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Magnesium chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula MgCl₂, possessing an extremely wide range of applications in both nature and industry.
Sourced from seawater and natural brine deposits, this highly soluble compound serves as a critical source of magnesium ions in biological processes and chemical synthesis.
It is recognized as an essential component across various sectors, spanning from cellular function maintenance and medicine to food production and industrial de-icing operations.
Synonyms:
magnesiumdichloride;MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE, 98% ANHYDROUS;Slow-Mag;MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION, 0.025 M IN WATER, 10X1 ML;MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE STANDARD SOLUTION, 0. 5 M;additive screening solution 22/fluka kit no 78374;magnesium atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 1.00 g mg;magnesium chloride solution
CAS: 7786-30-3
MF: Cl2Mg
MW: 95.21
EINECS: 232-094-6
Product Categories:
Chemical Synthesis;Inorganic Salts;Magnesium Salts;Materials Science;Metal and Ceramic Science;Synthetic Reagents;Inorganics;Crystal Grade Inorganics;Inorganic Salts;Magnesium Salts;G - M;Salt Solutions;Volumetric Solutions;metal halide;MagnesiumMetal and Ceramic Science;Salts;Synthetic Reagents;BioUltraProtein Structural Analysis;DNA&RNA Purification;Molecular Biology;Molecular Biology Reagents;Optimization ReagentsMolecular Biology;Reagents;X-Ray Crystallography;Optimization Reagents;PCR OptimizationMolecular Biology;PCR Reaction Components;PCR/Amplification;BiochemicalsSynthetic Reagents;Magnesium;Companion Products and ReagentsSynthetic Reagents;Insect Platform;Serum-free.
Mol File: 7786-30-3.mol
Melting point: 714 C (lit.)
Boiling point: 1412 C/1 atm (lit.)
density: 2.32 g/mL at 25 C (lit.)
refractive index: n20/D 1.336
storage temp.: 2-8 C
solubility: H2O: soluble
form: powder
color: colorless
Specific Gravity: 2.41
Odor: odorless
Flame Color: Colorless
PH: 5.0-7.5 (25 C, 1M in H2O)
Water Solubility: 400 G/L (20 C)
lambda max: lambda: 260 nm Amax: 0.05
lambda: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Crystal Structure: CdCl2 type
crystal system: Three sides
Merck: 14,5662
Space group: R3m
Lattice constant:
a/nm b/nm c/nm alpha/o beta/o gamma/o V/nm3
0.364 0.364 1.767 90 90 120 0.2023
Stability: hygroscopic
CosmeticsIngredients Functions: FLAVOURING VISCOSITY CONTROLLING
InChI: 1S/2ClH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2
InChIKey:TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L
CAS DataBase Reference:7786-30-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference:Magnesium dichloride(7786-30-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: Magnesium chloride (7786-30-3)
Safety Information:
Hazard Codes: Xi
Risk Statements: 36/37/38-43-36/37
Safety Statements: 26-36-24/25-22-36/37-39
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: OM2800000
F: 3-10
TSCA: TSCA listed
HS Code:28273100
Storage Class: 13 - Non Combustible Solids
Hazardous Substances Data: 7786-30-3(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity: LD50 orally in Rabbit: 2800 mg/kg
Magnesium chloride Usage And Synthesis:
General Description: Magnesium chloride, MgCl2, also known as chloromagnesite, is a colorless crystalline solid.
Magnesium chloride is soluble in water and alcohol and is used in the ceramic and textile industries.
Magnesium chloride is formed by heating hydrated magnesium chloride crystals in a current of dry hydrogen chloride or by heating magnesium ammonium chloride.
Hydrated magnesium chloride, MgCl2.6H2O, also known as bischofite, is a white deliquescent solid formed by the reaction of magnesium carbonate(or hydroxide,oxide or metal)and hydrogen chloride.
Magnesium chloride is used in disinfectants, fire extinguishers, and paper manufacture.
Uses:
Industry:Chemical manufacture,Road maintenance,Snow and ice control,Medicine,Food,Baby formula milk,Gas storage,Cement,Others,Paper filling,Textile filling,Fertilizer,Mineral supplement for animals,Refrigeration brine and artificial seawater,Waste water treatment,Anesthesia for cephalopods, crustaceans and bivalve,Polymerase chain reaction,
Application: Manufacturer of magnesium metal and other magnesium compounds,Dust control,De-icing agent/helps to prevent the ice bond on the road and to remove ice buildup from road,Treating or preventing magnesium deficiency,Tofu,Ingredient,Storage of Hydrogen Gas,Manufacturer of Sorel cement,Fire extinguishers,Fire retardant,Keeps the humidity of cotton to make it soft,Source of magnesium,Effective ingredient,Anaesthetic,Necessary for both in vivo/vitro DNA synthesis.
Role/benefit:Source of magnesium,Moisture absorbed from the air prevents dust formation,Source of magnesium/helps to raise magnesium levels in the body,Coagulant agent/helps liquid forms of soy to solidify into tofu,Storage material/effectively absorbs ammonia which is rich in hydrogen atoms,Raw material/Mixed with hydrated magnesium oxide to form hard material,Effective reactant.
Chemical Properties:
Magnesium is an essential nutrient for plants and animals and is a natural constituent of fruits, vegetables, grain, meats and sea-foods.
It is the fourth most abundant cation in the human body and the second most plentiful intracellularly.
The average 60-kg human adult body contains about 24 g magnesium of which about one-half resides in bone. Although plasma levels vary between 1.7 and 3.0 mg per dl, very little is contained in extracellular fluid.
Magnesium is essential for the production and transfer of energy, for protein, fat, and nucleic acid synthesis, for contractility in muscle and excitability in nerve, and for the activity of numerous enzyme systems.
Electrical Conductivity:
Concentration | 0.50% | 1% | 2% | 5% | 10% | 15% | 20% | 25% | 30%
mS/cm | 8.6 | 16.6| 31.2| 66.9| 108 | 129 | 134 | 122 | 98
Occurrence:
MgCl2, is one of the primary constituents of seawater and occurs in most natural brines and salt deposits formed from the evaporation of seawater.
Uses:
An excellent magnesium ion source for synthesis and biology research.
Magnesium Chloride is a source of magnesium, a color-retention agent, and firming agent.
Magnesium chloride exists as colorless flakes or crystals and is very soluble in water.
Uses:
Magnesium chloride is used for a variety of other applications besides the production of Mg metal.
Magnesium chloride is used in the manufacture of textiles, paper, fireproofing agents, cements and refrigeration brine.
Magnesium chloride has also been used in dust and erosion control.
Mixed with hydrated magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride forms a hard material called "Sorel-cement".
The cement is a mixture of MgO (burnt magnesia) with MgCl2 with the approximate chemical formula Mg4Cl2(OH)6(H2O)8, corresponding to a weight ratio of 2.5-3.5 parts MgO to one part MgCl2.
This usage of magnesium chloride is unmatched by any other compound.
MgCl2 was one of the earlier antiseptics, first used for that purpose by Dr Pierre Delbert in 1915.
One veterinary study in 1989 indicated some effectiveness against tumors when used as a feed additive.
A commercial form of liquid MgCl2 called DustGard Liquid is used to control dust on unpaved roads, construction sites and similar surfaces.
Because Magnesium chloride is produced from naturally occurring minerals, Magnesium chloride improves air quality and visibility with minimal environmental impact.
Magnesium chloride also decreases vehicle maintenance costs, prevents soil erosion and reduces the need for blading, watering and gravel replacement.
Magnesium chloride is also used in several medical and topical (skin-related) applications. Magnesium chloride has been used in pills as supplemental sources of magnesium, where Magnesium chloride serves as a soluble compound which is not as laxative as MgSO4, and more bio-available than Mg(OH)2 and MgO, since Magnesium chloride does not require stomach acid to produce soluble Mg2+ ion.
Magnesium chloride can also be used as an effective anesthetic for cephalopods, some species of crustaceans, and several species of bivalves, including oysters.
Magnesium chloride is an important coagulant used in the preparation of "tofu" from soy milk.
In Japan, Magnesium chloride is sold as "Nigari", (derived from the Japanese word for "bitter").
Magnesium chloride is a white powder produced from seawater after the sodium chloride has been removed, and the water evaporated. In China, Magnesium chloride is called "Lushui", Nigari or Lushui and consists mostly of magnesium chloride, with some MgSO4 and other trace elements.
Magnesium chloride is also an ingredient in baby formula milk.
Magnesium chloride has shown promise as a storage material for hydrogen gas.
Ammonia can be effectively adsorbed onto solid magnesium chloride, forming Mg(NH3)6Cl2.
When the ammonia is released by mild heat, and is then passed through a catalyst, hydrogen gas is retrieved.
Definition:
ChEBI: Magnesium chloride is a magnesium salt comprising of two chlorine atoms bound to a magnesium atom.
magnesium chloride: A white solid compound, MgCl2.
The anhydrous salt (hexagonal; r.d. 2.32; m.p.714 C; b.p. 1412 C) can be prepared by the direct combination of dry chlorine with magnesium:
Mg(s) + Cl2(g) -> MgCl2(s)
The compound also occurs naturally as a constituent of carnallite(KCl.MgCl2).
Magnesium chloride is a deliquescent compound that commonly forms the hexahydrate, MgCl2.6H2O (monoclinic;r.d. 1.57). When heated, this hydrolyses to give magnesium oxide and hydrogen chloride gas.
The fused chloride is electrolysed to produce magnesium and Magnesium chloride is also used for fireproofing wood, in magnesia cements and artificial leather, and as a laxative.
Preparation:
In the "Dow Process" (which is the electrolytic method of extracting bromine from brine), magnesium chloride is regenerated from magnesium hydroxide by hydrochloric acid: Mg(OH)2(s) + 2HCl -> MgCl2(aq) + 2H2O
Magnesium chloride can also be prepared from MgCO3 by a similar reaction.
Magnesium chloride is ionic and so will undergo electrolysis when Magnesium chloride is molten.
Electricity is carried by the movement of the ions within the melt and their discharge at the electrodes.
However, solid magnesium chloride is a nonconductor of electricity because the ions are immobile.
General Description: Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is an inorganic compound that can be prepared by reacting magnesium oxide and ammonium chloride in the presence of alumina as a covering agent.
Hazard: Toxic by ingestion.
Flammability and Explosibility: Non flammable
Toxics Screening Level: The initial threshold screening level (ITSL) for magnesium chloride is 5 ug/m3 based on an annual averaging time.
Magnesium chloride Preparation Products And Raw materials:
Raw materials:Hydrochloric acid-->Bromine-->Magnesium-->Magnesium oxide-->Potassium chloride-->Magnesium carbonate-->Magnesium chloride hexahydrate-->Octadecanamine-->BITTERN-->carnallite-->AMMONIUM CHLORIDE 20 MM - MAGNESIUM CHLO-->Di-n-butylmagnesium-->Zinc chloride-->1-Chlorobutane
Preparation Products: Magnesium oxide-->Lactic acid-->Carbofuran-->Magnesium carbonate-->Magnesium chloride hexahydrate-->Ammonium paratungstate-->Magnesium stearate-->Glass fiber reinforced plastic cooling tower-->6-METHOXY-2-OXO-2H-CHROMENE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID-->magnesium carbonate for medicanaln-->MAGNESIUM CARBONATE, LIGHT AR-->TPP-->Magnesium hydroxide,activated-->Zirconium-->Magnesium gluconate-->Ammonia.
