PRODUCTS

PYROGALLOL

Pyrogallol offers a highly functionalized benzene framework that is useful in applications requiring strong phenolic reactivity and controlled oxidation behavior.
Pyrogallol is widely used in analytical chemistry, organic synthesis, photographic processes, dye manufacture, and specialty chemical formulations
Pyrogallol's ability to interact with metal ions supports applications in analytical reagents and coordination chemistry.

CAS Number: 87-66-1
EC Number: 201-762-9
Molecular Formula: C6H6O3
Molecular Weight: 126.11 g/mol

Synonyms: pyrogallol, benzene-1,2,3-triol, 87-66-1, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene, pyrogallic acid, 1,2,3-benzenetriol, fourrine PG, Fouramine Brown AP, fourrine 85, Pyro, C.I. Oxidation Base 32, fouramine base ap, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzen, C.I. 76515, CI Oxidation Base 32, Benzene, 1,2,3-trihydroxy-, DTXSID6025983, NSC-5035, 01Y4A2QXY0, CI 76515, DTXCID905983, CHEBI:16164, acid, Pyrogallic, RefChem:6187, 201-762-9, Piral, NSC 5035, 2,3-Dihydroxyphenol, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzen [Czech], 1,2,3-TRIHYDROXY-BENZENE, MFCD00002192, Pyrogallic, CHEMBL307145, NCGC00091507-01, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzen (CZECH), Pyrogallol acid, CAS-87-66-1, Pyrogallol [NF], 30813-84-4, PYG, CCRIS 1940, HSDB 794, PYROGALLOL, ACS, EINECS 201-762-9, BRN 0907431, UNII-01Y4A2QXY0, Phloroglucinol EP Impurity A, trihydroxybenzene, AI3-00709, 1,3-Benzenetriol, PYROP, Pyrogallol ACS grade, 1,3-Trihydroxybenzen, Pyrogallol (Standard), 1,3-Trihydroxybenzene, benzene-1,2-3-triol, PYROGALLOL [MI], Pyrogallol, ACS reagent, Phloroglucinol Impurity A, PYROGALLOL [HSDB], Benzene,2,3-trihydroxy-, WLN: QR BQ CQ, PYROGALLOL [VANDF], PYROGALLOL [MART.], PYROGALLOL [WHO-DD], C.I. Oxidation Base 32, 4-06-00-07327 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), MLS001066376, SCHEMBL128397, SCHEMBL133762, Pyrogallol, analytical standard, orb1221700, orb1303806, orb3140128, SCHEMBL7306041, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzene, XIV, Pyrogallol, >=98% (HPLC), Pyrogallol, p.a., ACS reagent, SCHEMBL17273896, GTPL13596, HY-N1579R, NSC5035, HMS5082C21, HY-N1579, Pyrogallol, ACS reagent, >=99%, STR08708, Benzene-1,2,3-triol (Pyrogallol), Tox21_111143, Tox21_202373, BBL011607, BDBM50031472, EBC-44286, Pyrogallol, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, s3885, SBB060422, STL163335, AKOS000120163, MSK9313-1000M, CCG-266100, CS-W019928, FP39697, 1,2,3-Benzenetriol (ACD/Name 4.0), NCGC00091507-02, NCGC00091507-03, NCGC00259922-01, Pyrogallol, purum, >=98.0% (HPLC), AC-11384, BP-12538, DA-40956, GMN, Pyrogallol, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%, SMR000471842, Pyrogallol(Discontinued,See C4X-22179), Pyrogallol, JIS special grade, >=99.0%, NS00014915, P0570, ST51046603, EN300-18055, A11637, C01108, AB-131/40221933, F079472, Q388692, 1,2,3-Benzenetriol Solution in Methanol, 1000ug/mL, Z57127553, F0001-2163, InChI=1/C6H6O3/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(4)9/h1-3,7-9, 1,2,3-Benzenetriol, 1,2,3-Benzènetriol, 1,2,3-Benzoltriol, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzene, 2,3-Dihydroxyphenol, 201-762-9, 35296-77-6, 87-66-1, benzene-1,2,3-triol, BENZENETRIOL, Benzol-1,2,3-triol, gallol, Pyrogallol, 1,2,3-benzene<wbr>triol, 1,2,3-Benzenetriol (ACD/Name 4.0), 1,2,3-BENZENETRIOL-D6, 1,2,3-Trihydroxy-Benzene, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzen, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzen, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzene; Pyrogallic acid, 100 g, 1216684-97-7, 122-84-9, 2,3-dihydroxy Phenol, 208-575-1, 30813-84-4, 3760-52-9, 4-06-00-07327, 533-73-3, 72 kDa type IV collagenase, 98%, 99%, acid, Pyrogallic, Antioxidant PY, ATS4_HUMAN, ATS5_HUMAN, Benzene, 1,2,3-trihydroxy-, Benzene-1,2,3-triol (Pyrogallol), C.I. Oxidation Base 32, C.I. Oxidation Base 32, CAH1_HUMAN, CAH2_HUMAN, CAH4_HUMAN, CAH6_HUMAN, Carbonic anhydrase 1, Carbonic anhydrase 2, Carbonic anhydrase 4, Carbonic anhydrase 6, Cayman, CI Oxidation Base 32, EINECS 201-762-9, fouramine base a, Fouramine base ap, Fouramine Brown AP, Fourrine PG, GMN, Macrophage metalloelastase, Matrix metalloproteinase-9, MMP12_HUMAN, MMP2_HUMAN, MMP8_HUMAN, MMP9_HUMAN, Neutrophil collagenase, P4HA1_CHICK, p83135_FLUKA, Piral, Piral, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene, Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit α-1, PYG, Pyro, pyrogallic, Pyrogallic acid, 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzene, Pyrogallol, ACS, pyrogallol, acs reagent, pyrogallol, crystal, reagent, acs, pyrogallol, reagent (acs), Pyrogallol-[d6], Pyrogallol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzene, PYROP, QR BQ CQ, trihydroxybenzene, 连苯三酚

Pyrogallol is an organic compound with the formula C6H3(OH)3.
Pyrogallol is a water-soluble, white solid although samples are typically brownish because of its sensitivity toward oxygen.
Pyrogallol is one of three isomers of benzenetriols.

Pyrogallol is a natural oxidant that can generate superoxide (O2-) in alkaline solutions through autoxidation to a semiquinone radical.
Importantly, the semiquinone radical can react with O2- in an acidic environment to produce a quinone and H2O2.

Pyrogallol autoxidation is used in superoxide dismutase activity assays.
Pyrogallol can also be used in assays to assess antioxidant capacity.

Pyrogallol is used in some biological systems as an O2- scavenger.
In other biological systems, Pyrogallol is used as an O2- generator.

Pyrogallol effectively scavenges DPPH radical and ABTS+ in vitro.
Pyrogallol is a product of tannin degradation to gallic acid by ruminant microbes and has hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in vivo.

Pyrogallic acid is an odorless white to gray solid. Sinks and mixes with water.
Pyrogallol is a benzenetriol carrying hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 3.

Pyrogallol has a role as a plant metabolite.
Pyrogallol is a phenolic donor and a benzenetriol.

Pyrogallol is an aromatic organic compound containing three hydroxyl groups attached to a benzene ring at the 1,2,3-positions.
Pyrogallol is an important phenolic intermediate used in chemical synthesis, analytical chemistry, photographic applications, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and specialty formulations.
Pyrogallol's three adjacent hydroxyl groups give the molecule strong reducing and complex-forming characteristics, making it useful in a variety of laboratory and industrial processes.

Pyrogallol is used in hair dying and suturing materials dying.
Pyrogallol is used as a developing agent in black and white developers, as a metal-complexing agent and is involved in oxygen absorption in gas analysis.

Pyrogallol exhibits antiseptic properties.
Pyrogallol's alkaline solution is used to absorb oxygen from air, thereby it plays a vital role to calculate the amount of oxygen in air.

pyrogallol, an organic compound belonging to the phenol family, used as a photographic film developer and in the preparation of other chemicals.

Pyrogallol is used as a reactive agent in pharmaceutical production and possesses antioxidant properties.
Pyrogallol appears as a white crystalline solid and is used in skin treatment formulations and as a hair dye precursor.

Pyrogallol is an organic compound with the formula C6H3(OH)3.
Pyrogallol is a white, water-soluble solid although samples are typically brownish because of its sensitivity toward oxygen.
Pyrogallol is one of three isomeric benzenetriols.

Pyrogallol is a white crystalline solid with the formula C6H6O3.
Pyrogallol exists in the form of colorless needles or leaflets, which gradually change color to dark gray upon exposure to air or light.

Pyrogallol is a polyphenol that was initially discovered by SCHEELE in 1786 by performing dry distillation of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid).
Pyrogallol derivatives are naturally found in several compounds, including tannin, anthocyanin, and alkaloids.

Pyrogallol is a polyphenol compound, which has anti-fungal and anti-psoriatic properties.
Pyrogallol is a reductant that is able to generate free radicals, in particular superoxide anions.

Pyrogallol is used as a photographic developer and as an etching agent to treat wood.
Pyrogallol is also found in some tars.

Pyrogallol was also used as a developing agent in black-and-white developers, but its use is largely historical except for special purpose applications.
Pyrogallol is not likely to be used as a modern hair dye due to the suspected toxicity of the compound.

However, Pyrogallol may still be found in some hair colorants and dyes of suturing materials and for oxygen absorption in gas analysis.
Pyrogallol is reported to cross react with Resorcin.

Uses of Pyrogallol:
Pyrogallol is used in photography and leather crafts; used in wool, fur, and hair dyeing; also used as an analytical chemistry reagent, an antioxidant for oils, and as a topical medication; [HSDB] Used in hair dyes and was used in photographic developers.
No longer used in hair dyes because of the frequency of allergic reactions.

Pyrogallol exhibits antiseptic properties.
Pyrogallol's alkaline solution is used to absorb oxygen from air, thereby it plays a vital role to calculate the amount of oxygen in air.

Pyrogallol undergoes quick autooxidation in alkaline solution.
Due to this property, Pyrogallol's alkaline solution is generally used for the removal of oxygen from gases.
Pyrogallol may also be used to prepare pyrogallol monomethyl ether via methylation and gallacetophenone via a modified Nencki reaction.

Pyrogallol is a versatile compound that finds utility in photography, lithography, and hair dyes, and is employed as an antioxidant and stabilizer in various applications.
The use of pyrogallol in the domain of cosmetics and medicines has decreased in recent times, attributed to its significant toxicity.

Pyrogallol is used in the manufacture of various dyes; in dyeing furs, hairs, and feathers; for staining leather; in engraving; as a developer in photography; and as an analytical reagent.

Pyrogallol possesses importance as a spectrophotometric reagent in the determination of niobium and tantalum.
The absorptions of niobium and tantalum complexes are usually measured at 340 and 335 nm, respectively.

The niobium complex is formed in slightly acidic medium, and the tantalum complex in strongly acidic medium (4 N HC1).
The absorption spectra are pH-dependen.

Pyrogallol was once used in hair dyeing, dyeing of suturing materials.
Pyrogallol also has antiseptic properties.

In alkaline solution, pyrogallol undergoes deprotonation.
Such solutions absorb oxygen from the air, turning brown.

This conversion can be used to determine the amount of oxygen in a gas sample, notably by the use of the Orsat apparatus.
Alkaline solutions of pyrogallol have been used for oxygen absorption in gas analysis.

Use in photography:
Pyrogallol was also used as a developing agent in the 19th and early 20th centuries in black-and-white developers.
Hydroquinone is more commonly used today.

Pyrogallol's use is largely historical except for special purpose applications.
Pyrogallol was still used by a few notable photographers including Edward Weston.

In those days it had a reputation for erratic and unreliable behavior, due possibly to its propensity for oxidation.
Pyrogallol experienced a revival starting in the 1980s due largely to the efforts of experimenters Gordon Hutchings and John Wimberley.

Hutchings spent over a decade working on pyrogallol formulas, eventually producing one he named PMK for its main ingredients: pyrogallol, Metol, and Kodalk (the trade name of Kodak for sodium metaborate).
This formulation resolved the consistency issues, and Hutchings found that an interaction between the greenish stain given to film by pyro developers and the color sensitivity of modern variable-contrast photographic papers gave the effect of an extreme compensating developer.

From 1969 to 1977, Wimberley experimented with the Pyrogallol developing agent.
He published his formula for WD2D in 1977 in Petersen's Photographic.

PMK and other modern pyro formulations are now used by many black-and-white photographers.
The Film Developing Cookbook has examples.

Another developer mainly based on pyrogallol was formulated by Jay DeFehr.
The 510-pyro is a concentrate that uses triethanolamine as alkali, and pyrogallol, ascorbic acid, and phenidone as combined developers in a single concentrated stock solution with long shelf life.

This developer has both staining and tanning properties and negatives developed with it are immune to the callier effect.
Pyrogallol can be used for small and large negative formats.

Industry Uses:
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable

Chemical Properties of Pyrogallol:
Pyrogallol is a strong reducing agent; it complexes metal ions (e.g., Fe³⁺, producing a blue color) and readily absorbs oxygen from the air in alkaline solution.
Upon prolonged exposure to air (especially in alkaline solution), pyrogallol oxidizes to carbon dioxide, acetic acid, purpurogallin (trihydroxybenztropolone), and other decomposition products; the solution then turns dark brown.
Due to this decomposition, aqueous solutions gradually become more acidic, hence the name pyrogallic acid, which is not an accurate name for the pure substance.

Production and Reactions of Pyrogallol:
Pyrogallol is produced in the manner first reported by Scheele in 1786: heating gallic acid to induce decarboxylation.

Gallic acid is also obtained from tannin.
Many alternative routes have been devised.
One preparation involves treating para-chlorophenoldisulfonic acid with potassium hydroxide a variant on the time-honored route to phenols from sulfonic acids.

Polyhydroxybenzenes are relatively electron-rich.
One manifestation is the easy C-acetylation of pyrogallol.

Production of Pyrogallol:
Pyrogallol is commercially produced by decarboxylation of gallic acid, which is prepared by hydrolysis of tannin.

The reaction is carried out in a batchwise.
A 50% aqueous solution of gallic acid is heated to 175-200°C in an autoclave, and the pressure increases to 1.2 MPa during the reaction.

Upon completion of the evolution of carbon dioxide, the solution is cooled.
The reaction proceeds quantitatively.

After decolorization of the reaction mixture with charcoal, a crude product is obtained, which is purified by sublimation or vacuum distillation.

The cost of obtaining pyrogallol is relatively high, as the starting material gallic acid is derived from a natural product that has limited availability.
Consequently, alternative methods for producing gallic acid have been sought.

Base-catalyzed condensation of trimethyl propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate with the dimethyl ketal of mesoxalic acid, followed by hydrolysis and decarboxylation, affords gallic acid in 74% yield.
The reaction of the ketal and glutaric ester yields pyrogallol without the generation of gallic acid.

Various other methods have also been developed for producing pyrogallol, such as the oxidation of resorcinol with hydrogen peroxide, hydrolysis of 2,6-diamino-4-butylphenol, demethylation of 4-substituted 2,6-dimethoxyphenols, oxidation of 2,6-dimethylphenol, hydrolysis of 2,2,6,6-tetrachlorocyclohexanone, deoximation of 1,2,3-cyclohexanetrion-1,3-dioxime, and dehydrogenation of 1,2,3-trihydroxycyclohexane.

Chemical Reactions:
Pyrogallol, a polyhydroxybenzene, is considered the most potent reducing agent.
Pyrogallol's aqueous solution rapidly absorbs gaseous oxygen and precipitates a dark brown substance.

Pyrogallol has been widely employed for the quantitative determination of oxygen owing to this property.

The chemical behavior of pyrogallol is comparable to that of phenols.
Mono-, di-, and trisubstituted products can be synthesized through traditional methods such as esterification and etherification of the hydroxy groups.

Upon heating with aqueous potassium bicarbonate, pyrogallol predominantly yields pyrogallol-4-carboxylic acid (2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid), with gallic acid as a byproduct.
Pyrogallol can undergo formylation, acylation, and Mannich reaction to form 4-substituted cyclohexenones as the primary product.

Bromination with bromine eventually results in 1,2,6,6-tetrabromocyclohexene-3,4,5-trione.
Reaction with phosgene yields pyrogallol carbonate, and with thionylbromide produces 4,5,6-tribromopyrogallol.

The quantitative analysis of heavy metal ions is accomplished via the highly sensitive color reactions of pyrogallol aqueous solution with them.
Precious metal ions (e.g., Ag+, Au2+, Hg2+) are reduced to elemental metals.

A catalyst for alternating polymerization of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide is created by a complex formed from diethylzinc and pyrogallol.

History of Pyrogallol:
Pyrogallol was first obtained in 1786 from gallic acid, obtainable from galls and barks of various trees.
Pyrogallol is converted to pyrogallol by heating with water under pressure.

Pyrogallol is the oldest photographic developer, its rapid deposition of silver from silver salts having first been noted in 1832.
Alkaline solutions of pyrogallol absorb oxygen efficiently and are used in determining the oxygen content of gas mixtures.

Stability and Reactivity of Pyrogallol:

Chemical stability:
Pyrogallol is stable under appropriate storage conditions but may gradually oxidize on exposure to air, light, and moisture.

Reactivity:
Pyrogallol acts as a reducing substance and may react strongly with oxidizing agents, bases, and other reactive chemicals.

Conditions to avoid:
Avoid excessive heat, prolonged air exposure, direct light, moisture, and contact with incompatible substances.

Incompatible materials:
Avoid strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, and other highly reactive materials.

Hazardous decomposition products:
Thermal decomposition or combustion may generate carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and irritating organic fumes.

Handling and Storage of Pyrogallol:

Safe handling:
Handle in a well-ventilated area and avoid generating dust or unnecessary contact with the skin and eyes.
Minimize exposure to air and light during handling.

Storage conditions:
Keep the container tightly closed in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place.
Protect from light, moisture, air, heat, and incompatible materials.

First Aid Measures of Pyrogallol:

Inhalation:
Move the affected person to fresh air and keep them comfortable for breathing.
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.

Skin contact:
Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
Obtain medical advice if irritation develops.

Eye contact:
Rinse cautiously with plenty of water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do and continue rinsing.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Ingestion:
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek medical attention if discomfort or adverse symptoms occur.

Firefighting Measures of Pyrogallol:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or suitable foam according to surrounding fire conditions.

Protective equipment:
Firefighters should wear appropriate protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus where necessary.

Fire-related decomposition:
Combustion may produce carbon oxides and irritating decomposition fumes.

Accidental Release Measures of Pyrogallol:

Personal precautions:
Provide adequate ventilation and avoid generating airborne dust.
Wear suitable personal protective equipment during cleanup.

Cleanup methods:
Carefully sweep or collect spilled material without creating excessive dust.
Place the recovered material in a suitable closed container for disposal.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent unnecessary release into drains, waterways, and soil.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protective of Pyrogallol:

Engineering controls:
Provide adequate general or local exhaust ventilation, especially where dust may be generated.

Eye protection:
Wear suitable safety glasses or chemical protective goggles.

Hand protection:
Wear appropriate chemical-resistant protective gloves.

Skin protection:
Wear suitable laboratory or industrial protective clothing to minimize direct contact.

Respiratory protection:
Use suitable particulate respiratory protection when ventilation is insufficient or airborne dust levels are elevated.

Hygiene measures:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where pyrogallol is handled or stored.

Identifiers of Pyrogallol:
Linear Formula: C6H3(OH)3
CAS Number: 87-66-1
Molecular Weight: 126.11
UNSPSC Code: 12352100
PubChem Substance ID: 24855345
NACRES: NA.21
EC Number: 201-762-9
MDL Number: MFCD00002192
Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 907431
Form: solid

Product Number: P0570
Purity / Analysis Method: >99.0%(GC)
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C6H6O3 = 126.11
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
Storage Temperature: Room Temperature (Recommended in a cool and dark place, <15°C)
Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas
Condition to Avoid: Light Sensitive,Air Sensitive
CAS RN: 87-66-1
Reaxys Registry Number: 907431
PubChem Substance ID: 87574741
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 2979
Merck Index (14): 8000
MDL Number: MFCD00002192

CAS Number: 87-66-1
3D model (JSmol): Interactive image
ChEBI: CHEBI:16164
ChEMBL: ChEMBL307145
ChemSpider: 13835557
ECHA InfoCard: 100.001.603
EC Number: 201-762-9
KEGG: C01108
PubChem CID: 1057
RTECS number: UX2800000
UNII: 01Y4A2QXY0
UN number: 2811
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID6025983
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H6O3/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(4)9/h1-3,7-9H
Key: WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1/C6H6O3/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(4)9/h1-3,7-9H
Key: WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYAT
SMILES: Oc1cccc(O)c1O

CAS No.: 87-66-1
Chemical Name: Pyrogallol
CBNumber: CB6107909
Molecular Formula: C6H6O3
Molecular Weight: 126.11
MDL Number: MFCD00002192
MOL File: 87-66-1.mol

CAS: 87-66-1
IUPAC Name: benzene-1,2,3-triol
Molecular Formula: C6H6O3
InChI Key: WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 126.11

Product Name: Pyrogallol, ACS reagent
Grade: ACS reagent
Quality Segment: 200
Vapor Density: 4.4 (vs air)
Vapor Pressure: 10 mmHg (167.7 °C)
Form: solid
Ign. Residue: ≤0.005%
Boiling Point: 309 °C ((lit.)), 309 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: 133-134 °C ((lit.)), 133-134 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.450 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Anion Traces: chloride (Cl-): ≤0.001%, sulfate (SO42-): ≤0.005%
Cation Traces: Fe: ≤0.001%, heavy metals (as Pb): ≤5 ppm
SMILES String: Oc1cccc(O)c1O
InChI: [1S/C6H6O3/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(4)9/h1-3,7-9H], 1S/C6H6O3/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(4)9/h1-3,7-9H
InChI Key: [WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N], WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Properties of Pyrogallol:
Chemical Formula: C6H6O3
Molar Mass: 126.111 g·mol−1
Density: 1.453 g/cm3 (4 °C)
Melting Point: 125.5 °C (257.9 °F; 398.6 K)
Boiling Point: 307 °C (585 °F; 580 K)
Refractive Index (nD): 1.561 (134 °C)

Melting Point: 43-47 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 309 °C
Density: 1.112 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Bulk Density: 600kg/m3
Vapor Density: 4.4 (vs air)
Vapor Pressure: 10 mm Hg (167.7 °C)
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.387
Flash Point: >230 °F
Storage Temperature: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: water: soluble
Form: Very Fine Crystalline Powder
pKa: pK1:9.03(0);pK2:11.63(+1) (25°C)
Color: White
PH: 4-5 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: 400 g/L (25 ºC)
Sensitive: Light Sensitive
Merck: 14,8000
BRN: 907431
Henry's Law Constant: 6.3×104 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015)
Major Application: pharmaceutical (small molecule)
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: HAIR DYEING
InChI: 1S/C6H6O3/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(4)9/h1-3,7-9H
InChIKey: WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: Oc1cccc(O)c1O
LogP: -0.47
FDA 21 CFR: 73.1375
CAS DataBase Reference: 87-66-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 4-7
FDA UNII: 01Y4A2QXY0
NIST Chemistry Reference: 1,2,3-Benzenetriol(87-66-1)
EPA Substance Registry System: Pyrogallol (87-66-1)
UNSPSC Code: 85151701
NACRES: NA.24

Molecular Weight: 126.11 g/mol
XLogP3: 0.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 126.031694049 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 126.031694049 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 60.7 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Complexity: 84.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Pyrogallol:
Appearance (Color): White to cream
Form: Crystals or powder or crystalline powder
Identification (FTIR): Conforms
Assay (Silylated GC): ≥98.0%
Melting Point (clear melt): 131-136?C
Appearance: White to Almost white powder to crystal
Purity (GC): min. 99.0 %
Melting Point: 130.0 to 136.0 °C
NMR: confirm to structure

Structure of Pyrogallol:
Crystal Structure: Monoclinic
Space Group: P21/n
Lattice Constant: a = 12.1144(11) Å, b = 3.7765(3) Å, c = 13.1365(12) Å
α = 90°, β = 115.484(1)°, γ = 90°
Formula Units (Z): 4

Names of Pyrogallol:

Preferred IUPAC name:
Benzene-1,2,3-triol

Other names:
1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzene
Pyrogallic acid
1,2,3-Benzenetriol