POLYSORBATE 60

SYNONYMS
Sorbitan, monooctadecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs; Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monostearate; Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate; TWEEN 60; POLYSORBATE 60; polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate; 2-[(2R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)oxolan-2-yl]-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl octadecanoate; Polysorbic acid 60; PEG-60 sorbitan stearate; POE(20) sorbitan monostearate; Polyoxyethylene (60) sorbitan monostearate; Sorbomacrogol stearate 300; (2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-Bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)oxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl dodecanoic acid; e435; Hydrogen Peroxide; Nitrogen; Ethylene Oxide; Sodium Ethoxide; Stearic Acid; D-Sorbitol; Span 60; 1,4-anhydro-6-O-dodecanoyl-2,3-bis-O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-D-glucitol; Polyethylene Glycol Sorbitan Monostearate; Polysorbate 61; Polysorbatum 60; Polysorbate 60; Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monostearate; Polyoxyethylene(20) Sorbitan Monoisostearate; Polyoxyethylene (4) Sorbitan Monostearate; Tween(R) 60; Polysorbate 60; Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate; Sorbitan Monostearate Polyoxyethylene Derivs.; Admul T 60K; Ahco DFS 100; Ahco DFS 149; Armotan PMS 20; Atlas G 1036; Crill 8; Crill 9; Crill S 8; Crillet 3; Crillet 31; Disponil SMS 120F1; Drewpone 60; Durfax 60K; E 435; Emasol 3130; Emasol S 120V; Emerest 2654; Emsorb 6905; Emsorb 6906; Ethoxylated Sorbitan Monostearate; Ethsorbox S; Eumulgin SMS 20; Glycosperse S 20; Ionet T 60C; Kaopan TW-S 120; Kolliphor PS 60; Kotilen S 1; Lamesorb SMS 20; Lumisorb PSMS 20; MS 55F; Montanox 60; Montanox 60DF; Newcol 65; Nikkol TS 10; Nikkol TS 106;Nikkol TS 106V; Nikkol TS 10MV; Nikkol TS 10V; Nissan Nonion ST 202; Nissan Nonion ST 220; Nissan Nonion ST 221; Nissan Nonion STN 201.5; Nonio-light TWS 13; Nonion ST 220; Nonion ST 221; PEG Sorbitan Monostearate; Pegnol T 60; Pionin D 944; Polisorbac 80; Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60); polysorbate 60; Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monostearate; Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate; MDL 11,939; Polysorbate 20 (NF); Polysorbate 40 (NF); Tween 20; Polysorbate 60 (NF); polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; 2-[2-[3,4-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)oxolan-2-yl]-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl dodecanoate; Polysorbate; Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate (INN); Tween.(TM). 20; monododecanoate;

Polysorbate 60 or Tween 60, the full name polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate, is an ingredient made from sorbitol, stearic acid (C18) and ethylene oxide. It is primarily used as an emulsifier in food (the European food additive number E435) and a solubilizer & surfactant in cosmetics.. Like other polysorbates, the number 60 after polysorbate means the type of fatty acid, here is monostearate; the number 20 following polyoxyethylene indicates the total number of oxyethylene groups in the molecule structure. According to the FDA, polysorbate 60 is manufactured by reacting stearic acid with sorbitol to obtain sorbitan monostearate first and then condensed with ethylene oxide. As the commercial food grade stearic acid usually contains palmitic acid, so polysorbate 60 is a mixture of ethoxylated ethers of stearic and palmitic acid esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides and other related compounds. It is more lipophilic than polysorbate 20 and 40 due to the long length of the fatty acids – stearic acid, compared with other fatty acids, lauric acid (C14) and palmitic acid (C16) that linked to the polyoxyethylene sorbitan part of the molecule, respectively.Polysorbate 60 is a synthetic multi-ingredient that can be used as a surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer in food, cosmetics and personal care products.Polysorbate 60 helps water-based and oil-based ingredients blend easily and prevent their separation in food. Polysorbate 60 and 80 are mostly used in food among the category of polysorbates, but the latter is used more than 60 in food. As a high HLB emulsifier, its food grade can be blended with a low HLB emulsifier (e.g. sorbitan stearate, mono and diglycerides) to provide a suitable HLB value for the various food uses, either oil in water, or water in oil emulsion. Its general purpose in cosmetics is to mix water and oil together. Polysorbate 60 functions as a surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer and dispersing agent. Help wash away body dirties by lowering the surface tension on the skin when used in shampoos and body washes.Distribute essential oils, fragrances and colorants evenly in water.Polysorbate 60 may be safely used in food with multifunctions, such as an emulsifier, foaming agent, dough conditioner, dispersing agent, and surfactant & wetting agent.Super Refined Polysorbates solubilise and stabilise the most sensitive active ingredients across dosage forms including injectable and oral. Super Refining removes impurities (including primary and secondary oxidation products) from an excipient without altering its chemical composition, helping to reduce API interaction and degradation. The benefits of Super Refined Polysorbates over standard pharmaceutical polysorbates include: Better API stability and finished formulation integrity. Reduced potential for cellular irritation Improved taste profile when used in oral liquid dosage forms.Polysorbate 20 and the other Polysorbate ingredients (Polysorbate 21, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 61, Polysorbate 65, Polysorbate 65, Polysorbate 80, Polysorbate 81, Polysorbate 85) are a series of general purpose hydrophilic, nonionic surfactants. The Polysorbates are used in a variety of products including skin fresheners, skin care products, skin cleansing products, makeup bases and foundations, shampoos, permanent waves and fragrance powders.The Polysorbate ingredients help other ingredients to dissolve in a solvent in which they would not normally dissolve. They also help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.Polysorbates are surfactants that are produced by reacting the polyol, sorbitol, with ethylene oxide. The number in the name of the Polysorbate indicates the average number of moles of ethylene oxide that has been reacted per mole of sorbitol. The polyoxyethylenated sorbitan is then reacted with fatty acids obtained from vegetable fats and oils such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid. Polysorbates function to disperse oil in water as opposed to water in oil. Poly 60 is commonly used in flavors and other food products as well as cosmetics and personal care items. Polysorbate is an excellent choice to blend fat-based flavor components into a water-based emulsion type flavor.   Due to its very high HLB ratio, it helps water and oil-based ingredients blend and to prevent their separation.  It can also be used with low HLB ratio emulsifiers to assist with both oil in water and water in oil emulsions. Applications that require foaming, aeration, and blending of oils into water-based products are where polysorbate 60 excels.  Polysorbate 60 works great in cake batters to assist in aeration and also breads to create a silky smooth crumb.  Poly 60 is also commonly used in cake or buttercream type icings to assist with aeration and to help prevent water separation.The food additive polysorbate 60 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate) which is a mixture of polyoxyethylene ethers of mixed partial stearic and palmitic acid esters of sorbitol anhydrides and related compounds, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions. The food additive is manufactured by reacting stearic acid (usually containing associated fatty acids, chiefly palmitic) with sorbitol to yield a product with a maximum acid number of 10 and a maximum water content of 0.2 percent, which is then reacted with ethylene oxide. whereby the maximum amount of the additive or additives used does not exceed 0.4 percent of the weight of the finished whipped edible oil topping; except that a combination of the additive with sorbitan monostearate may be used in excess of 0.4 percent, provided that the amount of the additive does not exceed 0.77 percent and the amount of sorbitan monostearate does not exceed 0.27 percent of the weight of the finished whipped edible oil topping. When used alone, the maximum amount of polysorbate 60 shall not exceed 0.46 percent of the cake or cake mix, on a dry-weight basis. When used with polysorbate 65 and/or sorbitan monostearate, it shall not exceed 0.46 percent, nor shall the polysorbate 65 exceed 0.32 percent or the sorbitan monostearate exceed 0.61 percent, and no combination of these emulsifiers shall exceed 0.66 percent of the cake or cake mix, all calculated on a dry-weight basis.Polysorbates are a class of emulsifiers used in some pharmaceuticals and food preparation. They are non-ionic surfactants and emulsifiers derived from polyethoxylated sorbitan and stearic or oleic acid. Polysorbates are mainly used as a solubilizer, emulsifier or suspension stabilizer for pharmaceutical application.The choice of emulsifiers for specific applications depends on the desired properties of the formulation (i.e. stability, viscosity, skin feel and API), or on the desired processing technology (i.e. PIT, hot or cold processing).Besides the well known emulsifying process with two hot phases there is also the possibility to formulate an emulsion with a processing temperature at room temperature. The processing of O/W emulsions at room temperature has several significant benefits. For example, it is no longer necessary to heat the water and oil phase to 70-80 °C. This saves considerable amounts of energy and reduces the production time as the cooling step is eliminated. Another very important advantage is that head-sensitive APIs can be added to the emulsion at any point. Animal testing results are also found in the HSDB. They show that there were no reactions to mild irritations recorded when polysorbate 60 was used topically on the skin or even ingested.When the amount of polysorbate 60 began to reach high levels, especially in the diet, the animals experienced diarrhea, slowed growth, and damage to digestive tissues. The amounts given to animals were well beyond those levels that would be found in any person’s normal diet or beauty care regimen.While testing red cell growth hormones, two patients in the study showed adverse reactions. Further tests confirmed that the hypersensitivity was actually to polysorbate 80. Further testing needs to confirm these outcomes, as a wider range of subjects need to be tested.There are no reported instances of medical conditions created by the use of polysorbate 60, nor are there any reports of medical interactions with polysorbate 60 or other polysorbates.Polysorbate 60 is not a health supplement or needed as an ingredient in any form of home cooking or baking. It is a food additive that is found in many processed foods and beauty aids. Analytical methods have been developed for the determination of polysorbate 60 (Tween 60, Atlas Chemical Industries, Inc.) in several food products including baked bread and cake, cake mix, yeastraised doughnuts, shortening, foam-mat dried tomato paste and citrus fruit juices, dressings for salad, and potato flakes. Most of the methods involve extraction of the polysorbate 60 from the sample with a suitable solvent. In all cases the polysorbate polyol moiety is recovered, desalted by ion exchange and measured gravimetrically as the barium phosphomolybdate complex. The polysorbate 60 content of the sample is calculated using a gravimetric factor obtained by subjecting known amounts of polysorbate 60 to the same analytical procedure. Each method is designed to eliminate interferences from other constituents of the food so that blank samples are unnecessary.

DESCRIPTION AND INGREDIENTS: Polysorbate 60 is an emulsifier, opacifier, protective coating, dough conditioner, dispersant, wetting agent, stabiliser, defoamer, poultry scald agent, flavour.Polysorbates are a class of emulsifiers used in some pharmaceuticals and food preparation. They are often used in cosmetics to solubilize essential oils into water-based products. Polysorbates are oily liquids derived from PEG-ylated sorbitan (a derivative of sorbitol) esterified with fatty acids. Polysorbate 60 is obtained by esterification of sorbitol with one or three molecules of a fatty acid including stearic, lauric, oleic, and palmitic acid.Polysorbate 60 is the common name for polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, it is a hydrophilic (water-loving) surfactant. Polysorbate 60 is made by reacting stearic acid with sorbitol and then ethylene oxide.  Poly 60 is a common food grade emulsifier used as a solubilizer and surfactant.Polysorbate 60 is an orangish colored oily viscous liquid at room temperature. It will be a semisolid at lower temperatures.  Poly 60 has an HLB (hydrophilic/lipophilic balance) of 14.9.  It is slightly more lipophilic than polysorbate 20 and 40 due to the longer length of stearic acid.Poly 60 is soluble in water due to its high HLB ratio and not soluble in oils. Polysorbate 60 easily blends into water. Polysorbate 60 is used as a high HLB emulsifier in combination with low HLB emulsifiers to create stable oil-in-water emulsions. Suggested pairings are with cetyl or stearyl alcohols, or sorbitan stearate.

APPEARANCE: Emulsifying agent consisting of sorbitol, ethylene oxide & stearic acid (polyoxyethylene-60 sorbitan monostearate), stearic acid is derived from vegetable oil, purity > 95%. Yellow-brownish viscous liquid, no or weak odor. Soluble in water & alcohols, insoluble in oils. HLB value: 14.9 (gives oil-in-water emulsions). An oily liquid derived from PEG-ylated sorbitan (a derivative of sorbitol) esterified with fatty acids. Polysorbates 20 and 80 are yellowish or yellowish brown, oily liquids. Polysorbate 60 is a gelatinous mass, and aclear liquid above 25 C.Miscible with water, ethanol (~750 g/l) TS, methanol R, and ethyl acetate R; practically insoluble in fatty oils and inliquid paraffin R.Category: Nonionic surfactant. Storage: Polysorbates should be kept in tightly closed containers, protected from light.Additional information: Relative densities of Polysorbates 20 and 60 = about 1.10; Polysorbate 80 = about 1.08.Definition: Polysorbates are mixtures of partial fatty acid esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides, copolymerized with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide for each mole of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydride. In Polysorbate 20 the fatty acid is lauric acid which may contain other fatty acids. In Polysorbate 60 the fatty acid is stearic acidwhich may contain other fatty acids, especially palmitic acid. In Polysorbate 80 the fatty acid is oleic acid.

APPLICATIONS: Lotions, creams, hair loss treatments, skin cleansers, makeup products requiring emulsification.Non-ionic, multi-purpose emulsifier (enables water and oil to mix). Emulsifying efficacy is increased when combined with cetyl alcohol or sorbitan stearate. Acts as dispersing agent and anti-static thickener. Very useful as solubilizer and stabilizer of essential oils. Does not contain animal-derived components. Polysorbate 60 is a food additive that is used in many foods to keep them from going stale or separating. It is found in a wide range of processed foods and substances.Polysorbate 60 is not a health supplement, it is used as an emulsifier and as a food additive.Polysorbate 60 is also used in the cosmetic industry and various pharmaceuticals. It is made from sugar alcohols to produce an oil-like liquid that has many uses and applications.Polysorbate 60 works as an emulsifier in many foods. An emulsifier is any substance that helps to stabilize ingredients in a mixture.Polysorbate 60 is also a common ingredient in topical creams and moisturizers where it also acts as an emulsifier. It helps to keep ingredients with different levels of water solubility together. This also helps the ingredients to remain in the same proportions throughout the mixture.Polysorbate 60 is likewise a common ingredient in many medicines and medications that require different ingredients to blend together in a consistent way. It is also used in pills and capsules to extend the shelf life of certain medications.Without polysorbate 60, many medications would not have the same amounts of ingredients from batch to batch or even from one dose to another. It is also used in the manufacturing of synthetic fibers, in the leather industry, in pesticides and in many other industries that require emulsifiers to blend ingredients.