine Injection
The solution of indigo carmine (indigotindisulfonate) is given intravenously or intramuscularly, and its appearance at the ureteral orifices is monitored using the cystoscope.
The recommended initial dosage is an ampoule of 5ml having 40 mg of Indigo carmine, each mL containing 8 mg of Indigotindisulfonate Sodium and Water for Injection q.s.
The adjustment of pH is done when necessary with Citric Acid and/or Sodium Citrate.
The sterility and non-pyrogenicity should be maintained.

-Indigo Carmine is used as a positive electrode material
An experiment proves the electric nature of indigo carmine.
In glucose which is known as reducing sugar and in the presence of a strong base like sodium hydroxide it reacts to form something called a glucoside anion which wants to donate a pair of electrons these electrons are then picked up by the ICN which first reduces it to a red form and then to a yellow one.
Thus, Indigo carmine will work as a positive-electrode material that is not solely lithium, but additionally a sodium-electrolyte.

-Indigo Carmine is used as a food additive
Indigo carmine gives a very rich blue colour in water.
And as a food additive, Indigo Carmine is also approved in the US and Europe.
In the US and Canada, Indigo Carmine is referred to as FD&C blue number two or just blue – and in Europe, it’s a 132.

-Indigo Carmine is used as an indicator
Indigo carmine in a 0.2% aqueous solution is blue at pH 11.4 and yellow at 13.0, thus acting as a pH indicator.
Indigo Carmine also serves as a redox indicator, turning yellow upon reduction.
Through the conversion to isatin-5-sulfonic acid, Indigo Carmine can also be used as a dissolved ozone indicator.

-Useful in the staining of Negri bodies:
Indigo carmine is used as a food colorant, pH indicator and dissolved ozone indicator.
Indigo Carmine is used to detect amino fluid leaks, highlight portions of the urinary tract, tissue stains and tool for the determination of hypochlorite.
As a dye in renal function, Indigo Carmine is used in testing and detection of nitrates and chlorates, and in the testing of milk.

-Indigo Carmine - Clinical Pharmacology
Indigo Carmine is excreted largely by the kidneys, retaining its blue color during passage through the body.
Elimination of Indigo Carmine begins soon after injection, appearing in the urine within 10 minutes in average cases.

The biological half-life is 4 to 5 minutes following intravenous injection.
Larger quantities are necessary when intramuscular injection is employed.
Appearance time and elimination are delayed following intramuscular injection.

-Common Uses of Indigo Carmine in Food:
Indigo Carmine is used in a variety of food products, including: Confectionery and candy, Ice cream and frozen desserts, Bakery products (icings, decorations), Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages, Dessert mixes and jellies, Dairy products, Syrups and sauces, Pharmaceutical applications (pill coatings), Cosmetic products, Scientific applications (biological staining).

APPROVED USAGE AND RECOMMENDED DAILY INTAKE of INDIGO CARMINE:
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has approved Indigo Carmine as a food additive under the E number system.
Similar approvals exist in many other countries.
However, strict regulations govern its use to ensure consumer safety.
The recommended daily intake of Indigo Carmine for human consumption is up to 5 mg/kg body weight per day.
Products containing Indigo Carmine must clearly list it on the label, allowing consumers to make informed choices, especially those who may have sensitivities or allergies to artificial dyes.

BENEFITS of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo Carmine offers several advantages, including high water solubility, strong and consistent color intensity, and compatibility with a wide range of formulations.
Its stability under normal conditions makes Indigo Carmine reliable for industrial and pharmaceutical use.
In medical diagnostics, Indigo Carmine provides clear visualization, improving procedural accuracy.
Its redox properties also make Indigo Carmine useful in chemical analysis and educational experiments.

CHARACTERISTICS of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo Carmine is a highly water-soluble, anionic dye characterized by its strong tinting strength and stable coloration in aqueous systems.
Indigo Carmine's sulfonated structure enhances solubility and usability compared to natural indigo.
Indigo Carmine exhibits consistent performance in various formulations and maintains color integrity under typical processing conditions, although it may degrade under extreme light or oxidative stress.

CHEMICAL FORMULA of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo Carmine's source is a food coloring with the code E 132.
Indigo Carmine is chemically water-soluble.
Indigo Carmine comes in powder form and can be actively used in the production of many food products.

FUNCTIONS AND PROPERTIES of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo Carmine is included in the synthetic food coloring codex.
Indigo Carmine's use in permitted products is limited.
Indigo Carmine complies with health standards and no noticeable side effects are ever observed.
Considering this, Indigo Carmine is truly a detailed and striking coloring agent.

BENEFITS of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo carmine offers advantages such as strong color intensity, high water solubility, and relatively good stability under normal processing conditions.
Its compatibility with aqueous systems makes Indigo Carmine suitable for a wide range of applications.
In medical use, Indigo Carmine provides a reliable and visible marker for diagnostic procedures.
Its redox properties also make Indigo Carmine valuable in analytical and educational chemistry settings.

FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES IN FOOD of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigotine offers several functional properties.
*Vibrant blue color:
Indigo Carmine provides a deep blue shade

*Water solubility:
Easily incorporated into aqueous food systems

*Good stability:
Relatively stable to light compared to some food colors

*pH sensitivity:
Color can shift in strongly acidic conditions

*Heat resistance:
Indigo Carmine maintains color during cooking and baking processes

*Synergistic effects:
Indigo Carmine combines with yellow colors to create greens

INDIGO CARMINE FEATURES:
Indigo Carmine is blue in powder form.
Indigo Carmine is odorless.
Indigo Carmine is water-soluble.
Indigo Carmine is sensitive to light and oxidizers.

CHARACTERISTICS of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo carmine is a water-soluble, anionic dye with strong tinting strength and good compatibility with aqueous systems.
Indigo Carmine's sulfonated structure enhances solubility and stability compared to natural indigo.
Indigo Carmine is widely recognized for its consistent coloring performance and is stable under a range of processing conditions, although it may degrade under extreme الضوء or oxidative environments.

BENEFITS of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo Carmine is not a substance inherent to the human body and does not participate in physiological processes.
Indigo Carmine has no nutritional value and provides no health benefits.
The role of additive Indigo Carmine is exclusively technological — to create a stable colour in food products.
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) confirms that, when established intake limits are observed, additive Indigo Carmine does not pose a risk to health.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE FOR INDIGO CARMINE:
Originally employed as a kidney function test, the chief application of Indigo Carmine at present is localizing ureteral orifices during cystoscopy and ureteral catheterization.
Indigo Carmine is a coloring agent widely used in the food industry.
Indigo Carmine holds a significant place among food dyes, particularly in many food products.

Indigo Carmine gives products a vibrant and attractive color, while also being a preferred shade by many consumers.
Indigo Carmine is an artificial coloring that gives a blue color and is commonly used in foods.
Indigo Carmine is commonly used as a coloring agent in foods such as confectionery, beverages, ice cream, and dairy products.

SOURCE AND PRODUCTION of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo Carmine is a synthetic dye with historical connections to natural indigo.
Synthetic production:
Commercially produced through chemical synthesis 2. Production process:

Originally derived from coal tar
Modern production from petroleum-based precursors

Chemical synthesis involving sulfonation of indigo
Purification to meet food-grade standards 3. Historical context:
Named after the natural blue dye indigo from plants

Synthetic version developed in the 19th century
Now entirely produced through chemical processes
The production is fully industrial and does not involve natural extraction from plants.

SOLUBILITY of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo Carmine is soluble in ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethanol.
Indigo Carmine is slightly soluble in water and alcohol.
Indigo Carmine is insoluble in benzene, chloroform and organic solvents.

NOTES of INDIGO CARMINE:
Indigo Carmine is light sensitive.
Indigo Carmine is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of INDIGO CARMINE:
CAS Number: 860-22-0
EC Number: 212-728-8
E number: E132 (colours)
Chemical formula: C16H8N2Na2O8S2
Molar mass: 466.36 g/mol
Appearance: purple solid
Melting point: >300 °C (572 °F)
Solubility in water: 10 g/L (25 °C (77 °F))

Molecular Weight: 466.4 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 9
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 465.95174613 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 465.95174613 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 197 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 30

Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 877
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
IUPAC Name: disodium;2-(3-hydroxy-5-sulfonato-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5-sulfonate
CAS No.: 860-22-0
Molecular Formula: C16H8N2Na2O8S2
Molar Mass: 466.4 g/mol
Appearance: Dusky, purplish-blue appearance (In powder form); Blue or purplish-blue colour (Solution)
Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol; Partially soluble in other organic solvents
Melting Point: 300 °C (572 °F)

PubChem CID: 2723854
PubChem SID: 462768915
E number: E132
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C16H8N2Na2O8S2 = 466.35
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
Storage Temperature: Room Temperature (Recommended in a cool and dark place, <15°C)
Condition to Avoid: Light Sensitive
CAS RN: 860-22-0

Reaxys Registry Number: 905434
PubChem Substance ID: 87571590
Merck Index (14): 4944
Colour Index: 73015
MDL Number: MFCD00005723
CAS: 860-22-0
IUPAC Name: disodium (E)-3,3'-dioxo-1H,1'H,3H,3'H-[2,2'-biindolylidene]-5,5'-disulfonate

Molecular Formula: C16H8N2Na2O8S2
InChI Key: KHLVKKOJDHCJMG-QDBORUFSSA-L
SMILES: [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C2NC(C(=O)C2=C1)=C1NC2=CC=C(C=C2C1=O)S([O-])(=O)=O
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 466.35
Appearance (Form): Crystalline powder
Infrared spectrum: Conforms
Dye content: >=80 %
UV Lambda max: 608 to 612 nm

Absorption Ratio P-15/P+15: 0.98 to 1.07
BSC Certification: Passes
Appearance (Color): Dark blue to purple
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C16H8N2Na2O8S2
CAS Number: 860-22-0
Molecular Weight: 466.35
UNSPSC Code: 85151701
NACRES: NA.24

E Number: E132
PubChem Substance ID: 329764894
EC Number: 212-728-8
MDL number: MFCD00005723
Colour Index Number: 73015
Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 4103904
Physical state: solid
Color: No data available
Odor: odorless

Melting point/freezing point: Melting point: > 340 °C at 965,1 hPa - OECD Test Guideline 102 - (decomposition); > 300 °C at 1.013 hPa
Initial boiling point and boiling range: Not applicable
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: 340 °C
pH: 3,87 at 7,14 g/l at 30 °C

Viscosity: Viscosity, kinematic: No data available;
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 1 g/l at 27 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water log Pow: -3,57 - (ECHA), Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 0,71 g/cm3 at 29 °C - OECD Test Guideline 109
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available

Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
CASNUMARASI: 860-22-0
MOLECULAR FORMULA: C16H8N2Na2O8S2
FOOD CODE: E132
CHEMICAL NAME: Indigo Carmine
TRADE NAME: Blue food coloring

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 466.36 g/mol
pH RANGE: 8-9
DENSITY: 0.80 g/cm³
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: 212-728-8
FDA UNII: D3741U8K7L
Beilstein Number: 4103904
MDL: MFCD00005723
Molecular Weight: 468.37283856
Formula: C16 H10 N2 Na2 O8 S2

Appearance: blue powder (est)
Assay: 85.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 1.627 (est)
Soluble in:
water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
water, 1.00E+04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)

Appearance: Dark blue to purple crystalline powder
Physical State: Solid
Odor: Odorless
Solubility in Water: Highly soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Slightly soluble to insoluble in most organic solvents
Molecular Structure: Indigoid structure with sulfonate groups
Ionic Nature: Anionic dye (disodium salt)

Melting Point: Decomposes before melting (~>300°C)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
Density: Not well-defined (varies with form)
pH Stability: Stable in neutral and mildly acidic conditions
Acid Stability: Moderate stability; strong acids may cause degradation
Alkaline Stability: Stable in alkaline solutions

Thermal Stability: Relatively stable under moderate heat
Light Stability: Moderate to good lightfastness
Oxidation/Reduction: Can undergo reversible redox reactions (reduced to leuco form)
Color: Deep blue in aqueous solution
Absorption Maximum: ~610–620 nm
Fluorescence: Generally non-fluorescent
Chemical Reactivity: Reactive in redox systems, especially in analytical chemistry

FIRST AID MEASURES of INDIGO CARMINE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of INDIGO CARMINE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of INDIGO CARMINE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of INDIGO CARMINE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of INDIGO CARMINE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of INDIGO CARMINE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available