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O-acetylsalicylic acid, commonly known as aspirin, is an acetylated derivative of salicylic acid with the molecular formula C₉H₈O₄.
O-acetylsalicylic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid containing an acetyl ester group formed by replacing the phenolic hydrogen of salicylic acid with an acetyl group.
O-acetylsalicylic acid is one of the most widely recognized members of the salicylate family.
CAS Number: 50-78-2
Molecular Formula: C9H8O4
Molecular Weight: 180.16
EINECS Number: 200-064-1
Synonyms: ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID, 50-78-2, 2-Acetoxybenzoic acid, 2-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid, Acylpyrin, O-Acetylsalicylic acid, o-Acetoxybenzoic acid, Acenterine, Acetophen, Ecotrin, Salicylic acid acetate, Aceticyl, Acetosalin, Polopiryna, Aspirdrops, Pharmacin, Premaspin, Salcetogen, Acetonyl, Benaspir, Empirin, Endydol, Measurin, Rhodine, Saletin, Temperal, Adiro, Ecolen, Acetosalic acid, Rheumintabletten, Solprin acid, o-Carboxyphenyl acetate, Acidum acetylsalicylicum, Benzoic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)-, 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid, Enterosarine, Acetisal, Acetylsal, Aspirine, Bialpirina, Bialpirinia, Entericin, Enterophen, Globentyl, Salacetin, Solpyron, Acesal, Acisal, Asagran, Asteric, Caprin, Cemirit, Duramax, Extren, Globoid, Helicon, Idragin, Levius, Rhonal, Aspro, Novid, Yasta, Acimetten, Delgesic, Entrophen, Acetilum acidulatum, Acetilsalicilico, 2-Carboxyphenyl acetate, Dolean pH 8, Contrheuma retard, XAXA, Bayer, Acido acetilsalicilico, Acide acetylsalicylique, 8-hour Bayer, Asatard, Durlaza, Ronal, Rheumin tabletten, acetyl salicylate, 2-Acetoxybenzenecarboxylic acid, SP 189, DTXSID5020108, AC 5230, Acetylsalicyclic acid, Acetylsalicylicum acidum, o-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid, Acetylsalicylsaeure, Azetylsalizylsaeure, NSC-27223, Bayer Extra Strength Aspirin for Migraine Pain, NSC-406186, R16CO5Y76E, CHEBI:15365, BAY1019036, acide 2-(acetyloxy)benzoique, DTXCID50108, DUOCOVER COMPONENT ASPIRIN, YOSPRALA COMPONENT ASPIRIN, DUOPLAVIN COMPONENT ASPIRIN, NSC406186, CLOPIDOGREL/ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID COMPONENT ASPIRIN, Acid, Acetylsalicylic, vetality, Ascurin, Danamep, Fasprin, Gencardia, Medpurine, Paynocil, Enprin, Platet, Disprin direct, Micropirin ec, Solves-aspirin, Aramark Aspirin, Aspirin Powder, Aspirin Regimen, Canine Aspirin, Clopidogrel Kit, Coated Aspirin, Enteric Aspirin, Equate Aspirin, Leader Aspirin, Medique Aspirin, Rapidol Aspirin, Sunmark Aspirin, Topcare Aspirin, Acetylsalic acid, Alka rapid, Aspirin Bolus, Aspirin Nsaid, Aspirin Packs, AspirinLow Dose, Bayer Aspirin, Disprin cv, Pain Reliever, Rugby Aspirin, Value Pharma, Aspro clr, Aspi-cor, Aspirin Chewable, Buffered Aspirin, Chewable Aspirin, Geritrex Aspirin, Plus Pharma, Regular Strength, Thompson Aspirin, McKesson Aspirin, Anadin all night, Aspir Low, Equi-Prin, Aspirin EC, Childrens Aspirin, Unishield Aspirin, Adult Low Dose, Bayer Low Dose, Aspirin 5 Grain, Aspirin Low Dose, Low Dose Aspirin, Bufferin Arthritis, ULINE Aspirin, CAREALL Aspirin, Aspica (Aspirin), Aspirin 81mg, Dg Health Aspirin, Low Dose Miniprin, Angettes 75, Medi-first Aspirin, aspirin pain relief, Basic Care Aspirin, Good Sense Aspirin, Aspirin 325mg, Aspirin 81, Aspirin 81 mg, Health Mart Aspirin, MBR Aspirin Powder, Pain Relief Aspirin, Max strgh aspro clr, AsCurin Fast Action, Aspirin 325 mg, Aspirin Pain reliver, Postmi 75, RefChem:17, Tri-buffered Aspirin, Aspirin 325, Aspirin 50 CT, Aspirin Low Strength, ASPIRN, ASPRISOL, Crane Safety Aspirin, Henry Schein Aspirin, Nu-seals 75, Travel Savvy Aspirin, VAZALORE, Solves-aspirin Cherry, Adult Aspirin Regimen, Aspirin Bolus-240, Bayer Aspirin Regimen, Bayer Genuine Aspirin, Direct Safety Aspirin, Nu-seals cardio 75, Rapid Comfort Aspirin, MEDIQUE ASPIRN, Platet 300, Postmi 300, Nu-seals 300, Nu-seals 600, Adult Chewable Aspirin., o-Acetylsalicylic acid 2-Acetoxybenzoic acid;ASPIRIN (AECTAMINOPHIN);ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID BP2000;ACETICYL;ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID;ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID IMPURITY D;AKOS BBS-00003798;2-(ACETYLOXY)-BENZOIC ACID
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has a molecular weight of approximately 180.16 g/mol.
O-acetylsalicylic acids structure contains a benzene ring substituted with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) and an acetoxy group (-OCOCH₃).
These functional groups determine its acidity, chemical reactivity, and biological activity.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid belongs to the class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
O-acetylsalicylic acid is classified as a salicylate because it is chemically derived from salicylic acid.
Its pharmacological effects are related to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis pathways.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is a white crystalline solid at room temperature.
O-acetylsalicylic acid is generally odorless or has a very slight acidic odor.
The compound forms crystalline structures due to intermolecular interactions involving its carboxylic acid group.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has limited solubility in water.
O-acetylsalicylic acid aromatic ring and acetylated phenolic group reduce water compatibility compared with more polar salicylates.
Solubility increases under alkaline conditions because the carboxylic acid group becomes ionized.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is a weak organic acid.
The carboxylic acid group can donate a proton in aqueous solution.
Its acidic behavior influences absorption, stability, and formulation properties.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is produced by acetylation of salicylic acid.
The reaction typically involves acetylating agents that transfer an acetyl group to the phenolic hydroxyl group of salicylic acid.
This modification improves certain properties compared with salicylic acid.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid contains an ester functional group.
The acetyl group is attached through oxygen, forming an aromatic ester.
O-acetylsalicylic acid ester bond can undergo hydrolysis under suitable conditions.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid can hydrolyze to form salicylic acid and acetic acid.
Hydrolysis is accelerated by moisture, heat, and extreme pH conditions.
This degradation process affects the stability and shelf life of aspirin-containing products.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has a chiral-center-free structure.
Unlike many pharmaceutical compounds, it does not contain asymmetric carbon atoms.
O-acetylsalicylic acid chemical behavior is therefore not influenced by enantiomeric differences.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has aromatic π-electron systems that contribute to its chemical properties.
The benzene ring allows interactions such as π-stacking and influences molecular stability.
The aromatic structure is characteristic of many salicylate compounds.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
The aromatic ring contributes hydrophobic character, while the carboxylic acid and ester groups provide polar interactions.
O-acetylsalicylic acid balance affects solubility and biological distribution.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid interacts with biological systems through acetylation mechanisms.
The acetyl group can be transferred to specific biological targets, producing long-lasting effects.
O-acetylsalicylic acid chemical property distinguishes aspirin from many other NSAIDs.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2).
It irreversibly acetylates active-site serine residues of these enzymes.
This reduces the formation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes involved in inflammation and platelet activation.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid affects platelet function through inhibition of thromboxane production.
Platelets cannot synthesize new cyclooxygenase enzymes, resulting in prolonged effects after exposure.
This mechanism is important in cardiovascular medicine.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is metabolized in the body primarily to salicylic acid.
Esterases hydrolyze the acetyl ester group, producing salicylate metabolites.
Further metabolism occurs mainly in the liver.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been extensively studied in chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, and materials research.
Its simple structure, well-characterized reactions, and broad biological effects make it one of the most studied organic compounds.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is historically significant because it represents one of the earliest successful synthetic pharmaceutical compounds.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid development marked an important milestone in modern drug discovery and industrial pharmaceutical production.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid one of the most recognizable compounds in medicinal chemistry.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid, also known as aspirin, is an analgesic-antipyretic medicine made by salicylic acid interacting with acetic anhydride.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is a white crystalline powder, odorless, stable in dry air.
It will be slowly hydrolyzed to be salicylic acid and acetic acid in moist air, and aqueous solution has acidic reaction.
Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, chloroform, sodium hydroxide solution and sodium carbonate solution.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has antipyretic analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatism effect, that’s why it is often used for fever, headache, muscle pain, neuralgia, rheumatic fever, acute rheumatic arthritis, gout, etc.; also it has antiplatelet aggregation effect, and can be used for prevention of arterial thrombosis, atherosclerosis, transient cerebral ischemia and myocardial infarction; in addition, acetylsalicylic acid also can be used in the treatment of biliary tract roundworm disease and athlete's foot.
O-Acetylsalicylic acidd is one of the traditional antipyretic analgesics, as well as the role of platelet aggregation.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid in the body has the characteristics of the antithrombotic, can reduce the formation of obstructive blood clots in surrounding arteries, and inhibit release of platelet response and endogenous ADP, 5-HT, etc., therefore to inhibit second phase other than the first phase of platelet aggregation.
The mechanism of action of acetylsalicylic acid is to make platelets cyclooxygenase acetylation, thus inhibiting the formation of ring peroxide, and TXA2 formation is also reduced as well.
At the mean time make the platelet membrane protein acetylation, and inhibit platelet membrane enzyme, which helps to inhibit platelet function.
As the cyclooxygenase is inhibited, it impacts blood vessel wall synthesized to be PGI2, the platelet TXA2 synthetic enzymes also to be inhibited; so it would impact formation of both TXA2 and PGI2 when it is large doses. Suitable for ischemic heart disease, after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting, prevent transient ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction and reduce the incidence of arrhythmia.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is an acetylated phenolic compound derived from salicylic acid.
The acetylation reaction modifies the phenolic hydroxyl group of salicylic acid while preserving the carboxylic acid functionality.
This structural change alters its physicochemical properties and biological activity.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid belongs to the aromatic carboxylic acid family.
The molecule contains a benzene ring directly substituted with a carboxylic acid group.
Aromatic carboxylic acids are characterized by their acidity, resonance stabilization, and characteristic reactivity.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has resonance-stabilized functional groups.
The carboxylate form is stabilized through electron delocalization across oxygen atoms.
This resonance contributes to its acidic behavior and chemical stability.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has a molecular structure that allows intramolecular interactions.
The relative arrangement of the acetoxy and carboxylic acid groups permits specific spatial interactions.
These interactions influence molecular conformation and crystal organization.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid exists in several possible conformations due to rotation around single bonds.
Rotation of the ester and carboxylic acid groups allows different molecular arrangements.
The preferred conformation depends on intermolecular forces and crystal packing.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has strong intermolecular association in the crystalline state.
Carboxylic acid groups commonly form dimeric hydrogen-bond structures.
These molecular associations contribute to its solid-state stability.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has low water solubility because of its aromatic hydrophobic region.
The benzene ring limits interaction with water molecules.
The ionization of the carboxylic acid group significantly improves solubility at higher pH values.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid can form salts with alkaline compounds.
Reaction with bases produces acetylsalicylate salts that generally show improved aqueous solubility.
Salt formation is an important strategy in pharmaceutical chemistry.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid undergoes hydrolysis more readily than salicylic acid because of its ester group.
The acetyl ester bond introduces a chemically reactive site.
Hydrolysis produces salicylic acid and acetic acid as degradation products.
Melting point: 134–136 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 272.96 °C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.35
Refractive index: 1.4500 (estimate)
Flash point: 250 °C
Storage temperature: 2–8 °C
Solubility: H₂O: 10 mg/mL at 37 °C
Form: Crystalline
Color: White
pKa: 3.5 (at 25 °C)
Biological source: Synthetic
Water solubility: 3.3 g/L (20 °C)
Extinction coefficient (ε):
190 at 298 nm in aqueous base (1 mM)
409 at 231 nm in aqueous base (1 mM)
466 at 230 nm in aqueous acid (1 mM)
68 at 278 nm in aqueous acid (1 mM)
Merck: 14,851
BRN: 779271
Henry's Law constant: 7.6 × 10³ mol/(m³·Pa) at 25 °C
Exposure limits: PC-TWA: 5 mg/m³
BCS class: 3
Stability: Stable. Keep dry. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong acids, iodides, iron salts, quinine salts, and various other compounds.
Cosmetics ingredients functions:
Exfoliating
InChI: 1S/C9H8O4/c1-6(10)13-8-5-3-2-4-7(8)9(11)12/h2-5H,1H3,(H,11,12)
InChIKey: BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: CC(=O)Oc1ccccc1C(O)=O
LogP: 1.190
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is also known by several alternative names, including acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, and salicylic acid acetate.
These names describe the same chemical compound and reflect its structure as an acetylated derivative of salicylic acid.
The name “acetylsalicylic acid” indicates the presence of an acetyl group attached to salicylic acid.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has the chemical structure of a substituted benzoic acid derivative.
The molecule consists of a benzene ring containing two functional groups: a carboxylic acid group and an acetoxy group.
The relative position of these groups on the aromatic ring influences its chemical properties.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid contains three oxygen-containing functional groups.
These include one carboxylic acid group and two oxygen atoms within the ester functionality.
The oxygen-rich structure contributes to its polarity and hydrogen-bonding behavior.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has a planar aromatic structure.
The benzene ring and attached functional groups allow partial conjugation of electrons.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid arrangement contributes to molecular stability and influences crystal packing.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid forms hydrogen bonds in the solid state.
The carboxylic acid groups can form strong intermolecular hydrogen-bonded networks between molecules.
These interactions contribute to its crystalline structure and melting behavior.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has a melting point of approximately 135–136 °C.
The melting behavior is influenced by molecular packing, purity, and intermolecular interactions.
Decomposition may occur when exposed to unsuitable conditions.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is relatively stable under dry storage conditions.
Protection from excessive humidity, heat, and incompatible chemicals helps maintain its chemical integrity.
Moisture exposure can accelerate hydrolysis of the ester bond.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is sensitive to moisture because the acetyl ester group can hydrolyze.
Water can break the ester bond, producing salicylic acid and acetic acid.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is responsible for the characteristic vinegar-like odor that may develop in aged aspirin products.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid degradation is accelerated by heat and alkaline conditions.
Higher temperatures increase hydrolysis rates, while basic environments promote ester cleavage.
Proper storage conditions are important for maintaining purity.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid can undergo esterification and substitution reactions because of its functional groups.
The carboxylic acid group can participate in reactions with alcohols and amines.
The ester group can undergo hydrolysis or chemical modification.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has a pKa value of approximately 3.5.
This indicates that it behaves as a weak acid and partially ionizes in aqueous environments.
The ionization state affects solubility, absorption, and chemical behavior.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid exists mainly in a non-ionized form under strongly acidic conditions.
At higher pH values, the carboxyl group becomes increasingly deprotonated.
This pH-dependent behavior influences its interaction with biological membranes.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has moderate lipophilicity due to its aromatic ring and acetyl group.
Its balance between hydrophobic and polar characteristics allows interaction with biological tissues.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid property contributes to its absorption and distribution characteristics.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid can cross biological membranes because of its molecular size and chemical properties.
The non-ionized form is more capable of passive diffusion through lipid membranes.
Absorption behavior depends strongly on pH and formulation conditions.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid undergoes hydrolysis after absorption into the body.
The acetyl ester bond is cleaved by esterases, producing salicylic acid and acetate-related metabolites.
Salicylic acid contributes significantly to many of the biological effects associated with aspirin.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has irreversible enzyme-modifying activity.
Unlike many reversible inhibitors, it permanently modifies cyclooxygenase enzymes through acetylation.
This explains why its effects on platelets persist longer than its presence in blood.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid inhibits prostaglandin and thromboxane biosynthesis.
By blocking cyclooxygenase activity, it reduces the conversion of arachidonic acid into inflammatory signaling molecules.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid biochemical pathway explains many of its physiological effects.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been studied extensively as a model pharmaceutical compound.
O-Acetylsalicylic acids synthesis, purification, crystallization, degradation, and biological activity are frequently used examples in chemistry and pharmaceutical education.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid can be characterized using several analytical techniques.
Common methods include Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
O-Acetylsalicylic acid shows characteristic FTIR absorption bands related to its functional groups.
The ester carbonyl, carboxylic acid carbonyl, and C–O stretching vibrations provide identifiable spectral signals.
FTIR analysis is commonly used for structural confirmation and purity assessment.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid exhibits characteristic NMR signals from aromatic and acetyl groups.
The proton and carbon environments of the benzene ring, carboxylic acid, and methyl group provide information about molecular structure.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is widely used for detailed chemical identification.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid crystallizes in a well-defined molecular arrangement.
Crystal packing is influenced by hydrogen bonding and aromatic interactions.
Different crystallization conditions can affect particle size and physical properties.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been an important compound in the development of modern pharmaceutical chemistry.
Its synthesis demonstrated how chemical modification of natural compounds can create therapeutically valuable molecules.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid remains a classic example of structure–function relationships in medicinal chemistry.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid continues to be one of the most studied organic pharmaceutical molecules because of its well-defined chemistry, biological activity, and historical importance.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid stability depends strongly on environmental humidity.
Water molecules can participate in ester cleavage reactions.
Humidity control is important during manufacturing and storage.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid may undergo photochemical degradation under prolonged light exposure.
Light energy can promote chemical changes in organic molecules.
Protection from excessive light may help maintain chemical stability.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has an absorption spectrum associated with its aromatic structure.
The conjugated benzene ring allows interaction with ultraviolet light.
UV spectroscopy can be used for quantitative analysis and purity evaluation.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid can participate in oxidation reactions under strong oxidative conditions.
The aromatic ring and oxygen-containing groups may undergo chemical transformation.
Oxidative degradation pathways depend on reaction conditions.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid can form degradation products during improper storage.
The primary degradation product is salicylic acid, accompanied by acetic acid formation.
The presence of these products indicates hydrolytic decomposition.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has a characteristic relationship between structure and biological activity.
The acetyl group is essential for its ability to modify cyclooxygenase enzymes.
Small structural changes in salicylate molecules can significantly alter biological effects.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid acts through covalent modification of biological targets.
O-Acetylsalicylic acids acetyl group forms a stable bond with specific amino acid residues in enzymes.
This mechanism distinguishes it from many reversible drug inhibitors.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid affects inflammatory signaling pathways through arachidonic acid metabolism.
Cyclooxygenase enzymes normally convert arachidonic acid into prostaglandin precursors.
Blocking this pathway reduces the formation of several inflammatory mediators.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has different effects depending on concentration and exposure conditions.
Low concentrations and higher concentrations can influence different biochemical pathways.
Dose-dependent behavior is an important characteristic of aspirin pharmacology.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal system.
Absorption depends on formulation, stomach conditions, intestinal environment, and chemical ionization state.
The molecule is distributed through the bloodstream after absorption.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is converted into salicylate metabolites after enzymatic cleavage.
The ester bond is hydrolyzed by esterases in blood and tissues.
Salicylate metabolism occurs mainly through liver pathways.
Uses:
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is the raw material for rodenticide intermediates 4-hydroxycoumarin.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is used to make outdoor structural members and equipment parts exposed in highlights, such as the automobile body, agricultural machinery parts, meters and electric lamps, road marking, etc.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is the earliest applied, the most popular and the most common antipyretic analgesics anti-rheumatism medicine, has aspects of pharmacological effects as antipyretic-analgesic and anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation and works quickly and effectively. Overdosage can be easily diagnosed and treated, with rare allergic reactions.
Often used to cold fever, headache, neuralgia, joint ache, muscle pain, rheumatic fever, acute wet sex arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and toothache, etc.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid also works as an intermediate of other medicines.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is the prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain.
Acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been widely used as an analgesic (pain-relieving) pharmaceutical compound.
It reduces mild to moderate pain by decreasing the production of prostaglandins involved in pain signaling.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has historically been used for conditions associated with headaches, muscle pain, dental pain, and general discomfort.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent.
By inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes and reducing prostaglandin synthesis, it decreases inflammatory responses in tissues.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid anti-inflammatory properties have contributed to its importance among non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as an antipyretic (fever-reducing) compound.
It lowers elevated body temperature by reducing prostaglandin-mediated regulation of the hypothalamic temperature center.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid property has made it historically important in fever management.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as an antiplatelet agent in cardiovascular medicine.
It inhibits platelet cyclooxygenase activity and reduces thromboxane A₂ formation.
This decreases platelet aggregation and influences blood clot formation pathways.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used for cardiovascular risk management under medical supervision.
Low-dose formulations are used in certain patients to reduce the risk of thrombotic cardiovascular events.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid long-lasting platelet effects result from irreversible enzyme acetylation.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in the prevention of certain blood-clot-related complications.
Its ability to reduce platelet activation makes it important in specific clinical situations involving abnormal clot formation.
Use requires careful evaluation because of bleeding risks.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in pharmaceutical formulations including tablets, capsules, and coated dosage forms.
Different formulations are developed to control dissolution rate, stability, absorption, and gastrointestinal tolerance.
Enteric coatings are commonly used to delay dissolution until reaching the intestine.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in combination pharmaceutical products.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid can be formulated with other active ingredients to provide multiple therapeutic effects.
Combination products require careful control of chemical compatibility and stability.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as a reference compound in pharmaceutical research.
Its well-characterized structure and biological activity make it useful for studying drug mechanisms, metabolism, and formulation science.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid serves as a model molecule in medicinal chemistry.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in biochemical research to investigate cyclooxygenase enzyme mechanisms.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid irreversible acetylation of COX enzymes provides an important example of covalent enzyme modification.
This mechanism is widely studied in pharmacology and molecular biology.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in research on prostaglandin and thromboxane pathways.
It helps scientists understand inflammatory signaling, platelet activation, and vascular biology.
These studies contribute to the development of new anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular drugs.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as a teaching compound in organic chemistry laboratories.
The synthesis of aspirin from salicylic acid demonstrates esterification reactions, purification, recrystallization, and analytical characterization.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is one of the most common examples used in chemistry education.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as a model compound for ester hydrolysis studies.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid conversion into salicylic acid and acetic acid provides a practical example of ester bond cleavage.
It is frequently studied in reaction kinetics and pharmaceutical stability research.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in analytical chemistry as a standard reference material.
Techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), and mass spectrometry use aspirin for identification and quantification studies.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in pharmaceutical quality-control research.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is analyzed to determine purity, degradation products, active ingredient concentration, and storage stability.
These studies help ensure consistency and safety of pharmaceutical products.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in studies of drug delivery systems.
Researchers investigate improved formulations to control release, enhance stability, and optimize absorption.
Different delivery approaches include modified-release and targeted formulations.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in surface chemistry and materials research as an organic molecule model.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid aromatic ring and oxygen-containing functional groups make it useful for studying molecular interactions and adsorption behavior.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as a precursor or starting material in chemical research.
Its functional groups allow further chemical modification to produce related aromatic compounds.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid serves as an example of how pharmaceutical molecules can be chemically transformed.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in studies of molecular structure–activity relationships.
Researchers compare aspirin with related salicylate compounds to understand how functional groups influence biological activity.
These studies support the design of improved therapeutic molecules.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used historically as one of the most important synthetic pharmaceutical compounds.
Its development demonstrated the value of modifying naturally occurring molecules to create effective medicines.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid remains a landmark compound in the history of medicinal chemistry.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in studies of inflammatory disease mechanisms.
Because it affects prostaglandin production, it serves as a valuable compound for investigating pathways involved in inflammation, immune responses, and tissue signaling.
Researchers use it as a reference molecule when comparing new anti-inflammatory agents.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as a comparative standard in NSAID research.
Its well-established mechanism allows scientists to compare the effectiveness, selectivity, and safety profiles of newer anti-inflammatory compounds.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid remains one of the benchmark molecules in pharmacological studies.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in platelet biology research.
Its ability to inhibit thromboxane formation makes it useful for studying platelet activation, aggregation, and blood coagulation mechanisms.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid helps researchers understand the relationship between enzyme inhibition and cardiovascular effects.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in studies of cardiovascular pharmacology.
Researchers investigate its effects on vascular pathways, platelet signaling, and interactions with other cardiovascular medications.
These studies contribute to improved understanding of antiplatelet therapies.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in pharmacokinetic studies.
Scientists examine its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination characteristics in biological systems.
These studies provide information about dose behavior and drug interactions.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in toxicology research.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid serves as a model compound for studying dose-dependent biological effects, metabolism, and adverse reactions associated with salicylate compounds.
Toxicological studies help define safe exposure limits.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in drug metabolism studies.
Researchers investigate the conversion of aspirin into salicylic acid and other metabolites.
Understanding these pathways is important for evaluating therapeutic effects and safety.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in studies of enzyme inhibition mechanisms.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid irreversible acetylation of cyclooxygenase enzymes provides an important example of covalent enzyme modification.
This mechanism is studied in biochemical and pharmaceutical research.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as a model molecule for controlled-release formulations.
Because its activity and degradation pathways are well characterized, it is frequently used to evaluate drug-release technologies.
Researchers study coatings, polymers, and delivery systems designed to control release behavior.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in enteric coating development research.
Scientists investigate coatings that protect the compound from premature dissolution in acidic environments.
These studies help improve pharmaceutical stability and delivery performance.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in pharmaceutical crystallization studies.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid ability to form well-defined crystals makes it useful for investigating crystal growth, polymorphism, and particle engineering.
Crystal structure can influence dissolution rate and formulation properties.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in solid-state pharmaceutical research.
Studies examine its crystal packing, thermal behavior, moisture sensitivity, and interactions with excipients.
These properties are important for drug manufacturing and storage.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in formulation compatibility studies.
Researchers evaluate its interactions with fillers, binders, coatings, and other pharmaceutical ingredients.
Compatibility testing helps maintain product stability.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in pharmaceutical analytical method development.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is frequently selected for validating chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques because its degradation pathways are well known.
These methods are important for quality assurance.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in chemical kinetics experiments.
Its hydrolysis reaction provides a practical example for studying reaction rates, temperature effects, and catalyst influence.
It is commonly used in laboratory demonstrations of ester chemistry.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in organic synthesis education.
The preparation of aspirin demonstrates fundamental concepts including ester formation, purification, yield calculation, and structural confirmation.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid remains one of the most frequently performed undergraduate chemistry experiments.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used as a model aromatic ester compound.
Its structure allows researchers to investigate ester reactivity, aromatic substitution effects, and acid–base behavior.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is useful for studying relationships between molecular structure and chemical properties.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid has been used in computational chemistry studies.
Molecular modeling methods are applied to investigate electronic structure, molecular interactions, conformations, and reaction pathways.
These studies support understanding of its chemical behavior.
Safety Profile:
Poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, and possibly other routes.
Human systemic effects by ingestion: acute pulmonary edema, body temperature increase, changes in kidney tubules, coma, constipation, dehydration, hematuria, hepatitis, nausea or vomiting, respiratory stimulation, somnolence, tinnitus, decreased urine volume.
A human teratogen. Human reproductive effects by ingestion and possibly other routes: menstrual cycle changes, parturition, various effects on newborn including Apgar score, developmental abnormalities of the cardlovascular and respiratory systems.
Experimental animal reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported.
An allergen; skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion can cause asthma, sneezing, irritation of eyes and nose, hves, and eczema.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid is generally considered a moderately hazardous pharmaceutical chemical when handled appropriately, but excessive exposure or improper use can cause harmful effects.
Its hazards are mainly associated with ingestion at high doses, dust exposure, allergic reactions, gastrointestinal effects, and chemical handling risks.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid may cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract.
Contact with aspirin powder or dust may cause temporary irritation, redness, discomfort, or watering of the eyes.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid appropriate protective equipment should be used during laboratory or industrial handling.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid dust may cause respiratory irritation.
Inhalation of airborne particles generated during weighing, grinding, or processing may irritate the nose, throat, and lungs.
Workplaces handling large quantities should use suitable ventilation and dust-control measures.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.
Direct contact with concentrated powder or solutions may result in dryness, redness, or discomfort.
Repeated exposure may increase sensitivity in some individuals.
O-Acetylsalicylic acid may cause allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.
Some people may experience hypersensitivity reactions to aspirin or related salicylate compounds.
Symptoms may include skin reactions, breathing difficulties, or other immune responses requiring medical attention.
