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SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is a salt of composition Na6[(PO3)6].
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) of commerce is typically a mixture of metaphosphates (empirical formula: NaPO3), of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name. Such a mixture is more correctly termed sodium polymetaphosphate.
They are white solids that dissolve in water.
CAS number: 10124-56-8
Formula: Na6O18P6, (NaPO3)6 = 611.82
Synonyms:;Hexasodium hexametaphosphate;Chemi-charl;Calgon S;Calgon (old);Caswell No. 772;Hexasodium metaphosphate;Phosphate, sodium hexameta;FEMA 3027;HSDB 5053;Natrium hexametaphosphat;N40N91DW96;EINECS 233-343-1;Sodium hexametaphosphate (Na6P6O18);EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076402;UNII-N40N91DW96;DTXSID1047522;Metaphosphoric acid (H6P6O18), hexasodium salt;METAPHOSPHORIC ACID SODIUM SALT;SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE((NAPO3)6);EC 233-343-1;HYPHOS CONCENTRATE;DTXCID9027522;hmp;sodium hexametaphosphate;Calgon;Graham's salt;SODIUMHEXAMETAPHOSPHATE;hexasodium;2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-;2lambda5,4lambda5,6lambda5,8lambda5,10lambda5,12lambda5-hexaphosphacyclododecane ;2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide;SHMP;Medi-Calgon;Hexametaphosphate, sodium salt;polymetaphosphate;Sodium phosphate (Na6P6O18);Natrium hexametaphosphat [German];Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt;Sodium hexamethylphosphate;Hexasodium metaphosphate (P6O186(-));FS180002;HEXASODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE [HSDB];NS00014057;Sodium hexametaphosphate, LR, >=67% P2O5 basis;Q3116769;Hexasodium cyclohexaphosphoxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexolate 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide;SHP
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is a hexamer of sodium phosphate (NaPO3)6.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is a water-soluble polyphosphate that consists of chains of six repeating phosphate units.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, of which the hexamer is one.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is more correctly called sodium polymetaphosphate.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is an inorganic polyphosphate that can be produced by chemical synthesis.
Here introducing three manufacturing process according to various raw materials:
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) and phosphoric acid as raw materials mixed evenly and subjected to melt polymerization.
Caustic soda liquid reacts with phosphoric acid, and then add sodium nitrate, dewatering and agglomerating process are conducted in an agglomeration gasifier.
Uses
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) products used for water softening and detergents.
A significant use for SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ), also known as its abbreviation SHMP, a polyphosphate commonly used in dairy products, sausage, seafood, meat processing, toothpaste, and also in water treatment.
The European food additive number for SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is E452i.
Generally, its purpose in food is as a texturizer, sequestrant, thickener, and emulsifier.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) has a wide variety of uses in both the food and industrial industries (Please note this is strictly none food grade use) for its qualities as a dispersant, sequestrant, and agent for threshold corrosion inhibition in water treatment processes.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) has many uses in various industrial applications, such as water treatment, detergent and toothpaste manufacturing, ceramic manufacturing, and Kaolin and clay processing.
For oil field, paper-making, textile, dyeing, petrochemical industry, tanning industry, metallurgical industry and building material industry, it is mainly used as a water softening agent in solution for printing, dyeing, and boiler; Diffusant in papermaking; Retarding agent, floating agent, dispersing medium, high temperature agglomerate, detergent and soil analytical chemistry reagent.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is a white or clear, odorless, free-flowing powder.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is cleared by the Meat and Poultry Inspection Division to decrease the amount of cooked-out juices in poultry, canned hams, pork shoulder picnics and loins, canned hams and pork shoulder picnics, chopped ham and bacon as follows: 5.0% phosphate in pickle at 10% pump level; 0.5% phosphate in product (only clear solutions may be injected into product).
In the food industry, SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used as an emulsifier and is labelled E452i under the E-list classification.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) can be found in various spreads, condensed milk, egg white concentrates, fish and meat products, fruit gum, etc.
This wide range of applications is due not only to the ability of SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) to distribute the oil phase in water, but also to its ability to impart a sensation of moisture and to retain moisture in an adsorptive state, resulting not only in foods remaining stable for a longer period of time, but also in a significantly better taste.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) can also be found in pectin-containing products, as it facilitates the dissolution of pectins and their even mixing.
In water treatment, SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used as an effective sequestrant (metal ion binding) in water softening.
The addition of SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) produces products which raise the pH to 8.0-8.6, and act partly as pH stabilizers and softeners.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) also acts as a dispersant, i.e. it clarifies the water.
Acting as a deflocculant, SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) prevents the adhesion of colloidal, organic and inorganic particles, thus protecting the water from the growth of micro-organisms in the event of flocculation (particle adhesion) and when this cannot be eliminated by normal filtration.
In ceramics, SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is very effective as a deflocculant, i.e. an additive that helps to distribute the clay particles evenly and prevents them from sticking together.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) can also be used as a clay or soil dispersant to assess soil texture.
In the cleaning industry, SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used as an emollient to prevent dirt particles from settling on the surfaces to be cleaned during cleaning.
In cosmetics, SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used in toothpastes as a plaque-cleaning ingredient and as a plaque preventative.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) can also be used as an aid in the dissolution of pectin. Key INCI Functions:
Anti-corrosive: prevents corrosion of packaging
Chelating: Reacts and forms complexes with metal ions which may affect the stability and/or appearance of cosmetic products.
Masking: Reduces or suppresses the odor or main flavor of the product
In the paint industry, SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used to evenly distribute the paint on the surface, thus avoiding pigmented spots.
In the construction industry, sodium hexametaphosphate is used as a cement setting accelerator.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) can be found in fast-drying mixtures.
Food additive
As a food additive, SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used as an emulsifier.
Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled drinks, among other foods, can contain SHMP.
Water softener salt
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is used in Diamond Crystal brand Bright & Soft Salt Pellets for water softeners in a concentration of 0.03%.
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is the only additive other than sodium chloride.
Preparation
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is prepared by heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate:
2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
Subsequently, the pyrophosphate is heated to give the corresponding sodium hexametaphosphate:
3 Na2H2P2O7 → (NaPO3)6 + 3 H2O
followed by rapid cooling.
Reactions
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions and/or heat, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate.
History
SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) is the alkali salt of one of the series of polymetaphosphoric acids (acids formed by the polymerization of phosphate groups).
Hexametaphosphoric acid was first made in 1825 by the German chemist Johann Frederich Philipp Engelhart (1797-1853).
For his doctoral thesis, Engelhart intended to determine whether iron was responsible for the red color of blood.
In order to purify his blood samples, Engelhart had found that he could coagulate the blood serum's albumin (dissolved proteins) by treating the blood with phosphoric acid.
This contradicted the findings of the famous Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius, who had stated that phosphoric acid did not coagulate water-soluble proteins such as egg white.
Berzelius and Engelhart collaborated with the intention of resolving the contradiction; they concluded that Engelhart had produced a new form of phosphoric acid simply by burning phosphorus in air and then dissolving the resulting substance in water.
However they did not determine the new acid's composition.
That analysis was accomplished in 1833 by the Scottish chemist Thomas Graham, who named the sodium salt of the new acid "metaphosphate of soda".
Graham's findings were confirmed by the German chemists Justus von Liebig and Theodor Fleitmann.
In 1849 Fleitmann coined the name "SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate )".
By 1956, chromatographic analysis of hydrolysates of Graham's salt (sodium polyphosphate) indicated the presence of cyclic anions containing more than four phosphate groups; these findings were confirmed in 1961.
In 1963, the German chemists Erich Thilo and Ulrich Schülke succeeded in preparing SHMP (Sodium hexametaphosphate ) by heating anhydrous sodium trimetaphosphate.
