PRODUCTS

POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer, diffusion agent and fiber lubricant.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as O/W food emulsifier, used alone or mixed with Span-60, Span-65, Span-80.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as stabilizer, wetting agent, diffuser, antistatic agent, etc.

CAS Number: 9005-66-7
EC Number: 618-421-9
Molecular Formula: Commonly represented as C62H122O26 (approximate/polymeric composition)
Molecular Weight: Approximately 1228 g/mol (variable because it is a mixture/polymeric surfactant)

SYNONYMS:
Polysorbate 40, Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monopalmitate, STI11B5A2X, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, Sorbimacrogol palmitate 300, CHEBI:53423, Crill 7, Crillet 2, Durfax 60, Emsorb 6910, Ethoxylated sorbitan monopalmitate, Glycosperse p-20, Nissan Nonion PT-221, Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyethylene glycol-sorbitan monopalmitate adduct, Sorbitan monopalmitate polyethylene glycol ether, Sorbitan polyethoxy monopalmitate, Sorbitan, monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene derivs, CCRIS 701, E-434, HSDB 1928, INS NO.434, INS-434, POLYSORBATE 40 (EP MONOGRAPH), POLYSORBATE 40 (II), POLYSORBATE 40 (MART.), POLYSORBATE 40 (USP-RS), Polyethylene glycol (80) sorbitan monopalmitatey, Radiasurf 7145, SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE, POLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL) DERIVS, Sorbitan, monopalmitate polyoxyethylene deriv., UNII-4NR71FN0IA, UNII-STI11B5A2X, E434, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, Tween 40, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate (IUPAC), Sorbitan monohexedecanoate, E 434, Polysorbate 40, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, Polysorbate 20, Polyoxyethylene (20) Sorbitan Monolaurate, Glycosperse L-20X, Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monolaurate, Polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate, TWEEN® 20, PEG(20)sorbitan monolaurate, TWEEN 40, POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE, TWEEN NO 40, PEG-80 SORBITAN PALMITATE, Tween 40 (=Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate), crill7, crillet2, durfax60, emsorb6910, TWEEN(R) 40, RefChem:1096506, C26H50O10, UNII-4NR71FN0IA, UNII-STI11B5A2X, 4NR71FN0IA, CCRIS 701, HSDB 1928, HMFKFHLTUCJZJO-OQUNMALSSA-N, MFCD00165345, 2-[(2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)oxolan-2-yl]-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl dodecanoate, Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monopalmitatey, 2-[(2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl dodecanoate, TWEEN 40;POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE, TWEEN NO 40;PEG-80 SORBITAN PALMITATE, Tween 40 (=Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate), crill7, durfax60, crillet2, emsorb6910, TWEEN(R) 40, hetsorb p-20, 2-[2-[3,4-bis(2- hydroxyethoxy)oxolan-2-yl]-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl dodecanoate, kaopan TW-P-120, liposorb p-20, lonzest SMP-20, monebatt - 40, poe-20 sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, rheodol TW-P120, sorbimacrogol palmitate 300, tween 40, Sorbitan,monohexadecanoate,poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)derivs., Sorbitan, monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene derivs., Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, Polysorbate 40,Tween 40,Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyethylene glycol-sorbitan monopalmitate adduct,Ethoxylated sorbitan monopalmitate,Sorbitan polyethoxy monopalmitate,Tween 16:0,Sorbimacrogol palmitate 300, Nissan Nonion PT 221,Durfax 60,Crill 7,Emsorb 6910,Glycosperse P 20,Sorbitan monopalmitate polyethylene glycol ether,Lonzest SMP 20,MP 55F,Montanox 40,Nikkol TP 10,Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monohexadecanoate,Rheodol TW-P 120,Sorbon T 40,Crillet 2,Polyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate,Emulgen TWP 120,Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monohexadecanoate,Rheodol TW-P 120V,E 434,TP 10EX,Rheodol Super TW-P 120,Nikkol TP 10V,Nikkol TP 10EX,Kotilen P 1,Polyoxyethylene sorbitol monopalmitate,Kolliphor PS 40,118955-40-1,1340-84-7,9015-58-1, Sorbitan,monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene derivs. (8CI),Crill 7,Crillet 2,Durfax 60,E434,Emsorb 6910, Emulgen TWP 120,Ethoxylated sorbitan monopalmitate,Glycosperse P 20,Lonzest SMP 20,MP 55F,Montanox 40,Nikkol TP 10,NissanNonion PT 221,Polysorbate 40,Rheodol Super TW-P 120,Rheodol TW-P 120,Rheodol TW-P 120V,Sorbimacrogolpalmitate 300,Sorbon T 40,TP 10EX,Tween 16:0,Tween 40

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a nonionic surfactant used as an emulsifier.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is soluble in water and its addition to a product makes it more fluid.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a valuable emulsifier and stabilizer in the food industry, contributing to the quality, consistency, and shelf life of various products.

Its ability to improve texture, maintain consistency, and extend shelf life makes Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate an invaluable ingredient in a wide range of food products.
Understanding the science and applications of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate enables manufacturers to reap its benefits, ensuring their products meet high quality standards and consumer satisfaction.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, also often referred to as E434 or polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, is a synthetic substance that is often used primarily in the food industry, but also in pharmaceutical and cosmetic production.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a foreign substance that is added to foodstuffs purposely with the intention of achieving desired properties.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate belongs to the group of emulsifiers, i.e. substances that increase the stability of mixtures of immiscible parts.

As a result, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps to maintain a uniform consistency and appearance of products.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, also known as Tween 40, the full name polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, 40 means monopalmitate.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is an emulsifier and stabiliser in food with the European food additive number E434.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono-and dianhydrides with edible palmitic acid and condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is also identified as food additive E434.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate's surfactant properties improve wetting, spreading, and dispersion performance.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, or Tween 40, scientifically known as polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, is an important additive widely used in the food industry, famous for its role as an emulsifier and surfactant.
As part of the polysorbate family, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate shares many functional properties with its relatives, such as Polysorbate 20 and Polysorbate 80.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate acts as non-ionic solubilizer, surfactant, emulsifier, co-solvent and wetting agent.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a mixture of palmitate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, consisting predominantly of the monoester, condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is an ethoxylated sorbitan ester widely used in personal care products.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a yellow to amber liquid

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a polymer composed of PEG-ylated sorbitan, where the total number of poly(ethylene glycol) units is 20 (w + x + y + z = 20) and a single terminal is capped by a palmitoyl group.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a potent surfactant used in cosmetics to aid the mixing of oil- and water-based ingredients.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate also prevents the separation of different ingredients in a formulation and thus maintains product efficacy.
While having little direct impact on skin and hair health, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate works miraculously in the background to hold everything together in a product.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate may sometimes function as a mild conditioning and anti-static agent as well.

Also called polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate appears as a yellow to orange viscous liquid in its raw form.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate has the molecular formula C62H122O26.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a light white powder emulsifier with the chemical formulation C62H122O26 and a molecular weight of 1283.82 GR/MOL.

USES and APPLICATIONS of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
In pharmaceuticals and food technology, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as a wetting agent , solubilizer, oil-in-water emulsifier , and foam stabilizer.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is approved in the EU as a food additive (number E 434 ) for certain foods in quantities of up to five grams per kilogram, and in shortening up to ten grams per kilogram.
The permitted daily intake is 10 milligrams per kilogram of body weight for all polysorbates combined.

For the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, particularly pure qualities are required, which are specified in pharmacopoeias .
Different with other polysorbates, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is approved as an indirect emulsifier instead of a direct food additive by the FDA.
That makes Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used less in food in the USA.

However, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate can be used as a direct food additive and its safety has been re-evaluated in 2015 by EFSA and JECFA.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate's food uses are listed together with other polysorbates: polysorbate 20 (E432), 60(E435), 65(E436) and 80(E433).
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is also used as an emulsifier or surfactant to help mix oil and water in cosmetics and personal care products.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate belongs to a family of ethoxylated sorbitan esters.
The “40” designation refers to the approximate degree of ethoxylation and fatty acid composition.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is more hydrophilic than some lower polysorbates and therefore performs particularly well in oil-in-water emulsions.

Because Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a polymeric mixture rather than a single pure molecule, molecular formula and molecular weight values can vary depending on manufacturing specifications and average ethoxylation degree.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate demonstrates excellent compatibility with alcohols, glycols, esters, and many surfactant systems.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is frequently selected in formulations requiring clarity, stability, and efficient solubilization of oils into aqueous systems.

Uses of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate: Emulsifiers, Cosmetics, Topical medications, Surfactants, Dispersing agents, Defoamers, Oral and parenteral medicatons.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer, diffusion agent and fiber lubricant.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as O/W food emulsifier, used alone or mixed with Span-60, Span-65, Span-80.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as stabilizer, wetting agent, diffuser, antistatic agent, etc.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as an emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer, diffusant, fiber lubricant, etc.
Synthetic food additive with emulsifying and flavoring role.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitateis also used as a solvent for other food additives.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used in fine bakery products, sauces, desserts, confectioneries, fat emulsions for pastry, instant soups, ice, dietetic foods for body weight control.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is not recommended for vegetarians, because it can come from animal fats.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is mainly used in ice cream, sauces and dressings, baked goods, desserts, confectionery, as well as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
In the food industry, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is mainly used as a stabiliser to prevent the separation of mixtures such as fat and water.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate also prolongs the shelf life of food and improves its appearance.

Despite its synthetic origin, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is considered a safe additive.
However, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate should be taken into account that some studies have linked this substance to a possible negative effect on the digestive system.
In cosmetics, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is mainly used for its ability to improve the consistency and distribution of other ingredients in the product.

In pharmaceuticals, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as a component of carriers for medicinal substances.
Industrial Applications of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate: Industrial uses include: Textile processing, Lubricants, Paint dispersions, Agricultural formulations, Cleaning products, Polymer processing,
Uses of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate: Pharmaceutic aid (surfactant)Note—Graphic formula same as for Polysorbate 20, except that R is (C15H31)COO.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is an emulsifier and stabilizer of essential oils in water.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is also a detergent and employed in a variety of cleansing and moisturizing preparations.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a non-ionic surfactant used as an inner antistatic agent.

Applications of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate: Skin care products, cleansing products, hair care products
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a significant additive widely used in the food industry, renowned for its role as an emulsifier and surfactant.
Part of the polysorbate family, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate shares many functional properties with its relatives such as Polysorbate 20 and Polysorbate 80.

As a dispersing agent, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate widely used ingredient helps distribute pigments and active ingredients evenly.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as an emulsifier in the food sector, as well as in cosmetics, detergents, and many other industrial fields.
Like all emulsifiers, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is an additive that creates oil-water or water-oil phases and provides emulsion within these products.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used in varying proportions in food products such as mayonnaise, sauces, cream fats, beer, and malt.

-Cosmetics and Personal Care uses of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is widely used in cosmetic and skincare products because it helps combine oil and water ingredients into smooth and stable formulations.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is commonly found in:
*Creams
*Lotions
*Facial cleansers
*Shampoos
*Conditioners
*Makeup removers
*Sunscreens
*Serums
*Perfumes
*Hair products
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps distribute fragrances, pigments, oils, and active ingredients evenly throughout the product.

-Pharmaceutical Industry uses of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate:
In pharmaceutical formulations, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate functions as:
*Emulsifier
*Solubilizer
*Stabilizer
*Wetting agent

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used in:
*Injectable medicines
*Oral liquids
*Topical creams
*Ointments
*Vitamin preparations
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate improves the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs and enhances formulation stability.

-Food Industry uses of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is approved in certain food applications as an emulsifier and stabilizer.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps improve texture, consistency, and shelf life in products such as:
*Desserts
*Ice cream
*Bakery products
*Beverage emulsions
*Sauces
*Toppings

-Distribution uses of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate:
Flavorings and Colorings:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate improves product quality and appearance by ensuring even distribution of flavorings and colorings in beverages and confectionery.
Moisture Retention:
Processed Meats:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps retain moisture in processed meats, improving texture and preventing dryness.

-Cosmetics Industry uses of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate:
Emulsification:
Lotions and Creams:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps blend oil- and water-based ingredients, creating stable and homogeneous emulsions.

Hair Care Products:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used in shampoos and conditioners to stabilize formulations and improve texture.

Stabilization:
Cosmetic Creams:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate provides a smooth and stable consistency in various creams and lotions, preventing separation and maintaining product integrity.

WHAT IS POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE USED FOR?
Food Industry
*Emulsification:
Ice Cream and Frozen Desserts:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps create a smooth and creamy texture by preventing the formation of ice crystals.

Salad Dressings and Sauces:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate stabilizes oil and water mixtures, preventing separation and maintaining a consistent texture.

*Stabilization:
Whipped Toppings and Creams:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate protects the structure of whipped products, preventing them from collapsing and providing a light, airy texture.

Baked Goods:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate improves the consistency and shelf life of baked goods by retaining moisture and preventing staleness.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate has numerous applications across various industries, including food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and textiles.
In food, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as an emulsifier in beverages, baked goods, and meat products.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is also used as a solvent for fat-soluble vitamins and as a stabilizer for dairy products.
In the cosmetics industry, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as an emulsifier and dispersant in lotions, creams, and ointments.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used as a surfactant for injectable formulations and as a wetting agent for tablets and capsules.
Additionally, in textile processing, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate can be used as a wetting agent, dispersant, and emulsifier for dyes and pigments.

WHAT IS POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE MADE OF?
The production of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate involves a series of chemical reactions that combine sorbitan, palmitic acid, and ethylene oxide.

Sorbitan:
Sorbitan is a derivative of sorbitol, a sugar alcohol that is commonly found in fruits and synthesized from glucose.
Sorbitol undergoes a dehydration process to form sorbitan.

Palmitic Acid:
Palmitic acid is a common saturated fatty acid found in both animals and plants.
It is named after the palm oil from which it was first isolated.
Palmitic acid is used in a variety of food and industrial products.

Ethylene Oxide:
Ethylene oxide is an organic compound used in the production of various chemicals.
It is a key building block in the manufacture of polyoxyethylene chains.
These components undergo esterification and ethoxylation to form the final product, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate's ability to stabilize emulsions and improve the texture and consistency of various products makes it a valuable ingredient in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

PROPERTIES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is an amber oily liquid.
Relative density: 1.05-1.10.
HLB value is 15.6.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is soluble in water, diluted acid, diluted alkalis, and most organic solvents, insoluble in vegetable oil.
It is also called Polysorbate-40.
Polysorbates are a class of emulsifiers used in some pharmaceuticals and food preparation.
They are often used in cosmetics to solubilize essential oils into water-based products.
Polysorbates are oily liquids derived from ethoxylated sorbitan (a derivative of sorbitol) esterified with fatty acids.
The number following the ‘polyoxyethylene’ part means the different -R group in the structure fomula.
Other polysorbate emulsifiers also have Polysorbate-60, Polysorbate-80.

WHAT IS POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE USED FOR?
1. Food Industry
*Emulsification:
Ice Cream and Frozen Desserts:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps create a smooth and creamy texture by preventing the formation of ice crystals.
Salad Dressings and Sauces:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate stabilizes oil and water mixtures, preventing separation and maintaining a consistent texture.

*Stabilization:
Whipped Toppings and Creams:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate maintains the structure of whipped products, preventing them from collapsing and ensuring a light, airy texture.
Bakery Products:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate improves the consistency and shelf life of baked goods by maintaining moisture and preventing staling.

*Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate uses in bread
Dispersion:
Flavorings and Colorants:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate ensures even distribution of flavorings and colorants in beverages and confectionery, enhancing product quality and appearance.

*Moisture Retention:
Processed Meats:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps retain moisture in processed meats, improving texture and preventing dryness.

2. Cosmetic Industry
*Emulsification:
Lotions and Creams:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps blend oil and water-based ingredients, creating stable and homogeneous emulsions.
Hair Care Products:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used in shampoos and conditioners to stabilize formulations and enhance texture.

*Stabilization:
Cosmetic Creams:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate ensures a smooth and stable consistency in various creams and lotions, preventing separation and maintaining product integrity.

IS POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE SAFE?
Yes, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is safe.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is widely used and generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and it is always good practice for consumers to check ingredient labels if they are monitoring their intake of food additives.
Manufacturers are required to list Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate on ingredient labels, usually under its common name or as E434 in Europe.

PRODUCTION of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
The esterification of sorbitol and its anhydrides ( sorbitan ) with palmitic acid produces sorbitan fatty acid esters .
These react with ethylene oxide in a polyaddition , forming polyoxyethylene bridges, to give polysorbate.

WHAT IS POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE USED FOR?
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a mild and non-irritating surfactant that is quite popular in the beauty industry.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate aids gentle yet effective cleansing of skin and hair by reducing surface tension - making it common in facial cleansers and shampoos.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate also provides a conditioning effect that feels smooth and non-greasy.
Inside a product, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate mixes oil- and water-based ingredients well and prevents their separation over time.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate also helps in the even distribution of pigments and active ingredients, especially in makeup.
In hair care products, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate acts as an anti-static agent and is a staple in conditioning products.
Additionally, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is commonly used in moisturizers, lotions, face washes, liquid foundations, mascaras, and body sprays.

ORIGIN of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is derived from sorbitol (a sugar alcohol) and palmitic acid (a fatty acid) via ethoxylation.
Sorbitol is first dehydrated to form sorbitan.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is then reacted with palmitic acid in the presence of a catalyst forming sorbitan palmitate.
This resulting compound undergoes ethoxylation to form Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is neutralized and purified before use in cosmetics.

WHAT DOES POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*EMULSIFYING
*SURFACTANT
*CLEANSING
*SMOOTHING
*MOISTURISING

SAFETY PROFILE of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is safe for use in cosmetics and well-tolerated when formulated within recommended concentrations.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is gentle on the skin and considered non-irritating and non-sensitizing.
Further, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is also non-comedogenic and can be used on oily skin.
If not formulated properly during ethoxylation, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate may contain 1,4-dioxane which is a potential carcinogen.
Patch testing is recommended before full application.

ALTERNATIVES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
*GLYCERYL STEARATES
*CETEARETH-20
*SORBITAN OLEATE

IS POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE SAFE?
Yes, it is safe.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is widely used and considered generally safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and it is always good practice for consumers to check ingredient labels if they are monitoring their food additive intake.
Manufacturers are generally required to list Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate on ingredient labels under its common name or, in Europe, as E434.

PRODUCTION PROCEDURES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
The production of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate typically involves esterifying sorbitol with lauric acid or oleic acid, followed by the addition of ethylene oxide.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate undergoes purification to ensure the final product meets international quality standards.

SOLUTION of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a useful chemical compound with a wide range of industrial applications.
Its emulsifying and stabilizing properties make Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate a valuable ingredient in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and textile industries.
The production and transportation of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate must be carried out according to strict quality and safety standards to ensure its quality and safety.
Overall, the use of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate has greatly contributed to industrial progress and convenience.

FUNCTION IN POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
An oil-in-water emulsifier, an ingredient that enables the formation of an emulsion.
An emulsion is a physicochemical compound created by combining (mixing) an aqueous phase with an oil phase.
Examples of cosmetic emulsions include creams, milks, and balms.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate also acts as a solubilizer, allowing the introduction of substances that are insoluble or sparingly soluble in water, such as fragrances, plant extracts, and fatty substances, into an aqueous solution.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a foaming agent that stabilizes and improves foam quality when mixed with anionic surfactants.

BENEFITS of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate offers several formulation advantages:
Excellent emulsification performance
Good solubilizing capability
Stable in many formulation systems
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate helps maintain uniform texture
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate improves product appearance
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate enhances dispersion of active ingredients
Compatible with many cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients
Mild and relatively low-irritation surfactant
Effective at low concentrations
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate improves shelf stability

USAGE of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Typical use level of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is 1-10%.
Add Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate to water phase of formulas.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is used for external use only.

PROPERTIES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Chemical Structure:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is derived from the esterification of sorbitan (a sorbitol derivative) with palmitic acid followed by ethoxylation with approximately 20 units of ethylene oxide.
This structure makes Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate a non-ionic surfactant effective in reducing surface tension between components.

Appearance:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is typically a viscous liquid or semi-solid ranging in color from yellow to amber.

Solubility:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is soluble in water, alcohol, and various organic solvents, making it versatile in different food formulations.

Stability:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate remains stable over a wide range of pH levels and temperatures, which is crucial for its performance in various food processing conditions.

WHAT IS POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE MADE OF?
The production of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate involves a series of chemical reactions combining sorbitan, palmitic acid, and ethylene oxide.

Sorbitan:
Sorbitan is a derivative of sorbitol, a sugar alcohol commonly found in fruits and synthesized from glucose.
Sorbitol undergoes a dehydration process to form sorbitan.

Palmitic Acid:
Palmitic acid is a common saturated fatty acid found in both animals and plants.
It takes its name from palm oil, where it was first isolated.
Palmitic acid is used in a variety of food and industrial products.

Ethylene Oxide:
Ethylene oxide is an organic compound used in the production of various chemicals.
It is a key building block in the production of polyoxyethylene chains.
These components undergo esterification and ethoxylation to form the final product, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate.
Its ability to stabilize emulsions and improve the texture and consistency of various products makes it a valuable ingredient in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

CHARACTERISTICS of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate has strong emulsifying and solubilizing properties.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate reduces surface tension between oil and water phases, allowing stable emulsions to form.
Because Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is nonionic, it remains relatively stable across a wide pH range and is compatible with many ionic ingredients.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is valued for its mildness, low irritation potential, and formulation flexibility.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is commonly used when formulators need to dissolve oils, fragrances, vitamins, or active compounds into water-based systems.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate also acts as a dispersing agent, stabilizer, wetting agent, and solubilizer.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate improves texture, consistency, spreadability, and product stability.

HOW IS POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE MADE?
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is made from the chemical reaction among sorbitol, palmitic acid and ethylene oxide.
The manufacturing process is similar to other polysorbates: 20, 60, and 80.

Palmitic acid
Palmitic acid and stearic acid are the most common saturated fatty acid found in animal fats & oils and plant oils.
Like other fatty acids, palmitic acid is also present in nature usually in the form of triglycerides.
The following are the natural sources high with palmitic acid:
*Palm oil
*Soybean oil
*Sunflower oil
*Butter
*Cheese
*Milk
*Meat
*cocoa butter
*Sorbitol
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is produced from d‐glucose which is commonly made from maize or tapioca.

PROPERTIES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Chemical Structure:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is derived from the esterification of sorbitan (a derivative of sorbitol) with palmitic acid, followed by ethoxylation with approximately 20 units of ethylene oxide.
This structure makes Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate a non-ionic surfactant, which is effective in reducing surface tension between ingredients.

Appearance:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is typically a yellow to amber-colored viscous liquid or semi-solid.

Solubility:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is soluble in water, alcohol, and various organic solvents, making it versatile for different food formulations.

Stability:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate remains stable over a wide range of pH levels and temperatures, which is crucial for its performance in diverse food processing conditions.
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a valuable emulsifier and stabilizer in the food industry, contributing to the quality, consistency, and shelf life of various products.
Its ability to enhance texture, maintain consistency, and extend shelf life makes Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate an invaluable ingredient in a wide range of food products.
Understanding the science and applications of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate allows manufacturers to leverage its benefits, ensuring their products meet high standards of quality and consumer satisfaction.

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Put 1 mol Span 40 into the reaction kettle, after heating and melting, add 50% sodium hydroxide as a catalyst with stirring, evacuate, depressurize dehydration, replace the air in the kettle with nitrogen after dehydration, and drive the air clean.
Pass in 20 mol of ethylene oxide for esterification reaction.
The esterification temperature is maintained at 160-180°C and the pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa.
After passing ethylene oxide, cool to about 90°C, adjust the acid value with glacial acetic acid, and the acid value is 1.5-2 mgKOH/g to complete the neutralization, and finally decolorize with hydrogen peroxide, cool and release the package to be the finished product, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate.

FINAL THOUGHTS of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate is a valuable emulsifier and stabilizer in the food industry, contributing to the quality, consistency, and shelf life of various products.
Its ability to enhance texture, maintain consistency, and extend shelf life makes Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate an invaluable ingredient in a wide range of food products.
Understanding the science and applications of Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate allows manufacturers to leverage its benefits, ensuring their products meet high standards of quality and consumer satisfaction.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
Physical State: Viscous liquid or semi-gel
Color: Yellow to orange
Odor: Faint characteristic odor
Texture: Sticky and viscous
Density: Approximately 1.08 g/cm³
Viscosity: High
Solubility in Water: Freely soluble
Solubility in Ethanol: Soluble
Solubility in Oils: Partially soluble

pH (1% solution): Approximately 5–8
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 15–17
Surface Activity: Excellent emulsifying and wetting ability
Chemical Type: Nonionic surfactant
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions
Oxidation Sensitivity: May slowly oxidize during prolonged storage
Compatibility: Compatible with many surfactants and formulation ingredients

Emulsification Ability: Excellent oil-in-water emulsifier
Dispersibility: High
Foaming Properties: Moderate foam generation
Biodegradability: Partially biodegradable
Hygroscopicity: Slightly hygroscopic
Flash Point: Relatively high
Reactivity: Low chemical reactivity under standard conditions
XLogP3-AA: 2.5

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 10
Rotatable Bond Count: 26
Exact Mass: 522.34039779 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 522.34039779 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 133 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 36
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 507

Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 4
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CBNumber: CB5739444

Molecular Formula: C12H18O11
Molecular Weight: 338.26472
MDL Number: MFCD00165345
Melting point: 0.1 °C
Boiling point: 797.89°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.083 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.47(lit.)
Flash point: >230 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.

Solubility: Miscible with water, with anhydrous ethanol, with ethyl acetate and with methanol, practically insoluble in fatty oils and in liquid paraffin.
Form: Viscous liquid
Specific Gravity: 1.090 (25/4℃)
Color: Light yellow to Yellow to Orange
Water Solubility: 100 g/L
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 15.6
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: SURFACTANT - CLEANSING
SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING

InChI: InChI=1/C12H18O11/c13-1-3(15)9-8(19)10(11(20)22-9)23-12-7(18)6(17)5(16)4(2-14)21-12/h3-7,9,12-19H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5+,6-,7+,9+,12/s3
InChIKey: MLSJBGYKDYSOAE-YRYTZYTINA-N
SMILES: OC1=C(OC2OC@HC@@HC@H[C@H]2O)C(=O)O[C@@H]1C@HO |&1:6,9,11,13,18,19,r|
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: PEG-80 SORBITAN PALMITATE (4NR71FN0IA)
POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE (STI11B5A2X)

EPA Substance Registry System: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (9005-66-7)
Cosmetics Info: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate
UNSPSC Code: 41116107
NACRES: NA.28
CAS: 9005-66-7
Molecular Formula: (C2H4O)w(C2H4O)x(C2H4O)z(C2H4O)yC22C42O6
InChI Key: DVRFSZFBSOKHQW-UHFFFAOYNA-N
SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCC(OCCO)C1OCC(OCCO)C1OCCO

MDL Number: MFCD00165345
Hydroxyl value: 89 to 105 mg KOH/g
Appearance (Color): Clear to hazy light yellow to dark yellow
Infrared spectrum: Conforms
Appearance (Form): Viscous liquid or paste
Acid value: =<3 mg KOH/g
Saponification value: 41 to 55 mg KOH/g
Formula: (C2H4O)w.(C2H4O)x.(C2H4O)y.(C2H4O)z.C22H42O6
Net Charge: 0

Average Mass: 578.784
Monoisotopic Mass: 578.40300
SMILES: [H][C@]1(C(COCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCO)OCC(OCCO)[C@H]1OCCO
InChI: InChI=1S/C30H58O10/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-28(34)38-23-22-35-24-26(36-19-16-31)30-29(39-21-18-33)27(25-40-30)37-20-17-32/h26-27,29-33H,2-25H2,1H3/t26?,27?,29-,30-/m1/s1
InChIKey: DVRFSZFBSOKHQW-VLVMVUJHSA-N
Physical state: viscous, liquid
Color: yellow

Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: > 113,00 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available

pH: No data available
Viscosity: Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available

Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Boiling Point: 797.89°C
Melting Point: 0.1°C

pH: 5 - 7
Solubility: Soluble in water
Viscosity: Medium
Other(deleted CASRN): 118955-40-1
FDA UNII: STI11B5A2X
XlogP3-AA: 2.50 (est)
Molecular Weight: 522.67650000

Formula: C26 H50 O10
Appearance: pale yellow to orange viscous liquid (est)
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.08300 @ 25.00 °C.
Refractive Index: 1.47000 @ 20.00 °C.
Flash Point: > 230.00 °F. TCC ( > 110.00 °C. )
Soluble in: alcohol, water,, methanol
ethyl acetate, acetone
water, 0.1365 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

Insoluble in: mineral oil
Molecular Weight: 338.26472
Exact Mass: 839.377136
EC Number: 500-018-3
HScode: 34021300
PSA: 133.14000
XLogP3: 7.22
Appearance: viscous liquid

Density: 1.10 g/cm3
Melting Point: 0.1 °C
Flash Point: >230 °F
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.47(lit.)
Water Solubility: H2O: 100 g/L
Storage Conditions: Store at RT.
Odor: Characteristic odor
Taste: Bitter
Chemical Name: Polyoxyethylene (20) Sorbitan Monopalmitate

INCI Name: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate
CAS Number: 9005-66-7
EC Number: 618-421-9
Molecular Formula: Commonly represented as C62H122O26 (approximate/polymeric composition)
Molecular Weight: Approximately 1228 g/mol (variable because it is a mixture/polymeric surfactant)
Chemical Family: Nonionic Surfactant
Appearance: Yellow to orange viscous liquid or semi-gel
Odor: Mild characteristic odor
Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol
HLB Value: Approximately 15–17
Ionic Character: Nonionic

FIRST AID MEASURES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available