PROPARGYL ALCOHOL

PROPARGYL ALCOHOL

CAS No.: 107-19-7
EC No.: 203-471-2
 
Synonyms:
propynol; 2-propynol; 2-propyn-1-ol; prop-2-yn-1-ol; hydroxymethylacetylene; alcool propargylique; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; propargyl alcohol; Propargyl Alcohol; proparjil akol; alkol proparjil; alkol proparjıl; PROPARGIL ALCOHOL; propargıl alcohol; Propargıl Alcohol; proparjil; propargil; alkol; alcol; alcohol; propajilalkol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL) eş anlamlıları: METATAGS:prop-2-yn-1-ol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; 2-Propyn-1-ol; Prop-2-yn-1-ol; 107-19-7; Ethynylcarbinol; 1-Propyn-3-ol; 2-Propynyl alcohol; Ethynyl carbinol; Methanol, ethynyl-; Propynyl alcohol; 2-Propynol; 1-Hydroxy-2-propyne; 3-Hydroxy-1-propyne; Acetylenylcarbinol; 3-Propynol; Acetylene carbinol; Agrisynth PA; Propiolic alcohol; RCRA waste number P102; prop-2-yne-1-ol; Prop-2-in-1-ol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; NSC 8804; 2-propyne-1-ol; UNII-E920VF499L; CCRIS 6781; HSDB 6054; EINECS 203-471-2; NA1986; RCRA waste no. P102; BRN 0506003; AI3-24359; CHEBI:28905; TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N; Propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]; Q-201629; propargylalcohol; prop-2-ynol; propyn-3-ol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-propyn-1 ol; prop-2-yn-I-ol; prop-1-yn-3-ol; AC1L1PPR; DSSTox_CID_1883; bmse000363; HC.$.CCH2OH; DSSTox_RID_76383, WLN: Q2UU1; DSSTox_GSID_21883; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); Acetylene carbinol; Agrisynth PA; alcool propargylique; Propiolic alcohol; prop-2-yne-1-ol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; 2-propyne-1-ol; propargylalcohol; prop-2-ynol; propyn-3-ol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-propyn-1 ol; prop-2-yn-I-ol; prop-1-yn-3-ol; PROPARGİL ALKOL; propargil alkol; propargyl alkol; propargil alcohol; asetilen karbinol; acetiilen karbinol; asetilen carbinol, PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; PROPARGİL ALKOL, progargil akol, proparil alkol, propargylalcohol, alkohol, propargilalkol, propargilalkohol, Prop-2-yn-1-ol; 2-Propyn-1-ol; 107-19-7; Ethynylcarbinol; karbinol, karbino; etinilkarbinol, etinil karbinol, matatak, 2-propinil alkol, 1-Propyn-3-ol, 2-Propynyl alcohol, Ethynyl carbinol, Methanol, ethynyl-, asetilen karbinol; Propynyl alcohol, 2-Propynol, 2-propinol, 3-Propynol; 1-Hydroxy-2-propyne; 3-Hydroxy-1-propyne; Acetylenylcarbinol; alcool propargylique; Acetylene carbinol; alcool propargylique; Agrisynth PA; Propiolic alcohol; RCRA waste number P102; prop-2-yne-1-ol; Prop-2-in-1-ol; propargylalcohol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; NSC 8804; 2-propyne-1-ol; UNII-E920VF499L; CCRIS 6781; HSDB 6054; Propargyl alcohol, 99%; EINECS 203-471-2; NA1986; RCRA waste no. P102; BRN 0506003; AI3-24359; CHEBI:28905; E920VF499L; Propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]; ethynylmethanol; prop-2-ynol; propyn-3-ol; propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]; 151058-EP2274983A1; propinol; propargyl alcohol pure; propargil alkol saf.; prop-2-yn-1-ol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; 2-Propyn-1-ol; Prop-2-yn-1-ol; 107-19-7; Ethynylcarbinol; 1-Propyn-3-ol; 2-Propynyl alcohol; Ethynyl carbinol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); Methanol, ethynyl-; Propynyl alcohol; 2-Propynol; 1-Hydroxy-2-propyne; 3-Hydroxy-1-propyne; Acetylenylcarbinol; 3-Propynol Acetylene carbinol; Agrisynth PA; Propiolic alcohol; RCRA waste number P102; prop-2-yne-1-ol; Prop-2-in-1-ol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; NSC 8804; 2-propyne-1-ol; UNII-E920VF499L; CCRIS 6781; HSDB 6054; EINECS 203-471-2; NA1986; RCRA waste no. P102; BRN 0506003; AI3-24359; CHEBI:28905; alcool propargylique; TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N; Propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]; Q-201629; propargylalcohol; prop-2-ynol; propyn-3-ol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-propyn-1 ol; prop-2-yn-I-ol; prop-1-yn-3-ol; AC1L1PPR; DSSTox_CID_1883; bmse000363; HC.$.CCH2OH; DSSTox_RID_76383, WLN: Q2UU1; DSSTox_GSID_21883; Acetylene carbinol; Agrisynth PA; alcool propargylique; Propiolic alcohol; prop-2-yne-1-ol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; 2-propyne-1-ol; propargylalcohol; prop-2-ynol; propyn-3-ol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-propyn-1 ol; prop-2-yn-I-ol; prop-1-yn-3-ol; PROPARGİL ALKOL; propargil alkol; propargyl alkol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); propargil alcohol; asetilen karbinol; acetiilen karbinol; asetilen carbinol, PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; PROPARGİL ALKOL, progargil akol, proparil alkol, propargylalcohol, alkohol, propargilalkol, propargilalkohol, Prop-2-yn-1-ol; 2-Propyn-1-ol; 107-19-7; Ethynylcarbinol; karbinol, karbino; etinilkarbinol, etinil karbinol, matatak, 2-propinil alkol, 1-Propyn-3-ol, 2-Propynyl alcohol, Ethynyl carbinol, Methanol, ethynyl-, asetilen karbinol; Propynyl alcohol, 2-Propynol, 2-propinol, 3-Propynol; 1-Hydroxy-2-propyne; 3-Hydroxy-1-propyne; Acetylenylcarbinol; Acetylene carbinol; Agrisynth PA; Propiolic alcohol; RCRA waste number P102; prop-2-yne-1-ol; Prop-2-in-1-ol; propargylalcohol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; NSC 8804; 2-propyne-1-ol; UNII-E920VF499L; CCRIS 6781; HSDB 6054; Propargyl alcohol, 99%; EINECS 203-471-2; NA1986; RCRA waste no. P102; BRN 0506003; AI3-24359; CHEBI:28905; E920VF499L; Propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]; ethynylmethanol; prop-2-ynol; alcool propargylique; propyn-3-ol; propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]; 151058-EP2274983A1; propinol; propargyl alcohol pure; 107-19-7 [RN]; 1-Hydroxy-2-propyne; 203-471-2 [EINECS]; 2-Propin-1-ol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 2-Propin-1-ol [ACD/IUPAC Name];    2-Propyn-1-ol [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 2-Propyn-1-ol [French] [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 2-propynol; 2-Propynyl alcohol; MFCD00002912 [MDL number]; prop-2-yn-1-ol; Prop-2-yne-1-ol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); Propargyl alcohol [Wiki]; UK5075000; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); 1-Propyn-3-ol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2450-71-7 [RN]; 2-PROPYNYLOXY; 3-Hydroxy-1-propyne; 3-PROPYNOL; 4-01-00-02214 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) [Beilstein]; 6228-47-3 [RN]; Acetylene carbinol; Acetylenylcarbinol;    Agrisynth PA; C028255; E920VF499L; EINECS 203-471-2; Ethynyl carbinol; Ethynylcarbinol; chebiId=CHEBI:28905; InChI=1/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h1,4H,3H; InChI=1S/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h1,4H,3H2; Methanol, ethynyl-; NA1986; Prop-2-in-1-ol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL|PROP-2-YN-1-OL; propargyl_alcohol; Propiolic alcohol; PROPYNYL ALCOHOL; UNII:E920VF499L; UNII-E920VF499L;WLN: Q2UU1; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; Prop-2-yn-1-ol; 2-Propyn-1-ol; 107-19-7; Ethynylcarbinol; 1-Propyn-3-ol;2-Propynyl alcohol; Ethynyl carbinol; Methanol, ethynyl-; Propynyl alcohol; 2-Propynol; 3-Propynol;1-Hydroxy-2-propyne; 3-Hydroxy-1-propyne; Acetylenylcarbinol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); Acetylene carbinol; Agrisynth PA; Propiolic alcohol;RCRA waste number P102; prop-2-yne-1-ol; Prop-2-in-1-ol;propargylalcohol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; NSC 8804; 2-propyne-1-ol;UNII-E920VF499L; CCRIS 6781; HSDB 6054; Propargyl alcohol, 99%; EINECS 203-471-2; NA1986; RCRA waste no. P102; BRN 0506003; AI3-24359; CHEBI:28905;E920VF499L;    Propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid];ethynylmethanol;prop-2-ynol; propyn-3-ol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-propyn-1 ol; MFCD00002912; prop-2-yn-I-ol; prop-1-yn-3-ol; DSSTox_CID_1883; bmse000363;EC 203-471-2; HC.$.CCH2OH;DSSTox_RID_76383;WLN: Q2UU1; DSSTox_GSID_21883; alcool propargylique; 4-01-00-02214 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); CHEMBL1563026; DTXSID5021883; CTK0H5003; NSC8804; ZINC895974; NSC-8804; Tox21_200976; ANW-54252; BBL011350; LS-434; STL146440; AKOS000118737; MCULE-3909200923; NA 1986; NCGC00091559-01; NCGC00091559-02; NCGC00258529-01; BP-30161; CAS-107-19-7; NS00003754; P0536; C05986; Propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]; 151058-EP2274983A1; 151058-EP2289887A2; 151058-EP2289888A2; Q903345; Q-201629; F0001-0140; propynol; 2-propynol; 2-propyn-1-ol; prop-2-yn-1-ol; hydroxymethylacetylene; alcool propargylique; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; propargyl alcohol; Propargyl Alcohol; proparjil akol; alkol proparjil; alkol proparjıl; PROPARGIL ALCOHOL; propargıl alcohol; Propargıl Alcohol; proparjil; propargil; alkol; alcol; alcohol; propajilalkol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); alcool propargylique; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL) eş anlamlıları: METATAGS:prop-2-yn-1-ol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; 2-Propyn-1-ol; Prop-2-yn-1-ol; 107-19-7; Ethynylcarbinol; 1-Propyn-3-ol; 2-Propynyl alcohol; Ethynyl carbinol; Methanol, ethynyl-; Propynyl alcohol; 2-Propynol; 1-Hydroxy-2-propyne; alcool propargylique; 3-Hydroxy-1-propyne; Acetylenylcarbinol; 3-Propynol; Acetylene carbinol; Agrisynth PA; Propiolic alcohol; RCRA waste number P102; prop-2-yne-1-ol; Prop-2-in-1-ol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; NSC 8804; 2-propyne-1-ol; UNII-E920VF499L; CCRIS 6781; HSDB 6054; EINECS 203-471-2; NA1986; RCRA waste no. P102; BRN 0506003; AI3-24359; CHEBI:28905; TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N; Propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]; Q-201629; propargylalcohol; prop-2-ynol; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); propyn-3-ol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-propyn-1 ol; prop-2-yn-I-ol; prop-1-yn-3-ol; AC1L1PPR; DSSTox_CID_1883; bmse000363; HC.$.CCH2OH; DSSTox_RID_76383, WLN: Q2UU1; DSSTox_GSID_21883; Acetylene carbinol; Agrisynth PA; Propiolic alcohol; prop-2-yne-1-ol; 1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol; 2-propyne-1-ol; propargylalcohol; prop-2-ynol; propyn-3-ol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; alcool propargylique; 2-propyn-1 ol; prop-2-yn-I-ol; prop-1-yn-3-ol; PROPARGİL ALKOL; propargil alkol; propargyl alkol; propargil alcohol; asetilen karbinol; acetiilen karbinol; asetilen carbinol, PROPARGYL ALCOHOL; PROPARGİL ALKOL; PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL); progargil akol; proparil alkol; propargylalcohol; alkohol; propargilalkol; propargilalkohol; Prop-2-yn-1-ol; 2-Propyn-1-ol; 107-19-7; Ethynylcarbinol; karbinol, karbino; etinilkarbinol, etinil karbinol, matatak, 2-propinil alkol, 1-Propyn-3-ol, 2-Propynyl alcohol; Ethynyl carbinol; Methanol; ethynyl-; asetilen karbinol; Propynyl alcohol; 2-Propynol; 2-propinol; 3-Propynol; 1-Hydroxy-2-propyne; 3-Hydroxy-1-propyne; Acetylenylcarbinol; Acetylene carbinol; alcool propargylique

PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPARGİL ALKOL)
 
Properties of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Related Categories    Alkynes, Building Blocks, Chemical Synthesis, Organic Building Blocks, Terminal More...
Quality Level 100
vapor density 1.93 (vs air)
vapor pressure 11.6 mmHg ( 20 °C)
assay 99%
refractive index n20/D 1.432 (lit.)
bp 114-115 °C (lit.)
mp -53 °C (lit.)
density 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
storage temp. 2-8°C
SMILES string OCC#C
InChI 1S/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h1,4H,3H2
Description of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Application of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) has been used as a key starting material in the [4+2] cycloisomerization mediated synthesis of various phthalide derivatives.[1] 
It can also be used to synthesize: 
• A variety of regioselective furan-3-carboxamides by reacting with 3-oxo amides using Ag2CO3 as a promoter.[2] 
• β-oxopropyl esters by reacting with carboxylic acids in the presence of (arene) (phosphine)ruthenium(II) complex as a catalyst.[3] 
Packaging of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
1 L in glass bottle
100, 500 mL in glass bottle
Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O. Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.[3] Propargyl alcohol is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
 
Reactions and applications of Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Propargyl alcohol polymerizes with heating or treatment with base. Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is used as a corrosion inhibitor, a metal complex solution, a solvent stabilizer and an electroplating brightener additive. Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Secondary and tertiary substituted propargylic alcohols undergo catalyzed rearrangement reactions to form α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds via the Meyer-Schuster rearrangement and others. It can be oxidized to propynal[4] or propargylic acid.
Preparation of Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is produced by the copper-catalysed addition of formaldehyde to acetylene as a by-product of the industrial synthesis of but-2-yne-1,4-diol.[5] It can also be prepared by dehydrochlorination of 3-chloro-2-propen-1-ol by NaOH.[6]
Safety
Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a flammable liquid, toxic by inhalation, highly toxic by ingestion, toxic by skin absorption, and corrosive.
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion of Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Propargyl alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is quickly distributed and excreted following an iv dose. The majority of the radioactivity ((14)C-labeled test material) was excreted in the urine and as carbon dioxide in the breath of both rats and mice. Oral dosing resulted in a similar rapid (but slower than after iv dosing) excretion pattern, with the bulk of radioactivity being excreted in the urine and exhaled carbon dioxide. Dermal absorption was low due to the volatility of propargyl alcohol. Inhalation exposure resulted in 55 to 63% absorption of inhaled propargyl alcohol at 1 or 10 ppm and only 23 to 33% absorption at 100 ppm. Both species eliminated the majority of the inhaled dose in urine.
Metabolism/Metabolites
While oxidative metabolism of low molecular weight primary alcohols is generally ... catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase, propargyl alcohol is a relatively poor substrate for this enzyme ... The catalase alternative pathway /was studied/. Bovine liver catalase was used, to measure the rate of oxidative bioactivation of propargyl alcohol to 2-propyn-l-al ... /It was/ found the rate to be higher than predicted ... and hypothesized that the oxidative biotransformation of propargyl alcohol to the more reactive alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehyde by liver catalase might be the initial step in propargyl alcohol induced liver injury.
Inactivation of catalase in isolated hepatocytes only partially inhibited the toxicity of propargyl alcohol /was shown/ ... Propargyl alcohol-induced cytotoxicity, rapid GSH depletion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation involves metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 rather than catalase or alcohol dehydrogenase /was demonstrated/. Using specific induction and depletion ... /it was shown/ that CYP 2E1 was the enzyme responsible for activation of propargyl alcohol to its aldehyde, 2-propyn-I-al ... /A model was proposed that/ propargyl alcohol is oxidized primarily by CYP 2E1, with a minor contribution by alcohol dehydrogenase, to 2-propyn-l-al. 
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed orally with 40 mg/kg mixture of (1,2,3-(13)C)propargyl alcohol and (1,2-(14)C)propargyl alcohol. Approximately 60% of the dose was excreted in the urine by 96 hr. Major metabolites were identified in the urine by 1- and 2-D NMR and confirmed by isolation and purification of the individual metabolites followed by (13)C FT-NMR and mass spectometry. The proposed pathway involves oxidation of propargyl alcohol to 2-propynoic acid and glutathione conjugation, the first example of multiple glutathione additions to a triple bond. 
Environmental Fate/Exposure Summary
Propargyl alcohol's production and use as a corrosion inhibitor, solvent stabilizer, and laboratory reagent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Its former use as a soil fumigant would have resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, an extrapolated vapor pressure of 15.6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates propargyl alcohol will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase propargyl alcohol will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 37 hours. Propargyl alcohol can also be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone; however, the rate of this reaction is too slow to be environmentally relevant. Propargyl alcohol does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, propargyl alcohol is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 14. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Propargyl alcohol may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its extrapolated vapor pressure. The biodegradation half-life of propargyl alcohol was 12.6 and 13 days in an alkaline sandy silt loam from Texas and an acidic sandy loam from Mississippi, respectively. If released into water, propargyl alcohol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 16 and 176 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to propargyl alcohol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where propargyl alcohol is produced or used.
TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 14 , determined from a log Kow of -0.38(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that propargyl alcohol is expected to have very high mobility in soil . Volatilization of propargyl alcohol from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole , derived from its extrapolated vapor pressure, 15.6 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible)(5). Volatilization from dry soils is expected , given the extrapolated vapor pressure(4). The half-life of propargyl alcohol in an alkaline sandy silt loam (61.5% sand, 31.1% silt, 7.4% clay, pH 7.8, 3.25% organic carbon) from Texas was 12.6 days and 13 days from an acidic sandy loam (68% sand, 23.4% silt, 8.6% clay, pH 4.8, 0.94% organic carbon) from Mississippi(6).
AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 14 , determined from a log Kow of -0.38(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that propargyl alcohol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment . Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole , derived from its extrapolated vapor pressure, 15.6 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible) (5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 16 and 176 days, respectively . According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3 , from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low . Biodegradation in aerobic water may occur for propargyl alcohol based on biodegradation half-lives of 12.6 and 13 days in two soils(8). In addition, propargyl alcohol achieved 95% of its theoretical BOD in a screening study using an activated sludge inoculum(9), suggesting this compound will degrade under aerobic condictions.
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), propargyl alcohol, which has an extrapolated vapor pressure of 15.6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase propargyl alcohol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals ; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 37 hours , calculated from its rate constant of 1X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Propargyl alcohol is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone; however, the half-life of this reaction is long compared to the reaction with hydroxyl radicals and is not environmentally relevant . The half-life for this reaction in air is estimated as 380 days from its theoretical rate constant of 3X10-20 cu cm/molecule-sec , that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Propargyl alcohol does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to/may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).
Environmental Abiotic Degradation
The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propargyl alcohol with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 37 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propargyl alcohol with ozone has been estimated as 3X10-20 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C that was derived using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 380 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). Propargyl alcohol is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). Propargyl alcohol does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(3).
Volatilization from Water/Soil
The Henry's Law constant for propargyl alcohol is estimated as 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole derived from its extrapolated vapor pressure, 15.6 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible)(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that propargyl alcohol is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 16 days . The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 176 days . Propargyl alcohol's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur . The potential for volatilization of propargyl alcohol from dry soil surfaces may exist based upon its extrapolated vapor pressure(1).
Probable Routes of Human Exposure
NIOSH has statistically estimated that 54,359 workers (19,934 of these are female) are potentially exposed to propargyl alcohol in the US(1). Occupational exposure to propargyl alcohol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where propargyl alcohol is produced or used .
2‐Propargyl alcohols are widely used in organic reactions. Their great success is rooted in the presence of multiple functional groups. This review will focus on six types of mechanisms: (i) 2‐propargyl alcohols as carbocation precursors, (ii) alkynes as electrophiles, (iii) alcohols as nucleophiles, (iv) fracture via ketones or elimination into alkene intermediates, (v) oxidation into alkynyl‐ortho‐quinone methides or carbonyl intermediates, and (vi) ring expansions. Reactions involving alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, arenes, alcohols, amines, amides, ketones, CO2, hydrazine, iodobenzene, azides, carbenes, arylboronic acids, etc. will be discussed. We hope that this review will help to promote future research in this area.
 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a clear colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor. Flash point 97°F. Vapors are heavier than air. Used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor and a soil fumigant. 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O. of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group. Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
Reactions and applications of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) polymerizes with heating or treatment with base. Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is used as a corrosion inhibitor, a metal complex solution, a solvent stabilizer and an electroplating brightener additive. Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Secondary and tertiary substituted propargylic alcohols undergo catalyzed rearrangement reactions to form α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds via the Meyer-Schuster rearrangement and others. of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) can be oxidized to propynal or propargylic acid.
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a solvent stabilizer that is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, an electroplating brightener additive. Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is useful 3-carbon fragment in acetylene coupling reactions, Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) undergoes Pd-catalyzed O-coupling with alcohols to give the corresponding 1-methoxyallyl ethers. 
When phosphorus pentaoxide is added to Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol), caused ignition. Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid; . Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites. 
Industry Uses of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents 
Intermediates of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Consumer Uses of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Water Treatment Products of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Appearance:    colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay:    95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed:    No
Specific Gravity:    0.96300 @ 25.00 °C.
Boiling Point:    113.60 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure:    10.556000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point:    97.00 °F. TCC ( 36.11 °C. )
Chemical Properties 
clear colourless to slightly yellow liquid 
Chemical Properties 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor.
Uses of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is used in metal plating and pickling and asa corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in mineral acids. It also finds application in preventingthe hydrogen embrittling of mild steel inacids. It is used as an intermediate for makingmiticide and sulfadiazine.. 
Uses of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) 
Chemical intermediate, corrosion inhibitor, lab reagent, solvent stabilizer, prevents hydrogen embrittlement of steel, soil fumigant.
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is toxic after single oral doses, dermal applications and inhalation exposures. The most frequent symptoms are apathy, shortness of breath, irritation of the mucous membranes and bleeding in the internal organs and brain. Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) has irritative to caustic effects on the skin, depending on the concentration of the substance. In the eye, the undiluted substance is caustic. After repeated inhalation exposure or oral administration of the substance, the target organs were found to be the liver and kidneys and also the blood. The toxic effects were increased relative kidney weights without a histopathological correlate, increased leukocyte counts, increased alanine aminotransferase activity, increased relative liver weights and histopathological liver changes. Inhalation exposure of the rat for 90 days yielded a NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) of 11.8 mg/m3 , oral administration of the substance a NOAEL of 5 mg/kg body weight. In vitro, Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) was not found to be mutagenic but clastogenic. In the mouse, the micronucleus test yielded negative results after oral administration of the substance. There are no data available for the mechanism of action of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol).
Definition of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
ChEBI: A terminal acetylenic compound that is prop-2-yne substituted by a hydroxy group at position 
Production Methods of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is the major commercially available acetylenic primary alcohol. Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a byproduct of butynediol production. In the usual high-pressure butynediol process, about 5% of the product is Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol). Some processes give higher proportions of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol). 
General Description of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) 
A dark liquid with a "fishlike" odor. Less dense than water. Flash point 90°F. Boiling point is 239°F. Corrosive and contact may severely irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. Used to make other chemicals. 
Air & Water Reactions 
Highly flammable. Soluble in water. 
Reactivity Profile of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol), FATTY ACID DERIVED AMINES is an aminoalcohol mixture. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. When phosphorus pentaoxide is added to Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) caused ignition. Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence.
Hazard of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Flammable, moderate fire risk. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption. Eye irri- tant, liver and kidney damage. 
Toxicokinetics and Metabolism Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is probably metabolized to propargyl aldehyde. This oxidation has been demonstrated in vitro in experiments with catalase obtained from bovine liver. In vitro experiments with phenobarbital-induced rat liver microsomes yielded evidence of low levels of binding of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) to cytochrome P450 (BG Chemie 1999). 3 Effects in Man There are no data for the effects in man of exposure to Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol). 262 Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) Volume 21 Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) 4 Animal Experiments and in vitro Studies 4.1 Acute toxicity Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) was found to be toxic after oral administration, dermal application and inhalation exposure in experiments with various animal species . The oral LD50 for the rat is 35-110 mg/kg body weight and for the mouse 50 mg/kg body weight. The dermal LD50 for the rabbit is 16-190 mg/kg body weight. The 2-hour LC50 for the rat is 2000 mg/m3 . The most frequent symptoms in the rat and mouse after inhalation exposure, oral administration and dermal application were apathy, shortness of breath, prostration, irritation of the mucous membranes, hyperaemia and bleeding in the internal organs and brain. 4.2 Subacute, subchronic and chronic toxicity The results of toxicity studies with repeated exposure are summarized in Table 1. 4.2.1 Inhalation In a medium-term inhalation study with rats exposed to concentrations of 0, 1, 5 or 25 ml/m3 (corresponding to analytical concentrations of 0, 2.35, 11.8 or 58.75 mg/m3 ) for 90 days, at the highest concentration of 25 ml/m3 increased relative liver and kidney weights were observed, but there was no histopathological correlate (BASF AG 1992). In this study the NOAEL was 5 ml/m3 (11.8 mg/m3 ). Another 90-day inhalation study with rats revealed increased leukocyte counts, increased alanine aminotransferase activity, increased relative liver weights and histopathological liver changes after exposure of the animals to concentrations of 80 ml/m3 (corresponding to about 188 mg/m3 ) (DOW 1964). Groups of 10 Swiss mice (20-25 g) were exposed to concentrations of 88 ml/m3 (RD50, i.e. the concentration which reduces the respiration rate by 50 %; corresponding to about 206.8 mg/m3 ) or 25.3 ml/m3 (1/3 RD50; corresponding to about 59.5 mg/m3 ) for 6 hours a day, on 4, 9 or 14 days. The respiratory and olfactory epithelia of the nasal cavity, and the trachea and lungs were subsequently examined histopathologically. Changes were found in both the respiratory and olfactory epithelium of the nose, but not in the trachea or lungs (no further details). The histopathological results showed that the severity of the effects in the nasal region varied with the exposure duration, but not with the concentration 
Health Hazard 
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. 
Health Hazard 
2-Propyn-1-ol is a moderately toxic substancecausing depression of the Central nervoussystem and irritation of the eyes and skin. 
LD50 value, oral (rats): 70 mg/kg
LD50 value, oral (guinea pigs): 60 mg/kg.
Fire Hazard 
Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O. It is the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.[3] Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
Safety Profile of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Poison by ingestion, skin contact, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation. A central nervous system depressant. A skin and mucous membrane irritant. Mutation data reported. Flammable liquid and dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can ignite. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. Potentially explosive reactions with alkalies (when dried), sulfuric acid. Ignites on contact with phosphorus pentaoxide. Violent reaction with mercury(Ⅱ) sulfate + sulfuric acid + water (at 70°C). Incompatible with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Used as a corrosion inhibitor, solvent stabilizer, soil fumigant, and chemical intermediate. See also ACETYLENE COMPOUNDS. 
Reactions and applications 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) polymerizes with heating or treatment with base. It is used as a corrosion inhibitor, a metal complex solution, a solvent stabilizer and an electroplating brightener additive. Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Secondary and tertiary substituted propargylic alcohols undergo catalyzed rearrangement reactions to form α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds via the Meyer-Schuster rearrangement and others. It can be oxidized to propynal[4] or propargylic acid. 
Preparation 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is produced by the copper-catalysed addition of formaldehyde to acetylene as a by-product of the industrial synthesis of but-2-yne-1,4-diol.[5] It can also be prepared by dehydrochlorination of 3-chloro-2-propen-1-ol by NaOH.[6] 
Safety 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a flammable liquid, toxic by inhalation, highly toxic by ingestion, toxic by skin absorption, and corrosive. 
Potential Exposure 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is used as a corrosion inhibitor, soil fumigant; solvent, stabilizer, and chemical intermediate. 
storage    of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
2-Propyn-1-ol is stored in stainless steellined, glass-lined, or phenolic-lined tanks ordrums. Unlined steel containers may be usedif free of rust. Aluminum, rubber, and epoxymaterials should not be used. Use protectivewear when handling. Wash thoroug. 
Ingestion In rats given oral Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) doses of 0, 5, 15 or 50 mg/kg body weight daily for 90 days, doses of 15 mg/kg body weight or more caused changes in haematological parameters (in the form of anaemia), increased relative liver weights, and histopathological changes in the liver (megalocytosis) and kidneys (karyomegaly in the tubule epithelia); at 50 mg/kg body weight, in addition increased relative kidney weights (male animals) and changes in clinico-chemical parameters were observed. In this study the LOAEL (lowest observed adverse effect level) was 5 mg/kg body weight (TRL 1988). Similar effects were found after rats were given oral doses of the substance for 28 days (see Table 1). 4.2.3 Dermal absorption Epicutaneous application of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) to the intact or scarified skin of rabbits for 91 days did not produce treatment-related effects up to the highest tested dose of 20 mg/kg body weight and day (IBL 1965). 4.3 Local effects on skin and mucous membranes Undiluted Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) instilled into the conjunctival sac of the rabbit eye caused pain and erythema, oedema and clouding of the cornea. The effects were still marked 8 days after the application. A 10 % aqueous solution produced mild pain reactions and only transient irritation. A 1 % solution did not have any effects. Undiluted Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) applied to rabbit skin (dorsal) caused oedema, hyperaemia and necrosis. 8 days after the application, marked necrosis and anaemia were evident. A 10 % solution caused slight hyperaemia and oedema, a 1 % solution did not have any effects. 
Purification Methods of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
The commercial material contains a stabiliser. An aqueous solution of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) can be concentrated by azeotropic distillation with butanol or butyl acetate. Dry it with K2CO3 and distil it under reduced pressure, in the presence of about 1% succinic acid, through a glass helices-packed column. [Beilstein 1 IV 2214.] 
Incompatibilities 
Vapor may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, perox- ides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluo- rine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, phosphorus pentoxide. May polymerize under the influence of heat, oxidizers, peroxides, light. Attacks many plastics. 
Waste Disposal 
Wear protective eye protection, gloves and clothing to prevent any reasonable probability of skin or eye contact. Safety equipment suppliers/ manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove/clothing material for your operation. All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Wear splash-proof chemical goggles and face shield when working with liquid full facepiece respiratory protection is worn. Employees should wash immediately with soap when skin is wet or contaminated. Provide emergency showers and eyewash. 
Chemical Properties 
clear colourless to slightly yellow liquid 
Chemical Properties 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor. 
Uses of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol)
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is used in metal plating and pickling and asa corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in mineral acids. It also finds application in preventingthe hydrogen embrittling of mild steel inacids. It is used as an intermediate for makingmiticide and sulfadiazine. 
Uses
Chemical intermediate, corrosion inhibitor, lab reagent, solvent stabilizer, prevents hydrogen embrittlement of steel, soil fumigant. 
Definition
ChEBI: A terminal acetylenic compound that is prop-2-yne substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. 
Production Methods
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is the major commercially available acetylenic primary alcohol. Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is a byproduct of butynediol production. In the usual high-pressure butynediol process, about 5% of the product is Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol). Some processes give higher proportions of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol). 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol), FATTY ACID DERIVED AMINES is an aminoalcohol mixture. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. When phosphorus pentaoxide is added to Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) caused ignition. Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence.
Hazard
Flammable, moderate fire risk. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption. Eye irri- tant, liver and kidney damage. 
Health Hazard 
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. 
Health Hazard 
2-Propyn-1-ol is a moderately toxic substancecausing depression of the Central nervoussystem and irritation of the eyes and skin. 
LD50 value, oral (rats): 70 mg/kg 
LD50 value, oral (guinea pigs): 60 mg/kg. 
Fire Hazard 
Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. 
Safety Profile 
Poison by ingestion, skin contact, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation. A central nervous system depressant. A skin and mucous membrane irritant. Mutation data reported. Flammable liquid and dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can ignite. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. Potentially explosive reactions with alkalies (when dried), sulfuric acid. Ignites on contact with phosphorus pentaoxide. Violent reaction with mercury(Ⅱ) sulfate + sulfuric acid + water (at 70°C). Incompatible with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Used as a corrosion inhibitor, solvent stabilizer, soil fumigant, and chemical intermediate. See also ACETYLENE COMPOUNDS. 
Potential Exposure 
Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) is used as a corrosion inhibitor, soil fumigant; solvent, stabilizer, and chemical intermediate. 
storage 
2-Propyn-1-ol is stored in stainless steellined, glass-lined, or phenolic-lined tanks ordrums. Unlined steel containers may be usedif free of rust. Aluminum, rubber, and epoxymaterials should not be used. Use protectivewear when handling. Wash thoroug. 
The commercial material contains a stabiliser. An aqueous solution of Propargyl Alcohol (Propargil Alkol) can be concentrated by azeotropic distillation with butanol or butyl acetate. Dry it with K2CO3 and distil it under reduced pressure, in the presence of about 1% succinic acid, through a glass helices-packed column. 
Alcohols have a long history of myriad uses. For simple mono-alcohols, which is the focus on this article, the following are most important industrial alcohols: 
methanol, mainly for the production of formaldehyde and as a fuel additive 
ethanol, mainly for alcoholic beverages, fuel additive, solvent 
1-propanol, 1-butanol, and isobutyl alcohol for use as a solvent and precursor to solvents 
C6-C11 alcohols used for plasticizers, e.g. in polyvinylchloride 
fatty alcohol (C12-C18), precursors to detergents 
Methanol is the most common industrial alcohol, with about 12 million tons/y produced in 1980. The combined capacity of the other alcohols is about the same, distributed roughly equally. 
Incompatibilities 
Vapor may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, perox- ides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluo- rine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, phosphorus pentoxide. May polymerize under the influence of heat, oxidizers, peroxides, light. Attacks many plastics. 
Waste Disposal 
Wear protective eye protec- tion, gloves and clothing to prevent any reasonable proba- bility of skin or eye contact. Safety equipment suppliers/ manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove/clothing material for your operation. All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Wear splash-proof chemical goggles and face shield when working with liquid full facepiece respiratory protection is worn. Employees should wash immediately with soap when skin is wet or contaminated. Provide emergency showers and eyewash.