PRODUCTS

SEBACIC ACID

CAS No. : 111-20-6
EC No. : 203-845-5

Synonyms:
Decanedioic acid; 1,8-Octanedicarboxylic acid; 1,10-Decanedioic acid; 1,10-Decanedioic acid; 1,8-Octane dicarboxylic acid; C10H18O4; HOOC(CH2)8COOH; sebacic acid; DECANEDIOIC ACID; 111-20-6; 1,10-Decanedioic acid; 1,8-Octanedicarboxylic acid; Sebacic acids; Decanedicarboxylic acid; n-Decanedioic acid; Sebacinsaure; sebacate; Acide sebacique; Sebacinsaeure; USAF HC-1; Ipomic acid; Sebacinsaure [German]; Seracic acid; Decanedioic acid, homopolymer; Acide sebacique [French]; UNII-97AN39ICTC; NSC 19492; SebacicAcid; 1,8-dicarboxyoctane; CCRIS 2290; NSC19492; EINECS 203-845-5; BRN 1210591; 97AN39ICTC; AI3-09127; 26776-29-4; CHEBI:41865; Sebacic acid, 98%; DSSTox_CID_6867; DSSTox_RID_78231; DSSTox_GSID_26867; CAS-111-20-6; Polysebacic polyanhydride; n-Decanedioate; Iponic acid; 4-oxodecanedioate; sebacic acid group; 1,10-Decanedioate; Sebacic acid, 94%; Sebacic acid, 99%; Dicarboxylic acid C10; 1i8j; 1l6s; 1l6y; 1,8-Octanedicarboxylate; ACMC-1C1QX; WLN: QV8VQ; EC 203-845-5; SCHEMBL3977; NCIOpen2_008624; 4-02-00-02078 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); KSC176K6J; octane-1,8-dicarboxylic acid; ARONIS24100; Decanedioic acid 111-20-6; Sebacic acid, >=95.0% (GC); 1,10-decanedioic acid; 111-20-6 [RN]; 1210591 [Beilstein]; 203-845-5 [EINECS]; Acide sebacique [French]; Acide sébacique [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; Decanedioic acid [ACD/Index Name]; MFCD00004440 [MDL number]; Sebacic acid [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]; Sebacinsaure [German]; Sebacinsäure; 1,10 Decanedioic-2,2,9,9-d4 Acid; 1,8-dicarboxyoctane; 1,8-Octanedicarboxylic acid; SEBACIC ACID-C-D16; Sebacic acid; Decanedicarboxylic acid; 1,10-Decanedioic acid; 1,8-Octanedicarboxylic acid; Seracic acid; USAF HC-1; n-Decanedioic acid; NSC 19492; Ipomic acid; RARECHEM AL BO 0380; SEBACIC ACID; SEBACINIC ACID; DECANEDIOIC ACID; 1,8-OCTANEDICARBOXYLIC ACID; Polysebacic polyanhydride; n-Decanedioate; Iponic acid; 4-oxodecanedioate; sebacic acid group; 1,10-Decanedioic acid; 1,10-decanedioicacid; acidesebacique; Sorbitol Sebacic Acid Itaconic Acid; glycerol fumaric acid sebacic acid; glycerol maleic acid sebacic acid; 10-chloro-10-oxodecanoic acid; Sebacic acid 1-chloride; Sebacic acid 1-(4-hydroxybutyl) ester; 10-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-10-oxodecanoic acid; Hexamethylenetetramine-sebacic acid; Capryloyl glycerin/sebacic acid copolymer (2000 MPA.S); Lipfeel natural; Lex film natural gsc; N,N'-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,3-diaminobenzene sebacic acid; Decanedioic acid; 1,8-Octanedicarboxylic acid; 1,10-Decanedioic acid; 1,10-Decanedioic acid; 1,8-Octane dicarboxylic acid; C10H18O4; HOOC(CH2)8COOH; sebacic acid; DECANEDIOIC ACID; 111-20-6; 1,10-Decanedioic acid; 1,8-Octanedicarboxylic acid; Sebacic acids; Decanedicarboxylic acid; n-Decanedioic acid; Sebacinsaure; sebacate; Acide sebacique; Sebacinsaeure; USAF HC-1; Ipomic acid; Sebacinsaure [German]; Seracic acid; Decanedioic acid, homopolymer; Acide sebacique [French]; N-(4-pyridyl)acetamide, sebacic acid

Sebacic Acid

Production
Sebacic acid is produced from castor oil by cleavage of ricinoleic acid, which is obtained from castor oil. Octanol is a byproduct.[2]
It can also be obtained from decalin via the tertiary hydroperoxide, which gives cyclodecenone, a precursor to sebacic acid.[3]

Potential medical significance
Sebum is a secretion by skin sebaceous glands. It is a waxy set of lipids composed of triglycerides (≈41%), wax esters (≈26%), squalene (≈12%), and free fatty acids (≈16%).[4][5] Included in the free fatty acid secretions in sebum are polyunsaturated fatty acids of which sebacic acid is a major component. Sebacic acid is also found in other lipids that coat the skin surface. Human neutrophils can convert sebacic acid to its 5-oxo analog, i.e.5-oxo-6E,8Z-octadecaenoic acid (5-oxo-ODE). 5-Oxo-ODE is a structural analog of 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid and like this oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid is an exceptionally potent activator of eosinophils, monocytes, and other pro-inflammatory cells from humans and other species. This action is mediated by the OXER1 receptor on these cells. It is suggested that sebacic acid is converted to its 5-oxo analog during, and thereby stimulates pro-inflammatory cells to contribute to the worsening of, various inflammatory skin conditions.

Application
Sebacic acid has been used in the synthesis of:
• biodegradable and elastomeric polyesters [poly(glycerol sebacate)][3]
• novel bio-nylon, PA5.10[2]
• novel temperature-response hydrogel based on poly(ether-ester anhydride) nanoparticle for drug-delivery applications
Sebacic acid is a natural C10 liquid fatty acid, directly produced from castor oil. Our decanedioic acid has a high quality, a secure supply chain, and a natural origin.
Sebacic acid offers a competitve solution in many applications:
To produce polymers
In industry: to produce plasticizers, lubricants, and corrosion retardants
In cosmetics: as buffering ingredient or as a chemical intermediate to produce a wide range of esters

Cosmetic applications
Sebacic acid can be used directly in cosmetics formulation as a pH corrector (buffering). In this case, the main applications are skin care (mainly face/neck care), and color cosmetics.
The sebacic acid is also widely used as a synthesis intermediate to produce sebacates esters such as DIPS or DIS (diisopropyl sebacate), DOS (diethylhexyl sebacate), DES (diethyl sebacate) and DBS (dibutyl sebacate).
These sebacate are used as: emollient, solvent, plasticizer, masking (reducing or inhibiting the basic odour of the product), film forming, hair or skin conditioning. Generally, sebacate esters are claimed to enable a good penetration, give a non-oily and silky skin feel. These esters are also recognized to be good pigment dispersant (DOS), be good sun protection factor (SPF) booster (DIPS blended), and prevent whitening in antiperspirant (DIPS).

Plasticizers applications
The sebacic acid (DC 10), is widely used to produce a various range of plastics, and brings to those plastics a bio-based part. DC 10 provides a good compromise in term of properties: better than those given by adipic acid and very close to those allowed by dodecanedioic acid or by azelaic acid.
The most famous application of sebacic acid in the plastics world is the manufacture of polyamides (PA 6.10, PA 4.10, PA 10.10, etc). Compared to diacids with a lower carbon atom number (eg: adipic acid), the Sebacic acid provides better flexibility, ductility, hydrophobicity, and lower melting temperature.
The other types of plastics where sebacic acid is used are copolyamides, polyesters, copolyesters, alkyd resins, polyester, polyols, polyurethanes, etc.
Lubricant and anti-corrosion applications
Sebacic acid is widely used to produce a salt derivative, the (di)sodium sebacate, which is a corrosion inhibitor. The main application of this salt is coolant (anti-freeze) fluids for aircraft, automotive and truck engines.
Sebacic acid is also a raw material to produce sebacate diesters (DOS, DBS, …), used in complexed greases or lubricants. Generally, diesters are used as base oils for high performance lubricants (automotive, aerospace turbines, high reliability industrial hydraulics and compressor systems).
Moreover, sebacates have enhanced viscosity and excellent lubricity when compared with adipates.

SEBACIC ACID reacts exothermically to neutralize bases, both organic and inorganic. May react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt. Can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. Such reactions are slow in the dry, but systems may absorb enough water from the air to allow corrosion of iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. Reacts slowly with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Reacts with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide. May generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides. May react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Can be oxidized exothermically by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents. May initiate polymerization reactions.

Sebacic Acid and Azelaic Acid
Sebacic acid is normally made from castor oil, which is essentially glyceryl ricinoleate. The castor oil is treated with caustic soda at high temperature, for example 250 °C, so that saponification, leading to the formation of ricinoleic acid, is followed by a reaction giving sebacic acid and octan-2-ol:
Because of the by-products formed, the yield of sebacic acid is necessarily low, and in practice, yields of 50–55% (based on the castor oil) are considered to be good.
Sebacic acid is normally made from castor oil, which is essentially glyceryl ricinoleate. The castor oil is treated with caustic soda at high temperature, e.g. 250°C, so that saponification, leading to the formation of ricinoleic acid; is followed by a reaction giving sebacic acid and octan-2-ol Figure 18.5.

Sebacic acid may also be produced by an electrooxidation process developed by Asahi Chemical Industry in Japan (Yamataka et al., 1979), and also piloted by BASF in Germany. It produces high purity sebacic acid from readily available adipic acid. The process consists of three steps. Adipic acid is partially esterified to the monomethyl adipate. Electrolysis of the potassium salt of monomethyl adipate in a mixture of methanol and water gives dimethyl sebacate. The last step is the hydrolysis of dimethyl sebacate to sebacic acid. Overall yields are reported to be about 85% (Castor Oil, 2015).
Sebacic acid is used for PA610.

Sebacic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid with the formula (CH2)8(CO2H)2. It is a white flake or powdered solid. Sebaceus is Latin for tallow candle, sebum is Latin for tallow, and refers to its use in the manufacture of candles. Sebacic acid is a derivative of castor oil.[2]
In the industrial setting, sebacic acid and its homologues such as azelaic acid can be used as a monomer for nylon 610, plasticizers, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, cosmetics, candles, etc.
Sebacic acid is produced from castor oil by cleavage of ricinoleic acid, which is obtained from castor oil. Octanol is a byproduct.[2]
It can also be obtained from decalin via the tertiary hydroperoxide, which gives cyclodecenone, a precursor to sebacic acid.[3]
Sebum is a secretion by skin sebaceous glands. It is a waxy set of lipids composed of triglycerides (≈41%), wax esters (≈26%), squalene (≈12%), and free fatty acids (≈16%).[4][5] Included in the free fatty acid secretions in sebum are polyunsaturated fatty acids of which sebacic acid is a major component. Sebacic acid is also found in other lipids that coat the skin surface. Human neutrophils can convert sebacic acid to its 5-oxo analog, i.e.5-oxo-6E,8Z-octadecaenoic acid (5-oxo-ODE). 5-Oxo-ODE is a structural analog of 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid and like this oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid is an exceptionally potent activator of eosinophils, monocytes, and other pro-inflammatory cells from humans and other species. This action is mediated by the OXER1 receptor on these cells. It is suggested that sebacic acid is converted to its 5-oxo analog during, and thereby stimulates pro-inflammatory cells to contribute to the worsening of, various inflammatory skin conditions.

Degradation Characteristics
More hydrophobic polymers, PCPP and PCPP-SA 85:15, displayed constant erosion kinetics over eight months. By extrapolation, 1 mm thick disks of PCPP will completely degrade in more than three years. The degradation rates were enhanced by copolymerization with sebacic acid. An increase of 800 times was observed when the sebacic acid concentration reached 80%. By altering the CPP/SA ratio, nearly any degradation rate between 1 day and 3 years could be achieved (25) (Fig. 5).
Because of the by-products formed, the yield of sebacic acid is necessarily low and in practice yields of 50–55% (based on the castor oil) are considered to be good.
In a process said to be operated in Britain1 castor oil is subjected to alkaline fusion under critically controlled conditions to produce a mixture of methyl hexyl ketone and ω-hydroxydecanoic acid. Interaction of these two materials at higher temperatures leads to the formation of sebacic acid, as the sodium salt, and capryl alcohol. Heating must be rapid and even and any tendency to preheating must be avoided. The sebacic acid is formed from the sodium salt by precipitation with sulphuric acid.

The general structure of anhydride monomers used for photopolymerizations consists of a repeating hydrophobic core molecule such as sebacic acid, carboxyphenoxy propane, or carboxyphenoxy hexane with photoreactive methacrylate end groups. Multifunctional anhydride-based monomers and oligomers were first synthesized for materials with enhanced mechanical properties for bone tissue engineering.195 The extreme hydrophobicity of the polymer backbone, along with high cross-linking densities, prevents bulk degradation of the polymer. Instead, polyanhydrides degrade via hydrolysis of anhydride groups in a controlled fashion through surface erosion, while maintaining their structural integrity throughout the degradation process (> 70% of their tensile modulus with 50% mass loss).

The main method of preparation
(1) Castor oil is as raw material, ricinoleate is separated from castor oil, with the condition of inflating and 280~300℃, caustic soda proceeds alkali fusion and the reaction is heated for 10h, sebum acid sodium salt can obtain, deputy product is 2-octanol. The sodium salt is dissolved in water, adding sulfuric acid to neutralize, after bleaching, the solution is cooled to precipitate sebum acid, it is washed with cold water, and finally recrystallized.
CH3 (CH2) 5CH (OH) CH2CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH +
2NaOH → CH3 (CH2) 5CH (OH) CH3 + NaOOC (CH2) 8COONa + H2
NaOOC (CH2) 3COONa + H2SO4 → HOOC (CH2) 8COOH + Na2SO4
(2) Adipic acid (hexane diacid) is as raw material to synthesize. Adipic acid and methanol can proceed esterification reaction to form dimethyl adipate, ion exchange membrane proceeds electrolytic oxidation to get dimer, i.e., dimethyl sebacate, and then reacts with sodium hydroxide to form the disodium salt, hydrochloric acid (or sulfuric acid) is used to neutralize and Sebacic acid can obtain.
Chemical properties, uses and methods of preparation of sebacic acid are edited by Chemicalbook andy.（2016-12-04）

Uses
Sebacic acid is widely used in the preparation of sebacic acid esters, such as dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl sebacate. These esters can be used as plasticizers for plastics and cold-resistant rubber, as well as for polyamide, polyurethane, alkyd resin, synthetic lubricating oil, lubricating oil additives, spices, coatings, cosmetics, etc. It can also be used as raw material for producing nylon 1010, nylon 910, nylon 810, nylon 610, nylon 9 and high temperature resistant lubricating oil diethylhexyl ester. It is also the raw material for the production of alkyd resins (used as surface coatings, plasticized nitrocellulose coatings, and urea resin varnishes) and polyurethane rubber, cellulose resins, vinyl resins, and synthetic rubber plasticizers, softeners, and solvents.

Uses
1. Sebacic acid can be used as cold plasticizer, nylon resins and other raw material.
2. It can be used as analytical reagents, etc.
3. Sebacic acid is mainly used as sebate plasticizer and nylon molding resin raw material, it is also used for high-temperature lubricant raw material. Its main product is methyl ester, isopropyl, butyl, octyl, nonyl phenyl ester and methyl ester, common ester is dibutyl sebacate and dioctyl sebacate. Sebacic acid plasticizers can be widely used in polyvinyl chloride, alkyd resins, polyester resins and polyamide molding resin due to its low toxicity and high temperature performance, so it is often used in the resin of some special purposes. Nylon molding resin which producted by sebacic acid has high toughness and low moisture absorption, it can also be processed into many special-purpose products. Sebacic acid is also rubber softener, surfactant, coating and fragrance raw materials.
4. Sebacic acid is used as GC Less tail agent, separation and analysis of fatty acids, it can be used to precipitate and quantitative determination of thorium, separation of thorium, cerium and other rare earth elements. Plasticizers, synthetic resins and synthetic fibers.

Production method
It can be obtained by raw materials of natural castor oil or adipic acid monoester. Sebacic acid can be obtained by polymerization reaction with ethylene and carbon tetrachloride, but the world's industrial production of sebacic acid almost all use castor oil as raw material.
1. castor oil cracking process: under effect of alkali, castor oil is heated to proceed hydrolysis and generates sodium castor oil soap, then sulfuric acid is added to acidolysis and ricinoleic acid is obtained; in the presence of diluent cresol , alkali is added and it is heated to 260-280℃ to proceed splitting decomposition and generates sebacic acid and sodium bis octanol and hydrogen, lysate is diluted with water, heated and adding acid to neutralize, double salt is turned into monosodium salt; and then neutralized liquid after actived carbon decoloration is boiling and added acid, sebacic acid monosodium salt turns into sebacic acid and seeds out, after separation, drying can derive products. Material consumption fixed: castor oil (industrial) 2100kg/t, sulfuric acid (98%) 1600kg/t, caustic soda (95%) 1200kg/t, cresol (industrial) 100kg/t. 2.Oil n-decane fermentation method: n-decane is obtained by the separation of 200 # solvent oil or 166-182℃ fraction, sebacic acid is obtained by 19-2 Solutions Candida lipolytica fermentation.
2. New cyclopentanone method: palladium salt-copper or iron is as catalyst, in the solvent of ethanol, propanol or other alcohol, in the eased condition of low temperature of 40-60℃ and ordinary pressure, cyclopentene is oxidated by air to generate cyclopentanone, then it is obtained by oxidated of iron catalyst and titanium.

Toxicity
Sebacic acid, also known as 1, 10-decanedioic acid, belongs to aliphatic dibasic acid. Sebacic acid was present in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and aromatic tobacco. Sebacic acid was white crystal in flake form at room temperature. Slightly soluble in water, sebacic acid was insoluble in benzene, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride. In contrast, sebacic acid was soluble in ethanol and ethyl ether. Irritant to the eyes, respiratory system and skin irritation, sebacic acid oral harmful. However, sebacic acid was low toxic and flammable.

Hazards & Safety Information
Category: Flammable liquid
Toxicity: grading toxicity
Acute oral toxicity-rat LD50: 14375 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 6000 mg/kg
Flammability hazard characteristics: flammable, the fire discharges acrid smoke
Storage characteristics: Treasury ventilation low-temperature drying
Extinguishing agent: Dry powder, foam, sand, water

Description
Sebacic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with structure (HOOC)(CH2)8(COOH), and is naturally occurring.
In its pure state it is a white flake or powdered crystal. The product is described as non-hazardous, though in its powdered form it can be prone to flash ignition (a typical risk in handling fine organic powders).
Sebaceus is Latin for tallow candle, sebum (tallow) is Latin for tallow, and refers to its use in the manufacture of candles. Sebacic acid is a derivative of castor oil, with the vast majority of world production occurring in China which annually exports over 20,000 metric tonnes, representing over 90 % of global trade of the product.
In the industrial setting, sebacic acid and its homologues such as azelaic acid can be used in plasticizers, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, cosmetics, candles, etc. Sebacic acid is also used as an intermediate for aromatics, antiseptics, and painting materials.
Chemical Properties white powder

Uses
Decanedioic acid was named by Thenard LJ (1802) from the Latin sebaceus(tallow candle) or sebum (tallow) in reference to its use in the manufacture of candles. Thenard LJ isolated this compound from distillation products of beef tallow. In 1954, it was reported that it was produced in excess of 10,000 tons annually by alkali fission of castor oil. Sebacic acid and its derivatives, as azelaic acid, have a variety of industrial uses as plasticizers, lubricants, diffusion pump oils, cosmetics, candles, etc. It is also used in the synthesis of polyamide, as nylon, and of alkyd resins. An isomer, isosebacic acid, has several applications in the manufacture of vinyl resin plasticizers, extrusion plastics, adhesives, ester lubricants, polyesters, polyurethane resins and synthetic rubber.
General Description
White granular powder. Melting point 153°F. Slightly soluble in water. Sublimes slowly at 750 mm Hg when heated to melting point.
Air & Water Reactions   Insoluble in water.
Sebacic acid is a saturated, straight-chain naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid.

Reactivity Profile
Sebacic acid reacts exothermically to neutralize bases, both organic and inorganic. May react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt. Can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. Such reactions are slow in the dry, but systems may absorb enough water from the air to allow corrosion of iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. Reacts slowly with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Reacts with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide. May generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides. May react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Can be oxidized exothermically by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents. May initiate polymerization reactions.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for Sebacic acid are not available. Sebacic acid is probably combustible.
Purification Methods
Purify sebacic acid via the disodium salt which, after crystallisation from boiling water (charcoal), is again converted to the free acid. The free acid is crystallised repeatedly from hot distilled water or from Me2CO/pet ether and dried under vacuum.

Production
Sebacic acid is produced from castor oil by cleavage of ricinoleic acid, which is obtained from castor oil. Octanol is a byproduct.
It can also be obtained from decalin via the tertiary hydroperoxide, which gives cyclodecenone, a precursor to sebacic acid.[3]

Sebacic acid is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane. It has a role as a human metabolite and a plant metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a sebacate(2-) and a sebacate. It derives from a hydride of a decane.
Sebacic acid is a white granular powder. Melting point 153°F. Slightly soluble in water. Sublimes slowly at 750 mm Hg when heated to melting point.
Aliphatic Polyamides
ProfessorMarianne Gilbert, in Brydson's Plastics Materials (Eighth Edition), 2017

18.2.3 Sebacic Acid and Azelaic Acid
Sebacic acid is normally made from castor oil, which is essentially glyceryl ricinoleate. The castor oil is treated with caustic soda at high temperature, for example 250 °C, so that saponification, leading to the formation of ricinoleic acid, is followed by a reaction giving sebacic acid and octan-2-ol:
Because of the by-products formed, the yield of sebacic acid is necessarily low, and in practice, yields of 50–55% (based on the castor oil) are considered to be good.

In a process said to be operated in Britain1 castor oil is subjected to alkaline fusion under critically controlled conditions to produce a mixture of methyl hexyl ketone and ω-hydroxydecanoic acid. Interaction of these two materials at higher temperatures leads to the formation of sebacic acid, as the sodium salt, and capryl alcohol. Heating must be rapid and even and any tendency to preheating must be avoided. The sebacic acid is formed from the sodium salt by precipitation with sulphuric acid.
Nylon 610 is produced by the reaction of hexamethylenediamine with sebacic acid, initially to form a 1:1 nylon 610 salt, which is then polymerised at about 240 °C. The polymer has a melting point of around 216 °C and a low water absorption of around 1–1.2% at 21 °C and 65% RH, which gives it better dimensional stability and electrical properties than nylon 6 and nylon 6.6.It is a commercially important polymer and is often used in place of nylon 6 and nylon 6.6 in engineering plastics applications. Mechanical properties of the dry polymer are lower than those for nylon 6 and nylon 6.6 (tensile modulus is typically 70% of that for the other two polymers). It is frequently used as extruded monofilament. See Table 8.3 for typical properties of nylon 6.10 polymer.

Sebacic acid is widely used in the preparation of sebacic acid esters, such as dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl sebacate. These esters can be used as plasticizers for plastics and cold-resistant rubber, as well as for polyamide, polyurethane, alkyd resin, synthetic lubricating oil, lubricating oil additives, spices, coatings, cosmetics, etc. It can also be used as raw material for producing nylon 1010, nylon 910, nylon 810, nylon 610, nylon 9 and high temperature resistant lubricating oil diethylhexyl ester. It is also the raw material for the production of alkyd resins (used as surface coatings, plasticized nitrocellulose coatings, and urea resin varnishes) and polyurethane rubber, cellulose resins, vinyl resins, and synthetic rubber plasticizers, softeners, and solvents.

1. Sebacic acid can be used as cold plasticizer, nylon resins and other raw material.
2. It can be used as analytical reagents, etc.
3. Sebacic acid is mainly used as sebate plasticizer and nylon molding resin raw material, it is also used for high-temperature lubricant raw material. Its main product is methyl ester, isopropyl, butyl, octyl, nonyl phenyl ester and methyl ester, common ester is dibutyl sebacate and dioctyl sebacate. Sebacic acid plasticizers can be widely used in polyvinyl chloride, alkyd resins, polyester resins and polyamide molding resin due to its low toxicity and high temperature performance, so it is often used in the resin of some special purposes. Nylon molding resin which producted by sebacic acid has high toughness and low moisture absorption, it can also be processed into many special-purpose products. Sebacic acid is also rubber softener, surfactant, coating and fragrance raw materials.
4. Sebacic acid is used as GC Less tail agent, separation and analysis of fatty acids, it can be used to precipitate and quantitative determination of thorium, separation of thorium, cerium and other rare earth elements. Plasticizers, synthetic resins and synthetic fibers.

It can be obtained by raw materials of natural castor oil or adipic acid monoester. Sebacic acid can be obtained by polymerization reaction with ethylene and carbon tetrachloride, but the world's industrial production of sebacic acid almost all use castor oil as raw material.
1. castor oil cracking process: under effect of alkali, castor oil is heated to proceed hydrolysis and generates sodium castor oil soap, then sulfuric acid is added to acidolysis and ricinoleic acid is obtained; in the presence of diluent cresol , alkali is added and it is heated to 260-280℃ to proceed splitting decomposition and generates sebacic acid and sodium bis octanol and hydrogen, lysate is diluted with water, heated and adding acid to neutralize, double salt is turned into monosodium salt; and then neutralized liquid after actived carbon decoloration is boiling and added acid, sebacic acid monosodium salt turns into sebacic acid and seeds out, after separation, drying can derive products. Material consumption fixed: castor oil (industrial) 2100kg/t, sulfuric acid (98%) 1600kg/t, caustic soda (95%) 1200kg/t, cresol (industrial) 100kg/t. 2.Oil n-decane fermentation method: n-decane is obtained by the separation of 200 # solvent oil or 166-182℃ fraction, sebacic acid is obtained by 19-2 Solutions Candida lipolytica fermentation.
2. New cyclopentanone method: palladium salt-copper or iron is as catalyst, in the solvent of ethanol, propanol or other alcohol, in the eased condition of low temperature of 40-60℃ and ordinary pressure, cyclopentene is oxidated by air to generate cyclopentanone, then it is obtained by oxidated of iron catalyst and titanium.

Sebacic acid, also known as 1, 10-decanedioic acid, belongs to aliphatic dibasic acid. Sebacic acid was present in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and aromatic tobacco. Sebacic acid was white crystal in flake form at room temperature. Slightly soluble in water, sebacic acid was insoluble in benzene, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride. In contrast, sebacic acid was soluble in ethanol and ethyl ether. Irritant to the eyes, respiratory system and skin irritation, sebacic acid oral harmful. However, sebacic acid was low toxic and flammable.

Sebacic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with structure (HOOC)(CH2)8(COOH), and is naturally occurring.
In its pure state it is a white flake or powdered crystal. The product is described as non-hazardous, though in its powdered form it can be prone to flash ignition (a typical risk in handling fine organic powders).
Sebaceus is Latin for tallow candle, sebum (tallow) is Latin for tallow, and refers to its use in the manufacture of candles. Sebacic acid is a derivative of castor oil, with the vast majority of world production occurring in China which annually exports over 20,000 metric tonnes, representing over 90 % of global trade of the product.
In the industrial setting, sebacic acid and its homologues such as azelaic acid can be used in plasticizers, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, cosmetics, candles, etc. Sebacic acid is also used as an intermediate for aromatics, antiseptics, and painting materials.

Sebacic acid reacts exothermically to neutralize bases, both organic and inorganic. May react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt. Can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. Such reactions are slow in the dry, but systems may absorb enough water from the air to allow corrosion of iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. Reacts slowly with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Reacts with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide. May generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides. May react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Can be oxidized exothermically by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents. May initiate polymerization reactions.

More hydrophobic polymers, PCPP and PCPP-SA 85:15, displayed constant erosion kinetics over eight months. By extrapolation, 1 mm thick disks of PCPP will completely degrade in more than three years. The degradation rates were enhanced by copolymerization with sebacic acid. An increase of 800 times was observed when the sebacic acid concentration reached 80%. By altering the CPP/SA ratio, nearly any degradation rate between 1 day and 3 years could be achieved (25) (Fig. 5).
Because of the by-products formed, the yield of sebacic acid is necessarily low and in practice yields of 50–55% (based on the castor oil) are considered to be good.
In a process said to be operated in Britain1 castor oil is subjected to alkaline fusion under critically controlled conditions to produce a mixture of methyl hexyl ketone and ω-hydroxydecanoic acid. Interaction of these two materials at higher temperatures leads to the formation of sebacic acid, as the sodium salt, and capryl alcohol. Heating must be rapid and even and any tendency to preheating must be avoided. The sebacic acid is formed from the sodium salt by precipitation with sulphuric acid.