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CAS Number : 532-32-1
EC Number:208-534-8
Sodium benzoate = Benzoic acid, sodium salt
Sodium benzoate is an organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.
Sodium benzoate has a role as an antimicrobial food preservative, a drug allergen, an EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor, an algal metabolite, a human xenobiotic metabolite and a plant metabolite.
Sodium benzoate contains a benzoate.
The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID.
Sodium benzoate is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods.
Sodium benzoate may also be used as a test for liver function.
Sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, widely used as a food preservative and pickling agent.
A white crystalline chemical with the formula C6H5COONa, it has an E number of E211.
Sodium benzoate can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid.
Production
Sodium benzoate is produced by the neutralization of benzoic acid, which is itself produced commercially by partial oxidation of toluene with oxygen.
Natural occurrence
Many foods are natural sources of benzoic acid, its salts (such as sodium benzoate), and its esters.
Fruits and vegetables can be rich sources, particularly berries such as cranberry and bilberry.
Other sources include seafood, such as prawns, and dairy products.
Uses
As a preservative
Sodium benzoate is a preservative, with the E number E211.
Sodium benzoate is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (i.e. acetic acid in vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (acetic acid), condiments, and frozen yogurt toppings.
Sodium benzoate is also used as a preservative in medicines and cosmetics.
Under these conditions it is converted into benzoic acid (E210), which is bacteriostatic and fungistatic.
Benzoic acid is generally not used directly due to its poor water solubility.
Concentration as a food preservative is limited by the FDA in the U.S. to 0.1% by weight.
Sodium benzoate is also allowed as an animal food additive at up to 0.1%, per the Association of American Feed Control Officials.
Sodium benzoate has been replaced by potassium sorbate in the majority of soft drinks in the United Kingdom.
In pharmaceuticals
Sodium benzoate is used as a treatment for urea cycle disorders due to its ability to bind amino acids.
This leads to excretion of these amino acids and a decrease in ammonia levels.
Recent research shows that sodium benzoate may be beneficial as an add-on therapy (1 gram/day) in schizophrenia.
Total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores dropped by 21% compared to placebo.
Sodium benzoate, along with phenylbutyrate, is used to treat hyperammonemia.
Sodium benzoate, along with caffeine, is used to treat postdural puncture headache, respiratory depression associated with overdosage of narcotics, and with ergotamine to treat vascular headache.
Other
Sodium benzoate is also used in fireworks as a fuel in whistle mix, a powder that emits a whistling noise when compressed into a tube and ignited.
Mechanism of food preservation
The mechanism starts with the absorption of benzoic acid into the cell.
If the intracellular pH falls to 5 or lower, the anaerobic fermentation of glucose through phosphofructokinase decreases sharply, which inhibits the growth and survival of microorganisms that cause food spoilage.
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Sodium benzoate
Other names
E211, benzoate of soda
Identifiers
CAS Number : 532-32-1
ChEBI : CHEBI:113455
ChEMBL : ChEMBL1356
ChemSpider : 10305
ECHA InfoCard : 100.007.760
E number : E211 (preservatives)
PubChem CID : 517055
RTECS number: DH6650000
UNII : OJ245FE5EU
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) : DTXSID1020140
Properties
Chemical formula :C7H5NaO2
Molar mass :144.105 g·mol−1
Appearance :white or colorless
crystalline powder
Odor: odorless
Density: 1.497 g/cm3
Melting point: 410 °C (770 °F; 683 K)
Solubility in water :62.65 g/100 mL (0 °C)
62.84 g/100 mL (15 °C)
62.87 g/100 mL (30 °C)
74.2 g/100 mL (100 °C)[1]
Solubility s : oluble in liquid ammonia, pyridine
Solubility in methanol:8.22 g/100 g (15 °C)
7.55 g/100 g (66.2 °C)
Solubility in ethanol : 2.3 g/100 g (25 °C)
8.3 g/100 g (78 °C)
Solubility in 1,4-Dioxane: 0.818 mg/kg (25 °C)[1]
Pharmacology
ATC code :. A16AX11 (WHO)
Hazards
Pictograms: GHS07: Exclamation mark
Signal word: Warning
Hazard statements :H319
Precautionary statements: P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamond
210
Flash point: 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K)
Autoignition temperature : 500 °C (932 °F; 773 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose) : 4100 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Sodium benzoate is a preservative added to some sodas, packaged foods, and personal care products to prolong shelf life.
What Is Sodium Benzoate?
Sodium benzoate is best known as a preservative used in processed foods and beverages to extend shelf life, though it has several other uses.
Sodium benzoate an odorless, crystalline powder made by combining benzoic acid and sodium hydroxide.
Benzoic acid is a good preservative on its own, and combining it with sodium hydroxide helps it dissolve in products.
Sodium benzoate does not occur naturally, but benzoic acid is found in many plants, including cinnamon, cloves, tomatoes, berries, plums, apples, and cranberries.
Additionally, certain bacteria produce benzoic acid when fermenting dairy products like yogurt.
Various Uses in Different Industries
Aside from its use in processed foods and beverages, sodium benzoate is also added to some medicines, cosmetics, personal care products, and industrial products.
Here’s a closer look at its many functions.
Foods and Beverages
Sodium benzoate is the first preservative the FDA allowed in foods and still a widely used food additive.
Sodium benzoate classified as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS), meaning that experts consider it safe when used as intended.
Sodium benzoate approved internationally as a food additive and is assigned the identifying number 211.
For example, it’s listed as E211 in European food products.
Sodium benzoate inhibits the growth of potentially harmful bacteria, mold, and other microbes in food, thus deterring spoilage.
Sodium benzoate particularly effective in acidic foods.
Therefore, it’s commonly used in foods, such as soda, bottled lemon juice, pickles, jelly, salad dressing, soy sauce, and other condiments.
Medications
Sodium benzoate is used as a preservative in some over-the-counter and prescription medications, particularly in liquid medicines like cough syrup.
Additionally, it can be a lubricant in pill manufacturing and makes tablets transparent and smooth, helping them break down rapidly after you swallow them.
Lastly, larger amounts of sodium benzoate may be prescribed to treat elevated blood levels of ammonia.
Ammonia is a byproduct of protein breakdown, and blood levels may become dangerously high in certain medical conditions.
Other Uses
Sodium benzoate is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care items, such as hair products, baby wipes, toothpaste, and mouthwash.
Sodium benzoate also has industrial uses.
One of its biggest applications is to deter corrosion, such as in coolants for car engines.
What’s more, it may be used as a stabilizer in photo processing and to improve the strength of some types of plastic
Appearance : White Powder
Chemical Name: E211, Benzoate Of Soda
Chemical Formula: NaC6H5CO2
Packaging Type: 25 Kg. Warm Bags
Definition and Usage Areas:
Sodium benzoate, sodium benzoate, which is included in many products, is a kind of salt derivative preferred as a preservative.
Sodium benzoate substance, which is also used to add flavor to some products, should not be used excessively in food products.
Sodium benzoate was deemed appropriate to use a maximum of 0.1%.
Excessive use of sodium benzoate in foods can cause serious health problems in people.
This substance taken in excess of the given measure can cause problems such as obesity over time and may cause serious adverse events in the coming days.
Sodium benzoate, which is used to extend the shelf life of food products, canned products, especially soft drinks, toothpastes, medicines and pickles are used.
How much sodium benzonate is used in ready-to-eat foods can be written in the ingredients of the product.
Benzonic, which is the active ingredient of sodium benzonate, is naturally present in plants or animals.
This substance, which is not seen as very healthy, is found in almost every ready-made food.
Sodium benzoate may also be included in ready meals, sausage, salami, drinks with dye, chips, ready-made meatball mortars, ready-made sauces, fruit juices and candies.
Since these products have a slightly longer shelf life, it will be inevitable that they contain additives.
Usage areas
Sodium Benzoate is used as a preservative in the food industries and in the production of some industrial products. It is widely used in the food industry, especially in carbonated drinks and similar beverages, pickles, ketchup and similar sauces, marmalade and jams, margarine, olive production, processed fish products and confectionery.
Sodium Benzoate is a food additive that makes food products resistant to mold and fungi.
In addition, it has the feature of preserving food colors.
As with all food preservatives, excessive use can affect the taste of the food product.
As with food preservatives, it is generally recommended to use 0.1% to 0.2% of Sodium Benzoate.
Sodium benzoate is a synthetic chemical produced when benzoic acid, which is found naturally in some fruits and spices, is combined with sodium hydroxide.
Sodium benzoate is a synthetic chemical produced when benzoic acid, which is found naturally in some fruits and spices, is combined with sodium hydroxide.
Since sodium benzoate contains a natural ingredient, it is probably safe, right?
After all, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Canadian Health Protection Branch have pronounced this chemical preservative to be acceptable when consumed in low amounts.
In fact, the FDA has granted sodium benzoate GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status.
In water, the acceptable limit, set by the Environmental Protection Agency, is 5 parts per billion (ppb).
But this common food additive, which is found in carbonated sodas, fruit juice products, salad dressings, and fermented foods such as vinegar, wine, and pickles, is not natural nor safe. Here’s the story.
Sodium benzoate is a sodium salt that is present at extremely low levels in berries, apples, plums, cinnamon, and several other natural foods.
Sodium benzoate nothing scary about the chemical in these items.
But lab-synthesized sodium benzoate (and its close relative, benzoic acid) are a different story.
When these preservatives are added to foods and to the interior of metal cans that contain beverages or liquid foods, they can have a detrimental effect on your health.
What Is Sodium Benzoate?
Sodium benzoate is a type of salt-based preservative added to food, beverage and condiments to extend the items' shelf life, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
While it is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA in small doses, sodium benzoate may cause harmful health effects under certain conditions.
Beyond food products, sodium benzoate is sometimes added to cosmetic and personal care products
Sodium Benzoate Uses
Sodium benzoate is a strong antimicrobial, according to the NIH.
Sodium benzoate is commonly used to preserve acidic foods such as pickles, salad dressing, sodas and fruit juices, per the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI).
Sodium benzoate is heavily used by the soft drink industry due to the demand for high-fructose corn syrup in carbonated drinks, according to the International Program on Chemical Safety.
Sodium benzoate increases the acidity of soft drinks, which also increases the intensity of flavor from the high-fructose corn syrup.
On the back of a soda can, you can find sodium benzoate in the ingredients list as E211, which is the number assigned to it as a food additive.
Sodium benzoate's antimicrobial properties have also made it a common ingredient in many personal products like lotions, shampoos and makeup.
Sodium benzoate is also used in detergents and other cleaning products, as well as in certain medications, according to the NCBI.
Sodium Benzoate Benefits
Sodium benzoate may hamper the growth of bacteria and mold in foods, which can prevent spoilage, per an older October 2004 study in the British Journal of Dermatology.
Similarly, sodium benzoate can act as a preservative in certain medications (like cough syrup), extending the shelf life of OTC aids.
Sodium benzoate can also help smooth medical tablets in the manufacturing process, making them easier to swallow, per the article in Biotechnology and Health Sciences.
Sodium benzoate can be a lubricant in pill manufacturing and makes tablets transparent and smooth, helping them break down rapidly after you swallow them
Sodium benzoate inhibits the growth of potentially harmful bacteria, mold and other microbes in food, thus deterring spoilage.
Sodium benzoate particularly effective in acidic foods.
Synonyms:Benzoic acid sodium salt, Sodium benzoate
Linear Formula:C6H5COONa
CAS Number:532-32-1
Molecular Weight:144.10
Sodium benzoate is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods.
Sodium benzoate may also be used as a test for liver function.
Sodium benzoate is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (i.e. acetic acid in vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (acetic acid), condiments and frogurt toppings.
Sodium benzoate has been used in a wide variety of products because of its antimicrobial and flavor characteristics.
NOT FOR MEDICINAL USE
Sodium benzoate is a preservative commonly used in foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid, phenyl carboxylic acid) and its salts (sodium benzoate) are the oldest and most common natural compounds used as food and beverages preservative and widely spread in the environment .
Sodium benzoate is produced as an intermediate in the formation of other compounds and occurs naturally at a high level in many fruits such as cranberries, plums, cinnamon, prunes, strawberries, apples, and yogurts.
Among these, some berries (cloudberries) have a lot of benzoic acid that enables them to be stored for long periods without fungal or bacterial spoilage.
The solubility of benzoic acid is very low in water, and thus, the more soluble form, sodium benzoate, is commonly used.
The main antimicrobial effect of benzoic acid is due to the undissociated acid used for high acid foods with a pH lower than 4.5, e.g., soft drinks, ciders, and dressings, but also applied in fruit salads, jams, jellies, sauerkraut, and margarine. Its bactericidal activity increases with the length of the alkyl radical connected to p-hydroxybenzoic acid, with better interaction with the bacterial cell membrane lipids
Benzoic acid is chemically synthesized by the liquid phase oxidation of toluene on an industrial scale in the presence of potassium permanganate as a catalyst.
Some studies explained the synthesis processes of benzoic acid using fermentation by Streptomyces maritimus and cultivation on starch, glucose, and cellobiose
Sodium Benzoate USP NF
C7H5NaO2 --- 144.10
Benzoic acid, sodium salt.
Sodium Benzoate contains not less than 99.0 percent and not more than 100.5 percent of C7H5NaO2, calculated on the anhydrous basis.
Identification:
A: Infrared Absorption 197M , on the un-dried specimen.
B: It responds to the tests for Sodium and for Benzoate.
Alkalinity: Dissolve 2 g in 20 mL of hot water, and add 2 drops of PhPh
TS: the pink color produced, if any, is discharged by the addition of 0.20 mL of 0.10 N sulfuric acid.
Water: not more than 1.5%.
Heavy metals: the limit is 0.001%.
Sodium Benzoate FCC Food Grade
C7H5NaO2 Formula wt 144.11
INS: 211 CAS: [532-32-1]
DESCRIPTION
Sodium Benzoate occurs as white granules, crystalline powder, or flakes.
One gram dissolves in 2 mL of water, in 75 mL of alcohol, and in 50 mL of 90% alcohol.
Function: Preservative; antimicrobial agent.
REQUIREMENTS
Identification: A sample gives positive tests for Sodium and for Benzoate.
Assay: Not less than 99.0% and not more than 100.5% of C7H5NaO2, calculated on the anhydrous basis.
Alkalinity (as NaOH): Not more than 0.04%.
Lead: Not more than 2 mg/kg.
Water: Not more than 1.5%.
Sodium benzoate is a common food preservative and is the sodium salt of benzoic acid.
Sodium benzoate is synthesized from sodium hydroxide and benzoic acid.
As in food, benzoic acid can play a role in a free state, and it is mainly added to acidic foods to enhance its flavor, and has the effect of preventing deterioration and sourness and prolonging the shelf life.
Sodium Benzoate Safety
At present, sodium benzoate is a food preservative allowed in China’s GB2760, which shows that the Health Commission has recognized the safety of sodium benzoate in food at this stage.
The US FDA stipulates that the content of sodium benzoate in food shall not exceed 0.1% (by weight) in Chemicalbook.
A study by the International Chemical Safety Agency found that daily intake of 647-835 mg/kg body weight of sodium benzoate will not have a negative effect on health.
Investigations have shown that excessive consumption of benzoic acid and its salts in the human body will cause metabolic dysfunction in the liver, increased blood pressure, abnormal heart and kidney functions, and even cause muscle acidosis, fainting, and asthma.
Sodium benzoate application scope is shrinking day by day.
Some countries such as Japan have stopped the production of sodium benzoate and imposed restrictions on its use.
Sodium Benzoate In Food
Sodium benzoate is an acidic preservative that has a better antiseptic effect in acidic environments.
Sodium benzoate is a very commonly used food preservative and has the effect of preventing deterioration and acidity and prolonging the shelf life.
Sodium benzoate is mostly white powder, odorless or slightly benzoin smell, slightly sweet and astringent; easily soluble in water (normal temperature) about 53.0g/100ml, pH is about 8; sodium benzoate is also an acidic preservative, in alkali There is no bactericidal and antibacterial effect in the sexual medium; the best antiseptic pH is 2.5-4.0, and the bactericidal effect of 5% solution at pH 5.0 is not very good.
Introduction
Sodium benzoate is a preservative.
Sodium benzoate is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions.
Sodium benzoate is used most prevalently in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments. It is also found in alcohol-based mouthwash and silver polish.
Sodium benzoate can also be found in cough syrups like Robitussin.
Sodium benzoate is declared on a product label as 'sodium benzoate' or E211
Sodium benzoate is also used in fireworks as a fuel in whistle mix, a powder which imparts a whistling noise when compressed into a tube and ignited.
Functions and Applications
1、sodium benzoate is widely used in food industry as a food preservative.
2、sodium benzoate is used as a preservative for soy sauce, vinegar, low salt sauces, juice, jam, fruit wine, canned food, soda water, beverage syrup, tobacco and so on.
3、The pharmaceutical industry is used to prepare sodium benzoate sedatives and other antiseptic drugs.
4、sodium benzoate is also used for anticorrosive paper, latex paint, shoeshine, glue and fabric.
5、sodium benzoate can also be used to make mordant in dyestuff industry, plasticizer in plastic industry and raw material for perfume industry.
6、As a chemical reagent, used as a cosolvent for serum bilirubin test.
Synonym(s):Benzoic acid sodium salt
Linear Formula:C6H5COONa
CAS Number:532-32-1
Molecular Weight:144.10
FEMA Number:3025
Beilstein:3572467
EC Number:208-534-8
MDL number:MFCD00012463
PubChem Substance ID:24901435
E Number:E 211
NACRES:NA.21
Sodium benzoate E211 powder - a food grade substance used as an additive to food and feed.
Sodium benzoate in the food industry is used as a food preservative.
Sodium benzoate reduces the growth of bacterial flora, mold and yeast.
Sodium benzoate is widely used in the production of sweetened beverages and is marked on the label with the symbol E211.
Sodium benzoate E211 powder - is in the form of a white powder, which has the strongest effect at slightly acidic pH.
Sodium benzoate dissolves well in water and weaker in organic solvents.
Sodium benzoate preserves fruit and vegetable preserves, salads, fish marinades.
Sodium benzoate is also used for preserving fruit yogurt, beer and olives.
Sodium benzoate is not harmful to the environment and accumulates in water and soil.
Sodium benzoate also does not accumulate in the human body.
Acceptable daily dose of sodium benzoate is 5 mg / kg body weight.
Sodium benzoate is also used in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical industry and as a component of anti-corrosion agents.
Sodium benzoate is used in the production of plastics as an additive improving their strength and purity.
Sodium benzoate is also used in pyrotechnics.
Features:
• CAS 532-32-1
• Appearance: White crystalline powder
• The content of the main ingredient: 99-100%
• Chemical formula: C7H5O2Na
• Molar mass: 144.1 g / mol
• Chlorinated organic compounds: max. 0.06%
Is Sodium Benzoate Safe in Cosmetics?
Sodium benzoate is a salt of benzoic acid that is found naturally in cranberries, prunes, plums, apples, and other fruits.
In its solid form it is a white, granular or crystalline powder.
While benzyl alcohol is an organic alcohol with a hydroxyl group (-OH), the related compound benzoic acid has a carboxyl group (-COOH).
Sodium benzoate is used in a wide variety of cosmetics and personal care products where it acts as a corrosion inhibitor, fragrance ingredient, and preservative.
As a preservative, sodium benzoate is primarily an anti-fungal agent but also has some effectiveness against bacteria.
Sodium benzoate is not a broad-spectrum preservative for cosmetic use and should be combined with other preservatives.
Sodium benzoate is often combined with potassium sorbate in low pH products in order to benefit from the ingredients’ synergistic effects against yeast and mold.
When combined with caffeine, Sodium benzoate can have a sunscreen effect and provide UVB protection with antioxidant activity.
While there has been some controversy over the use of sodium benzoate as a food preservative due to its potential to interact with ascorbic acid (a derivative of vitamin C) and produce benzene, the amount of sodium benzoate in foods is so low that it is FDA approved and deemed safe.
Soft drinks are the main source of sodium benzoate in the diet where the ingredient is limited to a maximum of 0.1% by weight.
Sodium benzoate is absorbed, metabolized and excreted rapidly after ingestion.
Sodium benzoate is not a toxin or carcinogen on its own, and large amounts of it would have to be consumed, not applied topically, for any adverse effects to be seen.
So then, is the combination of sodium benzoate and vitamin C in skin care products a potential concern?
Fortunately, there are ways of formulating these products to prevent a reaction between the two ingredients from occurring.
Benzene does not form at all in cosmetic products with a high concentration of vitamin C and a low concentration of sodium benzoate, because higher amounts of vitamin C cause it to act as a free radical scavenger rather than react with sodium benzoate.
Products with a pH of 3 or higher are generally safer in terms of preventing benzene formation, and above a pH of 7 no benzene forms at all.
Protecting products from light and heat exposure also limits the potential for benzene formation.
Manufacturers that follow safe practices can effectively prevent the formation of benzene in cosmetic products that also contain vitamin C. And for the most part, sodium benzoate is only used in formulas that do not contain significant levels of vitamin C. Overall, sodium benzoate is one of the most reliable ingredients on the market and very safe for consumers.
What is Sodium Benzoate?
Sodium benzoate is a common food preservative and a mold inhibitor.
Sodium benzoate is most effective in low acid foods and beverages and baked goods such as breads, cakes, pies, tortillas and many others.
Benefits of sodium benzoate include its activity against:
Molds
Fungus
Bacteria
Origin
The preservative activity of benzoic acid was described as early as 1875 by H.
Fleck and was the first preservant permitted by the FDA.
Sodium benzoate is used in foods, cosmetics and drug formulations.
Function
Although benzoic acid is found in many plants, Sodium benzoate is converted to the active sodium benzoate form to overcome its solubility challenges.
Sodium benzoate is an effective preservative in baked products due to its activity against molds responsible for spoilage of most baked products.
Sodium benzoate is also used to control yeast, pathogenic and spore forming bacteria.
In aqueous media and pH around 5.0, sodium benzoate transforms to benzoic acid which in the undissociated form can disrupt microorganisms’ cell wall. This retards their growth.
At pH 4.0, 60% of the molecule is in the undissociated form compared to only 1.5% at pH 6.0.2
Nutrition
Despite the potential adverse effect of combining sodium benzoate and vitamin C and formation of benzene, the FDA states that levels of benzene are well below dangerous limits in properly formulated foods.3
Commercial production
Sodium benzoate is commercially produced using the following process
Neutralization: benzoic acid is mixed in a tank containing sodium hydroxide.
The pH is controlled at 7.5-8.0 and a temperature of 95-98 °C (203-208 °F).
The reaction is completed in 30-40 min
Bleaching: removes undesirable colors
Filtering: typically under pressure (0.3-0.4 Mpa) to obtain a clean solution
Drying: Sodium benzoate is oven-dried at 150-155 °C (302-311 °F)
Packaging: particulates of 1.5-2.0 mm are packed in suitable containers
Origin(s): Synthetic
Autres langues : Benzoate de sodium, Benzoato di sodio, Benzonato de sodio, Natriumbenzoat
INCI name: SODIUM BENZOATE
EINECS/ELINCS number: 208-534-8
Food additive: E211
Classification: Regulated, Preservative
Bio-compatible (COSMOS Reference)
NAMELY
Sodium benzoate is used as an antifungal preservative in cosmetics and in food under the name E211.
Sodium benzoate is therefore very effective against fungi, yeasts and bacteria.
Sodium benzoate is made quite easily with soda, water and benzoic acid.
Sodium benzoate is found naturally in some fruits such as plums, prunes or apples.
Sodium benzoate is authorized in organic.
Restriction in Europe: V/1
The maximum permitted concentration in the finished preparations is :
- 2.5% (in acid) for rinsed products, except for oral products
- 1.7% (in acid) for oral products
- 0,5 % (in acid) for non-rinsed products
Its functions (INCI)
Anticorrosive : Prevents corrosion of the packaging
Masking : Reduces or inhibits the odor or basic taste of the product
Preservative : Inhibits the development of microorganisms in cosmetic products.
Sodium Benzoate is the inactive salt of benzoic acid.
Sodium benzoate is soluble in water where it converts to benzoic acid, its active form, at a low pH.
Benzoic acid is very pH dependent.
While it shows some activity up to pH 6 (about 1.55%), it is most active at pH 3 (94%).
As benzoic acid, it is considered to be primarily an anti-fungal, but it shows some activity against bacteria.
Sodium benzoate is poor against pseudomonads. Benzoic acid is inactivated by non-ionics and by raising the pH.
Sodium Benzoate is not a broad spectrum preservative for cosmetic use and should be combined with other preservatives.
If Sodium Benzoate is used as a preservative, the pH of the finished product may need to be lowered enough to release the free acid for useful activity.
Sodium Benzoate is often combined with Potassium Sorbate in low pH products to provide a synergistic preservative effect against yeast and mold.
Sodium benzoate is some concern that Sodium Benzoate in combination with L-Ascorbic Acid in products can form Benzene, a known human carcinogen.
Sodium benzoate presence of ascorbic acid and benzoates alone does not lead to the formation of benzene.
Certain additional conditions are required for trace levels of benzene to form, including heat, ultraviolet light and metallic ions in the mixture.
Therefore, a product containing ascorbic acid and benzoates will not necessarily contain any detectable levels of benzene.
Sodium benzoate use of EDTA, which chelates metallic ions can therefore be of assistance in the inhibition of benzene formation.
Citric Acid is not thought to induce significant benzene production in combination with Benzoic Acid, but some evidence suggests that in the presence of ascorbic acid and benzoic acid, citric acid may accelerate the production of benzene.
Therefore, the use of Sodium Benzoate and L-Ascorbic Acid and Citric Acid in the same cosmetic formulations should be avoided.
All cosmetic products should undergo microbial testing to ensure the efficacy of any preservative system.
What is it?
Sodium benzoate has a chemical formula of C7H5NaO2.
Sodium benzoate is an antimicrobial preservative and flavoring agent used in the food industry and a tablet and capsule lubricant used in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.
Sodium benzoate is synthesized by combining benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide.
Sodium benzoate does not occur naturally, but when it is mixed with water it produces benzoic acid, which can be found naturally in certain fruits such as plums, cranberries and apples.
In the food industry, sodium benzoate is used in foods with an acidic pH such as pickles and salad dressings, in carbonated beverages, and in some fruit juice products.
When sodium benzoate is combined with vitamin C, as in some soft drinks and other beverages, and exposed to elevated temperatures or light the cancer-causing chemical benzene may form.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maximum benzene level is set at 5 parts per billion (ppb) for drinking water, as a quality standard.
In 2005-2007, the FDA sampled various soft drinks and other beverages that contained both single sodium benzoate and combined sodium benzoate and vitamin C and found that the vast majority of these beverages fell below the maximum level.
Those products that were above the upper limit have since been reformulated. However, the FDA did not test every beverage on the market.
FDA believes that the results of the surveys indicate that the levels of benzene found in soft drinks do not pose a safety concern.
CAS No. 532-32-1
Molecular Formula/MF C7H5NaO2
EINECS No. 208-534-8
HS Code 39053000
Classification Biochemical Chemicals
Grade Standard Food garde
Purity 99.0% min
Appearance White light powder
Package 25kg/bag
Place of Origin CHINA
Loading Port CHINA PORT
Sodium Benzoate is white powder or granular, widely used in food addtives,antiseptic of drug, daily goods, etc, and metal, plastic, organic chemicals.
Content 99.0% min
Loss on drying 1.5% max
Acidity or Alkalinity 0.2 ml/g max
Heavy metal (as Pb) 0.001% max
Chlorides 0.002% max
Total Chlorides 0.03% max
Transparency and Colour Clear and Y6
Sodium benzoate is a chemical salt. It is obtained by neutralizing benzoic acid with sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide.
Sodium benzoate is not pure in nature, but the benzoic acid from which it is derived is naturally present in many animals and plants and is produced from them.
Available in white and solid form.
It should be stored separately from antioxidants and should also be stored at room temperature under cool and moisture-free conditions.
The melting temperature of sodium benzoate is about 300 ° C.
Sodium benzoate loses its activity when the pH value exceeds 5.0.
Sodium benzoate is used as a preservative against mold and yeast in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
When sodium benzoate is used in the food sector, it is widely used in carbonated drinks and similar soft drinks, pickles, ketchup and similar preparations in foods such as marmalade jam, and in sugar production in olives.
Sodium benzoate use of sodium benzoate is generally in the range of 0.1–0.2%. In our country, sodium benzoate can be used at most 0.1%, no more is allowed. In the beverage industry, 10-20% aqueous solutions are used.
What Is Sodium benzoate?
Sodium benzoate is a food-grade, biodegradable preservative made from the salt of benzoic acid.
What Does Sodium benzoate Do in Our products?
Sodium benzoate prevents yeast, mold, and fungus from forming.
Sodium benzoate helps keep our products shelf stable for at least two years from the date of purchase.
Sodium benzoate is used in concentrations of less than 0.5% by volume.
Why Puracy Uses Sodium benzoate
Sodium benzoate is often used in food, but we use it in several of our products to keep yeast, mold and fungus from growing in them while they’re on store shelves or in your home.
French inspection and certification body Ecocert has certified the ingredient for use in organic cosmetics, and the Food and Drug Administration considers sodium benzoate “Generally Recognized as Safe” (GRAS).
Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in its body care quality standards.
How Sodium benzoate Is Made
Sodium benzoate is produced by combining benzoic acid with baking soda, soda ash, or lye.
Sodium benzoate reaction makes it soluble in water (benzoic acid on its own isn’t soluble in water).
Benzoic acid occurs naturally in many plants and animals; high concentrations are found in cranberries, prunes, plums, cinnamon, ripe cloves, and most berries.
However, it is often manufactured as a byproduct of combining oxygen with toluene, which occurs naturally in the tolu tree.
An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.
Sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, widely used as a food preservative and pickling agent.
A white crystalline chemical with the formula C6H5COONa, it has an E number of E211.
Sodium benzoate can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid.
Resources
Sodium benzoate, sometimes also called benzoate of soda, is the sodium salt of benzoic acid.
Sodium benzoate is an aromatic compound denoted by the chemical formula C7H5NaO2 with a molecular weight of 144.11.
Sodium benzoate can be made by chemically combining sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid.
In its refined form, sodium benzoate is a white, odorless compound that has a sweet, astringent taste, and is soluble in water.
Sodium benzoate has antimicrobial characteristics, and is typically used as a preservative in food products.
Chemical And Physical Properties
Sodium benzoate has a density of 1.44 g/cm3. It melts when over 570°F (300°C), and it does not have a boiling point.
Sodium benzoate is supplied as a white powder or flake.
During use, it is mixed dry in bulk liquids where it promptly dissolves. Approximately 1.75 oz (50 g) will readily dissolve in 3 fl oz (100 ml) of water. In contrast, benzoic acid has a significantly lower water solubility profile.
When placed in water, sodium benzoate dissociates to form sodium ions and benzoic acid ions.
Benzoic acid is a weak organic acid that contains a carboxyl group, and occurs naturally in some foods, including cranberries, prunes, cinnamon, and cloves.
Sodium benzoate is also formed by most vertebrates during metabolism.
Sodium benzoate is an antimicrobial active against most yeast and bacterial strains.
Sodium benzoate works by dissociating in the system and producing benzoic acid. Benzoic acid is highly toxic to microbes, however, it is less effective against molds.
Overall, it is more effective as the pH of a system is reduced with the optimal functional range between pH 2.5 to 4.0.
The antimicrobial effect is also enhanced by the presence of sodium chloride.
Production
There are three methods for the commercial preparation of sodium benzoate.
In one method, naphthalene is oxidized with vanadium pentoxide to give phthalic anhydride.
Sodium benzoate is decarboxylated to yield benzoic acid.
In a second method, toluene is mixed with nitric acid and oxidized to produce benzoic acid.
In a third method, benzotrichloride is hydrolyzed and then treated with a mineral acid to give benzoic acid.
Benzotrichloride is formed by the reaction of chlorine and toluene. In all cases, the benzoic acid is further refined to produce sodium benzoate.
One way this is done is by dissolving the acid in a sodium hydroxide-solution.
Sodium benzoate resulting chemical reaction produces sodium benzoate and water.
Sodium benzoate crystals are isolated by evaporating off the water.
Sodium benzoate has been used in a wide variety of products because of its antimicrobial and flavor characteristics.
Sodium benzoate is the most widely used food preservative in the world, being incorporated into both food and soft drink products.
Sodium benzoate is used in margarine, salsas, maple syrups, pickles, preserves, jams, and jellies.
Almost every diet soft drink contains sodium benzoate, as do some wine coolers and fruit juices.
Sodium benzoate is also used in personal care products like toothpaste, dentifrice cleaners, and mouthwashes.
As a preservative, sodium benzoate has the advantage of low cost.
A drawback is its astringent taste that can be avoided by using lower levels with another preservative like potassium sorbate.
In addition to its use in food, Sodium benzoate is used as an intermediate during the manufacture of dyes.
Sodium benzoate is an antiseptic medicine and a rust and mildew inhibitor.
Sodium benzoate is also used in tobacco and pharmaceutical preparations.
In the free-acid form,Sodium benzoate is used as a fungicide.
A relatively recent use for sodium benzoate is as a corrosion inhibitor in engine coolant systems.
Sodium benzoate has recently been incorporated into plastics, like polypropylene, where it has been found to improve clarity and strength.
Sodium benzoate -- and its close relatives benzoic acid and potassium benzoate -- are preservatives that prevent microorganism (yeast, bacteria, etc.) from growing in acidic foods (think pickles or fruit juice). It’s also common in carbonated drinks such as soda.
What Is Sodium Benzoate?
Sodium benzoate is a salt-like preservative, made from sodium and benzoic acid, which has been used in numerous food products for decades.
Sodium benzoate has a slightly tart, bitter flavor – due to the acid – and is, therefore, most successful as a preservative in foods that are already a bit tart or bitter.
You will find sodium benzoate in soft drinks, cider, salted products like margarine, salad dressings, fruit jams & jellies, pre-prepared vegetable salads, and many more.
Sodium benzoate is one of the most common preservatives in common use.
Where is sodium benzoate found?
Sodium benzoate is a preservative that can be found in acidic foods such as salad dressings, carbonated drinks, jams, juices, and condiments.
Sodium benzoate is also found in mouthwashes, silver polishes, cough syrups, soaps, and shampoos.
Sodium Benzoate is generally immediately available in most volumes.
High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.
Typical and custom packaging is available.
Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement
Sodium benzoate has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2; it is a widely used food preservative, with E number E211.
Sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water.
Sodium benzoate can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid.
Uses
Sodium benzoate is a preservative.
Sodium benzoate is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions.
Sodium benzoate is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
Sodium benzoate is also used as a preservative in medicines and cosmetics.
As a food additive, sodium benzoate has the E number E211.
Sodium benzoate is also used in fireworks as a fuel in whistle mix, a powder that emits a whistling noise when compressed into a tube and ignited.
The fuel is also one of the fastest burning rocket fuels and provides a lot of thrust and smoke.
Sodium benzoate does have its downsides: there is a high danger of explosion when the fuel is sharply compressed because of the fuel's sensitivity to impact.
Sodium benzoate is produced by the neutralization of benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide.
Benzoic acid is detectable at low levels in cranberries, prunes, greengage plums, cinnamon, ripe cloves, and apples.
Though benzoic acid is a more effective preservative, sodium benzoate is more commonly used as a food additive because benzoic acid does not dissolve well in water.
Concentration as a preservative is limited by the FDA in the U.S. to 0.1% by weight.
The International Programme on Chemical Safety found no adverse effects in humans at doses of 647–825 mg/kg of body weight per day.
Cats have a significantly lower tolerance against benzoic acid and its salts than rats and mice.
Sodium benzoate is, however, allowed as an animal food additive at up to 0.1%, according to AFCO's official publication.
Synonyms :
sodium benzoate
532-32-1
Benzoic acid, sodium salt
Benzoic acid sodium salt
Sobenate
Antimol
sodium;benzoate
Benzoate sodium
Benzoate of soda
FEMA No. 3025
UNII-OJ245FE5EU
MFCD00012463
OJ245FE5EU
E211
Benzoic acid, sodium salt (1:1)
Benzoate, sodium
Sodiumbenzoate
Natrium benzoicum
Caswell No. 746
Benzoan sodny [Czech]
Benzoan sodny
FEMA Number 3025
CCRIS 3921
HSDB 696
Benzoesaeure (na-salz) [German]
Benzoesaeure (na-salz)
Sodium benzoate solution
EINECS 208-534-8
C7H5NaO2
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 009103
AI3-07835
BzONa
Sodium benzoate [USAN:JAN:NF]
benzoic acid sodium
Sodium Benzoate USP
NATRII BENZOAS
